A potato sorting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of potato sorting devices, a plurality of parallel roller is equipped on main support frame, soft sleeve is covered on roller surface, adjacent roller spacing gradually increases along conveying direction, first groove and second groove are equipped below roller and are respectively connected with first slide and second slide.Vibrating mechanism is installed on auxiliary support frame, it is driven connecting rod by crank rotation to make column connecting piece reciprocating motion, guide pillar is slidably matched with buffer spring in shaft cylinder to realize the vibration of main support frame, guide pillar and guide sleeve ensure vibration trajectory accurate.Potato is conveyed along roller under the vibration assistance when sorting operation, size classification is realized by gradually increasing roller gap, smaller potato falls into first groove first, larger potato continues to be conveyed to second groove.The device realizes efficient low-damage sorting by the synergistic effect of spacing classification, soft sleeve buffering, vibration assistance and spring buffering, improves sorting efficiency, reduces potato damage rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sorting device technology, and in particular to a potato sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] Potato sorting is a crucial link in the potato industry chain, directly impacting planting efficiency and subsequent processing quality. During the planting stage, seed potato size sorting is particularly critical; uniform seed potato size ensures planting quality and consistent emergence, significantly affecting the final yield. In the harvesting and processing stages, potatoes need to be precisely graded according to size, quality, and other characteristics into different categories such as seed potatoes, edible potatoes, and processing potatoes to meet diverse market demands. Traditional manual sorting methods rely mainly on visual inspection and manual sorting, which is not only inefficient and labor-intensive but also lacks standardized sorting criteria, easily leading to inconsistent sorting accuracy due to human factors.

[0003] To improve sorting efficiency, semi-mechanized sorting devices have gradually been applied. These devices typically use conveyor belts combined with manual sorting. While this reduces labor intensity to some extent, the limited mechanization leads to problems such as potato accumulation and collisions during transport, resulting in a high rate of mechanical damage. Fully mechanized vibrating sorting devices use vibrating screens for sorting, significantly improving efficiency. However, the lack of effective cushioning design means that the impact force generated during vibration easily damages the potato skin, especially for varieties with larger tubers or thinner skins. In recent years, machine vision sorting technology has become a research hotspot due to its non-contact and high-precision characteristics. However, this technology has high requirements for hardware and algorithms, resulting in expensive equipment. Furthermore, it is sensitive to environmental conditions such as lighting and cleanliness, making large-scale promotion in ordinary agricultural production difficult. Therefore, developing a cost-effective potato sorting device that can effectively reduce sorting damage is of great significance for improving potato sorting efficiency and quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a potato sorting device to solve the technical problems of high mechanical damage rate of potatoes and high cost of machine vision sorting equipment that are difficult to popularize in existing sorting devices.

[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model can be achieved by the following solutions: A potato sorting device, characterized in that it includes a main support frame and an auxiliary support frame; Several parallel rollers for conveying potatoes are rotatably mounted on the main support frame. Each roller is covered with a soft sleeve, and the distance between adjacent rollers gradually increases along the potato conveying direction. The main support frame is fixedly provided with a first groove and a second groove located below the roller along the potato conveying direction. A first slide rail connected to the first groove is fixed below the first groove, and a second slide rail connected to the second groove is fixed below the second groove. A vibration mechanism is installed on the auxiliary support frame. The vibration mechanism includes a first crank rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame, one end of a connecting rod rotatably connected to the first crank, and a column connector rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting rod. A shaft cylinder is fixed under the main support frame. A guide column is fixed on the column connector and slidably installed inside the shaft cylinder. A buffer spring is installed inside the shaft cylinder between the guide column and the main support frame. A guide sleeve is fixed on the auxiliary support frame, and a guide column is fixed under the main support frame and slidably installed inside the guide sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, the vibration mechanism also includes a second crank rotatably mounted on an auxiliary support frame, the second crank being rotatably connected to a connecting rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting rod includes an externally threaded rod end spherical bearing rotatably connected to the first crank and the second crank, and an internally threaded rod end spherical bearing threadedly connected to the externally threaded rod end spherical bearing.

[0008] Furthermore: the external thread rod end spherical bearing is rotatably connected to the first crank and the second crank via a first connecting pin, and the internal thread rod end spherical bearing is rotatably connected to the column connector via a second connecting pin.

[0009] Furthermore, a vibration mechanism drive motor for driving the first crank to rotate is fixedly installed on the auxiliary support frame, and the output end of the vibration mechanism drive motor is connected to the first crank through a vibration mechanism reducer.

[0010] Furthermore: baffles located on both sides of the roller are fixedly installed on the main support frame, and a partition plate located directly below one of the rollers is fixedly installed between the first groove and the second groove.

[0011] Furthermore: a roller drive motor is fixedly installed on the main support frame. The output end of the roller drive motor is connected to the first pulley through a roller drive reducer. A second pulley is keyed to the roller at the feed end. A third pulley is rotatably installed on the main support frame. Belts are fitted on the first pulley, the second pulley, and the third pulley to form a belt drive connection. A sprocket is keyed to each roller, and a connecting chain is fitted on each sprocket to form a chain drive connection.

[0012] Furthermore, several of the rollers are inclined relative to the horizontal plane to form an inclined conveying plane that gradually decreases along the potato conveying direction.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second slides are inclined relative to the horizontal plane.

[0014] Furthermore: the third pulley is a tension pulley, and the potato sorting device also includes a tension adjustment mechanism installed on the main support frame. The tension adjustment mechanism includes a T-shaped mounting base and a first mounting shaft fixedly installed on the longitudinal plate of the T-shaped mounting base and perpendicular to the longitudinal plate. The third pulley is rotatably installed on one end of the first mounting shaft, and the other end of the first mounting shaft is threadedly connected to one end of a double-ended bolt. The other end of the double-ended bolt passes through the frame beam of the main support frame and is connected to a nut. The T-shaped mounting base is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider, which is slidably mounted on the guide rail fixed to the main support frame. A tension spring is provided between the cross plate of the T-shaped mounting base and the main support frame. The direction of the tension spring in its free state is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third pulley. When the nut is tightened on the frame beam, the position of the third pulley relative to the main support frame is fixed. When the nut is loosened, the tension spring pushes the T-shaped mounting base to move along the guide rail, causing the third pulley to shift and achieve belt tension.

[0015] This application's potato sorting device effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, high damage rate, and high cost and limited widespread adoption of existing sorting technologies through innovative technical means. The device adopts a design combining a main support frame and an auxiliary support frame. A group of rollers with gradually increasing spacing is set on the main support frame, and the roller surface is covered with a soft sleeve. When potatoes enter the sorting device, they are naturally graded within the roller gaps as the rollers rotate. Smaller potatoes first fall into the first groove through the gradually increasing roller gaps, while larger potatoes continue to be conveyed to subsequent roller areas and finally fall into the second groove, achieving precise size grading. During the sorting process, the soft sleeve effectively reduces direct collisions between potatoes and rollers, lowering the surface damage rate. The sorted potatoes are then discharged through the first and second slides respectively. Compared to machine vision sorting equipment, this purely mechanical sorting method does not require complex optical equipment and image processing systems, has lower costs, and lower requirements for the operating environment, making it more suitable for widespread application under ordinary agricultural production conditions.

[0016] When the vibration mechanism is working, the rotation of the first crank drives the column connector to reciprocate via the connecting rod. The guide column on the column connector slides within the shaft sleeve under the main support frame, simultaneously compressing or releasing the buffer spring, causing the main support frame and its roller assembly to vibrate up and down. The cooperation between the guide column and the guide sleeve ensures the accuracy of the vibration trajectory and avoids deviation during vibration. This vibration promotes the even distribution of potatoes on the rollers, preventing accumulation, and helps potatoes pass smoothly through the roller gaps, improving sorting efficiency. The design of the buffer spring effectively absorbs the impact force generated by the vibration, making the vibration gentler and further reducing mechanical damage to the potatoes.

[0017] The entire device achieves efficient and low-damage potato sorting through a combination of technologies including roller spacing grading, soft sleeve buffering, vibration assistance, buffer spring buffering, and slide guide. It improves sorting efficiency, reduces potato damage rate, and is particularly suitable for precise grading of potatoes of different sizes, meeting the sorting needs of seed potatoes, edible potatoes, and processing potatoes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from another angle. Figure 3 This is a top view of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the main support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model from another angle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model from another angle. Figure 7 This is a top view of the main support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention from another angle. Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of part A; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, with the vibration mechanism drive motor and vibration mechanism reducer removed. Figure 13 This is a front view of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 14 This is a front view of a potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, showing the internal structure after the shaft cylinder is cut open; Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of section B; Figure 16 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion at point C; Figure 17 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion at point D; Figure 18 This is a top view of the main support frame of the potato sorting device according to a specific embodiment of this utility model. Figure 19 yes Figure 7 A sectional view after cutting along the EE direction; Figure 20 yes Figure 7 A cross-sectional view after cutting along the FF direction; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the third pulley and tension adjustment mechanism of the potato sorting device according to the second specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the third pulley and tension adjustment mechanism of the potato sorting device according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention from another angle. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the potato sorting device according to the second specific embodiment of this utility model, with the belt removed; Figure 24 yes Figure 23 A magnified view of a portion of point G; Figure 25 This is a structural schematic diagram of the potato sorting device according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention from another angle, with the belt removed; Figure 26 yes Figure 25 A magnified view of a portion at point H; Figure 27 This is a structural schematic diagram of the potato sorting device according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention, with the belt removed. Figure 28 yes Figure 27 A magnified view of a portion of point I; Main components and designations: Main support frame: 1; baffle: 11; frame beam: 12; Auxiliary support frame: 2; Feed guide plate: 21; Roller: 31; Roller drive motor: 32; First belt bearing: 33; First pulley: 341; Second pulley: 342; Third pulley: 343; Belt: 344; Sprocket: 351; Connecting chain: 352; First groove: 41; First slide rail: 411; First groove sidewall: 412; Second groove: 42; Second slide rail: 421; Second groove sidewall: 422; Divider plate: 43; Vibration mechanism: 5; First crank: 511; Second crank: 512; Connecting rod: 52; External thread rod end spherical bearing: 521; Internal thread rod end spherical bearing: 522; Column connector: 531; Guide column: 532; Shaft sleeve: 54; Buffer spring: 55; Guide sleeve: 561; Guide column: 562; First connecting pin: 571; Second connecting pin: 572; Vibration mechanism drive motor: 581; Vibration mechanism reducer: 582; Second bearing with mounting: 591; T-mount: 361; Longitudinal plate: 3611; Horizontal plate: 3612; First mounting shaft: 362; Double-ended bolt: 363; Nut: 364; Guide rail slider: 365; Guide rail: 366; Tension spring: 367; Second mounting shaft: 368; Shim: 369. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Specific implementation method one: Figure 1-3 This is a structural diagram of a potato sorting device according to this embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1-3 As shown, the potato sorting device includes a main support frame 1 (the structure of the main support frame 1 is also shown in...). Figure 4-7 (middle) and auxiliary support frame 2 (the structure of auxiliary support frame 2 is also shown in Figure 8 In the middle section, the main support frame 1 is mounted on the auxiliary support frame 2. Several parallel rollers 31 are rotatably mounted on the main support frame 1. The rollers 31 are used to transport potatoes. The surface of each roller 31 is covered with a soft sleeve (not shown in the attached figure). The distance between adjacent rollers 31 gradually increases along the potato conveying direction, that is, the distance between adjacent rollers 31 gradually increases from the feed end to the discharge end of the sorting device.

[0022] like Figure 3As shown, a first groove 41 and a second groove 42 are fixedly provided on the main support frame 1. The first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are located below the roller 31, and the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are arranged sequentially along the potato conveying direction. That is, the first groove 41 is closer to the feed end of the sorting device, and the second groove 42 is closer to the discharge end of the sorting device. The first groove 41 and the second groove 42 are used to collect potatoes of different sizes falling from the gap between the rollers 31. Figure 4-7 The structure of the main support frame 1 in this embodiment is shown, as follows: Figure 4-7 As shown, a first slide rail 411 connected to the first groove 41 is fixed below the first groove 41, and a second slide rail 421 connected to the second groove 42 is fixed below the second groove 42. When potatoes enter the sorting device from the feed end and fall onto the roller 31, they move with the rotation of the roller 31 and are naturally graded through the gaps between the rollers. Because the first groove 41 is closer to the feed end and the second groove 42 is closer to the discharge end, smaller potatoes first fall into the first groove 41 through the gradually increasing gaps between the rollers 31, while larger potatoes continue to be conveyed to the subsequent roller 31 area and finally fall into the second groove 42, achieving precise size grading. Potatoes falling into the first groove 41 are discharged through the first slide rail 411 connected to the first groove 41 and transported to the next process, while potatoes falling into the second groove 42 are discharged through the second slide rail 421 connected to the second groove 42 and transported to the next process.

[0023] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 9, a vibration mechanism 5 is installed on the auxiliary support frame 2, such as... Figure 10-12 As shown, the vibration mechanism 5 includes a first crank 511 rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame 2. One end of a connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the first crank 511, and the other end of the connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to a column connector 531. A guide column 532 is fixedly connected above the column connector 531. A shaft cylinder 54 (shown in the figure) is fixedly attached below the main support frame 1. Figure 10 (Middle), guide post 532 is slidably disposed in shaft cylinder 54, such as Figure 13-15 As shown, a buffer spring 55 is provided inside the shaft cylinder 54, located between the guide post 532 and the main support frame 1 (the buffer spring 55 is also shown in...). Figure 11 , 12 The state of the buffer spring 55 within the shaft sleeve 54 is shown in the diagram. Figure 15 In the middle), one end of the buffer spring 55 can contact the guide post 532, and the other end can contact the main support frame 1, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 8, a guide sleeve 561 is fixed on the auxiliary support frame 2, as follows: Figure 4-6As shown, a guide post 562 is fixed under the main support frame 1. The guide post 562 is inserted into the guide sleeve 561 and can slide within the guide sleeve 561. In this embodiment, a total of four guide sleeves 561 and four corresponding guide posts 562 are provided.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first crank 511, connecting rod 52, column connector 531, and guide post 532 fixed to the column connector 531 constitute a crank-slider mechanism, wherein the column connector 531 and guide post 532 together constitute the slider in the crank-slider mechanism. When the vibration mechanism 5 is working, the rotation of the first crank 511 converts the rotational motion into the reciprocating motion of the column connector 531 and guide post 532 through the connecting rod 52, causing the guide post 532 to slide up and down in the shaft cylinder 54 under the main support frame 1, thereby driving the main support frame 1 and the roller 31 assembly to vibrate up and down as a whole. During the vibration, the buffer spring 55 provides a buffering effect, and the guide post 562 cooperates with the guide sleeve 561 to ensure the stability of the vibration trajectory.

[0025] In this embodiment of the potato sorting device, potatoes enter from the feed end and fall onto the surface of the roller 31 on the main support frame 1. The rotation of the roller 31 drives the potatoes towards the discharge end. During the conveying process, smaller potatoes first fall into the first groove 41 through the smaller roller gap near the feed end, while larger potatoes continue to be conveyed to the area where the roller gap gradually increases, and finally fall into the second groove 42 through the larger gap, thus achieving automatic grading by size. The sorted potatoes are collected through the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 respectively, and are discharged to the next process via the corresponding first slide rail 411 and second slide rail 421.

[0026] When the vibration mechanism 5 is working, the rotational motion of the first crank 511 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the column connector 531 through the connecting rod 52. When the column connector 531 moves upward, the guide column 532 fixed on it slides upward in the shaft cylinder 54, first compressing the buffer spring 55. When the buffer spring 55 is compressed to its limit position, the guide column 532 continues to move upward and pushes the main support frame 1 to lift as a whole. When the column connector 531 moves downward, the buffer spring 55 releases its elastic force, assisting the main support frame 1 to descend smoothly. The cooperation between the guide column 562 and the guide sleeve 561 ensures that the main support frame 1 always maintains a vertical linear vibration. The vibration promotes the uniform distribution of potatoes on the surface of the drum 31 and prevents accumulation. At the same time, the vibration helps potatoes pass smoothly through the drum gap, improving sorting efficiency. The buffer spring 55 effectively absorbs the vibration impact, making the vibration more gentle and reducing mechanical damage to the potatoes.

[0027] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 4-6, baffles 11 are fixedly installed on both sides of the roller 31 on the main support frame 1. The baffles 11 prevent potatoes from falling outside the device during conveying, avoiding additional collisions or falls that could cause damage. Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 7, a separator plate 43 is fixedly installed between the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 to separate the first groove 41 and the second groove 42. The separator plate 43 is located directly below one of the rollers 31. The separator plate 43 can accurately define the collection areas of the first groove 41 and the second groove 42, ensuring that potatoes of different sizes can fall accurately into the corresponding grooves and avoid grading confusion. At the same time, the design of the separator plate 43 being located directly below the roller 31 can effectively prevent potatoes from directly hitting the separator plate 43 when falling, reducing damage caused by collision.

[0028] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 8, a feed guide plate 21 is fixedly installed at the feed end of the auxiliary support frame 2. The feed guide plate 21 is arranged at an inclination. During operation, the potatoes to be sorted are conveyed to the upper part of the feed guide plate 21 by an external conveying device. Under the action of gravity, they slide down the surface of the inclined feed guide plate 21 and fall onto the surface of the rotating drum 31 to begin the sorting operation.

[0029] Regarding the specific driving method of roller 31, such as Figure 2 , 16 As shown, in this embodiment, a roller drive motor 32 is fixedly installed on the main support frame 1. The output end of the roller drive motor 32 is connected to the first pulley 341 through a roller drive reducer (not shown in the attached figure). A second pulley 342 is keyed to one of the rollers 31 located at the feed end (in this embodiment, the second pulley 342 is keyed to the roller 31 closest to the feed end). The rotation of the second pulley 342 can drive the roller 31 to rotate. A third pulley 343 is rotatably installed on the main support frame 1. A belt 344 is fitted onto the first pulley 341, the second pulley 342, and the third pulley 343 to form a belt drive connection. Figure 1 , 17 As shown, each roller 31 is keyed with a sprocket 351. When the roller 31 rotates, it drives the sprocket 351 to rotate. Each sprocket 351 is fitted with a connecting chain 352 to form a chain drive connection. Figure 16 , 17As shown, each roller 31 is rotatably mounted on the main support frame 1 via a first mounted bearing 33. A mounted bearing is a standard mechanical component that integrates a bearing and a bearing housing into one unit, consisting of a bearing housing and a bearing installed inside the bearing housing, with the bearing housing providing mounting support. In this embodiment, the bearing housing of the first mounted bearing 33 is fixedly mounted on the main support frame 1, and the end of the roller 31 is reliably connected to the inner ring of the first mounted bearing 33 using an interference fit or key connection, ensuring that the roller 31 can rotate smoothly under external force.

[0030] For the driving process of roller 31, this embodiment uses a drive system combining belt drive and chain drive to achieve synchronous operation of each roller 31. The specific driving process is as follows: the roller drive motor 32 drives the first pulley 341 to rotate through the roller drive reducer. The rotation of the first pulley 341 is transmitted through the belt 344, causing the second pulley 342 and the third pulley 343 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the feed end roller 31, which is keyed to the second pulley 342, to start rotating. When the feed end roller 31 rotates, it drives the connecting chain 352 to move through the keyed sprocket 351. Since each adjacent roller 31 is connected by a chain drive through the keyed sprocket 351 and the sleeved connecting chain 352, power can be transmitted sequentially from the feed end roller 31 to the subsequent rollers 31, forming a continuous material conveying surface. Because the roller 31 and the roller drive motor 32 are connected by a belt drive system consisting of pulleys and belts, the belt drive system can effectively buffer the initial impact force when the roller drive motor 32 starts, avoiding damage to the potatoes caused by excessive instantaneous torque.

[0031] To facilitate potato transportation, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 1 and 13, the rollers 31 are inclined relative to the horizontal plane, forming an inclined conveying plane that gradually decreases along the potato conveying direction. The first slide rail 411 and the second slide rail 421 are both inclined relative to the horizontal plane, forming an inclined guide channel that facilitates the sliding of potatoes and prevents potatoes from getting stuck inside the slide rail.

[0032] To ensure that potatoes can smoothly slide from the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 into the corresponding first slide rail 411 and second slide rail 421 respectively, as follows: Figure 7 , 18 As shown in Figure 19, two inwardly inclined first groove sidewalls 412 are provided on both sides of the first groove 41 (shown in Figure 19). Figure 18 , 19 In the middle section, the first slide 411 is positioned between the two first groove sidewalls 412. The two inclined sidewalls form a funnel-shaped structure, which can effectively guide the potatoes to converge into and slide down the first slide 411. Similarly, as... Figure 7 , 18As shown in Figure 20, two inwardly inclined second groove sidewalls 422 are also provided on both sides of the second groove 42 (shown in Figure 20). Figure 18 , 20 In the middle section, the second slide 421 is located between the two second groove sidewalls 422. These two inclined sidewalls also form a funnel-shaped structure, guiding the potatoes to the second slide 421. This double-sided inclined guide design ensures smooth delivery of potatoes and prevents potatoes from accumulating or getting stuck at the edge of the groove.

[0033] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the vibration mechanism 5 also includes a second crank 512 rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame 2, and the second crank 512 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 52. The first crank 511 and the second crank 512 are symmetrically arranged to form a double-crank balance mechanism. This symmetrical arrangement can effectively counteract the eccentric vibration generated by a single crank, making the vibration more stable and uniform. The first crank 511 and the second crank 512 are both rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame 2 through a second seated bearing 591. In this embodiment, the bearing seat of the second seated bearing 591 is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary support frame 2. The first crank 511, the second crank 512 and the inner ring of the second seated bearing 591 are reliably connected by interference fit or key connection, ensuring that the first crank 511 and the second crank 512 can rotate smoothly under external force.

[0034] like Figure 12 As shown, the connecting rod 52 includes an externally threaded rod end spherical bearing 521 and an internally threaded rod end spherical bearing 522 threadedly connected to the externally threaded rod end spherical bearing 521. The externally threaded rod end spherical bearing 521 is rotatably connected to the first crank 511 and the second crank 512, while the internally threaded rod end spherical bearing 522 is rotatably connected to the column connector 531. The rod end spherical bearing is a special type of spherical bearing that integrates the spherical bearing with the threaded rod end into one unit, possessing both a bearing end and a rod end, and is a standard component in the field of mechanical transmission. Specifically, the rod end of the externally threaded rod end spherical bearing 521 has an external thread, and the rod end of the internally threaded rod end spherical bearing 522 has a matching internally threaded hole. The two are connected by threads to achieve an adjustable length connection. This adjustable length design allows for adjustment of the length of the connecting rod 52, facilitating flexible adjustment of the length of the connecting rod 52 according to factors such as the size of the sorting device. In this embodiment, the bearing end of the external thread rod end spherical bearing 521 is rotatably connected to the first crank 511 and the second crank 512 via the same first connecting pin 571, while the bearing end of the internal thread rod end spherical bearing 522 is rotatably connected to the column connector 531 via the second connecting pin 572.

[0035] Regarding the specific drive method of the first crank 511, such as Figure 10 , 11As shown, a vibration mechanism drive motor 581 for driving the first crank 511 to rotate is fixedly installed on the auxiliary support frame 2. The output end of the vibration mechanism drive motor 581 is connected to the first crank 511 through a vibration mechanism reducer 582. When the vibration mechanism drive motor 581 starts, the power is transmitted to the first crank 511 through the vibration mechanism reducer 582. Through the connection of the first connecting pin 571, it can be ensured that the second crank 512 and the first crank 511 maintain synchronous rotational motion.

[0036] In this embodiment of the potato sorting device, during the sorting operation, the potatoes to be sorted first fall onto the surface of the rotating drum 31 via the feed guide plate 21. The drum 31 begins to rotate under the drive of the drum drive motor 32. The motor power is transmitted sequentially through the drum drive reducer, the first pulley 341, and the belt 344 to the second pulley 342, driving the feed end drum 31 to rotate. Each drum 31 achieves synchronous transmission via a sprocket 351 and a connecting chain 352. During the conveying process on the surface of the drum 31, as the distance between adjacent drums 31 gradually increases, automatic grading is achieved: smaller potatoes first fall into the first groove 41 through the smaller gap between the drums 31 near the feed end; larger potatoes continue to be conveyed to an area with a larger gap between the drums 31 before falling into the second groove 42.

[0037] The vibration mechanism 5 drives the first crank 511 and the second crank 512 to rotate synchronously via the vibration mechanism drive motor 581, and the power is transmitted through the vibration mechanism reducer 582. The first crank 511 and the second crank 512 are connected to the external thread rod end joint bearing 521 of the connecting rod 52 via the first connecting pin 571, and the internal thread rod end joint bearing 522 of the connecting rod 52 is connected to the column connector 531 via the second connecting pin 572, converting the rotational motion of the cranks into the reciprocating motion of the column connector 531. The guide column 532 slides up and down inside the shaft sleeve 54, and drives the main support frame 1 to vibrate through the compression and release of the buffer spring 55. The cooperation between the guide column 562 and the guide sleeve 561 ensures that the vibration trajectory is accurate and stable.

[0038] After sorting, the potatoes are collected through the first groove 41 and the second groove 42. The two first groove sidewalls 412 of the first groove 41 and the two second groove sidewalls 422 of the second groove 42 are inclined inward to form a funnel-shaped structure, which smoothly guides the potatoes to the corresponding first slide rail 411 and second slide rail 421. The inclined slide rails ensure that the potatoes slide out of the device smoothly by gravity.

[0039] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method provides a further improved potato sorting device. The improvement lies in setting the third pulley 343 as a tensioning pulley and adding a tension adjustment mechanism to the main support frame 1 to realize the tension adjustment function of the belt drive system. This mechanism mainly solves the problem of tension changes caused by belt elongation or vibration during the operation of the belt drive system. The adjustable tensioning pulley structure realizes the adjustment of belt tension, ensuring stable operation of the transmission system.

[0040] like Figure 21 , 22 As shown, the tension adjustment mechanism includes a T-shaped mounting base 361. The T-shaped mounting base 361 includes a longitudinal plate 3611 and a transverse plate 3612 that are fixedly connected perpendicularly to each other. A first mounting shaft 362 perpendicular to the longitudinal plate 3611 is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal plate 3611. A third pulley 343 is rotatably mounted on one end of the first mounting shaft 362. The other end of the first mounting shaft 362 is threadedly connected to one end of a double-ended bolt 363. Figure 23 , 24 As shown, the other end of the double-ended bolt 363 passes through two parallel frame beams 12 of the main support frame 1 and is threadedly connected to a mating nut 364. A washer 369 that mates with the nut 364 is also fitted onto the double-ended bolt 363. To ensure the nut 364 can be locked for reliable fixing, the gap between the two frame beams 12 is larger than the diameter of the double-ended bolt 363 but smaller than the outer diameter of the nut 364.

[0041] like Figure 25-28 As shown, a guide rail 366 is fixedly installed on the main support frame 1 (shown in...). Figure 26 , 28 (in Chinese), such as Figure 22 As shown, the T-shaped mounting base 361 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 366 via the guide rail slider 365, that is, the T-shaped mounting base 361 is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider 365, and the guide rail slider 365 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 366. A second mounting shaft 368 perpendicular to the horizontal plate 3612 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal plate 3612 of the T-shaped mounting base 361. A tension spring 367 is sleeved on the second mounting shaft 368 and disposed between the horizontal plate 3612 and the main support frame 1. Figure 26 , 28 As shown, one end of the tension spring 367 can contact the horizontal plate 3612 and the other end can contact the main support frame 1. The axis of the tension spring 367 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third pulley 343. The direction of the force applied by the tension spring 367 in the free state is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third pulley 343, that is, in the free state, an elastic force perpendicular to its axis can be applied to the tension pulley 343.

[0042] When the nut 364 is tightened on the frame beam 12, the third pulley 343 is fixed in position relative to the main support frame 1. When the nut 364 is loosened, the tension spring 367 pushes the T-shaped mounting base 361 to move along the guide rail 366, which drives the third pulley 343 to move in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third pulley 343, thereby achieving the tensioning of the belt 344.

[0043] When adjusting the tension of belt 344, first loosen nut 364 to release the lock on double-ended bolt 363. At this time, tension spring 367 releases its elastic force, pushing T-shaped mounting base 361 to move along guide rail 366 via guide rail slider 365, thereby displacing tension pulley 343 and tensioning belt 344. When belt 344 reaches the appropriate tension, tighten nut 364 to press washer 369 against frame beam 12. The friction between washer 369 and frame beam 12 locks the position of double-ended bolt 363, thus fixing the entire tension adjustment mechanism.

[0044] The other technical features of this embodiment are exactly the same as those of Specific Embodiment 1.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A potato sorting apparatus, characterized by: Includes main support frame (1) and auxiliary support frame (2); A number of parallel rollers (31) for conveying potatoes are rotatably mounted on the main support frame (1). Each roller (31) is covered with a soft sleeve, and the distance between adjacent rollers (31) gradually increases along the potato conveying direction. The main support frame (1) is fixedly provided with a first groove (41) and a second groove (42) located below the roller (31) along the potato conveying direction. A first slide (411) connected to the first groove (41) is fixed below the first groove (41), and a second slide (421) connected to the second groove (42) is fixed below the second groove (42). A vibration mechanism (5) is installed on the auxiliary support frame (2). The vibration mechanism (5) includes a first crank (511) rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame (2). One end of a connecting rod (52) is rotatably connected to the first crank (511), and the other end of the connecting rod (52) is rotatably connected to a column connector (531). A shaft cylinder (54) is fixed under the main support frame (1). A guide column (532) is fixed on the column connector (531) and slidably mounted inside the shaft cylinder (54). A buffer spring (55) is provided inside the shaft cylinder (54) between the guide column (532) and the main support frame (1). A guide sleeve (561) is fixed on the auxiliary support frame (2), and a guide column (562) is fixed under the main support frame (1) and slidably mounted inside the guide sleeve (561).

2. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The vibration mechanism (5) further includes a second crank (512) rotatably mounted on the auxiliary support frame (2), the second crank (512) being rotatably connected to the connecting rod (52).

3. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The connecting rod (52) includes an external thread rod end spherical bearing (521) rotatably connected to the first crank (511) and the second crank (512), and an internal thread rod end spherical bearing (522) threadedly connected to the external thread rod end spherical bearing (521). The internal thread rod end spherical bearing (522) is rotatably connected to the column connector (531).

4. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The external thread rod end spherical bearing (521) is rotatably connected to the first crank (511) and the second crank (512) via the first connecting pin (571), and the internal thread rod end spherical bearing (522) is rotatably connected to the column connector (531) via the second connecting pin (572).

5. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary support frame (2) is fixedly installed with a vibration mechanism drive motor (581) for driving the first crank (511) to rotate. The output end of the vibration mechanism drive motor (581) is connected to the first crank (511) through a vibration mechanism reducer (582).

6. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The main support frame (1) is fixedly installed with baffles (11) on both sides of the roller (31), and a partition plate (43) located directly below one of the rollers (31) is fixedly installed between the first groove (41) and the second groove (42).

7. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: A roller drive motor (32) is fixedly installed on the main support frame (1). The output end of the roller drive motor (32) is connected to the first pulley (341) through the roller drive reducer. A second pulley (342) is keyed to the roller (31) at the feed end. A third pulley (343) is rotatably installed on the main support frame (1). A belt (344) is fitted on the first pulley (341), the second pulley (342), and the third pulley (343) to form a belt drive connection. A sprocket (351) is keyed to each roller (31). A connecting chain (352) is fitted on each sprocket (351) to form a chain drive connection.

8. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: Several of the rollers (31) are inclined relative to the horizontal plane to form an inclined conveying plane that gradually decreases along the potato conveying direction.

9. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The first slide (411) and the second slide (421) are both inclined relative to the horizontal plane.

10. The potato sorting apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The third pulley (343) is a tension pulley. The potato sorting device also includes a tension adjustment mechanism installed on the main support frame (1). The tension adjustment mechanism includes a T-shaped mounting base (361) and a first mounting shaft (362) fixedly installed on the longitudinal plate (3611) of the T-shaped mounting base (361) and perpendicular to the longitudinal plate (3611). The third pulley (343) is rotatably installed on one end of the first mounting shaft (362). The other end of the first mounting shaft (362) is threadedly connected to one end of a double-headed bolt (363). The other end of the double-headed bolt (363) passes through the frame beam (12) of the main support frame (1) and is connected to a nut (364). The T-shaped mounting base (361) is fixedly mounted on the guide rail slider (365), and the guide rail slider (365) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (366) fixed to the main support frame (1). A tension spring (367) is provided between the cross plate (3612) of the T-shaped mounting base (361) and the main support frame (1). The direction of the force exerted by the tension spring (367) in the free state is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third pulley (343). When the nut (364) is tightened on the frame beam (12), the third pulley (343) is fixed relative to the main support frame (1). When the nut (364) is loosened, the tension spring (367) pushes the T-shaped mounting base (361) to move along the guide rail (366), thereby displacing the third pulley (343) to achieve the tension of the belt (344).

Images