High current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of large current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit, and automatic correction circuit includes power input module, correction control circuit and delay conduction control circuit;Correction control circuit includes first diode, first relay, second diode, second relay and fifth diode, delay conduction control circuit includes delay start circuit and third relay, and first relay includes first coil, the second relay includes second coil, and the third relay includes third coil.The correction control circuit in the utility model utilizes the contact dynamic switching mechanism of first relay and second relay, realizes the automatic correction of input polarity reverse connection;Delay conduction control circuit controls third relay by time sequence, in the delay window period of first relay and second relay contact switching, keep load path disconnected, wait for contact switching to complete again and turn on load loop, effectively avoid the damage caused by reverse large current to load when input reverse connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to an automatic correction circuit for high current polarity reversal. Background Technology

[0002] Reverse polarity connection of the power supply refers to the incorrect connection of the positive and negative terminals. In DC power supply systems, reverse polarity can damage semiconductor devices (such as diodes, transistors, MOSFETs, etc.) or electrolytic capacitors. The traditional solution is to connect a diode in series in the circuit, utilizing the diode's unidirectional conductivity to prevent reverse connection. However, this method introduces additional voltage drop and power consumption, especially in high-current applications where diode power consumption and heat generation become significant.

[0003] Therefore, existing reverse connection protection circuits are not suitable for scenarios requiring high current and low voltage drop. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit, which aims to solve the problem that existing anti-reverse connection circuits are not suitable for high-current, low-voltage-difference scenarios.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit, the automatic correction circuit including a power input module, a correction control circuit and a delayed conduction control circuit;

[0006] The correction control circuit includes a first diode, a first relay, a second diode, a second relay, and a fifth diode. The delayed turn-on control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay. The first relay includes a first coil, the second relay includes a second coil, and the third relay includes a third coil.

[0007] The first terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the second contact of the first relay, the third terminal of the delay-on circuit, the third and fifth contacts of the second relay, and the positive terminal of the fifth diode. The second terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the fourth terminal of the delay-on circuit, the second contact of the second relay, the positive terminal of the first diode, the positive terminal of the second diode, and the third contact of the first relay. The fourth contact of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the load. The fourth contact of the second relay is connected to the third contact of the third relay. The fourth contact of the third relay is connected to the second terminal of the load.

[0008] The cathode of the first diode, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence. The cathode of the second diode, the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay are connected in sequence. The cathode of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the time-delay start circuit and the cathode of the first diode. The second terminal of the time-delay start circuit, the first contact of the third relay, the third coil, the fifth contact of the third relay, and the fifth terminal of the time-delay start circuit are connected in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the delayed-on circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first transistor, a second transistor, a capacitor, a sixth diode, and a seventh diode;

[0010] The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of both the fifth resistor and the third resistor, and this connection point serves as the first end of the delay-on circuit. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the collector of the second transistor serves as the second end of the delay-on circuit. The base of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and the collector of the first transistor. The base of the first transistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, the first end of the capacitor, and the second end of the third resistor. The emitter of the first transistor serves as the fifth end of the delay-on circuit and is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the capacitor, the anode of the sixth diode, and the anode of the seventh diode. The cathode of the sixth diode serves as the third end of the delay-on circuit, and the cathode of the seventh diode serves as the fourth end of the delay-on circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, when the delayed activation circuit is in the on-state, the contacts of the third relay switch to a connection between the third contact and the fourth contact.

[0012] Furthermore, the correction control circuit also includes a first resistor, the negative terminal of the second diode, the first resistor, the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay connected in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the correction control circuit also includes a second resistor, and the negative terminal of the first diode, the second resistor, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the correction control circuit also includes a third diode and a fourth diode, and the delayed conduction control circuit also includes an eighth diode;

[0015] The third diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first coil. The positive terminal of the third diode is connected to the fifth contact of the first relay, and the negative terminal of the third diode is connected to the first contact of the first relay.

[0016] The fourth diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the second coil. The positive terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the fifth contact of the second relay, and the negative terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the first contact of the second relay.

[0017] The eighth diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the third coil. The positive terminal of the eighth diode is connected to the fifth contact of the third relay, and the negative terminal of the eighth diode is connected to the first contact of the third relay.

[0018] Furthermore, under the positive connection condition of the power input module, the contacts of the first relay switch to connect with the second and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay switch to connect with the second and fourth contacts.

[0019] Furthermore, under the positive connection condition of the power input module, the first end of the power input module is connected to the first end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the first relay, and the second end of the power input module is connected to the second end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the second relay and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay.

[0020] Furthermore, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module, the contacts of the first relay switch to connect the third and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay switch to connect the third and fourth contacts.

[0021] Furthermore, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module, the first end of the power input module is connected to the second end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay, and the second end of the power input module is connected to the first end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay.

[0022] This utility model discloses a high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit. The automatic correction circuit includes a power input module, a correction control circuit, and a delayed conduction control circuit. The correction control circuit includes a first diode, a first relay, a second diode, a second relay, and a fifth diode. The delayed conduction control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay. The first relay includes a first coil, the second relay includes a second coil, and the third relay includes a third coil. The first terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the second contact of the first relay, the third terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the third contact and the fifth terminal of the second relay, and the positive terminal of the fifth diode. The second terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the fourth terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the second contact of the second relay, the positive terminal of the first diode, and the fifth diode. The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the third contact of the first relay. The fourth contact of the first relay is connected to the first end of the load. The fourth contact of the second relay is connected to the third contact of the third relay. The fourth contact of the third relay is connected to the second end of the load. The negative terminal of the first diode, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence. The negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay in sequence. The negative terminal of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected to the first end of the time-delay start circuit and the negative terminal of the first diode. The second end of the time-delay start circuit, the first contact of the third relay, the third coil, the fifth contact of the third relay, and the fifth end of the time-delay start circuit are connected in sequence. The correction control circuit in this embodiment utilizes the dynamic switching mechanism of the contacts of the first and second relays to achieve automatic correction of input polarity reversal without the need for additional high-power components. The delayed conduction control circuit controls the third relay through timing to keep the load path disconnected during the delay window period of the contact switching of the first and second relays. The load circuit is then turned on after the contact switching of the first and second relays is completed. This effectively avoids damage to the load caused by the instantaneous large reverse current generated when the input is reversed. This design not only breaks through the limitations of traditional reverse connection protection schemes in high current and low voltage difference scenarios, but also strengthens the instantaneous protection of the load while ensuring automatic polarity correction through the synergistic effect of the dual circuits, thus improving the reliability and applicability of the circuit under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0026] H1, Power input module; D1, First diode; D2, Second diode; D3, Third diode; D4, Fourth diode; D5, Fifth diode; D6, Sixth diode; D7, Seventh diode; D8, Eighth diode; K1, First relay; K2, Second relay; K3, Third relay; L1, First coil; L2, Second coil; L3, Third coil; R1, First resistor; R2, Second resistor; R3, Third resistor; R4, Fourth resistor; R5, Fifth resistor; R6, Sixth resistor; Q1, First transistor; Q2, Second transistor; C1, Capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0029] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0030] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 This utility model proposes a high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit. The automatic correction circuit includes a power input module H1, a correction control circuit, and a delayed conduction control circuit. The correction control circuit includes a first diode D1, a first relay K1, a second diode D2, a second relay K2, and a fifth diode D5. The delayed conduction control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay K3. The first relay K1 includes a first coil L1, the second relay K2 includes a second coil L2, and the third relay K3 includes a third coil L3. The first terminal of the power input module H1 is simultaneously connected to the second contact of the first relay K1, the third terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the third contact and the fifth terminal of the second relay K2, and the positive terminal of the fifth diode D5. The second terminal of the power input module H1 is simultaneously connected to the fourth terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the second contact of the second relay K2, the positive terminal of the first diode D1, and the fifth diode D5. The positive terminal of diode D2 is connected to the third contact of the first relay K1. The fourth contact of the first relay K1 is connected to the first end of the load. The fourth contact of the second relay K2 is connected to the third contact of the third relay K3. The fourth contact of the third relay K3 is connected to the second end of the load. The negative terminal of the first diode D1, the first contact of the second relay K2, the second coil L2, and the fifth contact of the second relay K2 are connected in sequence. The negative terminal of the second diode D2, the first contact of the first relay K1, the first coil L1, and the fifth contact of the first relay K1 are connected in sequence. The negative terminal of the fifth diode D5 is simultaneously connected to the first end of the time-delay start circuit and the negative terminal of the first diode D1. The second end of the time-delay start circuit, the first contact of the third relay K3, the third coil L3, the fifth contact of the third relay K3, and the fifth end of the time-delay start circuit are connected in sequence.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the polarity of the first terminal of the power input module H1 is positive and the polarity of the second terminal is negative, the power input module H1 is in the positive connection condition; when the polarity of the first terminal of the power input module H1 is negative and the polarity of the second terminal is positive, the power input module H1 is in the reverse connection condition. In the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, the second contact of the first relay K1 is connected to its fourth contact, the second contact of the second relay K2 is connected to its fourth contact, the first terminal (positive polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the first terminal of the load through the second and fourth contacts of the first relay K1, and the second terminal (negative polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the second terminal of the load through the second and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3.

[0033] In the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, the second terminal (positive polarity) of the power input module H1 is turned on via the first diode D1, the first contact of the second relay K2, the second coil L2, the fifth contact of the second relay K2, and the first terminal (negative polarity) of the power input module H1. At this time, the second coil L2 is energized, driving the contacts of the second relay K2 to switch to the connection between the third and fourth contacts. The second terminal of the power input module H1 is turned on via the second diode D2, the first contact of the first relay K1, the first coil L1, the fifth contact of the first relay K1, and the first terminal of the power input module H1. At this time, the first coil L1 is energized, driving the contacts of the first relay K1 to switch to the connection between the third and fourth contacts. The first terminal of the power input module H1 is connected to the second terminal of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3. The second terminal of the power input module H1 is also connected to the first terminal of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay K1.

[0034] The delayed turn-on control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay K3. The third relay K3 includes a third coil L3. When the delayed turn-on circuit is in the turn-on state (i.e., the third coil L3 is energized), the contacts of the third relay K3 switch to connect the third contact and the fourth contact. Before the third coil L3 is energized, the second contact of the third relay K3 is connected to its fourth contact. This embodiment of the invention achieves "timing protection" through a delayed conduction circuit. When a reverse connection is triggered, the second coil L2 is energized, driving the contacts of the second relay K2 to switch to a connection between the third and fourth contacts. The first coil L1 is also energized, driving the contacts of the first relay K1 to switch to a connection between the third and fourth contacts. However, there is a brief delay in the contact switching. During this delay, the delayed-on circuit of the delayed conduction control circuit keeps the third coil L3 of the third relay K3 temporarily de-energized, allowing the second and fourth contacts of the third relay K3 to connect, thus cutting off the momentary path between the power input module H1 and the load. After the contacts of the second relay K2 and the first relay K1 have switched, the delayed-on circuit energizes the third coil L3, driving the contacts of the third relay K3 to switch to a connection between the third and fourth contacts, thus connecting the load circuit. By controlling the conduction sequence of the third relay K3, the large reverse current generated by the delay in the contact switching of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 is effectively avoided, thereby preventing damage to the load.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the delay-on circuit includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a capacitor C1, a sixth diode D6, and a seventh diode D7. The first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to both the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the first terminal of the third resistor R3, and this connection point serves as the first terminal of the delay-on circuit. The second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and the collector of the second transistor Q2 serves as the second terminal of the delay-on circuit. The base of the second transistor Q2 is simultaneously connected to the first... The second terminal of resistor R5 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1. The base of the first transistor Q1 is simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6, the first terminal of the capacitor C1, and the second terminal of the third resistor R3. The emitter of the first transistor Q1 serves as the fifth terminal of the delay-on circuit and is simultaneously connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6, the second terminal of the capacitor C1, the anode of the sixth diode D6, and the anode of the seventh diode D7. The cathode of the sixth diode D6 serves as the third terminal of the delay-on circuit, and the cathode of the seventh diode D7 serves as the fourth terminal of the delay-on circuit.

[0036] In this embodiment, under the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, since the first diode D1 is reverse biased and cut off, no current flows through it. The current flowing into the first terminal of the power input module H1 sequentially passes through the fifth diode D5 and the third resistor R3 to charge the capacitor C1. When the voltage of the capacitor C1 is greater than the on-state voltage drop of the emitter of the first transistor Q1, the first transistor Q1 is delayed and turns on, pulling down the base potential of the second transistor Q2, causing the second transistor Q2 to turn on. The current flows through the second terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit (i.e., the collector of the second transistor Q2), the first contact of the third relay K3, the third coil L3, the fifth contact of the third relay K3, and the seventh diode D7 back to the second terminal of the power input module H1. When the current flows through the third coil L3, the contacts of the third relay K3 switch to connect the third contact and the fourth contact.

[0037] Under the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, since the fifth diode D5 is reverse biased and cut off, no current flows through it. The current flowing into the second terminal of the power input module H1 charges the capacitor C1 through the first diode D1 and the third resistor R3. When the voltage of the capacitor C1 is greater than the on-state voltage drop of the emitter of the first transistor Q1, the first transistor Q1 turns on after a delay, pulling down the base potential of the second transistor Q2, causing the second transistor Q2 to turn on. The current flows through the second terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit (i.e., the collector of the second transistor Q2), the first contact of the third relay K3, the third coil L3, the fifth contact of the third relay K3, and the sixth diode D6 back to the first terminal of the power input module H1.

[0038] When there is no power input, the sixth resistor R6 can release the electrical energy stored in the capacitor C1, so that the voltage across the capacitor C1 returns to 0V.

[0039] The delay time can be adjusted by modifying the values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the capacitor C1. The larger the values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the capacitor C1, the longer the delay time; the smaller the values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the capacitor C1, the shorter the delay time.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the delay-on circuit is in the on state, the contacts of the third relay K3 switch to the connection between the third contact and the fourth contact.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the delay-on circuit is in the conducting state (i.e., the third coil L3 is energized), the contacts of the third relay K3 are switched to connect the third contact and the fourth contact. Before the third coil L3 is energized, the second contact of the third relay K3 is connected to its fourth contact.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the correction control circuit also includes a first resistor R1, the negative terminal of the second diode D2, the first resistor R1, the first contact of the first relay K1, the first coil L1, and the fifth contact of the first relay K1 connected in sequence.

[0043] In this embodiment, the correction control circuit further includes a first resistor R1, the negative terminal of the second diode D2, the first resistor R1, the first contact of the first relay K1, the first coil L1, and the fifth contact of the first relay K1 are connected in sequence. The first resistor R1 serves to limit the current and prevent the first coil L1 from burning out due to excessive current.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the correction control circuit also includes a second resistor R2, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1, the second resistor R2, the first contact of the second relay K2, the second coil L2, and the fifth contact of the second relay K2 are connected in sequence.

[0045] In this embodiment, the correction control circuit further includes a second resistor R2. The negative terminal of the first diode D1, the second resistor R2, the first contact of the second relay K2, the second coil L2, and the fifth contact of the second relay K2 are connected in sequence. The second resistor R2 serves to limit the current and prevent the second coil L2 from burning out due to excessive current.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the correction control circuit further includes a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4, and the delayed conduction control circuit further includes an eighth diode D8. The third diode D3 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first coil L1, with its anode connected to the fifth contact of the first relay K1 and its cathode connected to the first contact of the first relay K1. The fourth diode D4 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the second coil L2, with its anode connected to the fifth contact of the second relay K2 and its cathode connected to the first contact of the second relay K2. The eighth diode D8 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the third coil L3, with its anode connected to the fifth contact of the third relay K3 and its cathode connected to the first contact of the third relay K3.

[0047] In this embodiment, the correction control circuit further includes a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4, and the delayed conduction control circuit further includes an eighth diode D8. The third diode D3 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first coil L1, with its anode connected to the fifth contact of the first relay K1 and its cathode connected to the first contact of the first relay K1. The third diode D3 can absorb the residual energy of the first coil L1, effectively suppressing the self-induced voltage generated when the coil is de-energized, and preventing it from damaging surrounding circuit components. The fourth diode D4 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the second coil L2, with its anode connected to the fifth contact of the first relay K1 and its cathode connected to the first contact of the second relay K1. The fifth contact of relay K2 is connected, and the negative terminal of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first contact of the second relay K2. The fourth diode D4 can absorb the residual energy of the second coil L2, effectively suppressing the self-induced voltage generated when the coil is de-energized, and preventing it from damaging the surrounding circuit components. The eighth diode D8 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the third coil L3. The positive terminal of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the fifth contact of the third relay K3, and the negative terminal of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the first contact of the third relay K3. The eighth diode D8 can absorb the residual energy of the third coil L3, effectively suppressing the self-induced voltage generated when the coil is de-energized, and preventing it from damaging the surrounding circuit components.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, under the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, the contacts of the first relay K1 switch to connect the second and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay K2 switch to connect the second and fourth contacts.

[0049] In this embodiment, under the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, the second contact of the first relay K1 is connected to its fourth contact, the second contact of the second relay K2 is connected to its fourth contact, the first end (positive polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the first end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the first relay K1, and the second end (negative polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the second end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3.

[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, under the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, the first end of the power input module H1 is connected to the first end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the first relay K1, and the second end of the power input module H1 is connected to the second end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3.

[0051] In this embodiment, under the positive connection condition of the power input module H1, the second contact of the first relay K1 is connected to its fourth contact, the second contact of the second relay K2 is connected to its fourth contact, the first end (positive polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the first end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the first relay K1, and the second end (negative polarity) of the power input module H1 is connected to the second end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, the contacts of the first relay K1 switch to the connection between the third and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay K2 switch to the connection between the third and fourth contacts.

[0053] In this embodiment, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, the first end of the power input module H1 is connected to the second end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3, and the second end of the power input module H1 is connected to the first end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay K1.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, the first end of the power input module H1 is connected to the second end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3, and the second end of the power input module H1 is connected to the first end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay K1.

[0055] In this embodiment, under the reverse connection condition of the power input module H1, the second terminal (positive polarity) of the power input module H1 is turned on via the first diode D1, the first contact of the second relay K2, the second coil L2, the fifth contact of the second relay K2, and the first terminal (negative polarity) of the power input module H1. At this time, the second coil L2 is energized, driving the contacts of the second relay K2 to switch to connect the third and fourth contacts; the second terminal of the power input module H1 is turned on via the second diode D2, the first contact of the first relay K2, and the first contact of the second relay K2. When the contacts, the first coil L1, the fifth contact of the first relay K1, and the first terminal of the power input module H1 are turned on, the first coil L1 is energized, driving the contacts of the first relay K1 to switch to the connection between the third and fourth contacts; the first terminal of the power input module H1 is connected to the second terminal of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay K2 and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay K3, and the second terminal of the power input module H1 is connected to the first terminal of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay K1.

[0056] This utility model discloses a high-current polarity reverse connection automatic correction circuit. The automatic correction circuit includes a power input module, a correction control circuit, and a delayed conduction control circuit. The correction control circuit includes a first diode, a first relay, a second diode, a second relay, and a fifth diode. The delayed conduction control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay. The first relay includes a first coil, the second relay includes a second coil, and the third relay includes a third coil. The first terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the second contact of the first relay, the third terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the third contact and the fifth terminal of the second relay, and the positive terminal of the fifth diode. The second terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the fourth terminal of the delayed turn-on circuit, the second contact of the second relay, the positive terminal of the first diode, and the fifth diode. The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the third contact of the first relay. The fourth contact of the first relay is connected to the first end of the load. The fourth contact of the second relay is connected to the third contact of the third relay. The fourth contact of the third relay is connected to the second end of the load. The negative terminal of the first diode, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence. The negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay in sequence. The negative terminal of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected to the first end of the time-delay start circuit and the negative terminal of the first diode. The second end of the time-delay start circuit, the first contact of the third relay, the third coil, the fifth contact of the third relay, and the fifth end of the time-delay start circuit are connected in sequence. The correction control circuit in this embodiment utilizes the dynamic switching mechanism of the contacts of the first and second relays to achieve automatic correction of input polarity reversal without the need for additional high-power components. The delayed conduction control circuit controls the third relay through timing to keep the load path disconnected during the delay window period of the contact switching of the first and second relays. The load circuit is then turned on after the contact switching of the first and second relays is completed. This effectively avoids damage to the load caused by the instantaneous large reverse current generated when the input is reversed. This design not only breaks through the limitations of traditional reverse connection protection schemes in high current and low voltage difference scenarios, but also strengthens the instantaneous protection of the load while ensuring automatic polarity correction through the synergistic effect of the dual circuits, thus improving the reliability and applicability of the circuit under complex working conditions.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit, characterized by, The automatic correction circuit includes a power input module, a correction control circuit, and a delayed conduction control circuit; The correction control circuit includes a first diode, a first relay, a second diode, a second relay, and a fifth diode. The delayed turn-on control circuit includes a delayed turn-on circuit and a third relay. The first relay includes a first coil, the second relay includes a second coil, and the third relay includes a third coil. The first terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the second contact of the first relay, the third terminal of the delay-on circuit, the third and fifth contacts of the second relay, and the positive terminal of the fifth diode. The second terminal of the power input module is simultaneously connected to the fourth terminal of the delay-on circuit, the second contact of the second relay, the positive terminal of the first diode, the positive terminal of the second diode, and the third contact of the first relay. The fourth contact of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the load. The fourth contact of the second relay is connected to the third contact of the third relay. The fourth contact of the third relay is connected to the second terminal of the load. The cathode of the first diode, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence. The cathode of the second diode, the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay are connected in sequence. The cathode of the fifth diode is simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the time-delay start circuit and the cathode of the first diode. The second terminal of the time-delay start circuit, the first contact of the third relay, the third coil, the fifth contact of the third relay, and the fifth terminal of the time-delay start circuit are connected in sequence.

2. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, The delayed-on circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first transistor, a second transistor, a capacitor, a sixth diode, and a seventh diode; The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of both the fifth resistor and the third resistor, and this connection point serves as the first end of the delay-on circuit. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, and the collector of the second transistor serves as the second end of the delay-on circuit. The base of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor and the collector of the first transistor. The base of the first transistor is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor, the first end of the capacitor, and the second end of the third resistor. The emitter of the first transistor serves as the fifth end of the delay-on circuit and is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the capacitor, the anode of the sixth diode, and the anode of the seventh diode. The cathode of the sixth diode serves as the third end of the delay-on circuit, and the cathode of the seventh diode serves as the fourth end of the delay-on circuit.

3. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, When the delay-on circuit is in the conducting state, the contacts of the third relay switch to connect with the fourth contact.

4. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, The correction control circuit further includes a first resistor, the negative terminal of the second diode, the first resistor, the first contact of the first relay, the first coil, and the fifth contact of the first relay connected in sequence.

5. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, The correction control circuit also includes a second resistor, and the negative terminal of the first diode, the second resistor, the first contact of the second relay, the second coil, and the fifth contact of the second relay are connected in sequence.

6. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, The correction control circuit further includes a third diode and a fourth diode, and the delayed conduction control circuit further includes an eighth diode; The third diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first coil. The positive terminal of the third diode is connected to the fifth contact of the first relay, and the negative terminal of the third diode is connected to the first contact of the first relay. The fourth diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the second coil. The positive terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the fifth contact of the second relay, and the negative terminal of the fourth diode is connected to the first contact of the second relay. The eighth diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the third coil. The positive terminal of the eighth diode is connected to the fifth contact of the third relay, and the negative terminal of the eighth diode is connected to the first contact of the third relay.

7. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, When the power input module is in positive connection mode, the contacts of the first relay switch to connect with the second and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay switch to connect with the second and fourth contacts.

8. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, Under the positive connection condition of the power input module, the first end of the power input module is connected to the first end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the first relay, and the second end of the power input module is connected to the second end of the load via the second and fourth contacts of the second relay and the third and fourth contacts of the third relay.

9. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, wherein When the power input module is reversed, the contacts of the first relay switch to connect with the third and fourth contacts, and the contacts of the second relay switch to connect with the third and fourth contacts.

10. The large current polarity reversal automatic correction circuit according to claim 1, characterized by, In the reverse connection condition of the power input module, the first end of the power input module is connected to the second end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the second relay, and the second end of the power input module is connected to the first end of the load via the third and fourth contacts of the first relay.

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