Protective de-icing membranes, protective de-icing components and systems, wind turbine blades and wind turbine generator sets

Abstract

This invention provides a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing component and system, wind turbine blades, and a wind turbine generator set. The protective de-icing membrane includes a heating layer and a covering layer. The heating layer includes a heating pipe, a heating medium inlet, and a heating medium outlet. The heating medium enters the heating pipe through the heating medium inlet and exits from the heating pipe through the heating medium outlet. The covering layer covers at least a portion of the heating layer. The protective de-icing membrane according to this invention can improve de-icing efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of de-icing technology, and more specifically, to a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing component and system, wind turbine blades, and wind turbine generator sets. Background Technology

[0002] In low-temperature and high-humidity environments, wind turbine blades and the surface of the space shuttle are prone to icing due to the adhesion of supercooled water droplets or ice crystals in the air.

[0003] Icing on wind turbine blades alters their original airfoil, causing changes in their aerodynamic performance. This leads to increased blade load, affecting wind turbine efficiency and even lifespan. Furthermore, during blade rotation, decreased ice adhesion can cause ice to detach, resulting in operational accidents and posing significant safety hazards to maintenance personnel and the turbine itself. Similarly, icing encountered by the space shuttle during flight disrupts surface flow, increases drag, and can even threaten flight safety.

[0004] Current de-icing technologies include mechanical de-icing, hydrophobic coating anti-icing, hot air heating de-icing, and carbon cloth heating de-icing.

[0005] Mechanical de-icing breaks up ice using mechanical methods, but it is inefficient and labor-intensive. Hydrophobic coating anti-icing involves applying an anti-icing coating to the blade surface to reduce the adhesion of ice to the substrate surface and the amount of ice on the surface. However, the icing environment of blades is complex, and anti-icing coatings cannot completely solve the icing problem. Furthermore, the anti-icing effect will decrease with the extension of service time due to wear.

[0006] Hot air heating de-icing involves installing a heating device inside the wind turbine hub and blowing hot air through warm air channels arranged inside the blades. The hot air circulates inside the blade cavity, and the temperature is transferred to the outer surface of the blades to achieve the purpose of de-icing. However, the heating efficiency is low and it cannot be used for targeted de-icing.

[0007] Electric heating film de-icing involves arranging materials such as carbon cloth, carbon-glass hybrid fabric, graphene film, and carbon nanotube paper within the laminated surface of the blade, then applying electricity to heat the surface for rapid de-icing. However, heating films are expensive, and since they are either pre-embedded in the blade surface during production or applied later, repairs after damage are difficult, and there is a risk of lightning strikes. Utility Model Content

[0008] One objective of this invention is to provide a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing component and system, wind turbine blades, and a wind turbine generator set that can improve de-icing efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

[0009] One objective of this invention is to provide a protective de-icing membrane, protective de-icing components and systems, wind turbine blades, and wind turbine generator sets that can improve damage resistance while achieving efficient de-icing.

[0010] One objective of this invention is to provide a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing assembly and system, wind turbine blades, and wind turbine generator sets that can be adapted to complex curved surfaces.

[0011] One objective of this invention is to provide a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing component and system, wind turbine blades, and a wind turbine generator set that can avoid the risk of lightning strikes.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, a protective de-icing film is provided, the protective de-icing film comprising a heating layer and a covering layer, the heating layer comprising a heating tube, a heating medium inlet and a heating medium outlet, the heating medium entering the heating tube from the heating medium inlet and exiting the heating tube from the heating medium outlet, and the covering layer covering at least a portion of the heating layer.

[0013] Optionally, the covering layer includes an insulating elastomer, and the covering layer completely covers the heating tube.

[0014] Optionally, the heating tube is flexible, and the protective de-icing membrane has a curved shape.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the protective de-icing membrane at both circumferential ends is less than the thickness of the protective de-icing membrane at its center, and / or the thickness of the protective de-icing membrane at both axial ends is less than the thickness of the protective de-icing membrane at its center.

[0016] Optionally, the heating layer is not disposed at both circumferential ends of the protective de-icing membrane, and / or the heating layer is not disposed at both axial ends of the protective de-icing membrane.

[0017] Optionally, the heating medium inlet and the heating medium outlet are located at both ends of the heating tube, and the heating tube is wound into a predetermined shape.

[0018] Optionally, the heating tube is wound in a spiral, meandering, spiral-meandering or mesh shape.

[0019] Optionally, the heating layer has a first side facing the inner surface of the covering layer and a second side facing the outer surface of the covering layer, wherein the distance between the first side of the heating layer and the inner surface of the covering layer is less than the distance between the second side of the heating layer and the outer surface of the covering layer.

[0020] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the coating layer to the heating layer is greater than or equal to 3; and / or the bending radius of the heating tube is 10 to 25 times the outer diameter of the heating tube; and / or the surface of the heating layer in contact with the coating layer is physically modified and / or chemically modified; and / or the heating tube is made of an insulating flexible material, and the coating layer is made of an insulating elastomer.

[0021] Optionally, the heating tube is made of thermoplastic rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, random copolymer polypropylene, polyurethane, or silicone, and the coating layer is made of polyurethane system, silicone rubber system, fluororubber system, polyaspartic polyurea system, silicone sealant system, or a modified system thereof.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a protective de-icing assembly is provided, the protective de-icing assembly comprising: a protective de-icing membrane as described above; and a heating module for supplying a heating medium to the heating tube of the protective de-icing membrane.

[0023] Optionally, the heating module includes a heater for heating the heating medium, a buffer tank for stabilizing the pressure of the heating medium, and a gas-liquid separator for removing liquid from the heating medium.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, a protective de-icing system is provided, the protective de-icing system comprising: the protective de-icing component as described above; a detection module including an icing sensor for detecting signals of temperature and / or ice thickness; and a temperature control module communicatively connected to the detection module and the heating module for receiving signals of temperature and / or ice thickness from the detection module and controlling the start-up or shutdown of the heating module.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wind turbine blade is provided, the wind turbine blade comprising a blade shell and a protective de-icing film as described above, the protective de-icing film covering at least a portion of the outer surface of the blade shell.

[0026] Optionally, the wind turbine blade includes a plurality of protective de-icing films, at least a portion of which covers the leading edge of the blade shell.

[0027] Optionally, the plurality of protective de-icing membranes are arranged along the span of the wind turbine blades.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wind turbine generator set is provided, the wind turbine generator set including the protective de-icing membrane as described above, or the wind turbine generator set including the protective de-icing assembly as described above, or the wind turbine generator set including the protective de-icing system as described above.

[0029] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can improve de-icing efficiency.

[0030] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can improve damage resistance while achieving efficient de-icing.

[0031] The protective de-icing film of this invention can be adapted to application scenarios with complex curved surfaces.

[0032] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can avoid the risk of lightning strikes. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective de-icing film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figures 2 to 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the winding method of the heating tubes in the heating layer.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a protective de-icing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Marker name: 100-protective de-icing membrane, 10-heating layer, 20-coating layer, 11-heating tube, 12-heating medium inlet, 13-heating medium outlet, 1000-fan blade, 1100-leading edge, 1200-tailing edge, 200-heating module, 210-heater, 220-buffer tank, 230-pipeline, 240-gas-liquid separator. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0039] The following will refer to Figures 1 to 5 This invention describes a protective de-icing membrane, a protective de-icing assembly, a protective de-icing system, a wind turbine blade, and a wind turbine generator set according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Protective de-icing film

[0041] Figure 1This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective de-icing film according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 2 to 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the winding method of the heating tubes in the heating layer.

[0042] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the protective de-icing membrane 100 may include a heating layer 10 and a covering layer 20. The heating layer 10 includes a heating tube 11, a heating medium inlet 12 and a heating medium outlet 13. The heating medium enters the heating tube 11 from the heating medium inlet 12 and exits the heating tube 11 from the heating medium outlet 13. The covering layer 20 covers the heating layer 10.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the protective de-icing film 100 may include a heating layer 10 and a covering layer 20. The covering layer 20 covers at least a portion of the heating layer 10. The covering layer 20 can be used to fix and protect the heating layer 10, and the covering layer 20 can form the overall shape of the protective de-icing film 100. For example, the shape of the protective de-icing film 100 can be designed according to the location where it is to be attached, so that the shape of the protective de-icing film 100 is more suitable for the location where it is to be attached.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the heating layer 10 may include a heating tube 11, a heating medium inlet 12, and a heating medium outlet 13. The heating medium enters the heating tube 11 through the heating medium inlet 12 and exits the heating tube 11 through the heating medium outlet 13. As an example, the heating medium inlet 12 and the heating medium outlet 13 are located at both ends of the heating tube 11, and the heating tube 11 is wound into a predetermined shape to form a predetermined winding area.

[0045] According to embodiments of this invention, since the protective de-icing film can be directly applied to areas requiring de-icing and utilizes the heating tube 11 for efficient de-icing, compared to existing technologies such as mechanical de-icing, hydrophobic coating anti-icing, hot air heating de-icing, and carbon cloth heating de-icing, it achieves efficient and uniform heat conduction, improving de-icing efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the covering layer 20 covers the heating layer 10, thus providing a certain degree of protection. Therefore, the protective de-icing film 100 according to this invention can simultaneously achieve both protection and de-icing functions.

[0046] Furthermore, according to embodiments of the present invention, the covering layer 20 may include an insulating elastomer, which may cover the outer side of the heating layer 10. The insulating elastomer provides wear resistance, weather resistance, rain erosion resistance, and sand erosion resistance. Therefore, the protective de-icing film 100 according to embodiments of the present invention can improve damage resistance while achieving efficient de-icing, and can also avoid the risk of lightning strikes. Specifically, the material of the covering layer 20 may be an insulating elastomer.

[0047] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the covering layer 20 can completely cover the heating tube 11. That is, the insulating elastomer can completely cover the heating tube 11, thereby providing comprehensive protection and fixation for the heating layer 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the covering layer 20 completely covers the heating tube 11, but the heating medium inlet 12 and the heating medium outlet 13 extend outward from the covering layer 20 to communicate with the heating module that provides the heating medium.

[0048] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the heating tube 11 can be flexible, thus the protective de-icing film 100 can be formed into a predetermined shape according to the shape requirements of the expected installation component. For example, the heating tube 11 can be bent into a preset mesh structure, then the heating tube 11 can be positioned in a mold, and finally the material forming the covering layer 20 can be poured into the mold through a casting process, for example, thereby forming the protective de-icing film 100 that wraps around and covers the heating layer 10. As an example, the heating tube 11 is made of an insulating flexible material, which is easily deformable while avoiding the risk of lightning strikes.

[0049] According to embodiments of the present invention, the protective de-icing membrane 100 can be formed into a curved shape according to the intended application. According to embodiments of the present invention, the protective de-icing membrane 100 can be applied to the leading edge of a wind turbine blade.

[0050] The leading edge of a wind turbine blade refers to the edge that first contacts the airflow when the blade rotates. When the ambient temperature is below 0°C and the air humidity is high, supercooled water droplets impacting the leading edge of the blade will rapidly condense into ice due to the temperature difference. Furthermore, the leading edge of a wind turbine blade is prone to corrosion and cracking due to long-term airflow impact, leading to changes in airfoil shape and reduced power generation efficiency. When the protective de-icing film 100 of this invention is applied to the leading edge of a wind turbine blade, efficient de-icing and effective protection can be achieved. In addition, although the leading edge of a wind turbine blade has a large bending radius, the heating tube 11 forming the heating layer 10 is flexible, making it easy to form the protective de-icing film 100 into a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the leading edge of the wind turbine blade, thus allowing it to adhere completely to the leading edge. However, the intended application of the protective de-icing film 100 according to embodiments of this invention is not limited to the leading edge of wind turbine blades. For example, the protective de-icing film 100 can also be applied to the upper and lower shells of the wind turbine blade as needed, in which case the protective de-icing film 100 can be formed into a predetermined shape according to the shape of the upper and lower shells. In addition, the protective de-icing film 100 can also be applied to the space shuttle, for example, the leading edge or shell surface of the aircraft.

[0051] The following describes the shape of the protective de-icing membrane 100 when it is attached to a location with a large curvature (e.g., the leading edge of a large fan blade).

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, the protective de-icing membrane 100 is formed into a curved shape with a certain curvature. The size of the curvature is not specifically limited, but can be determined according to the shape of the leading edge of the fan blade. In addition, the protective de-icing membrane 100 can be formed into an integral curved shape with one curvature or into multiple curved segments with multiple curvatures. This utility model does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0053] The protective de-icing film 100 may have two axial ends and two circumferential ends. Figure 1 The two bent ends shown are the circumferential ends. Figure 1 The two ends extending in the direction of the paper surface are the two ends of the axial direction.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the thickness at both circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100 is less than the thickness at its center. Here, "center" refers to the area between the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100. Therefore, the protective de-icing film 100 can smoothly transition to the profile shape of, for example, a wind turbine blade when attached to it. Preferably, the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 gradually decreases from its center towards its circumferential ends, thus allowing the protective de-icing film 100 to have a smoothly transitioned profile. Figure 1 As shown, the protective de-icing membrane 100 can have a crescent-shaped cross-section, which can be tightly attached to the blade surface to minimize aerodynamic impact. As an example, the thickness of the protective de-icing membrane 100 at the middle position is 3mm-6mm, gradually transitioning to 0.2mm-1mm towards both sides (e.g., it can transition to 0.5mm). However, the specific thickness of the protective de-icing membrane 100 is not limited to this and can be determined according to the specific application scenario.

[0055] Additionally, although not shown, according to embodiments of the present invention, the thickness at both axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100 may be less than the thickness at its center. Here, "center" refers to the center located between the axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100. Furthermore, the axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100 may refer to locations other than the circumferential ends. Similarly, by making the thickness at both axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100 less than the thickness at its center, the protective de-icing film 100 can transition to the profile shape of a wind turbine blade when attached to, for example, the leading edge of a wind turbine blade. Preferably, the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 gradually decreases from its center towards its axial ends, thus allowing the protective de-icing film 100 to have a smoothly transitioned profile.

[0056] In other words, optionally, the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 may have a shape that gradually decreases from the center of the protective de-icing film 100 to the surrounding area. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 may be relatively uniform along the axial direction, in which case the transition between the two ends of the axial direction and the attachment position can be made by sealing the edges with glue or paint.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the heating layer 10 may not be located at the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100. Since the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 gradually decreases from its center to its circumferential ends, the thickness at its circumferential ends is relatively small. However, the covering layer 20 needs to have a certain covering thickness. If the heating layer 10 is located at the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100, it may not be able to adequately cover the heating layer 10. Therefore, the heating layer 10 may not be located at the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100; that is, the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film 100 are formed only by the covering layer 20.

[0058] Similarly, when the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 gradually decreases from its center to its axial ends, the heating layer 10 may not be provided at the axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100. However, if the thickness of the protective de-icing film 100 is relatively uniform along the axial direction, the heating layer 10 may also be provided at the axial ends of the protective de-icing film 100.

[0059] To fully utilize the fixing and protective functions of the covering layer 20, the thickness ratio of the covering layer 20 to the heating layer 10 can be greater than or equal to 3. In other words, the heating layer 10 can be set at a position where the thickness ratio of the covering layer 20 to the heating layer 10 is greater than or equal to 3.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the heating layer 10 may have a first side and a second side opposite to each other in the thickness direction (or the radial direction of the curved surface). The covering layer 20 may have an inner surface (i.e., an inner arc surface, or an inner wall) and an outer surface (i.e., an outer arc surface, or an outer wall) opposite to each other in the thickness direction (or the radial direction of the curved surface). The first side of the heating layer 10 faces the inner surface (i.e., the inner arc surface, or the inner wall) of the covering layer 20, and the second side of the heating layer 10 faces the outer surface (i.e., the outer arc surface, or the outer wall) of the covering layer 20. The second side of the heating layer 10 is spaced apart from the outer surface of the covering layer 20 by a certain distance. The distance between the first side of the heating layer 10 and the inner surface of the covering layer 20 is smaller than the distance between the second side of the heating layer 10 and the outer surface of the covering layer 20. That is, the heating layer 10 is disposed within the covering layer 20 close to the inner surface of the covering layer 20, so that the larger thickness of the covering layer 20 is located on the outside of the heating layer 10, thus fully exerting its protective function. As an example, the first side of the heating layer 10 is disposed in close contact with the inner surface of the covering layer 20.

[0061] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this invention, the surface of the heating layer 10 in contact with the coating layer 20 undergoes physical and / or chemical modification to increase the surface energy of the heating layer 10 and improve the bonding force between the heating layer 10 and the coating layer 20. Optionally, the outer surface of the heating tube 11 of the heating layer 10 can be modified using methods such as surface plasma treatment, surface primer, surface grafting modification, mechanical polishing, and flame treatment. According to embodiments of this invention, the heating tube 11 is bent and wound into a predetermined shape between the heating medium inlet 12 and the heating medium outlet 13. According to this invention, the heating tube 11 can be continuously bent multiple times starting from the heating medium inlet 12 to form a regular or irregular microstructure layout, thereby improving heat transfer uniformity.

[0062] Because the winding method and density of the heating tube 11 can be flexibly adjusted, the heating density can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, a higher heating density can be provided by reducing the tube spacing according to the heat load requirements.

[0063] Figures 2 to 4 This is a plan view of the winding method of the heating tube 11, for example, Figures 2 to 4 The vertical direction in the middle can correspond to the axial direction of the protective de-icing film 100. Figures 2 to 4 The heating medium inlet 12 and heating medium outlet 13 shown are arranged adjacent to each other. However, the present invention does not impose specific restrictions on the arrangement of the heating medium inlet 12 and heating medium outlet 13, but can be adjusted according to the actual layout.

[0064] exist Figure 2 In the example, the heating tube 11 is spirally wound. For instance, the heating tube 11 is repeatedly bent in a serpentine pattern from the heating medium inlet 12 to a designated position to form a first heating structure, and then repeatedly bent in a serpentine pattern along the first heating mesh toward the heating medium outlet 13 to form a second heating structure. The first heating structure and the second heating structure together form a microtube structure layout.

[0065] exist Figure 3 In the example, the heating tube is wound in a meandering pattern. For instance, the heating tube 11 is wound in a U-shape from the heating medium inlet 12 to a designated position to form a first heating structure, and then wound in a U-shape along the direction of the first heating structure toward the heating medium outlet 13 to form a second heating structure. The first heating structure and the second heating structure together form a microtube structure layout.

[0066] exist Figure 4 In the example, the heating tube is wound in a spiral pattern. For example, the heating tube 11 extends directly from the heating medium inlet 12 located at one end of the covering layer 20 to the other end of the covering layer 20, and then winds in a serpentine pattern to the heating medium outlet 13 located at one end of the covering layer 20.

[0067] use Figures 2 to 4The winding method of the heating tube 11 in the middle is beneficial to improving heat transfer uniformity and heating effect. However, Figures 2 to 4 The above is merely a preferred example; other winding methods for forming the predetermined shape are also within the scope of this invention. For example, the heating tube 11 can be wound into a mesh. Additionally, Figures 2 to 4 The embodiments can be used in combination with each other.

[0068] In the above example, the bending angle of the heating tube 11 can be varied and is not limited to the angle shown in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in the above example, the heating medium inlet 12 and the heating medium outlet 13 are located at one end of the covering layer 20; however, this invention is not limited to this. For example, the heating medium inlet 12 and the heating medium outlet 13 can be located in the middle of the covering layer 20. In addition, the heating tube 11 can be a round tube or a quadrilateral tube, etc., and this invention does not impose specific limitations on this. Furthermore, the diameter of the heating tube 11 and the spacing between the heating tubes 11 are not specifically limited, but can be adjusted according to the heat load requirements. For example, the spacing between the heating tubes 11 can be 10mm-20mm.

[0069] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the bending radius of the heating tube 11 is 10 to 25 times its outer diameter to achieve a more reasonable winding layout and to avoid damage caused by plastic deformation during bending, thus affecting its lifespan. The bending radius of the heating tube 11 refers to the bending radius of the heating tube 11 during winding. However, the bending radius of the heating tube 11 is not limited to the above value; within the allowable range of the material of the heating tube 11, the bending radius of the heating tube 11 can be adjusted as needed.

[0070] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a connector can be installed at the end of the heating tube 11 to form a heating medium inlet 12 and a heating medium outlet 13 as described above. For example, the connector can be a quick-connect connector, and a silicone sealing ring can be used at the connector to prevent leakage, facilitating quick connection with an external heating module. However, this utility model is not limited thereto.

[0071] According to embodiments of this utility model, the heating element 11 can be made of thermoplastic rubber (TPE, or TPR), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), random copolymer polypropylene (PPR), polyurethane (PU), or silicone. The coating layer 20 can be made of a polyurethane (PU) system, a silicone rubber system, a fluororubber system, a polyaspartic polyurea system, a silicone sealant system, or a modified system thereof. Both the heating element 11 and the coating layer 20 are known materials. Preferably, the heating element 11 is made of thermoplastic rubber (TPE or TPR), and the coating layer 20 is made of a polyurethane (PU) system. In addition to its wear resistance, weather resistance, and sand erosion resistance, the polyurethane (PU) system also exhibits excellent rain erosion resistance. The aforementioned materials for the heating element 11 and the coating layer 20 are all known in the art.

[0072] According to embodiments of this invention, the heating medium can be selected from those with a low freezing point to avoid low-temperature solidification. Preferably, the heating medium can be dry air, an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, an inert gas, etc.

[0073] The following describes, as an example, the manufacturing process of the protective de-icing film 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. First, the heating tube 11 can be wound into a predetermined shape and fixed in a mold. Then, the material for forming the covering layer 20 is poured into the mold to wrap and cover the heating tube 11, and finally, the covering layer 20 is formed. The covering layer 20 can be formed using material forming processes known in the art, depending on the material of the covering layer 20.

[0074] According to this utility model, the overall shape of the protective de-icing film 100 can be designed according to the expected application scenario of the protective de-icing film 100, and a corresponding mold can be designed accordingly.

[0075] The heating tube 11 can be fixed by mold positioning technology, clamp fixing, tape fixing, etc., and this utility model does not impose specific limitations on this. In addition, according to the embodiments of this utility model, the surface of the heating tube 11 can be physically modified and / or chemically modified before winding the heating tube 11.

[0076] wind turbine blades

[0077] An embodiment of this utility model may also provide a fan blade 1000 including the above-described protective de-icing film 100. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the wind turbine blade 1000 may include a blade housing and a protective de-icing film 100 as described above, the protective de-icing film 100 covering at least a portion of the outer surface of the blade housing.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the blade shell may include two half-shells joined together in the blade thickness direction. Furthermore, as... Figure 5As shown, the blade shell may have a leading edge 1100 and a trailing edge 1200 that are opposite each other in the chord direction. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a protective de-icing film 100 may cover the leading edge 1100 to simultaneously achieve the functions of leading edge protection and leading edge de-icing.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine blade 1000 may include a plurality of protective de-icing films 100. The plurality of protective de-icing films 100 may be arranged along the spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade. Figure 5 The image shows three protective de-icing films 100 covering the leading edge 1100; however, the number of protective de-icing films 100 is not limited thereto.

[0080] According to embodiments of this invention, the protective de-icing film 100 can be bonded to the blade shell using adhesives (epoxy, polyurethane, acrylic, silicone). Therefore, the protective de-icing film 100 of this invention is simple to install and has low installation costs.

[0081] Additionally, although not shown, the fan blades 1000 may also include a protective de-icing membrane 100 disposed on one or both of the two half-shells.

[0082] According to embodiments of this invention, multiple protective de-icing films 100 are divided into sections along the spanwise direction of the fan blades to cover the leading edge 1100, ensuring uniform heat transfer, avoiding localized overheating or low-temperature blind spots, and ensuring that damage to one section does not affect the effectiveness of other sections. Furthermore, the sectioned design facilitates better adhesion of the protective de-icing films 100 to the leading edge 1100.

[0083] Protective de-icing components

[0084] This invention can also provide a protective de-icing component. Figure 5 A protective de-icing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the protective de-icing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a protective de-icing membrane 100 as described above; and a heating module 200 for supplying a heating medium to the heating tube 11 of the protective de-icing membrane 100.

[0086] As an example, the heating module 200 may include a heater 210 for heating a heating medium, a buffer tank 220 for stabilizing the pressure of the heating medium, and a gas-liquid separator 240 for removing liquid from the heating medium. The heater 210 heats the heating medium, which then enters the buffer tank 220 for pressure stabilization. The heated medium then enters the heating pipe 11 through the heating medium inlet 12 to heat, for example, the leading edge of a fan blade. The heated medium then enters the gas-liquid separator 240 through the heating medium outlet 13 to remove condensate, and finally re-enters the heater 210 for circulation (e.g., it may be pressurized by a variable frequency fan and then re-enter the heater 210).

[0087] The heating module 200 may also include a pipeline 230 communicating with the buffer tank 220 and the heating medium inlet 12 for supplying the regulated heating medium to the heating medium inlet 12. When multiple protective de-icing membranes 100 are installed, multiple pipelines 230 can be provided to communicate with the heating medium inlets 12 of multiple protective de-icing membranes 100.

[0088] According to an embodiment of this utility model, when the protective de-icing membrane 100 is applied to the wind turbine blade 1000, the heating module 200 can be installed inside the nacelle of the wind turbine generator set, for example, it can be fixed to the inner wall of the nacelle. Since the protective de-icing membrane 100 fixed to the surface of the blade shell does not use conductive materials, there is no risk of lightning strikes, and it can be pasted to a designated location as needed. Therefore, it can solve the problem of lightning strikes while achieving precise de-icing.

[0089] The heat source for heater 210 can be electric heating, waste heat recovery (heat pipe conduction), solar energy, etc., and this utility model does not limit it in this regard. The circulation mode of the heating medium is as follows: heater 210 - buffer tank 220 (pressure stabilizer) - pipeline 230 - heating layer 10 - gas-liquid separator 240 - condensate discharge - return to variable frequency fan - heater 210, forming a closed loop circulation.

[0090] The following describes the circulation process using dry air as the heat transfer medium as an example. Dry air is heated to a set temperature (e.g., 40-50°C) at the outlet of heater 210, and after being pressurized by buffer tank 220, it is transported to heating layer 10 via pipeline 230, where heat is evenly transferred to the covering layer 20 to achieve de-icing. The cooled air returns from the heating medium outlet 13 of heating layer 10, passes through gas-liquid separator 240 to remove condensate, and is then pressurized by a variable frequency fan before re-entering heater 210 for circulation.

[0091] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this invention, the heating power can be dynamically adjusted based on the external ambient temperature and / or the thickness of the ice layer to ensure effective de-icing. Additionally, the flow rate of the heating medium within the heating tube 11 can be controlled to ensure uniform heat transfer and prevent damage to the heating tube 11 due to excessive pressure.

[0092] Protective de-icing system

[0093] Embodiments of this utility model may also provide a protective de-icing system. The protective de-icing system according to an embodiment of this utility model may include: the protective de-icing components as described above; a detection module, including an icing sensor, for detecting signals of temperature and / or ice thickness; and a temperature control module, communicatively connected to the detection module and the heating module, for receiving signals of temperature and / or ice thickness from the detection module and controlling the start-up or shutdown of the heating module 200.

[0094] An icing sensor can be attached to the surface of an object being tested (such as the blade casing of a wind turbine blade) and can detect temperature and / or ice thickness. Ice thickness can indicate an ice thickness of 0 (no ice) or a value greater than 0.

[0095] The icing sensor can communicate with the temperature control module and send temperature and / or ice thickness signals to the temperature control module. The temperature control module can control the start or stop of the heating module 200 based on the temperature and / or ice thickness signals.

[0096] In response to an ambient temperature below freezing or an ice thickness greater than 0, the temperature control module activates the heating system. Specifically, the temperature control module may activate the heater 210 in the protective de-icing assembly. As an example, when the ambient temperature is below freezing, the temperature control module may activate the heating system to prevent icing. Alternatively, as an example, when icing is detected, the temperature control module may activate the heating system to perform de-icing.

[0097] In response to an ambient temperature above freezing or an ice layer thickness of 0, the temperature control module shuts off the heating system. Specifically, the temperature control module may shut off the heater 210 in the protective de-icing assembly. As an example, when the ambient temperature is above freezing and there is no longer a risk of icing, the temperature control module may shut off the heating system. Alternatively, as an example, when an ice layer thickness of 0 is detected and the ice layer has been removed, the temperature control module shuts off the heating system.

[0098] Wind turbine generator set

[0099] Embodiments of this utility model may also provide a wind turbine generator set, which may include the protective de-icing membrane 100 as described above, or the protective de-icing assembly as described above, or the protective de-icing system as described above.

[0100] The protective de-icing film according to the embodiments of this utility model can achieve beneficial technical effects, not limited to those described below.

[0101] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can improve de-icing efficiency.

[0102] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can improve damage resistance while achieving efficient de-icing.

[0103] The protective de-icing film of this invention can be adapted to application scenarios with complex curved surfaces.

[0104] The protective de-icing film according to this utility model can avoid the risk of lightning strikes.

[0105] Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A protective deicing film, characterized by, The protective de-icing membrane (100) includes a heating layer (10) and a covering layer (20). The heating layer (10) includes a heating tube (11), a heating medium inlet (12) and a heating medium outlet (13). The heating medium enters the heating tube (11) from the heating medium inlet (12) and exits the heating tube (11) from the heating medium outlet (13). The covering layer (20) covers at least a portion of the heating layer (10).

2. The protective deicing film of claim 1, wherein, The covering layer (20) includes an insulating elastomer, and the covering layer (20) completely covers the heating tube (11).

3. The protective deicing film of claim 1, wherein, The heating tube (11) is flexible, and the protective de-icing membrane (100) has a curved shape.

4. The protective deicing film of claim 3, wherein, The thickness of the protective de-icing film (100) at both circumferential ends is less than the thickness of the protective de-icing film (100) at its center, and / or the thickness of the protective de-icing film (100) at both axial ends is less than the thickness of the protective de-icing film (100) at its center.

5. The protective deicing film of claim 4, wherein, The heating layer (10) is not located at either of the circumferential ends of the protective de-icing film (100), and / or the heating layer (10) is not located at either of the axial ends of the protective de-icing film (100).

6. The protective deicing film of claim 1, wherein, The heating medium inlet (12) and the heating medium outlet (13) are located at both ends of the heating tube (11), which is wound into a predetermined shape.

7. The protective deicing film of claim 6, wherein, The heating tube (11) is wound in a spiral, meandering, spiral-meandering or mesh shape.

8. The protective deicing film of claim 1, wherein, The heating layer (10) has a first side facing the inner surface of the covering layer (20) and a second side facing the outer surface of the covering layer (20), wherein the distance between the first side of the heating layer (10) and the inner surface of the covering layer (20) is less than the distance between the second side of the heating layer (10) and the outer surface of the covering layer (20).

9. The protective de-icing film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the covering layer (20) to the heating layer (10) is greater than or equal to 3; and / or The bending radius of the heating tube (11) is 10 to 25 times the outer diameter of the heating tube (11); and / or The surface of the heating layer (10) in contact with the covering layer (20) has undergone physical and / or chemical modification; and / or The heating tube (11) is made of an insulating flexible material, and the covering layer (20) is made of an insulating elastomer.

10. The protective de-icing film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating tube (11) is made of thermoplastic rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, random copolymer polypropylene, polyurethane or silicone, and the coating layer (20) is made of polyurethane system, silicone rubber system, fluororubber system, polyaspartic polyurea system, silicone sealant system or their modified systems.

11. A protective de-icing assembly, characterized in that, The protective de-icing component includes: Protective de-icing membrane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A heating module (200) is used to supply heating medium to the heating tube (11) of the protective de-icing membrane (100).

12. The protective de-icing assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The heating module (200) includes a heater (210) for heating the heating medium, a buffer tank (220) for stabilizing the pressure of the heating medium, and a gas-liquid separator (240) for removing liquid from the heating medium.

13. A protective de-icing system, characterized in that, The protective de-icing system includes: The protective de-icing assembly according to claim 11 or 12; The detection module includes an icing sensor for detecting signals of temperature and / or ice thickness; The temperature control module is communicatively connected to the detection module and the heating module (200), and is used to receive signals of temperature and / or ice thickness from the detection module, and control the start-up or shutdown of the heating module (200).

14. A wind turbine blade, characterized in that, The wind turbine blade includes a blade housing and a protective de-icing membrane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the protective de-icing membrane (100) covering at least a portion of the outer surface of the blade housing.

15. The wind turbine blade according to claim 14, characterized in that, The wind turbine blade includes a plurality of protective de-icing films (100), at least a portion of which covers the leading edge (1100) of the blade shell.

16. The wind turbine blade according to claim 15, characterized in that, The plurality of protective de-icing membranes (100) are arranged along the span of the wind turbine blades.

17. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes a protective de-icing membrane (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or the wind turbine generator set includes a protective de-icing assembly according to claim 11 or 12, or the wind turbine generator set includes a protective de-icing system according to claim 13.

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