Laser cutting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser cutting device, including laser, beam expander, laser alignment assembly, reflector and cutting head, laser is used to output laser beam, along the propagation direction of laser beam, beam expander is sequentially arranged, laser alignment assembly and reflector;Cutting head is vertically below reflector, laser beam after reflection by reflector is perpendicular to incident to cutting head;Laser alignment assembly includes relatively spaced first diaphragm hole and second diaphragm hole, first diaphragm hole is close to beam expander setting, second diaphragm hole is close to reflector setting, the axis of first diaphragm hole and second diaphragm hole coincides with the optical center axis of laser beam.No need to excessively rely on the experience of operator when optical path debugging, significantly reduce the debugging difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial equipment, and in particular to a laser cutting device. Background Technology

[0002] Diamond, as the hardest material in nature, has irreplaceable applications in many fields such as jewelry making, precision machinery manufacturing, laser optics, and medical devices due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. With the development of technology, the demand for diamond in cutting-edge fields such as high-end chip heat dissipation and quantum devices continues to grow, placing higher demands on the precision, efficiency, and stability of its cutting and processing.

[0003] Currently, diamond cutting methods mainly include mechanical grinding, abrasive waterjet cutting, electrical discharge machining (EDM), laser cutting, and water-guided cutting. Among these, laser cutting, with its advantages of high precision and ease of automation, has become one of the mainstream technologies for high-precision diamond processing. However, existing diamond laser cutting equipment relies heavily on operator experience during optical path adjustment. Adjustments are required to ensure the laser beam passes as close to the center of each optical element as possible, making adjustment difficult, demanding high operator skills, and challenging to standardize for mass production. If optical axis deviation occurs during adjustment, it can lead to uneven beam energy distribution and increased localized losses in optical elements, not only reducing beam quality but also potentially causing decreased cutting precision and cracking of the diamond workpiece due to optical path instability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new laser cutting device to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and meet the demand for high-precision diamond processing. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a laser cutting device to solve the problems of difficult optical path debugging and easy deviation of the optical axis in existing laser cutting devices, which leads to a decrease in beam quality.

[0006] To achieve one or more of the above objectives, or other objectives, this utility model provides a laser cutting device, including a laser, a beam expander, a laser alignment assembly, a reflector, and a cutting head.

[0007] The laser is used to output a laser beam. Along the propagation direction of the laser beam, the beam expander, the laser alignment assembly, and the reflector are arranged in sequence. The cutting head is located vertically below the reflector, and the laser beam reflected by the reflector is incident vertically on the cutting head.

[0008] The laser alignment assembly includes a first aperture and a second aperture spaced apart from each other. The first aperture is disposed near the beam expander, and the second aperture is disposed near the reflector. The axis of the first aperture and the second aperture coincides with the optical central axis of the laser beam.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a base, on which the laser, the laser alignment assembly, and the reflector are all mounted, and the beam expander is detachably connected to the laser's output port.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser alignment assembly includes a first positioning seat and a second positioning seat spaced apart. The first positioning seat is provided with a first collimator, and the second positioning seat is provided with a second collimator. Both the first collimator and the second collimator are perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam. The first collimator is provided with a first aperture, and the second collimator is provided with a second aperture. The bottoms of the first positioning seat and the second positioning seat are mounted on the base.

[0011] Furthermore, the first collimator and the second collimator are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of the first aperture and the second aperture are both larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam.

[0012] Furthermore, a third collimator is provided at the light outlet of the cutting head. The third collimator is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted from the cutting head. A third aperture is provided at the center of the third collimator, and the laser beam is emitted to the outside of the cutting head through the third aperture.

[0013] Furthermore, the third collimator is provided with reference marks for optical path calibration and adjustment, the reference marks including one or more of concentric ring lines, radial straight lines, grid lines, and angle scales.

[0014] Furthermore, a fourth collimator is provided at the light inlet of the cutting head. The fourth collimator is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam that is reflected by the mirror and incident on the cutting head. A fourth aperture is provided at the center of the fourth collimator, and the laser beam is incident on the cutting head through the fourth aperture.

[0015] Furthermore, the third collimator and the fourth collimator are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of the third aperture and the fourth aperture are both larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam.

[0016] Furthermore, the axes of the light inlet and the light outlet of the cutting head are not coaxial. A reflector is provided inside the cutting head. After the laser beam enters from the light inlet of the cutting head, it is reflected by the reflector, causing the direction of the laser beam to change and exiting vertically from the light outlet. An observation port is provided on the top of the cutting head, in the area directly above the light outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the reflector includes an incident surface, a reflecting surface, and an exit surface. The incident surface and the exit surface are arranged perpendicularly. The reflecting surface is connected between the incident surface and the exit surface at a 45° angle. A fifth collimator is provided on the incident surface. A fifth aperture is provided at the center of the fifth collimator. The laser beam is incident on the reflecting surface through the fifth aperture. The reflecting surface forms a 45° angle with the incident laser beam. The laser beam reflected by the reflecting surface exits from the exit surface in a direction perpendicular to the exit surface.

[0018] Implementing the embodiments of this utility model will have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention discloses a laser cutting device, comprising a laser, a beam expander, a laser alignment assembly, a reflector, and a cutting head. The laser outputs a laser beam. The beam expander, laser alignment assembly, and reflector are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser beam. The cutting head is located vertically below the reflector, and the laser beam, reflected by the reflector, is incident perpendicularly onto the cutting head. The laser alignment assembly includes a first aperture and a second aperture spaced apart from each other. The first aperture is positioned closer to the beam expander, and the second aperture is positioned closer to the reflector. The axes of the first and second apertures coincide with the optical central axis of the laser beam. By using the first and second apertures as reference points for optical path calibration, a clear physical reference is provided for the propagation path of the laser beam. During debugging, it is only necessary to observe whether the laser beam passes through the center of the two apertures to quickly determine whether the optical path is aligned, without relying excessively on the operator's experience, significantly reducing the debugging difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] in:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser cutting device in one embodiment (dashed lines represent the optical path);

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser cutting device in another embodiment (dashed lines represent the optical path);

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the first positioning seat in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the second positioning seat in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the cutting head in one embodiment (dashed lines represent the optical path);

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third collimator in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third collimator in yet another embodiment;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reflector structure in one embodiment (dashed lines represent the optical path).

[0030] Explanation of the attached drawing numbers:

[0031] 1: Laser; 2: Beam expander; 3: Laser alignment assembly; 31: First aperture; 32: Second aperture; 33: First positioning seat; 34: Second positioning seat; 35: First collimator; 36: Second collimator; 4: Reflector; 41: Reflector bracket; 42: Incident surface; 43: Reflecting surface; 44: Exit surface; 45: Fifth collimator; 46: Fifth aperture; 5: Cutting head; 51: Third collimator; 52: Third aperture; 53: Fourth collimator; 54: Fourth aperture; 55: Reflector; 56: Light inlet; 57: Light outlet; 58: Observation port; 59: Reference mark; 6: Base. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0033] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of this utility model illustrates a laser cutting device, including a laser 1, a beam expander 2, a laser alignment assembly 3, a reflector 4, and a cutting head 5.

[0036] The laser 1 is used to output a laser beam. Along the propagation direction of the laser beam, the beam expander 2, the laser alignment component 3, and the reflector 4 are arranged in sequence. The cutting head 5 is located vertically below the reflector 4, and the laser beam reflected by the reflector 4 is incident vertically on the cutting head 5.

[0037] The laser alignment assembly 3 includes a first aperture 31 and a second aperture 32 spaced apart from each other. The first aperture 31 is disposed near the beam expander 2, and the second aperture 32 is disposed near the reflector 4. The axis of the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32 coincides with the optical central axis of the laser beam.

[0038] In this embodiment, laser 1 provides the high-energy laser beam required for cutting diamond and other materials, with its exit port positioned opposite the entrance end of beam expander 2. Beam expander 2 is fixed in front of the exit port of laser 1, with its central axis coinciding with the exit axis of laser 1. It is used to expand and collimate the laser beam, reducing the beam divergence angle and improving the focusing accuracy of subsequent cutting. A first aperture 31 and a second aperture 32 are provided in the laser alignment assembly 3, providing a reliable physical reference for the propagation path of the laser beam. In actual assembly, the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32 can be positioned along the propagation path of the laser beam, and their spacing can be adjusted adaptively according to the size of the equipment. Reflector 4 uses a 45° quartz reflector, with its reflective surface at a 45° angle to the incident direction of the laser beam, thus reflecting the horizontally propagating laser beam into a vertically downward beam. The laser beam reflected by reflector 4 is vertically incident into the cutting head 5 and finally focused on the surface of the diamond sheet to be cut.

[0039] In the specific operation process, the debugging method includes the following steps:

[0040] S1 Laser Coarse Adjustment: Turn on laser 1, and adjust the position and angle of laser 1 to allow the output laser beam to initially pass through the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32. At this time, the laser beam may only partially pass through the apertures, but it is necessary to ensure that the center of the beam is roughly aligned with the axis of the two apertures.

[0041] S2 Beam Expander Calibration: Install beam expander 2 in front of the output port of laser 1. By fine-tuning the three-dimensional position (X, Y, Z directions) and angle of beam expander 2, ensure that the expanded laser beam completely passes through the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32. At this time, the axis formed by the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32 is defined as the principal optical axis of the entire optical path, and the optical axes of laser 1 and beam expander 2 are both calibrated to coincide with this principal optical axis.

[0042] S3 Reflector Calibration: After installing reflector 4 in the preset position, adjust it so that the reflecting surface of reflector 4 is at a 45° angle to the horizontal direction, thereby ensuring that the reflected laser beam propagates vertically downward.

[0043] S4 Cutting Head Calibration: The optical axis of the entire optical path system is calibrated by finely adjusting the relative positions of the reflector 4 and the cutting head 5.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32 are used as reference points for optical path calibration, providing a clear physical reference for the propagation path of the laser beam. During debugging, it is only necessary to observe whether the laser beam passes through the center of the two apertures to quickly determine whether the optical path is aligned, without relying on the operator's experience, which significantly reduces the debugging difficulty.

[0045] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 It also includes a base 6, on which the laser 1, the laser alignment assembly 3 and the reflector 4 are all mounted, and the beam expander 2 is detachably connected to the output port of the laser 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the top surface of the base 6 forms a horizontal mounting plane. Exemplarily, the laser 1 can be fixedly connected to the base 6 via a positioning flange at its bottom; the bottom of the laser alignment assembly 3 can be connected to a pre-set threaded hole in the base 6 via bolts, with the installation position corresponding to the optical path between the beam expander 2 and the reflector 4; the reflector 4 can be fixed to the reflector bracket 41 at the end of the base 6, and its position or angle can be finely adjusted by setting fine-tuning bolts, etc. The beam expander 2 has an external thread at its light-inlet end, and the laser 1 has a matching internal thread at its light-outlet end; the two are detachably connected through the threaded structure.

[0047] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 1-4 The laser alignment assembly includes a first positioning seat 33 and a second positioning seat 34 spaced apart. A first collimator 35 is provided on the first positioning seat 33, and a second collimator 36 is provided on the second positioning seat 34. Both the first collimator 35 and the second collimator 36 are perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam. The first collimator 35 is provided with a first aperture 31, and the second collimator 36 is provided with a second aperture 32. The bottoms of the first positioning seat 33 and the second positioning seat 34 are mounted on the base.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first positioning seat 33 and the second positioning seat 34 preferably adopt the same structure, and the main body of the positioning seat can be made of aluminum alloy. The first positioning seat 33 and the second positioning seat 34 are spaced apart on the base 6 and arranged sequentially along the laser beam propagation direction. The first collimator 35 and the second collimator 36 can be made of quartz glass, which has high light transmittance and high temperature resistance. The first collimator 35 can be fixed at a preset position of the first positioning seat 33 by embedding, plugging, or other means, and the second collimator 36 is fixed at a preset position of the second positioning seat 34 in the same way. Both the first collimator 35 and the second collimator 36 are perpendicular to the main body of the positioning seat. The first aperture 31 is opened at the center of the first collimator 35, and the second aperture 32 is opened at the center of the second collimator 36, with the aperture diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the laser beam.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first collimator 35 and the second collimator 36 are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of both the first and second apertures are larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam. For example, the diameters of the first aperture 31 and the second aperture 32 are several millimeters, which is 1.2-2 times the spot diameter of the laser beam. This provides a certain margin of error for optical path adjustment, allowing for slight deviations during installation without affecting the beam throughput, thus reducing adjustment difficulty and time costs.

[0050] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cutting head 5 has a third collimator 51 at its light outlet. The third collimator 51 is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted from the cutting head 5. A third aperture 52 is located at the center of the third collimator 51, through which the laser beam exits the cutting head. The third collimator 51 is made of quartz glass and is fixedly installed on the light outlet end face of the cutting head 5. By setting the third collimator 51, effective calibration assistance can be provided to the operator during the cutting head calibration step S4.

[0051] In some embodiments, the third collimator 51 is provided with a reference mark 59 for optical path calibration adjustment, the reference mark 59 including one or more of concentric ring lines, radial straight lines, grid lines, and angle scales.

[0052] Reference Figure 7 A reference mark 59 is processed on the third collimator 51 using laser etching. Several concentric rings with equal spacing are etched with the third aperture 52 as the center. Several radial straight lines are then evenly distributed along the circumference of the third aperture 53, with each straight line extending to the outermost concentric ring, as a reference for direction / angle calibration.

[0053] The grid lines can be square grid lines, and the intersection of the grid lines forms coordinate positioning points; the angle scale can be 360° angle scale lines etched on the edge area of ​​the third collimator 51; etc. All of the above methods can be used by operators to evaluate the spot offset and direction during the calibration process, so as to make more targeted adjustments and improve the efficiency of optical path adjustment.

[0054] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The cutting head 5 has a fourth collimator 53 at its light inlet. The fourth collimator 53 is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam that enters the cutting head 5 after being reflected by the mirror 4. A fourth aperture 54 is located at the center of the fourth collimator 53, through which the laser beam enters the cutting head 5. The material and structure of the fourth collimator 53 are the same as those of the third collimator 51, and will not be described further here. Similarly, a reference mark 59 may also be provided on the fourth collimator 53.

[0055] In some embodiments, the third collimator 51 and the fourth collimator 53 are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of the third aperture 52 and the fourth aperture 54 are both larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam. For example, the diameters of the third aperture 52 and the fourth aperture 54 are several millimeters, which is 1.2-2 times the spot diameter of the laser beam. This provides a certain margin of error for optical path adjustment, allowing for slight deviations by the operator during installation without affecting the beam throughput, thus reducing adjustment difficulty and time costs.

[0056] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5The axes of the light inlet 56 and the light outlet 57 of the cutting head 5 are not coaxial. A reflector 55 is provided inside the cutting head 5. After the laser beam enters through the light inlet, it is reflected by the reflector 55, changing the direction of the laser beam and causing it to exit perpendicularly from the light outlet. An observation port 58 is provided on the top of the cutting head 5, directly above the light outlet. The perpendicular and skewed distribution of the axes of the light inlet 56 and the light outlet 57 provides ample space for the observation port 58 directly above the light outlet 57. A camera can be installed above the observation port 58, allowing the operator to check the position and shape of the laser spot on the workpiece surface, facilitating timely adjustment of cutting parameters.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 The reflector 4 includes an incident surface 42, a reflecting surface 43, and an exit surface 44. The incident surface 42 and the exit surface 44 are arranged perpendicularly. The reflecting surface 43 is connected between the incident surface 42 and the exit surface 44 at a 45° angle. A fifth collimator 45 is provided on the incident surface 42. A fifth aperture 46 is provided at the center of the fifth collimator 45. The laser beam is incident on the reflecting surface 43 through the fifth aperture 46. The reflecting surface 43 forms a 45° angle with the incident laser beam. The laser beam reflected by the reflecting surface 43 exits from the exit surface 44 in a direction perpendicular to the exit surface 44.

[0058] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the reflector 4 is an isosceles right triangle. A fifth collimator 45 with a fifth aperture 46 is provided at the incident surface 42. The laser beam, perpendicular to the incident surface 42, passes through the fifth aperture 46 and illuminates the reflecting surface 43. The reflecting surface 43 is coated with a total reflection layer adapted to the laser wavelength, reflecting the laser beam to form a vertically downward beam at a 45° angle to the reflecting surface 43, which then enters the cutting head 5. The exit surface 44 can be configured as a glass with a central cutout to allow the beam to pass through.

[0059] In specific operation, the specific steps of step S3 of the aforementioned embodiment for calibrating the reflector include installing the reflector 4 to a preset position, adjusting it so that the reflecting surface of the reflector 4 is at a 45° angle to the horizontal direction, and finely adjusting the position and / or angle of the reflector 4 so that the laser beam passes through the center of the fifth aperture, thereby ensuring that the reflected laser beam propagates vertically downward.

[0060] In this embodiment of the laser cutting device, during calibration and debugging, the laser and beam expander are first calibrated. Specifically, the laser is turned on and its position is adjusted so that the laser beam passes through the first and second apertures. After installing the beam expander, it is finely adjusted to ensure that the expanded beam completely passes through the two apertures, thus establishing the main optical axis. Next, the reflector is calibrated. Specifically, the reflector with the fifth aperture is installed in place, and the frame is adjusted so that the beam passes through the first, second, and fifth apertures in sequence, ensuring that the reflecting surface is at a 45° angle to the incident beam and that the reflected beam is vertically downward. Then, the cutting head is calibrated. Specifically, the relative position of the reflector and the cutting head is adjusted so that the beam passes through the third and fourth apertures of the cutting head in sequence, thereby achieving consistent optical axis adjustment of the entire cutting device. Finally, the fine-tuning can be verified by observing the beam spot shape.

[0061] The laser cutting device of this invention improves the accuracy and speed of optical path calibration by setting multiple aperture holes, while reducing the dependence on operator skills, eliminating human judgment errors, and forming repeatable debugging specifications. This solves the problem of poor equipment consistency in mass production and facilitates large-scale application.

[0062] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model, but do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. This utility model can be implemented in many different forms; rather, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device, characterized in that, Includes laser, beam expander, laser alignment assembly, reflector, and cutting head. The laser is used to output a laser beam. Along the propagation direction of the laser beam, the beam expander, the laser alignment assembly, and the reflector are arranged in sequence. The cutting head is located vertically below the reflector, and the laser beam reflected by the reflector is incident vertically on the cutting head. The laser alignment assembly includes a first aperture and a second aperture spaced apart from each other. The first aperture is disposed near the beam expander, and the second aperture is disposed near the reflector. The axis of the first aperture and the second aperture coincides with the optical central axis of the laser beam.

2. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base, on which the laser, the laser alignment assembly and the reflector are all mounted, and the beam expander is detachably connected to the output port of the laser.

3. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The laser alignment assembly includes a first positioning seat and a second positioning seat spaced apart. A first collimator is provided on the first positioning seat, and a second collimator is provided on the second positioning seat. Both the first collimator and the second collimator are perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam. The first collimator is provided with a first aperture, and the second collimator is provided with a second aperture. The bottoms of the first positioning seat and the second positioning seat are mounted on the base.

4. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first collimator and the second collimator are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of the first aperture and the second aperture are both larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam.

5. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting head is provided with a third collimator at the light outlet. The third collimator is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted from the cutting head. The center of the third collimator is provided with a third aperture, through which the laser beam is emitted to the outside of the cutting head.

6. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The third collimator is provided with reference marks for optical path calibration and adjustment. The reference marks include one or more of the following: concentric ring lines, radial straight lines, grid lines, and angle scales.

7. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting head is provided with a fourth collimator at the light inlet. The fourth collimator is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam that is reflected by the mirror and incident on the cutting head. The center of the fourth collimator is provided with a fourth aperture, through which the laser beam is incident into the cutting head.

8. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The third collimator and the fourth collimator are made of transparent glass, and the diameters of the third aperture and the fourth aperture are both larger than the spot diameter of the laser beam.

9. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The axes of the light inlet and the light outlet of the cutting head are not coaxial. A reflector is provided inside the cutting head. After the laser beam enters from the light inlet of the cutting head, it is reflected by the reflector, which changes the direction of the laser beam and causes it to exit vertically from the light outlet. An observation port is provided on the top of the cutting head, in the area directly above the light outlet.

10. The laser cutting apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reflector includes an incident surface, a reflecting surface, and an exit surface. The incident surface and the exit surface are arranged perpendicularly. The reflecting surface is connected between the incident surface and the exit surface at a 45° angle. A fifth collimator is provided on the incident surface. A fifth aperture is provided at the center of the fifth collimator. The laser beam is incident on the reflecting surface through the fifth aperture. The reflecting surface forms a 45° angle with the incident laser beam. The laser beam reflected by the reflecting surface exits from the exit surface in a direction perpendicular to the exit surface.

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