A safety protection device for photovoltaic power systems

Abstract

This utility model discloses a safety protection device for a photovoltaic power system, comprising: an inverter box, a series cable assembly, and a connector. The series cable assembly includes two end connectors and a middle cable, with a circuit breaker installed outside the cable. Each connector has an aviation male connector and symmetrically arranged lugs on both sides, with lugs and deformation gaps on their surfaces. The connector is located on the surface of the inverter box and includes a female connector, an aviation connector, and wing lugs. The aviation connector is mated to the aviation male connector, and the wing lugs accommodate the lugs and are locked in place by the lugs. The lugs automatically reset after being inserted into the wing lugs through elastic deformation, achieving quick insertion and elastic locking. The deformation gap provides shock absorption, and the circuit breaker has a built-in fuse that automatically cuts off power in case of overcurrent or short-circuit faults, improving system safety. This device features quick insertion / removal, shock-resistant fixing, and electrical protection functions, and is suitable for high-reliability connection scenarios between photovoltaic modules and inverters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power system technology, specifically a safety protection device for photovoltaic power systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale application of photovoltaic power generation systems, distributed and centralized photovoltaic power plants have placed higher demands on the reliability, safety, and ease of maintenance of electrical connection components. In photovoltaic systems, multiple photovoltaic modules typically need to be connected to an inverter through series lines for power conversion. These series lines structurally undertake important functions such as connecting electrodes, transmitting direct current, and forming closed-loop protection, and are a key component for the stable operation of the system.

[0003] In existing photovoltaic systems, most common series connection methods employ traditional through-hole terminal connections or threaded crimp structures. These structures generally suffer from the following typical problems:

[0004] Because outdoor photovoltaic systems are exposed to wind and sun year-round, the joints are prone to loosening due to thermal expansion and contraction, micro-vibrations, or installation misalignments. This can lead to loose connections, increased contact resistance, and consequently overheating or arcing, posing safety hazards. Traditional plug-in structures lack effective anti-loosening and shock-absorbing designs, failing to meet the requirements for high-reliability connections.

[0005] Most series circuits only provide basic electrical connections and lack integrated current protection components. If a short circuit, overload, or component failure occurs, the system cannot quickly disconnect the circuit, potentially causing inverter damage, battery overheating, or even a fire. Existing solutions require additional fuses or circuit breakers in the electrical box, resulting in complex wiring and delayed response.

[0006] In summary, existing series connection circuits used for inverter connections in photovoltaic power systems generally suffer from problems such as high connection structure rigidity, lack of buffer protection, absence of integrated overcurrent protection, and cumbersome disassembly and assembly operations. These issues make it difficult to meet the requirements of system stability and ease of maintenance in high-density, complex environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a dedicated series connection device for photovoltaic power systems with vibration damping, overcurrent and short-circuit protection, quick connection, and flexible locking functions to improve the safety, stability, and maintenance efficiency of system operation. Utility Model Content

[0007] This utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0008] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a safety protection device for a photovoltaic power system, comprising an inverter box, a series cable group, and a connector, wherein: the series cable group includes two connectors and a cable section, the two connectors are interconnected by the cable, and a circuit breaker is installed outside the cable. This structure allows the fuse in the circuit breaker to automatically melt and effectively cut off the current path when a short circuit, overload, or other abnormality occurs in the photovoltaic module or line, preventing equipment damage and system failure. An aviation male connector is fixedly installed on the connector, with arc-shaped lugs on both sides. The lugs have protrusions and several deformation gaps. The lug structure utilizes the elasticity of the material to automatically deform during insertion, achieving adaptive insertion and locking with the connector. After insertion, the protrusions and the slotted holes on the inner wall of the connector form a positioning fit, improving connection stability and providing good shock resistance and buffering performance.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the connector is further configured such that: the connector includes a female connector, an aviation connector, and lugs on both sides; the aviation connector is engaged with an aviation male connector to achieve electrode connection; and the lugs are hollow structures used to accommodate the lugs.

[0010] Specifically, this mating structure enables quick plug-in connection between the connector and the inverter box, and achieves quick locking through the nesting and fixing between the plug lugs and the wing lugs, making it easy to operate and highly reliable.

[0011] In a preferred example, it is further configured as follows:

[0012] The insert ear and the wing ear are arranged in a concentric circle, and the outer diameter of the insert ear matches the inner diameter of the wing ear, which can fit tightly during insertion. The deformation gap gives the insert ear sufficient elasticity.

[0013] Specifically, this design further enhances the tensile strength and locking force between the connector and the mating parts, effectively preventing the connection from loosening or falling off due to vibration, and meeting the requirements for use in harsh outdoor environments.

[0014] In a preferred example, it is further configured as follows:

[0015] The circuit breaker is connected to the connector electrodes via a wiring harness, and the internal fuses correspond one-to-one with each electrode, ensuring that each circuit has independent fuse protection.

[0016] Specifically, this design allows any fault in a line to be identified and disconnected in a timely manner, preventing the entire system from being paralyzed due to a single fault and improving the overall system's security and intelligence.

[0017] In a preferred example, it is further configured as follows:

[0018] The surface of the aviation male connector is provided with a foolproof protrusion structure, and the aviation connector is provided with a corresponding foolproof slot to realize orientation recognition and limit;

[0019] Specifically, the foolproof structure ensures that users can only plug in the correct direction during installation, avoiding problems such as reverse polarity connection and pin damage, thus improving operational safety and product stability.

[0020] In summary, this utility model achieves rapid connection and vibration-resistant locking through a modular connector design and flexible lug structure; it provides efficient overcurrent and short-circuit protection by integrating a circuit breaker and a fuse unit; and it avoids incorrect connection through a foolproof structural design. The overall device boasts significant advantages such as simple structure, quick installation, reliable connection, and comprehensive protection, making it widely applicable to component connection, safety protection, and rapid maintenance scenarios in various photovoltaic power systems.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0022] 1. In this utility model, by setting an elastically deformable lug in the plug structure and forming a flexible contact area at the plug-in part, the shock absorption and protection function is effectively realized; at the same time, a circuit breaker is integrated in the series circuit group and a fuse corresponding to the electrode is configured, which has the ability to quickly cut off the circuit when an overcurrent or short circuit fault occurs, thereby effectively improving the operational safety and electrical protection performance of the photovoltaic system.

[0023] 2. In this utility model, a quick-connect structure that combines aviation male connectors and aviation sockets is adopted, which can realize quick plug-in connection without tools, significantly improving installation and maintenance efficiency; at the same time, the structural cooperation between the plug ear and the wing ear, combined with the interlocking relationship between the lug and the sleeve groove, can realize automatic alignment and elastic locking, ensuring a firm and reliable connection and effectively avoiding the risk of loosening or poor connection of the joint. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the serial line group and connector structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a serial line group structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a connector structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 100. Inverter box;

[0030] 200. Series connector; 210. Connector; 220. Aviation connector; 230. Lug; 211. Cable; 212. Circuit breaker; 231. Lug; 232. Deformation gap;

[0031] 300. Connector; 310. Female connector; 320. Aviation connector; 330. Lug. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0033] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0034] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of a photovoltaic power system safety protection device provided by this utility model.

[0035] Combination Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a safety protection device for a photovoltaic power system, including an inverter box 100, a series cable group 200, and a connector 300. This device is used to reliably and safely introduce the DC power output from multiple photovoltaic modules into the inverter box, achieving functions such as quick connection, flexible locking, overcurrent and short-circuit protection, and shock absorption.

[0036] In this embodiment, the inverter box 100 is a common outdoor inverter equipment housing, and its surface is fitted with a connector 300. The connector 300 cooperates with the series cable group 200 to form a pluggable electrical connection structure. The series cable group 200 includes connectors 210 at both ends and a cable 211 in the middle, and the connectors 210 at both ends are connected by the cable 211. A circuit breaker 212 is provided on the outside of the cable 211 to provide fuse protection against overcurrent or short-circuit faults in the line, thereby improving electrical safety performance. An aviation male connector 220 is fixedly installed on the surface of each connector 210. The aviation male connector 220 is a conventional cylindrical plug-in port used for mating with the aviation connector 320 in the connector 300. The aviation male connector 220 has symmetrical lugs 230 on both sides. The lugs 230 are arc-shaped plate structures with protrusions 231 for limiting and locking on their outer surface, and several staggered deformation gaps 232 are provided. The lugs 230, protrusions 231 and deformation gaps 232 are integrally formed structures and have material elasticity to provide elastic deformation capability during the insertion of the connector 300, thereby realizing locking positioning and shock absorption functions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the connector 300 includes a female connector 310, an aviation connector 320, and lugs 330 fixed to both sides of the aviation connector 320. The aviation connector 320 is mated with the aviation male connector 220 to achieve electrode docking. The lugs 330 are hollow arc-shaped structures, and their inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the lugs 230, used to accommodate the lugs 230 and achieve limiting and locking. The inner side of the lugs 330 is also provided with multiple sleeve grooves for engaging with the lugs 231 on the lugs 230 to prevent the connector 210 from loosening during operation.

[0038] During the insertion process, the user can insert the aviation male connector 220 of the connector 210 into the coupling 300 on the surface of the inverter box 100. During insertion into the lug 330, the lug 230 undergoes elastic deformation due to radial pressure. After insertion, the lug 231 automatically pops out and embeds into the sleeve groove of the lug 330, thus locking and fixing the connector 210. Simultaneously, the elastic contact between the lug 230 and the lug 330 absorbs mechanical vibration, providing shock absorption protection.

[0039] Furthermore, the deformation gap 232 is a slit structure distributed on the surface of the ear 230, which gives the ear 230 good elasticity, allowing it to automatically move aside during insertion and automatically restore its shape during removal, ensuring smooth insertion and disassembly processes.

[0040] To enhance connection direction recognition and prevent incorrect insertion, such as Figure 4 As shown, the surface of the aviation male connector 220 is provided with a foolproof protrusion structure. This structure has a unique shape and a fixed position. Correspondingly, the surface of the aviation connector 320 is provided with a slot that matches the foolproof protrusion structure, ensuring that it can only be inserted in the correct direction during insertion, avoiding problems such as reverse polarity or structural damage caused by incorrect direction.

[0041] In terms of circuit breaker protection, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner side of cable 211 is provided with several wire harnesses connected to the electrodes of aviation connector 220. The circuit breaker 212 has a fuse structure corresponding to each wire harness. When an abnormal current occurs in the system (such as short circuit or overload), the corresponding fuse can melt in a very short time, cutting off the fault path, effectively preventing arcing, cable overheating and inverter damage, and improving the overall operational safety of the system.

[0042] In summary, this specific embodiment supports all the structural points and technical features involved in the claims, and fully realizes functions such as quick plug-in, flexible locking, shock absorption and buffering, and overcurrent and short circuit protection, making it suitable for high-reliability electrical connection scenarios in various outdoor photovoltaic power station systems.

[0043] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0044] Users can align the aviation male connector 220 on the series cable group 200 with the aviation connector 320 on the inverter box 100. During insertion, the connector 210 drives the lug 230 to insert axially into the inner side of the lug 330 of the connector 300, achieving electrode docking between the aviation male connector 220 and the aviation connector 320. The entire insertion process requires no screwing or auxiliary tools, enabling quick and precise alignment, effectively improving assembly efficiency, and is suitable for outdoor high-frequency construction scenarios. The lug 230 has a flexible arc-shaped structure with a lug 231 and an interlaced deformation gap 232 on its outer surface. When inserted into the lug 330, the lug 230 undergoes elastic deformation under pressure, and the lug 231 automatically engages with the sleeve groove on the lug 330 after being inserted to the designated position, achieving self-locking. This structure requires no threads or tools for tightening, has good vibration resistance and holding force, and is suitable for the seismic resistance and electrical stability connection requirements of photovoltaic power plants during long-term operation.

[0045] After the ear 230 is engaged with the wing ear 330, due to the elasticity of the material and the setting of the deformation gap 232, the connector 210 can form elastic contact with the outer shell of the inverter box 100, which can absorb micro-vibration and suppress loosening of the connector, thereby effectively improving the service life and operational reliability of the connection structure in outdoor wind vibration and mechanical disturbance environments.

[0046] The series circuit breaker 212 is installed in the series circuit breaker 200. It has a fuse inside that corresponds to the internal electrode of the aviation connector 220. When the circuit is overcurrent or short-circuited due to a fault, the fuse can cut off the circuit in a very short time to prevent damage to the inverter, solar panel and personnel and equipment, and achieve one-time fast power outage protection.

[0047] During disassembly, the user can slightly twist the connector 210 in the direction of pull-out, causing the ear 230 to deform under the action of external force, and the lug 231 to disengage from the sleeve groove in the wing ear 330. Then the entire connector assembly can be pulled out, achieving quick unlocking and non-destructive disassembly.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power system safety shield, comprising: include: Inverter box (100), series wiring group (200) and connector (300) arranged on the surface of inverter box (100); The series cable group (200) includes a cable (211) and two plugs (210), the two plugs (210) are connected by the cable (211), and the surface of the cable (211) is provided with a circuit breaker (212); The connector (210) is fixedly mounted with an aviation male connector (220). The aviation male connector (220) has lugs (230) on both sides. The lugs (230) have protrusions (231) on their surfaces and deformation gaps (232) on their surfaces. The connector (300) includes a female connector (310), an aviation connector (320), and lugs (330) fixed on both sides of the aviation connector (320). The aviation connector (320) is adapted to the aviation male connector (220) for electrode connection.

2. The photovoltaic power system safety shield of claim 1, wherein, The lug (230) and the wing (330) are both arc-shaped plate structures, respectively distributed on the concentric circumference of the aviation male connector (220) and the aviation connector (320). The outer diameter of the lug (230) is the same as the inner diameter of the wing (330), and is used for the lug (230) to be inserted into the inner side of the wing (330) for positioning.

3. The photovoltaic power system safety shield of claim 1, wherein, The surface of the insert (230) is provided with a protruding lug (231), and the inner side of the wing lug (330) is provided with a sleeve groove that matches the protruding lug (231) for position locking.

4. The photovoltaic power system safety shield of claim 1, wherein, The deformation gaps (232) are distributed on the surface of the lug (230) in an interlaced manner. The lug (230), deformation gaps (232) and lug (231) are integrally formed structures and have material elasticity.

5. The photovoltaic power system safety shield of claim 1, wherein, The inner side of the cable (211) is provided with several wire harnesses that are connected to the internal electrodes of the aviation connector (220). The circuit breaker (212) is provided with fuses that are connected to each of the wire harnesses to realize circuit overcurrent protection.

6. The photovoltaic power system safety shield of claim 1, wherein, The surface of the aviation male connector (220) is provided with a foolproof protrusion structure, and the surface of the aviation connector (320) is provided with a slot adapted to the foolproof protrusion structure, which is used to realize the error-proof identification and limiting positioning of the insertion direction.

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