A reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds
By combining a gas distribution jet assembly and an ultrasonic transducer in a rare earth compound reactor, the problems of slow dissolution and wall agglomeration of rare earth compounds have been solved, achieving efficient dissolution and preventing agglomeration, while reducing energy consumption and cleaning difficulty.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LESHAN DONGCHEN ADVANCED MATERIAL
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing rare earth compound reactors have slow dissolution rates and low efficiency during acid dissolution, are prone to forming hard cores and wall clumps, are difficult to clean and maintain, and have high energy consumption.
The design combines a gas distribution jet assembly and an ultrasonic transducer. The gas distribution jet assembly creates bubbles and turbulence in the reactor through an annular porous distributor and an ultrasonic transducer to prevent deposition and agglomeration. The ultrasonic transducer generates vibration and shear force to peel off the adhering material.
It significantly improves the dissolution rate and reaction efficiency of rare earth compounds, prevents clumping on the reactor walls, reduces the frequency of cleaning and maintenance, and lowers energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN224422832U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rare earth compound processing technology, specifically to a reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds. Background Technology
[0002] In rare earth smelting, during acid dissolution processes, such as using nitric acid to dissolve rare earth carbonates to prepare rare earth nitrate solutions, or using hydrochloric acid to dissolve sulfuric acid double salts to prepare rare earth chloride solutions, the dissolution process often suffers from slow dissolution rates and low efficiency. Rare earth carbonate particles are particularly prone to encapsulation, making internal dissolution difficult; sulfuric acid double salts have a dense structure. Incomplete dissolution easily leads to the formation of insoluble "hard cores" or unreacted nuclei. Severe scaling and agglomeration occur, with materials easily adhering to the vessel walls, agitator, and bottom, forming hard scale that is difficult to remove, affecting heat and mass transfer, reducing effective volume, and requiring frequent cleaning.
[0003] Existing mechanically stirred reactors are not ideal for processing the above-mentioned viscous and easily scale-forming rare earth compounds. They have high energy consumption, long operation cycles, and are troublesome to clean and maintain.
[0004] Therefore, this application is submitted. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reaction vessel that accelerates the synthesis of rare earth compounds, significantly improves the reaction rate in the acid dissolution reaction of rare earth compounds, prevents clumping on the vessel wall, and solves the problems existing in the prior art.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution:
[0007] A reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds includes a gas distribution and injection assembly located at the bottom of the vessel body. The gas distribution and injection assembly includes an annular porous distributor and an inlet pipe penetrating the vessel body wall. The two ends of the inlet pipe are respectively connected to the annular porous distributor and an external gas source. The top of the annular porous distributor is provided with several uniformly distributed variable diameter nozzles. The nozzles are divided into an inlet section, a straight section of equal diameter, and an outlet section from bottom to top along the vertical axis. Both the inlet section and the outlet section are funnel-shaped structures. The straight section has an inner diameter that is consistent with the inner diameter of the bottom end of the inlet section and the inner diameter of the top end of the outlet section.
[0008] Furthermore, the inner wall of the straight section is provided with multiple grooves.
[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the outlet section is provided with a hydrophobic coating to prevent crystallization.
[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the annular porous distributor is provided with an assembly block that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vessel body.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes at least three sets of ultrasonic transducers located on the outer wall of the vessel body. The emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer is in close contact with the outer wall of the vessel body, transmitting the vibrating ultrasonic waves through the outer wall of the vessel body to its interior.
[0012] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducers are arranged in three layers at equal intervals along the height of the vessel body. Each layer corresponds to the upper, middle and lower limits of the reaction liquid level inside the vessel body, respectively. The central angle formed by adjacent ultrasonic transducers in the same layer is 120°.
[0013] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer is provided with an outer shell, and the outer shell extends outward to form a connecting plate. The surface of the connecting plate is provided with screws that connect to the outer wall of the vessel body. The inner shell is provided with multiple fixing rods that connect to the sides of the ultrasonic transducer.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes scraper one and scraper two that are in segmental contact with the inner wall of the vessel body. The length of scraper one covers the spacing of the ultrasonic transducers located at the top and bottom, and scraper two is in contact with the bottom of the vessel body.
[0015] Furthermore, a stirring shaft is provided at the top of the vessel body and connected to the output end of the servo motor. Scraper 1 and Scraper 2 are connected to the stirring shaft via connecting rods.
[0016] Furthermore, the scraper is located above the annular porous distributor and close to each other.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0018] This invention utilizes a ring-shaped porous distributor with multiple nozzles of varying diameters. This allows external gas to form bubbles in the reaction liquid within the reactor body through the inlet, straight-mouth, and outlet sections. This causes solid particles such as rare earth carbonates to suspend and tumble, preventing them from settling and clumping. Simultaneously, the rising bubbles continuously break and renew the gas-liquid interface, significantly improving the synthesis reaction efficiency and preventing material adhesion and scale formation.
[0019] By setting up an ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic waves enter the interior of the reactor body and vibrate the reaction liquid inside the reactor body, generating micro-jets and strong shearing forces. This effectively removes soft scale adhering to the inner wall of the reactor body, scraper one, and scraper two, preventing it from hardening, and crushes the formed tiny hard lumps, preventing the material from sticking to the inner wall of the reactor body. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the annular porous distributor of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the annular porous distributor of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the straight section of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the ultrasonic transducer of this utility model on the outer wall of the reactor body;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the ultrasonic transducer of this utility model.
[0026] Reference numerals: 1-Bottle body, 10-Inlet, 11-Outlet, 12-Exhaust port, 13-Assembly block, 20-Annular porous distributor, 200-Spray hole, 201-Inlet section, 202-Straight section, 2020-Groove, 203-Outlet section, 2030-Hydrophobic coating, 21-Air inlet pipe, 30-Ultrasonic transducer, 31-Shell, 310-Connecting plate, 311-Fixing rod, 312-Screw, 40-Stirring shaft, 41-Servo motor, 42-Scraper 1, 43-Scraper 2, 44-Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "have," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0030] Example 1
[0031] Embodiment 1 of this utility model is a reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds, including a gas distribution and injection assembly located at the bottom of the vessel body 1. The gas distribution and injection assembly includes an annular porous distributor 20 and an inlet pipe 21 penetrating the vessel wall of the vessel body 1. The two ends of the inlet pipe 21 are respectively connected to the annular porous distributor 20 and an external gas source. The top of the annular porous distributor 20 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed variable diameter nozzles 200. The nozzles 200 are divided into an inlet section 201, a straight mouth section 202 of equal diameter and an outlet section 203 from bottom to top along the vertical axis. The inlet section 201 and the outlet section 203 are both funnel-shaped structures. The straight mouth section 202 has an inner diameter that is consistent with the inner diameter of the bottom end of the inlet section 201 and the inner diameter of the top end of the outlet section 203.
[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention primarily features a gas distribution and injection assembly at the bottom of the reactor body 1. An external gas source, via an inlet pipe 21 and an annular porous distributor 20, evenly injects a large number of bubbles into the bottom of the reactor body 1, creating a strong airflow circulation and turbulent disturbance. This suspends and tumbles solid particles such as rare earth carbonates, preventing them from settling and agglomerating. Simultaneously, the rising bubbles continuously break and renew the gas-liquid interface, significantly improving the absorption efficiency of dissolved gases (such as chlorine) or promoting synthesis reactions involving oxygen or carbon dioxide. Furthermore, the continuous airflow washes over the inner wall and bottom of the reactor body 1, effectively preventing material adhesion and scale formation. The external gas source is mainly compressed air, nitrogen, or specific reactive gases such as chlorine.
[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inlet section 201 is trapezoidal in shape, and the outlet section 203 is inverted trapezoidal in shape. Gas passes through the inlet section 201 and the straight section 202, and then exits from the outlet section 203. The inner diameter of the inlet section 201 is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet section 203. This ensures that the gas flows unidirectionally from the clean chamber into the nozzle 200, preventing material backflow. At the same time, the nozzle 200 is a variable diameter design, which can prevent particles in the vessel body 1 from getting stuck in the diameter hole during gas delivery, preventing material from entering the entire channel.
[0034] Furthermore, to prevent capillary action, the inner wall of the straight section 202 is provided with multiple grooves 2020, each 3-5 μm deep. These grooves disrupt the capillary effect of the liquid film. Figure 4 .
[0035] In addition, the inner wall of the outlet section 203 is provided with a hydrophobic coating 2030 to prevent crystallization. This hydrophobic coating 2030 can prevent crystals from adhering here. The hydrophobic coating 2030 is a nano-PTFE composite layer, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The nozzle 200 in this utility model is a variable diameter orifice, which passes through a trapezoidal inlet section 201, a straight section 202 of equal diameter, and an inverted trapezoidal outlet section 203. The straight section 202 is provided with a groove 2020 to break the capillary effect, and the outlet section 203 is provided with a hydrophobic coating 2030 to achieve double anti-clogging and prevent material from entering the nozzle 200 during gas delivery.
[0036] Meanwhile, to ensure stable gas delivery within the vessel body 1 via the annular porous distributor 20, an assembly block 13 is provided at the bottom of the annular porous distributor 20 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vessel body 1. The assembly block 13 is made of corrosion-resistant material and is fixedly connected to the vessel body 1 and the annular porous distributor 20, respectively, through methods such as welding. The assembly block 13 can be multiple block structures or annular structures, and its specific specifications can be set according to actual conditions, which will not be elaborated here.
[0037] Example 2
[0038] This embodiment 2 is implemented based on embodiment 1, and further includes at least 3 sets of ultrasonic transducers 30 located on the outer wall of the vessel body 1. The emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer 30 is in close contact with the outer wall of the vessel body 1, and the vibrating ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the interior of the vessel body through the outer wall of the vessel body.
[0039] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducers 30 are arranged in three layers at equal intervals along the height of the vessel body 1. Each layer corresponds to the upper, middle, and lower limits of the reaction liquid level inside the vessel body, respectively. The central angle formed by adjacent ultrasonic transducers 30 in the same layer is 120°. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each group includes three ultrasonic transducers 30 at different heights and on different axes. The three different heights correspond to the upper, middle, and lower limits of the reaction liquid level inside the vessel body 1, respectively. The three ultrasonic transducers 30 at the same height are evenly arranged so that the high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations generated by the ultrasonic transducers 30 are transmitted from the outer wall of the vessel body 1 through the inner wall to its interior, generating uniform vibrations inside the vessel body 1 and producing a strong cavitation effect on the reaction liquid inside the vessel body 1, which destroys the surface structure of the solid particles inside. At the same time, the collapse of cavitation bubbles generates microjets and strong shear forces, which can effectively peel off the material adhering to the inner wall of the vessel body 1 and crush the formed small hard blocks, preventing the material from sticking to the inner wall of the vessel body 1.
[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 30 is provided with an outer shell 31, and the outer shell 31 extends outward to form a connecting plate 310. The surface of the connecting plate 310 is provided with screws 312 that are connected to the outer wall of the vessel body 1. The inner side of the outer shell 31 is provided with a plurality of fixing rods 311 that are connected to the sides of the ultrasonic transducer 30.
[0041] The ultrasonic transducer 30 is connected to the outer wall of the vessel body 1 through the outer shell 31 for easy detachable installation. At the same time, a fixing rod 311 is provided inside the outer shell 31 to connect with the ultrasonic transducer 30, ensuring the stability of the connection between the ultrasonic transducer 30 and the outer shell 31.
[0042] When the ultrasonic transducer 30 is installed, one side of the outer casing 31 is open, so that the emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer 30 is in contact with the outer wall of the vessel body 1. Thus, when it is working, the ultrasonic waves pass through this emitting surface and the vessel wall of the vessel body 1 to enter its interior, causing vibration.
[0043] Example 3
[0044] It also includes scraper 42 and scraper 43 that make segmented contact with the inner wall of the vessel body 1. The length of scraper 42 covers the spacing of the ultrasonic transducers 30 located at the top and bottom, and scraper 43 makes contact with the bottom of the vessel body 1. A stirring shaft 40 is provided at the top of the vessel body 1 and is connected to the output end of the servo motor 41. Scrapers 42 and 43 are connected to the stirring shaft 40 through a connecting rod 44.
[0045] A servo motor 41 mounted on the top of the vessel body 1 provides driving force to the stirring shaft 40, causing the stirring shaft 40 to rotate scraper 1 42 and scraper 2 43. This performs secondary scraping of the material on the straight and curved walls of the vessel body 1, and, in conjunction with the ultrasonic transducer 30, thoroughly removes the material from the inner wall. The length and number of connecting rods 44 can be set according to the specific structure of scraper 1 42 and scraper 2 43, and will not be elaborated here as it is existing technology. The length of scraper 1 42 is limited here to further enhance the anti-adhesion effect of the ultrasonic transducer 30.
[0046] In some preferred embodiments, the scraper 42 is positioned above and close to the annular porous distributor 20. This arrangement aims to prevent the scraper 42 from contacting the annular porous distributor 20 during the scraping process; at the same time, the smaller the distance between them, the greater the scraping range on the straight wall of the vessel body 1.
[0047] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, rare earth materials are fed into the interior of the reactor body 1 through the feed inlet 10. The air inlet pipe 21 injects a large number of air bubbles evenly into the bottom of the reactor body 1 through the annular porous distributor 20, forming a strong air-lift circulation and turbulent disturbance, which suspends and rolls the solid particles such as rare earth carbonate, preventing them from settling and clumping. At the same time, the rising bubbles continuously break and renew the gas-liquid interface, significantly improving the synthesis reaction efficiency and preventing material adhesion and hard scale formation. Finally, the gas is discharged from the exhaust port 12. The ultrasonic transducer 30 is activated to generate a strong cavitation effect on the reaction liquid inside the reactor body 1, destroying the surface structure of the internal solid particles. At the same time, the collapse of cavitation bubbles generates micro-jets and strong shear force, which can effectively peel off the soft scale adhering to the inner wall of the reactor body 1, scraper 42, and scraper 43, preventing it from hardening, and crushing the formed small hard lumps, preventing the material from adhering to the inner wall of the reactor body 1.
[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model and within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds, characterized in that, The gas distribution and injection assembly includes a gas distribution and injection component located at the bottom of the vessel body (1). The gas distribution and injection assembly includes an annular porous distributor (20) and an air inlet pipe (21) that penetrates the vessel wall of the vessel body (1). The two ends of the air inlet pipe (21) are connected to the annular porous distributor (20) and an external gas source, respectively. The top of the annular porous distributor (20) is provided with several uniformly distributed variable diameter nozzles (200). The nozzles (200) are divided into an inlet section (201), a straight mouth section (202) of equal diameter and an outlet section (203) from bottom to top along the vertical axis. The inlet section (201) and the outlet section (203) are both funnel-shaped structures. The straight mouth section (202) has an inner diameter that is consistent with the inner diameter of the bottom end of the inlet section (201) and the inner diameter of the top end of the outlet section (203).
2. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the straight section (202) is provided with multiple grooves (2020).
3. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outlet section (203) is provided with a hydrophobic coating (2030) to prevent crystallization.
4. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the annular porous distributor (20) is provided with an assembly block (13) that is fixed to the inner wall of the vessel body (1).
5. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least three sets of ultrasonic transducers (30) located on the outer wall of the vessel body (1). The emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer (30) is in close contact with the outer wall of the vessel body (1) to transmit the vibrating ultrasonic waves through the outer wall of the vessel body (1) to its interior.
6. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transducers (30) are arranged in three layers at equal intervals along the height direction of the vessel body (1). Each layer corresponds to the upper, middle and lower limits of the reaction liquid surface inside the vessel body (1). The central angle formed by adjacent ultrasonic transducers (30) in the same layer is 120°.
7. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transducer (30) is provided with an outer shell (31). The outer shell (31) extends outward to form a connecting plate (310). The surface of the connecting plate (310) is provided with screws (312) that connect to the outer wall of the vessel body (1). The inner side of the outer shell (31) is provided with multiple fixing rods (311) that connect to the sides of the ultrasonic transducer (30).
8. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a scraper one (42) and a scraper two (43) that are in segmental contact with the inner wall of the vessel body (1). The length of the scraper one (42) covers the spacing of the ultrasonic transducers (30) located at the top and bottom, and the scraper two (43) is in contact with the bottom of the vessel body (1).
9. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the vessel body (1) is provided with a stirring shaft (40) that runs through and is connected to the output end of a servo motor (41). Scraper 1 (42) and scraper 2 (43) are connected to the stirring shaft (40) via a connecting rod (44).
10. The reaction vessel for accelerating the synthesis of rare earth compounds according to claim 8, characterized in that, The scraper (42) is located above the annular porous distributor (20) and close to each other.