A stacked gate laser secondary injection repair device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of stacked grid laser secondary injection repair equipment, comprising: conveyor belt;Feeding assembly, feeding assembly includes first feeding mechanism and second feeding mechanism in power-off state available;First double laser assembly;Second double laser assembly;Carrying assembly;Rotary table;Feeding assembly, rotary table, discharging assembly are sequentially arranged, and carrying assembly is located in the side of rotary table, to realize the position switching of product between conveyor belt and rotary table.The utility model can be applicable to different sizes of battery piece, and the action contact time of laser and battery piece is increased by four times positioning of different sizes of battery piece by laser, and ohmic contact is better, current is increased, silver silicon microcrystalline is promoted to form, junction is fully fired, and the filling factor of battery piece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery processing technology, and in particular to a device for repairing stacked grids by laser secondary injection. Background Technology

[0002] Current laser repair technology for tandem solar cells utilizes the conduction mechanism of traditional high-temperature sintered metallized ohmic contacts, with direct conduction via silver-silicon microcrystals dominating, supplemented by various types of tunneling-type indirect conduction. From an electrochemical perspective, the construction of direct conduction channels requires Ag+ dissolved in the glass during sintering to gain sufficient electrons for reduction and formation of silver-silicon microcrystals. Existing laser repair technologies for tandem solar cells have the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Insufficient Ag-Si bonding makes it difficult to form silver silicon microcrystals, resulting in high resistance and poor process efficiency.

[0004] 2. In terms of processing control, multiple areas cannot be processed; only the entire surface can be processed. During processing, the processing area is large, resulting in insufficient instantaneous current intensity within the entire area and incomplete sintering. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a grid-mounted laser secondary injection repair device, which is applicable to solar cells of different sizes. It uses laser to perform four positioning operations on solar cells of different sizes, increasing the contact time between the laser and the solar cell, improving ohmic contact, increasing current, promoting the formation of silver-silicon microcrystals, ensuring sufficient sintering, and improving the fill factor of the solar cell.

[0006] The embodiments of this utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A laser secondary injection repair device for stacked grids includes:

[0008] A conveyor belt, comprising a plurality of feeding belt units;

[0009] The feeding assembly includes a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism that is available in the power-off state; both the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism are provided with a feeding and storage unit;

[0010] The feeding assembly includes a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism that is available in the power-off state; both the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism are provided with a feeding storage unit;

[0011] The first dual-laser assembly includes a first sintering mechanism and at least two first lasers. The first sintering mechanism includes a first lifting unit and a first pressing structure with a plurality of first probes. The lifting end of the first lifting unit drives the first pressing structure to move up and down.

[0012] The second dual-laser assembly includes a second sintering mechanism and at least two second lasers. The second sintering mechanism includes a second lifting unit and a second pressing structure with a plurality of second probes. The lifting end of the second lifting unit drives the second pressing structure to move up and down.

[0013] A transport assembly, comprising a transport X-axis moving mechanism and at least two liftable transport suction cups, wherein the moving end of the transport X-axis moving mechanism can drive the at least two transport suction cups to move in the X-axis direction;

[0014] A turntable, the turntable being provided with a voltage loading terminal and several turntables for placing batteries, the first dual-laser assembly being located above one of the turntables, and the second dual-laser assembly being located above the other turntable;

[0015] The feeding assembly, the turntable, and the unloading assembly are arranged in sequence, and the conveying assembly is located on one side of the turntable to realize the switching of the product's position between the conveyor belt and the turntable.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a batch feeding mechanism and a batch unloading mechanism are further provided on the front side of the feeding assembly;

[0017] Both the batch feeding mechanism and the batch unloading mechanism include an inclined hopper and a drive unit, wherein the drive unit causes the inclined hopper to tilt to collect materials or tilt to unload materials.

[0018] The batch feeding mechanism, the batch unloading mechanism, the first feeding mechanism, the second feeding mechanism, the first unloading mechanism, and the second unloading mechanism all include a cutting Y-axis moving unit and a cutting suction cup.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the first pressing structure includes at least two first pressing units, each of which includes at least two rows of staggered first probes.

[0020] The second pressing structure includes at least two second pressing units, each of which includes at least two rows of staggered second probes.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a visual positioning component comprising at least four detection cameras.

[0022] A method for enhancing and repairing stacked gratings using secondary laser injection includes the following steps:

[0023] Step S10: Confirm product dimensions, confirm the sample, and confirm whether the light spot has changed;

[0024] Step S20, Equipment debugging;

[0025] Step S30: Divide the product into four equal parts, perform laser positioning on the product, and control the first laser or / and the second laser to calibrate the laser positioning of each of the four equal parts once.

[0026] Step S40: Test voltage and power parameters, apply voltage to the product, and control the first laser and / or the second laser to emit laser beams to repair and burn-in the corresponding area of ​​the product.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S10, confirming whether the light spot has changed includes whether the size and shape of the light spot are intact and whether the light spot is within the standard range.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S10, if a change in the light spot is detected, the laser parameters are adjusted in a timely manner.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, step S20, the device debugging specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Step S201: Adjust the feeding and unloading storage units to ensure that the conveying suction cups can pick up the wafers normally;

[0031] Step S202: Adjust the feed belt unit pitch to ensure the product reaches the designated position before correcting the deviation.

[0032] Step S203: Adjust the first probe and the second probe to ensure that the first probe and the second probe press against the main gate of the product each time they are pressed down.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, in step S30, before laser positioning of the product, coarse positioning is performed, and the detection camera is controlled to visually position each of the four equal parts of the area once.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the voltage range is 10V-17V.

[0035] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0036] This invention is applicable to solar cells of different sizes. By performing four laser positioning operations on solar cells of different sizes, the contact time between the laser beam and the solar cell is increased, resulting in better ohmic contact, promoting the formation of silver silicon microcrystals, increasing current, ensuring sufficient sintering, and improving the fill factor of the solar cell. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a grating laser secondary injection repair device provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 A top view of a grating laser secondary injection repair device provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the handling assembly provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the first sintering mechanism and the second sintering mechanism provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the turntable provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Icons: 1. Conveyor belt; 2. First feeding mechanism; 3. Second feeding mechanism; 4. Feeding and storage unit; 5. First unloading mechanism; 6. Second unloading mechanism; 7. Unloading and storage unit; 8. First laser; 9. First pressing structure; 10. First probe; 11. First lifting unit; 12. Second laser; 13. Second pressing structure; 14. Second probe; 15. Second lifting unit; 16. Transport X-axis moving mechanism; 17. Transport suction cup; 18. Turntable; 19. Turntable; 20. Detection camera; 21. Inclined hopper; 22. Drive unit; 23. Cutting Y-axis moving unit; 24. Cutting suction cup; 26. Batch feeding mechanism; 27. Batch unloading mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better understand and implement this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Example

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6A cascaded laser secondary injection repair device includes: a conveyor belt 1, which includes several feeding belt units; a feeding assembly, which includes a first feeding mechanism 2 and a second feeding mechanism 3 that is available in a power-off state; both the first feeding mechanism 2 and the second feeding mechanism 3 are provided with feeding storage units 4; a discharging assembly, which includes a first discharging mechanism 5 and a second discharging mechanism 6 that is available in a power-off state; both the first discharging mechanism 5 and the second discharging mechanism 6 are provided with discharging storage units 7; a first dual-laser assembly, which includes at least two first lasers 8 and a first sintering mechanism, the first sintering mechanism including a first lifting unit 11 and a first pressing structure 9 provided with several first probes 10, the lifting end of the first lifting unit 11 driving the first pressing structure 9 to move up and down; and a second dual-laser assembly, which includes at least two first lasers 8 and a first sintering mechanism, the first sintering mechanism including a first lifting unit 11 and a first pressing structure 9 provided with several first probes 10, the lifting end of the first lifting unit 11 driving the first pressing structure 9 to move up and down; and a second dual-laser assembly, which includes at least two first lasers 8 and a first pressing structure 9 provided with several first probes 10. The system includes two second lasers 12 and a second sintering mechanism. The second sintering mechanism includes a second lifting unit 15 and a second pressing structure 13 with several second probes 14. The lifting end of the second lifting unit 15 drives the second pressing structure 13 to move up and down. The system also includes a transport assembly, which includes a transport X-axis moving mechanism 16 and at least two liftable transport suction cups 17. The moving end of the transport X-axis moving mechanism 16 can drive at least two transport suction cups 17 to move in the X-axis direction. The system also includes a turntable 18, which is equipped with a voltage loading end and several turntables 19 for placing batteries. The first dual laser assembly is located above one turntable 19, and the second dual laser assembly is located above the other turntable 19. The system is further divided into a loading assembly, a turntable 18, and an unloading assembly, which are arranged in sequence. The transport assembly is located on one side of the turntable 18 to enable the product to switch positions between the conveyor belt 1 and the turntable 18.

[0049] Preferably, the front side of the feeding assembly is further provided with a batch feeding mechanism 26 and a batch unloading mechanism 27;

[0050] Both the batch feeding mechanism 26 and the batch unloading mechanism 27 include an inclined hopper 21 and a drive unit 22. The drive unit 22 causes the inclined hopper 21 to tilt to collect materials or tilt to unload materials.

[0051] The batch feeding mechanism 26, the batch unloading mechanism 27, the first feeding mechanism 2, the second feeding mechanism 3, the first unloading mechanism 5, and the second unloading mechanism 6 also include a cutting Y-axis moving unit 23 and a cutting suction cup 24.

[0052] Preferably, the first pressing structure 9 includes at least two first pressing units, and each first pressing unit includes at least two rows of staggered first probes 10;

[0053] The second pressing structure 13 includes at least two second pressing units, each of which includes at least two rows of staggered second probes 14.

[0054] Preferably, it also includes a visual positioning component, which includes at least four detection cameras 20.

[0055] A method for enhancing and repairing stacked gratings using secondary laser injection includes the following steps:

[0056] Step S10: Confirm product dimensions, confirm the sample, and confirm whether the light spot has changed;

[0057] Step S20, Equipment debugging;

[0058] Step S30: Divide the product into four equal parts, perform laser positioning on the product, and control the first laser 8 or / and the second laser 12 to calibrate the laser positioning of each of the four equal parts once.

[0059] Step S40: Test voltage and power parameters. After applying voltage to the product, control the first laser 8 and / or the second laser 12 to emit laser beams to repair and burn-in the corresponding area of ​​the product.

[0060] Preferably, in step S10, confirming whether the light spot has changed includes confirming whether the size and shape of the light spot are intact and whether the light spot is within the standard range.

[0061] Preferably, in step S10, if a change in the light spot is detected, the laser parameters are adjusted in a timely manner.

[0062] Preferably, in step S20, the equipment debugging specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] Step S201: Adjust the feeding storage unit 4 and the unloading storage unit 7 to ensure that the transfer suction cup 17 can pick up the wafer normally;

[0064] Step S202: Adjust the feed belt unit pitch to ensure the product reaches the designated position before correcting the deviation.

[0065] Step S203: Adjust the first probe 10 and the second probe 14 to ensure that the first probe 10 and the second probe 14 press down on the product main gate each time.

[0066] Preferably, in step S30, before laser positioning of the product, coarse positioning is performed, and the detection camera 20 is controlled to visually position each of the four equal parts of the area once.

[0067] Preferably, the voltage range is 10V-17V.

[0068] The working principle of this utility model:

[0069] The phosphorus-doped n+ / n-Poly surface of the solar cell is electron-rich, which is conducive to the reduction of Ag+ to form silver silicon microcrystals; while the boron-doped p+ / p-Poly surface is electron-deficient, which is not conducive to the reduction of Ag+ to form silver silicon microcrystals. In this embodiment, laser charge carriers (electrons) can be injected to compensate for the lack of electrons on the surface, promote the reduction of Ag+ to silver silicon microcrystals, and generate a thermal effect: under the guidance of bias voltage, photogenerated charge carriers form a local high-density current, which generates heat and promotes local Ag-Si interdiffusion, forming an AgSix alloyed contact with extremely low resistance, thereby reducing the impact of resistance on the repair of the laser cell.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, conveyor belt 1 transports cells from left to right. The cells to be processed pass sequentially through batch loading mechanism 26, batch unloading mechanism 27, first loading mechanism 2, and second loading mechanism 3. The transport assembly transfers the cells on conveyor belt 1 behind the second loading mechanism 3 to turntable 19. Turntable 18 drives turntable 19 to rotate, causing different turntables 19 to rotate sequentially. The cells are positioned by inspection camera 20, first laser 8, and second laser 12, and then processed and repaired by the first laser 8 and second laser 12. After laser repair, the cells are transported by the transport assembly to conveyor belt 1 below the first unloading mechanism 5. Conveyor belt 1 transports cells along the transport direction. A copper plate fixture can be installed on turntable 19, which can be connected to an external electrical connection terminal located at the bottom of turntable 18. In this embodiment, in addition to the copper plate fixture, other connecting elements can be selected to achieve the electrical connection between the two poles of the battery. The batch feeding mechanism 26 and the batch unloading mechanism 27 can batch feed and unload battery cells. When an abnormality occurs during processing, the batch unloading mechanism 27 can be activated to unload the battery cells on the conveyor belt 1. After processing resumes normal operation, the batch feeding mechanism 26 can be used for batch feeding. In addition, the second feeding mechanism 3 can be set to start during power outages or offline processes, which can delay feeding. Similarly, the second unloading mechanism 6 can also delay unloading, so as to ensure the continuity of the overall processing process and the normal operation of the processing process, and avoid damage to equipment or products caused by instantaneous power outages or other abnormal offline processes. The drive unit 22 can cause the tilting hopper 21 to move horizontally, rise and fall, and tilt. The tilting hopper 21 can approach the feeding belt unit. When the feeding belt unit moves the battery cells, the drive unit 22 drives the tilting hopper 21 to move to one side of the feeding belt unit, and tilts the opening to connect with the feeding belt unit, so that the corresponding battery cells fall into the tilting hopper 21. The tilting hopper 21 is located below the batch feeding mechanism 26 and / or the batch unloading mechanism 27. Part of the tilting hopper 21 can pass between two adjacent feeding belt units, thereby intercepting and collecting the battery cells.

[0071] The products mentioned above refer to solar cells or silicon wafers, primarily used for laser processing of crystalline silicon solar cells. PERC, TOPCON, HJT, and XBC solar cells are all compatible. Processing sizes are not limited to half-cells or full-cell cells, ranging from 156*156mm to 230*230mm. The main half-cell dimensions are 182*91mm to 230*105mm, but other sizes are also usable. The repair process is compatible with various cell types, including PERC, TOPCon, HJT, and IBC, and supports SMBB and OBB processes. Four lasers (two first lasers (8 units) and two second lasers (12 units) process the solar cells, employing either continuous or pulsed lasers. The optical system is adaptable to various optical schemes, with light source wavelengths in the 355-1080nm range, particularly meeting process requirements in the 450-1080nm range. In this embodiment, both the first laser 8 and the second laser 12 can adopt an infrared continuous laser scheme, with the main wavelength range of 750-1400 nm. They can also be combined with a green laser scheme, with the green laser wavelength range of 500-570 nm. Four lasers are used for processing, and the wavelength range of 355-1080 nm is sufficient. The power is 10-500W, and the laser processing area is less than 280*280mm, which can cover all cell sizes on the market, including half-cell and full-cell sizes. It is also compatible with ultraviolet lasers: the equipment is compatible with pulsed lasers or continuous lasers, and is also compatible with laser beam splitting schemes. The lasers have power feedback functions and can be used for component welding processes of PERC, TOPCON, HJT, and XBC.

[0072] This embodiment can process circular, rectangular, and strip-shaped light spots, and can be customized according to application needs. The smallest light spot range is 20*20um, and the light spot for this application is 80*80um-150*150um, with the largest light spot reaching 2*2mm.

[0073] This embodiment uses four inspection cameras 20 to perform visual calibration and coarse positioning of the battery cells, and two first lasers 8 and two second lasers 12 to perform laser calibration and fine positioning of the battery cells. This increases the contact time between the laser and the battery cells, resulting in better ohmic contact, increased current, and more complete sintering, thereby improving the fill factor of the battery cells and reducing the impact of the resistance on the battery cells in subsequent processes on laser battery repair.

[0074] In step S10, before confirming the sample template, first determine the dimensions of the solar cells, including full-size cells and half-size cells. Line scanning or area scanning can be selected. Line scanning involves the laser and the screen grid lines aligning, offering the advantage of faster CT (work efficiency / production cycle). Area scanning increases the contact between the laser and the solar cell, better exciting charge carriers and improving cell conversion efficiency and fill factor. Also, confirm whether the laser spot has changed, whether the current spot size is intact, and whether it is within the standard range; if changes occur, adjustments must be made promptly.

[0075] In step S20, a material box can be set to load battery cells and an air knife. The material box and air knife are adjusted, and the air knife can remove dust to ensure that the suction cup can properly pick up the battery cells. The conveyor belt step distance and the correction clamp can be adjusted. In this embodiment, a correction clamp can be set, which can be equipped with telescopic rollers to guide the battery cell correction position. It is used to correct the battery cell deviation and ensure that the product reaches the designated position before correction. The first probe 10 and the second probe 14 are adjusted to ensure that the corresponding first probe 10 or / and second probe 14 can press the main grid of the battery cell with each press.

[0076] In step S30, the inspection camera 20 is used to photograph and position the solar cell, and the mark points are marked with a marker. The camera hardware is adjusted to ensure that each camera can capture the mark point and display it in the image, that is, each mark point is located at a designated position within the corresponding four-part area. Each part area corresponds to one mark point. This embodiment can also be compatible with edge-grabbing positioning. It can be used for laser injection enhancement and repair of half-cell or full-cell stacked grid solar cells of photovoltaic crystalline silicon cells (TOPCON / HJT / XBC). This equipment greatly improves the production efficiency of stacked grid solar cells, and the overall product yield and stability can be improved through this process.

[0077] In step S40, before prototyping, the required laser parameters (first laser 8 and / or second laser 12) are tested and determined. A suitable voltage can be selected from the voltage range of 10V-17V. The power of the first laser 8 and the second laser 12 is tested with a power meter, and a 50W laser can be selected. The marking parameters are as follows: the marking speed is generally 80000mm / s, and the jump speed and delay are adjusted according to the actual situation. The laser parameters include the parameters of the first laser 8 and the second laser 12, including jump speed, power, frequency, pulse, etc. In this embodiment, even if the processing area is large, the instantaneous current intensity of the entire area is ensured to be sufficiently large after four laser positioning calibrations.

[0078] The technical means disclosed in this utility model are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for secondary laser injection repair of stacked grids, characterized in that, include: A conveyor belt, comprising a plurality of feeding belt units; The feeding assembly includes a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism that is available in the power-off state; both the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism are provided with a feeding and storage unit; The feeding assembly includes a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism that is available in the power-off state; both the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism are provided with a feeding storage unit; The first dual-laser assembly includes a first sintering mechanism and at least two first lasers. The first sintering mechanism includes a first lifting unit and a first pressing structure with a plurality of first probes. The lifting end of the first lifting unit drives the first pressing structure to move up and down. The second dual-laser assembly includes a second sintering mechanism and at least two second lasers. The second sintering mechanism includes a second lifting unit and a second pressing structure with a plurality of second probes. The lifting end of the second lifting unit drives the second pressing structure to move up and down. A transport assembly, comprising a transport X-axis moving mechanism and at least two liftable transport suction cups, wherein the moving end of the transport X-axis moving mechanism can drive the at least two transport suction cups to move in the X-axis direction; A turntable, the turntable being provided with a voltage loading terminal and several turntables for placing batteries, the first dual-laser assembly being located above one of the turntables, and the second dual-laser assembly being located above the other turntable; The feeding assembly, the turntable, and the unloading assembly are arranged in sequence, and the conveying assembly is located on one side of the turntable to realize the switching of the product's position between the conveyor belt and the turntable.

2. The grating laser secondary injection repair device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front side of the feeding assembly is also provided with a batch feeding mechanism and a batch unloading mechanism. Both the batch feeding mechanism and the batch unloading mechanism include an inclined hopper and a drive unit, wherein the drive unit causes the inclined hopper to tilt to collect materials or tilt to unload materials. The batch feeding mechanism, the batch unloading mechanism, the first feeding mechanism, the second feeding mechanism, the first unloading mechanism, and the second unloading mechanism all include a cutting Y-axis moving unit and a cutting suction cup.

3. The grating laser secondary injection repair device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first pressing structure includes at least two first pressing units, and each first pressing unit includes at least two rows of staggered first probes; The second pressing structure includes at least two second pressing units, each of which includes at least two rows of staggered second probes.

4. The grating laser secondary injection repair device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a visual positioning component, which comprises at least four detection cameras.

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