New energy bus air conditioning system
By employing two independent compressor temperature control systems in the air conditioning system of new energy buses, integrating battery thermal management and sensor control, and dynamically adjusting the compressor operating status, the problem of high energy consumption of the air conditioning system is solved, and efficient and energy-saving air conditioning operation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAMEN KING LONG UNITED AUTOMOTIVE IND CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
The existing air conditioning systems for new energy buses have high energy consumption, and the compressor operation and speed regulation methods are not energy-efficient.
It adopts two independent compressor temperature control systems, each of which integrates a battery thermal management system. It also adds an outlet air temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The controller dynamically adjusts the start, stop and speed of the compressor, and optimizes battery thermal management by combining the cell temperature sensor to achieve efficient operation.
It improves the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system, reduces vehicle energy consumption, ensures the air conditioning system operates in a stable and efficient range, and reduces the working time of the battery thermal management system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224392303U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bus air conditioning technology, and more specifically to a new energy bus air conditioning system. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the proportion of new energy vehicles is increasing, especially in the bus sector, where new energy buses account for an even larger share. New energy buses are not only a means of transportation but also a source of economic benefit; lower energy consumption translates to greater economic advantages for users. Air conditioning is the most energy-intensive auxiliary component on a new energy bus, making its energy consumption reduction crucial for both the vehicle and the overall vehicle energy efficiency.
[0003] Currently, existing air conditioning control systems for new energy buses mainly rely on temperature sensors installed inside the vehicle to detect the interior temperature, and inlet water temperature sensors within the power battery to monitor the inlet water temperature of the cooling system. The compressor's operation and speed are controlled by comparing the collected interior temperature with the set temperature, or by comparing the battery inlet water temperature with the target water temperature. While this control method is simple, it is not energy-efficient, and the air conditioning's energy consumption remains relatively high. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This utility model provides a new energy bus air conditioning system, the main purpose of which is to overcome the shortcomings of existing bus air conditioning systems, such as insufficient energy saving in compressor operation and speed regulation, and relatively high energy consumption.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A new energy bus air conditioning system includes two independent compressor temperature control systems. One compressor temperature control system integrates a battery thermal management system. Each compressor temperature control system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a controller. The indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are respectively connected to the compressor. The electronic expansion valve connects the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger. Each outdoor heat exchanger is equipped with an outdoor fan. Each indoor heat exchanger has an outlet air temperature sensor on its core outlet side. Each compressor's exhaust port is also equipped with a pressure sensor. The outlet air temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the compressor, and the outdoor fan are all communicatively connected to the controller.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the two independent compressor temperature control systems share a single outdoor heat exchanger.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, each of the above-mentioned compressor temperature control systems further includes a four-way valve, which has four connection terminals A, B, C, and D. Terminal A is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, terminal B is connected to the compressor's inlet terminal, terminal C is connected to the indoor heat exchanger, and terminal D is connected to the compressor's outlet terminal. When AB and CD are connected, it is one working state; when AD and BC are connected, it is another working state.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the B connection end of the four-way valve is also connected to the air inlet end of the compressor via a gas-water separator.
[0010] The compressors mentioned above are preferably electric variable frequency turbine compressors.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the battery thermal management system includes a power battery, a water pump, and a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger has a heat exchange medium inlet, a heat exchange medium outlet, a water inlet, and a water outlet. The plate heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the compressor temperature control system through the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet. The cooling water system of the power battery, the water pump, the water inlet, and the water outlet form a circulation loop. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively equipped with an inlet water temperature sensor and an outlet water temperature sensor. The power battery is equipped with a cell temperature sensor.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, an electronic expansion valve is further provided between the heat exchange medium outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the compressor temperature control system.
[0013] As can be seen from the above description of the structure of this utility model, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0014] 1. This utility model relates to a new energy bus air conditioning system that adds a temperature sensor to the air outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger core. This sensor detects the outlet air temperature of the indoor heat exchanger core and transmits the data to a controller. The controller then controls the compressor's start-up, shutdown, and speed, ensuring the compressor operates at high energy efficiency and improving the actual energy efficiency of the air conditioning system. Simultaneously, this utility model also installs a pressure sensor at the compressor's exhaust port to detect the exhaust pressure. The controller then controls the outdoor fan speed to dynamically adjust the overall system pressure, ensuring the new energy bus air conditioning system operates within a stable and efficient range.
[0015] 2. This utility model also includes a cell temperature sensor installed in the power battery to collect the highest cell temperature of the power battery during charging. This temperature is used to make a comprehensive judgment with the average cell temperature to adjust and control the target temperature. While ensuring that the power battery is within the target temperature range, the working time of the battery thermal management system during vehicle use is reduced, effectively reducing power consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many details are described below to provide a comprehensive understanding of this utility model; however, those skilled in the art can implement this utility model without these details.
[0018] A new energy bus air conditioning system, referring to Figure 1 It includes two independent compressor temperature control systems, one of which integrates a battery thermal management system.
[0019] Reference Figure 1 Each compressor temperature control system includes a compressor 11, an indoor heat exchanger 12, an electronic expansion valve 13, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, and a controller (not shown in the figure). The compressor 11 is preferably an electric variable frequency turbine compressor. The indoor heat exchanger 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 are respectively connected to the compressor 11, and the electronic expansion valve 13 connects the indoor heat exchanger 12 and the outdoor heat exchanger 14. Each outdoor heat exchanger 14 is equipped with an outdoor fan 141. Each indoor heat exchanger 12 has an outlet air temperature sensor 121 on its core outlet side, and each compressor 11 has a pressure sensor 111 at its exhaust port. The outlet air temperature sensor 121, pressure sensor 111, compressor 11, and outdoor fan 141 are all communicatively connected to the controller.
[0020] The aforementioned outlet air temperature sensor 121 is used to detect the outlet air temperature of the indoor heat exchanger core and transmits the core outlet air temperature data to the controller. The controller then controls the start / stop and speed of the corresponding compressor 11, ensuring that the compressor 11 operates in a high-efficiency state. The specific control method is as follows:
[0021] In cooling mode: The entry condition is that the interior temperature is greater than or equal to the set temperature. When the interior temperature minus the core air outlet temperature is greater than or equal to 13℃, the compressor speed decreases by 100 rpm every 30 seconds; when the interior temperature is less than or equal to the core air outlet temperature and less than 13℃, the compressor speed remains constant; when the interior temperature is less than or equal to the core air outlet temperature and less than 11℃, this control is exited. In heating mode: The entry condition is that the interior temperature is less than or equal to the set temperature. When the core air outlet temperature minus the interior temperature is greater than or equal to 13℃, the compressor speed decreases by 100 rpm every 30 seconds; when the interior temperature is less than or equal to the core air outlet temperature and less than 13℃, the compressor speed remains constant; when the core air outlet temperature is less than or equal to the interior temperature and less than 11℃, this control is exited.
[0022] The aforementioned pressure sensor 111 detects the exhaust pressure at the exhaust port of the compressor 11, and the controller controls the speed of the outdoor fan to dynamically adjust the pressure of the entire system, ensuring that the air conditioning system of the new energy bus is in a stable and efficient operating range.
[0023] Reference Figure 1 To enable the compressor temperature control system to switch between heating and cooling, each compressor temperature control system also includes a four-way valve 15. The four-way valve 15 has four connection terminals: A, B, C, and D. Terminal A is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 14, terminal B is connected to the inlet of the compressor 11, terminal C is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 12, and terminal D is connected to the outlet of the compressor 11. When AB and CD are connected, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas formed after compression by the air compressor enters through the indoor heat exchanger; when AD and BC are connected, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas formed after compression by the air compressor enters through the outdoor heat exchanger.
[0024] Reference Figure 1 The B connection end of the four-way valve 15 is also connected to the air inlet end of the compressor 11 by a gas-water separator 16 to dry the refrigerant before it enters the compressor 11.
[0025] To save costs and improve space utilization, the two independent compressor temperature control systems in this embodiment share a single outdoor heat exchanger 14.
[0026] Reference Figure 1 The aforementioned battery thermal management system includes a power battery 21, a water pump 22, and a plate heat exchanger 23. The plate heat exchanger 23 has a heat exchange medium inlet, a heat exchange medium outlet, a water inlet, and a water outlet. The plate heat exchanger 23 is connected in parallel with the compressor temperature control system through the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet. An electronic expansion valve 24 is also provided between the heat exchange medium outlet of the plate heat exchanger 23 and the compressor temperature control system.
[0027] Reference Figure 1 The cooling water system, water pump, water inlet and water outlet of the power battery 21 form a circulation loop. The water inlet and water outlet are respectively equipped with water inlet temperature sensor 231 and water outlet temperature sensor 232, and the power battery 21 is equipped with cell temperature sensor.
[0028] The specific methods for adjusting and controlling the target battery temperature are as follows:
[0029] When the power battery is charging, it rapidly reaches the target water temperature set by the BMS to minimize the post-charging temperature, reducing the probability of using battery thermal management during driving and lowering energy consumption. When the battery is not charging, if the maximum cell temperature is ≥34℃, it rapidly reaches the target water temperature set by the BMS to reduce the maximum cell temperature to below 34℃; if 30℃ < maximum cell temperature < 34℃, the target water temperature is set based on the average cell temperature -8℃; if the maximum battery temperature is ≤30℃, operation stops.
[0030] The battery thermal management system operates by considering not only the target coolant temperature given by the BMS, but also the maximum and average cell temperatures during battery charging, adjusting and controlling the target temperature accordingly. By ensuring the battery remains within the target temperature range, the system reduces its operating time during vehicle use, effectively lowering energy consumption.
[0031] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the design concept of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to this utility model using this concept shall be considered as an infringement of the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A new energy bus air conditioning system, comprising two independent compressor temperature control systems, one of which integrates a battery thermal management system. Each compressor temperature control system includes a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a controller. The indoor and outdoor heat exchangers are respectively connected to the compressor, and the electronic expansion valve connects the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. Each outdoor heat exchanger is equipped with an outdoor fan. The system is characterized in that: Each of the indoor heat exchangers is equipped with an air outlet temperature sensor on the air outlet side of the core, and each of the compressors is also equipped with a pressure sensor at the exhaust port. The air outlet temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the compressor, and the outdoor fan are all communicatively connected to the controller.
2. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two independent compressor temperature control systems share one outdoor heat exchanger.
3. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each compressor temperature control system also includes a four-way valve, which has four connection terminals: A, B, C, and D. Terminal A is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, terminal B is connected to the compressor's inlet terminal, terminal C is connected to the indoor heat exchanger, and terminal D is connected to the compressor's outlet terminal. When AB and CD are connected, it is one working state; when AD and BC are connected, it is another working state.
4. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The B connection end of the four-way valve is also connected to the air inlet end of the compressor via a gas-water separator.
5. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor is an electric variable frequency turbo compressor.
6. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery thermal management system includes a power battery, a water pump, and a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger has a heat exchange medium inlet, a heat exchange medium outlet, a water inlet, and a water outlet. The plate heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the compressor temperature control system through the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet. The cooling water system of the power battery, the water pump, the water inlet, and the water outlet form a circulation loop. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively equipped with an inlet water temperature sensor and an outlet water temperature sensor. The power battery is equipped with a cell temperature sensor.
7. The air conditioning system for a new energy bus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: An electronic expansion valve is also provided between the heat exchange medium outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the compressor temperature control system.