Wind resistant flexible photovoltaic support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support, including support, load cable and photovoltaic panel. Photovoltaic panel is ridden on the load cable's cable sleeve by the back of ∩ shape or annular saddle, forms hinged non-fixed connection, can independently rotate around load cable. Each photovoltaic panel is configured with the buffer reset mechanism of spring and / or lever composition, spring has preset yield point, maintains photovoltaic panel stationary power generation when breeze, buffers swing amplitude and automatically resets when strong wind. The utility model uses dynamic wind-resistant route, wind resistance is strong, span is large, pile foundation is less, applicable to agricultural light complementary scene, and the shadow of its fast movement can stimulate crop growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wind-resistant photovoltaic technology, including agricultural-solar complementary, fishery-solar complementary, forestry-solar complementary, and pastoral-solar complementary technologies, and specifically relates to a dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support. Background Technology

[0002] The applicant's patent "Method for High-Altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation on Farmland and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable (CN117792235B)" authorizes a method and suspension cable for high-altitude photovoltaic power generation on farmland. It involves laying photovoltaic cell layers on a high-tensile-strength load-bearing cable to encapsulate a cylindrical photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, which is then erected above the farmland using supports. This allows for the absorption of surplus solar energy from the upper atmosphere for power generation, while also providing irrigation water, achieving complementary development between agricultural production and photovoltaic power generation—agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity. Its large span and minimal pile foundations avoid significantly hindering agricultural machinery operations. It overcomes many technical shortcomings of existing agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity technologies, such as large fluctuations in power generation, difficulty in high-altitude erection, high installation costs, difficulty in cleaning and maintenance, short service life, and insufficient and ineffective exploitation of surplus solar energy resources above farmland.

[0003] However, when using flexible thin-film photovoltaic cells to produce cylindrical photovoltaic power generation suspension cables, it was found that flexible thin-film photovoltaic cells have not yet achieved economies of scale. In the short term, their market price (about 1.65 yuan / watt) is unlikely to drop to the price level of monocrystalline silicon planar photovoltaic (cell) panels (about 0.8 yuan / watt). It is expected that the cost of their photovoltaic power generation suspension cables will remain high in the short term.

[0004] As the patent applicant, Guiyang Survey and Design Institute Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Hydropower Consulting Group has filed four patents: "A Desertification Control System for a Large-Span Flexible Support Photovoltaic Power Station (CN219812768U)," "A Large-Span Hyperbolic Suspension Flexible Photovoltaic Support (CN219834036U)," "A Large-Span Prestressed Double-Layer Cable Net Structure Photovoltaic Support and Its Installation Method (CN116780986A)," and "A Large-Span Flexible Cable Net Structure Photovoltaic Support (CN116667755A)." These four patents and many other existing technologies share a common technical feature: they employ "two load-bearing cables" and "one stabilizing cable" to secure the photovoltaic panels, using static photovoltaic panels to resist wind damage. In short, they adopt a static wind-resistant technical approach.

[0005] After tracking and investigating the implementation of the aforementioned patented technologies such as flexible photovoltaic supports using static wind-resistant technology, the applicant discovered that they share a common technical defect: Figure 10As shown, in a flexible photovoltaic support (power generation) system that uses "two load-bearing cables" to fix photovoltaic panels, the combined force of the strong wind torque on each photovoltaic panel at the same time will be superimposed. The violent swaying of one photovoltaic panel will inevitably cause the other photovoltaic panels to sway violently in sync through the "two load-bearing cables", resulting in extremely high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support system, so as to use inexpensive planar photovoltaic modules such as existing monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels to build another flexible photovoltaic support power generation system, achieving the technical effect of resisting super typhoons, and opening up a new technical route for dynamic wind resistance.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application proposes a flexible photovoltaic support system that is different from the existing static wind-resistant technology.

[0008] This application provides a dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support structure, including a support structure, load-bearing cables, and photovoltaic (cell) panels, characterized in that: ① Multiple photovoltaic panels are installed on the same load-bearing cable through a (specific) connection device so that each photovoltaic panel can sway (left and right) with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable under strong wind, so as to buffer the wind force and enhance the wind resistance of the system; for example, multiple photovoltaic panels are mounted on the same load-bearing cable so that they can sway around the load-bearing cable with strong wind. ② Under windless or light wind conditions, the photovoltaic panels remain relatively stationary facing the sky to receive sunlight and generate electricity; in other words, each photovoltaic panel can remain stable relative to the load-bearing cable without swaying left or right in the wind under weak wind conditions. ③ Each photovoltaic panel is equipped with at least one buffering mechanism, including but not limited to springs or levers. This mechanism effectively reduces the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel when encountering strong winds, thereby protecting the photovoltaic panel from excessive stress and automatically assisting the photovoltaic panel to return to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong winds subside. In other words, each photovoltaic panel is connected to a (buffering) spring and / or (buffering) lever. When strong winds strike (at which time the spring is stretched by a large force), it is used to buffer the swaying intensity of the photovoltaic panel (i.e., reduce the swaying impact force of the photovoltaic panel) to buffer the wind force. When the strong winds pass (at which time the spring contracts or the lever relaxes), it is used to reset the photovoltaic panel and (to resist the pulling force of a light wind below the yield point) maintain a relatively static state facing the sky. Preferably, multiple photovoltaic panels on the same load-bearing cable are electrically connected in parallel or / or series to form a complete (flat-plate) photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, which is suspended in the air between two supports.

[0009] It should be noted that the aforementioned "buffering mechanism" refers to a design used to reduce or absorb the impact of external forces (such as wind) on photovoltaic panels, protect the structural safety of photovoltaic panels, and maintain their power generation.

[0010] It should also be noted that when the pulling force is small, the spring remains unextended. However, when the pulling force exceeds a certain specific value, the spring begins to extend. This specific pulling force value is usually referred to as the critical pulling force or yield point of the spring. After adopting the above "buffering mechanism", when there is a gentle breeze, the pulling force that causes the photovoltaic panel to swing is less than the yield points of the spring and the lever, and thus cannot pull the spring and the lever. Therefore, when there is a gentle breeze, the spring and the lever can continue to maintain the relative static state of the photovoltaic panel facing the sky. When a strong wind hits, the pulling force that causes the photovoltaic panel to swing is greater than the yield points of the spring and the lever, and can pull the spring and the lever. Therefore, it is impossible to maintain the relative static state of the photovoltaic panel facing the sky, and it will surely cause the photovoltaic panels to swing around the load-bearing cable with the strong wind to buffer the wind force.

[0011] Preferably, for the flexible photovoltaic support with dynamic wind resistance, it is characterized in that one end of the spring is directly connected to the photovoltaic panel or connected to the photovoltaic panel through a lever, and the other end is connected to (other) stable objects, such as a stabilizing cable, an adjacent load-bearing cable, a water pipe, the ground and other immovable objects, for restricting the swinging amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the photovoltaic panel from rotating around the load-bearing cable (being blown by the random wind), and avoiding tearing off the electrical connection wires; or, one end of the lever is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to (other) stable objects, for restricting the swinging amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the photovoltaic panel from rotating around the load-bearing cable (being blown by the random wind), and avoiding tearing off the electrical connection wires. The lever should be rigid, such as angle iron, aluminum profile, etc.

[0012] Preferably, for the flexible photovoltaic support with dynamic wind resistance, it is characterized in that a non-fixed connection device is adopted between the photovoltaic panel and the load-bearing cable, including but not limited to a hinge structure, so that the photovoltaic panel can swing around the load-bearing cable with the strong wind, preventing the load-bearing cable from being twisted along with it, and preventing the adjacent photovoltaic panels from swinging along with it. The "non-fixed connection" mentioned here means that the photovoltaic panel can swing relative to the load-bearing cable within a certain range with the wind, rather than being completely fixed.

[0013] Preferably, for the flexible photovoltaic support with dynamic wind resistance, it is characterized in that the ratio B / D of the lever length B to the panel width D of the photovoltaic panel is B / D≥1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 10, so as to use a cheap spring with a smaller yield point to maintain the relative static state of the photovoltaic panel facing the sky. This is because the longer the lever length B, the larger the B / D value and the greater the torque, and it is easier to stabilize the photovoltaic panel. The lever length B is preferably 1-2m.

[0014] Preferably, for the flexible photovoltaic support with dynamic wind resistance, it is characterized in that the yield points of the springs are not the same (that is, uneven); or, the lever lengths B are not the same (that is, uneven). In this way, it is possible to avoid the same-frequency resonance swing of the photovoltaic panel, avoid the linked tearing and resonance damage.

[0015] Preferably, the wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the load-bearing cable is fitted with a protective sleeve (such as a bearing, pipe, clamp, etc.), and the photovoltaic panel sits on the protective sleeve to protect the load-bearing cable from wear.

[0016] Preferably, the aforementioned dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: a U-shaped saddle or annular saddle is fixed to the back or side of the photovoltaic panel, and the U-shaped saddle or annular saddle sits on the protective cable sleeve to form a non-fixed connection device such as a hinge structure. It is preferable to provide baffles, limiting pins, or other limiting components on the protective cable sleeve to prevent the photovoltaic panel from sliding along the load-bearing cable and to prevent adjacent photovoltaic panels from squeezing and colliding with each other.

[0017] Preferably, the wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: one end of the lever is connected to the photovoltaic panel, the other end is connected to one end of a spring, and the other end of the spring is connected to (other) stabilizers.

[0018] Preferably, the aforementioned dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the height of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable above the ground is cable height H, the span of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is span distance L, and the horizontal projection distance between the photovoltaic power generation suspension cables is shadow distance K; the shading coefficient D / K≤5, and the height-to-span ratio K / H≤10.

[0019] Preferably, the aforementioned wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the width D of the photovoltaic panel is ≤ 50mm, 100mm, 235mm, 322mm, 415mm, 830mm, or 1288mm. The panel width D is preferably between 100mm and 235mm, because a photovoltaic panel of this width casts a narrower shadow on the ground, reducing the time it spends across the crops, allowing sunlight to be evenly distributed across all crops without affecting normal photosynthesis; furthermore, the swaying torque generated by the wind will be very small, wind resistance will be low, and the span L can be larger.

[0020] Preferably, the cable height H is set at 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, 50m, or 100m, ensuring that the highest crop tip does not touch the photovoltaic suspension cable. Ideally, H should be ≥ 5m to avoid obstructing the operation of large agricultural machinery and drones. The span L should be ≥ 10m, 20m, 50m, 80m, 150m, or 500m, ensuring that the span L is large enough to reduce the number of supports, reduce the footprint of the pile foundation, and avoid severely obstructing the operation of large agricultural machinery. Ideally, the span L should be ≥ 120m for ultra-large span applications. The shadow distance K should be ≥ 0.05m, 0.1m, 0.2m, 0.5m, 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, or 10m, appropriately reducing the shadow area of ​​the photovoltaic suspension cable, ensuring the minimum amount of light required for crop growth, and avoiding yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis.

[0021] More preferably, the cable height H should be greater than the set size, and the shading coefficient D / K should be ≤0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, or 3, etc., to ensure that each noon shadow moves one noon shadow width every 1-20 minutes (preferably every 1-5 minutes); the same shadow should not stay on the same crop (at the same location) for more than 30 minutes, to ensure the minimum amount of light required for crop growth and avoid yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis; to unify the detection standard, the noon shadow is defined here as the shadow cast by the sun on the ground by the photovoltaic power generation cable at noon (i.e., from 11:00 to 13:00); in other words, the noon shadow refers to the shadow cast by the sun on the ground by the photovoltaic power generation cable at 11:00 to 13:00.

[0022] Studies show that with cable height H≥2m, D≤0.415m, and shading coefficient D / K≤0.25, the crops receive sunlight intermittently for 3-5 minutes every 20 minutes. This intermittent shading of the same crop by multiple adjacent photovoltaic suspension cables, with repeated blocking and unblocking, stimulates growth and increases yield. On average, this reduces the sunlight absorbed by the crops by 13-20%. One set of data shows that a reduction of less than 13% (equivalent to D / K≤0.15) has no impact on photosynthesis or yield; another set shows that a reduction of more than 20% (equivalent to D / K≥0.25) begins to have some impact on photosynthesis and yield. Therefore, the golden ratio of cable height H≥2m, D≤0.415m (0.235m is best), D / K≤0.25, and each noon shadow moving a distance equal to the width of one noon shadow every 1-20 minutes is a ratio that does not hinder crop photosynthesis and has universal application value.

[0023] Studies show that the duration of a shadow on the same crop is inversely proportional to height (H) and directly proportional to depth (D). Taking Xiuying District of Haikou City as an example, for a 50-meter-high north-south photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, the shadow's movement speed at noon (11:00 AM) on March 4th was 68 cm / minute. If the cable height (H) is reduced to 4.6 meters, the shadow's movement speed will decrease to 2.5 cm / minute; if it is reduced to 1.2 meters, the speed will decrease to 0.6 cm / minute. Furthermore, if the cable height (H) is reduced to 5 meters at noon (1:30 PM) on March 4th, the shadow's movement speed will decrease to 1.3 cm / minute. Comparative observations during the same period revealed that for a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable with a height H of 5 meters running east-west, the shadow (southward) moves at a speed of only 0.33 mm / min. This shadow movement speed is far too slow. In practical implementation, wider photovoltaic power generation suspension cables should be avoided along east-west directions and instead, they should be erected along north-south directions whenever possible. Therefore, to mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the suspension cable height H should be increased as much as possible. Given that a height H of 1 meter results in a long shadow dwell time on the crop, which can severely damage crop growth, such a low height H is not recommended. Furthermore, to further mitigate the impact of slow shadow movement on crop growth, the width D of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable should also be minimized.

[0024] In summary, in practical implementation, the cable height H should preferably be above 2m, and preferably above 4m; the panel width D should preferably be below 0.15m, and preferably below 0.1m; the horizontal projection distance K should preferably be above 0.5m, and preferably above 1m; D / K ≤ 0.25, and preferably the golden ratio of D / K ≤ 0.15. However, the current market standard for small-sized photovoltaic panels is 1.2m × 0.6m, producing a shadow 0.6m wide, several times wider than the optimal shadow width of 0.235m proposed in this application. Such a wide shadow will inevitably remain on the same crop for a long time (generally exceeding one hour each time), leading to weakened photosynthesis and reduced yield, inevitably causing a significant ecological impact on the original crops on the farmland.

[0025] In practice, the shading coefficient D / K should be selected according to the type of crop in the cultivated land. For crops that require shading nets to regulate light levels, and for woodlands where yield is not a concern, such as vegetable crops like lettuce, romaine lettuce, spinach, cabbage, mustard greens, celery, green forests, and grasslands, the shading coefficient D / K can be appropriately increased, the shadow distance K reduced, and the width of the shading net D increased.

[0026] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is suspended along a north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39° to the meridian. This increases the speed of shadow movement, allowing the shadow to quickly move away from the same crop, thus reducing the impact on crop photosynthesis.

[0027] Preferably, the aforementioned wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: an irrigation water pipe (connected to an existing drip / sprinkler irrigation system) is provided on the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, and the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable and the irrigation water pipe share the load-bearing cable and support. In this way, the technical solution of this application can not only utilize the surplus sunlight above the farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also simultaneously transport water for irrigation.

[0028] A more preferred embodiment of the aforementioned wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized by: supplementary photovoltaic lamps (commonly known as plant growth lamps) installed on the photovoltaic power generation suspension cables. The photovoltaic power generation suspension cables, supplementary photovoltaic lamps, and their power supply wires share the same load-bearing cables and supports, used to provide supplemental lighting for light-loving crops at night to promote crop growth, thereby achieving a three-in-one agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity of photovoltaic power generation, nighttime supplemental lighting, and water supply irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of this application can not only utilize the surplus sunlight above the farmland for photovoltaic power generation, but also conveniently provide water supply irrigation, and provide supplemental lighting for light-loving crops at night to promote crop growth.

[0029] Preferably, the wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the load-bearing cable or the protective cable sleeve is provided with a limiting component to prevent the photovoltaic panel from sliding along the load-bearing cable and to prevent adjacent photovoltaic panels from colliding with each other.

[0030] Preferably, the wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that the photovoltaic panel is an arc-shaped photovoltaic panel with a bending radius greater than 0.30m. This is because the bending radii of currently available low-priced semi-flexible photovoltaic modules are all greater than 0.30m, making it difficult to manufacture the small-diameter cylindrical photovoltaic suspension cable required in the "High-altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation Method for Farmland and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable (CN117792235B)". However, it can be applied in this application to manufacture an arc-shaped photovoltaic panel with a bending radius greater than 0.30m.

[0031] Preferably, the aforementioned dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: among the multiple photovoltaic panels on the same load-bearing cable, some photovoltaic panels have a larger area on the left side of the load-bearing cable, while others have a larger area on the right side. This allows some photovoltaic panels to easily swing clockwise and others counterclockwise when a gust of wind blows, thus subjecting the stabilizing cable to tension in multiple different directions simultaneously, resulting in a situation where the resultant force on the stabilizing cable is zero, thereby preventing the stabilizing cable from breaking. Alternatively, the photovoltaic panel areas on the left and right sides of the load-bearing cable are not equal.

[0032] Preferably, the aforementioned dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: the photovoltaic panel is equipped with a force limiter (e.g., composed of a pair of permanent electromagnets). During periods of calm, light wind, or low-level typhoons, the force limiter restrains the photovoltaic panel, keeping it stationary and facing the sky. When strong winds arrive, the photovoltaic panel detaches from the force limiter, and springs act as a buffer to cushion the wind force. The force limiter can be any existing force limiting device, such as a fracture bolt, overload protector, or safety pin, including electrically controlled force limiting devices.

[0033] Furthermore, the aforementioned wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized by: cable height H≥2m, plate width D≤0.415m, shading coefficient D / K≤0.25, and each noon shadow moving a distance equal to the width of one noon shadow every 1-20 minutes, thereby ensuring the minimum light requirements for crop growth and avoiding yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis.

[0034] Furthermore, the aforementioned dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized by comprising any one of the following technical features: a1 to a10, b1 to b8, c1 to c6, e1 to e8, f1 to f12, g1 to g5, or y1 to y5. a1D≤10mm, a2D≤20mm, a3D≤30mm, a4D≤50mm, a5D≤100mm, a6D≤235mm, a7D≤322mm, a8D≤415mm, a9D≤830mm, a10D≤1288mm; b1H≥1m, b2H≥2m, b3H≥3m, b4H≥5m, b5H≥10m, b6H≥20m, b7H≥30m, b8H≥50m; c1L≥10m, c2L≥20m, c3L≥50m, c4L≥80m, c5L≥150m, c6L≥500m; e1K≥0.05m, e2K≥0.1m, e3K≥0.2m, e4K≥0.5m, e5K≥1m, e6K≥2m, e7K≥3m, e8K≥5m; f1D / K≤0.01, f2D / K≤0.02, f3D / K≤0.03, f4D / K≤0.05, f5D / K≤0.1, f6D / K ≤0.2, f7D / K≤0.3, f8D / K≤0.5, f9D / K≤1, f10D / K≤2, f11D / K≤3, f12D / K≤5; g1K / H≤0.1, g2K / H≤0.5, g3K / H≤1, g4K / H≤2, g5K / H≤5; y1B / D≥2, y2B / D≥3, y3B / D≥4, y4B / D≥5, y5B / D≥10.

[0035] Furthermore, the wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support is characterized in that: multiple adjacent photovoltaic power generation suspension cables continuously block and release the sunlight of the same crop in turn, so that the crop can receive intermittent light, thereby stimulating crop growth and increasing crop yield.

[0036] The term "load-bearing cable" as used in this application refers to any linear object that can support a photovoltaic panel through tension, including ropes, steel cables, chains, and linear objects composed of multiple sections of rods, tubes, or profiles connected together.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0038] Firstly, it possesses all ten beneficial technical effects of the prior application "Method for High-Altitude Photovoltaic Power Generation on Cultivated Land and Photovoltaic Power Generation Suspension Cable (CN117792235B)," and is cost-effective. This is because this application uses inexpensive planar solar panels such as existing monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels (instead of using expensive flexible thin-film solar panels) and encapsulates another type of (flat-plate) photovoltaic power generation suspension cable manufactured using planar solar panels.

[0039] Secondly, there is no linkage or resonance: the photovoltaic panels that make up the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable in this application are separate structures with no linkage connection between them. The violent swaying of one photovoltaic panel will not be transmitted to other photovoltaic panels through a single load-bearing cable. Within the hundreds of meters long photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, each photovoltaic panel will inevitably be subjected to multiple strong winds of multiple phases and directions at the same time. Their directions and combined forces will inevitably cancel each other out, making it difficult for them to superimpose and enhance each other, thus minimizing the destructive force. Therefore, the dynamic wind resistance cost of this application is extremely low. (Similar to...) Figure 11 The structure is similar to the separated structure of a string of leaves (each leaf has its own freedom to sway, and the swaying of one leaf will not cause the other leaves to sway in sync). Similarly, the violent swaying of one photovoltaic panel will not cause the other photovoltaic panels to sway violently in sync, meaning there is no linkage or resonance. In contrast, existing flexible support photovoltaic power station solutions, such as the background technology "A rocky desertification control system for a large-span flexible support photovoltaic power station (CN219812768U)," are... Figure 10 As shown, they all use "two load-bearing cables" to stabilize the photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels are interconnected, meaning they lack individual swaying freedom. The twisting of one panel inevitably affects the other, causing resonance and making them vulnerable to strong winds and easily damaged. It is worth emphasizing that this application includes... Figure 5The proposed "dynamic wind resistance" innovative implementation scheme, which differs from the existing "static wind resistance" technology, passed the field test of Super Typhoon Mangkhut (No. 11 of 2024). Analysis shows that the "dynamic wind resistance" in this application adopts a strategy of controlling the wind with the wind, while the existing "static wind resistance" adopts a strategy of controlling the wind with the wind. The two approaches are completely different, and the technical effects are vastly different.

[0040] Thirdly, it saves one load-bearing cable, eliminating the need for a dedicated stabilizing cable, resulting in lower costs and stronger wind resistance. Compared to the current flexible photovoltaic support (power generation) system constructed with "two load-bearing cables" and "one stabilizing cable," this application saves at least one load-bearing cable. In fact, one stabilizing cable can be shared by multiple power generation suspension cables simultaneously. It is even possible to eliminate the need for a dedicated stabilizing cable and use an adjacent load-bearing cable as a stabilizing cable, resulting in extremely low costs and extremely strong wind resistance.

[0041] Fourth, intermittent sunlight can increase yield and income: Because photovoltaic suspension cables can run north-south, are very narrow and high, and have a small height-to-interval ratio (K / H), the shadows of multiple adjacent photovoltaic suspension cables can alternately block sunlight as the sun moves (quickly and automatically without power or manual intervention), allowing crops to receive intermittent sunlight, thereby stimulating crop growth and increasing crop yield. In this way, it not only does not affect photosynthesis but also promotes crop growth and increases yield. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of the present application (Example 1) of a dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support system over farmland.

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the horizontal projection cross-section of multiple photovoltaic power generation suspension cables in farmland.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel, a load-bearing cable, a lever, and a stabilizing cable.

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A side view diagram.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a section of a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable in this application (Example 2).

[0047] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side view diagram.

[0048] Figure 7 This is another side view of a section of a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure with an irrigation water pipe below the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable in this application (Example 3).

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this application (Example 4) where a supplementary photovoltaic lamp is installed below the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable.

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current flexible photovoltaic support system with dual load-bearing cables linked together to stabilize the photovoltaic panel.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a series of separate leaves.

[0053] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional clamp-type cable sheath used in this application.

[0054] Figure 13 for Figure 5 Another side view diagram.

[0055] Figure 14 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the horizontal projection cross-section of another type of photovoltaic power generation suspension cable in farmland.

[0056] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a load-bearing cable and a photovoltaic panel.

[0057] Figure 16 for Figure 13 A side view schematic diagram of a device with a force limiter added to the middle.

[0058] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-Photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, 2-Bearing cable, 3-Photovoltaic panel, 4-Lever, 5-Stabilizing cable, 6-Support, 601-Support beam (or support cable), 7-Crop, 8-Farmland, 9-Shadow, 10-Spring, 11-Saddle, 12-Electrical connection line, 13-(Irrigation) water pipe, 14-Large agricultural machinery, 15-(Irrigation) water, 16-Sunlight, 17-Supplemental photovoltaic lamp, 18-Cable sleeve, 19-Leaf, 20-Limiting component, 21-Force limiter. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this application easier to understand, the following describes this application in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, this application defines the length direction of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable and the load-bearing cable as longitudinal, and the direction perpendicular to it as left and right.

[0061] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can refer to an electrical connection or a direct connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, thousands of photovoltaic power generation suspension cables 1, spaced 0.5-3 meters apart and 3-15 meters above the ground, are suspended in a north-south direction above a plot of farmland 8 (such as a wheat field, vegetable garden, cornfield, or orchard). It should be noted that these suspension cables 1 are designed to highlight the photovoltaic power generation suspension cables 1. Figure 1 Specific details such as lever 4 and stabilizing cable 5 are not shown in the diagram.

[0064] The first step is to purchase some 182mm wide photovoltaic cells and fabricate them into lightweight, elongated flat photovoltaic panels (3) that are 202mm wide and 1200mm long. Since the curvature of existing curved photovoltaic cells is very small and they are expensive, it is difficult to manufacture circular photovoltaic suspension cables with a narrower panel width D (e.g., less than 150mm in diameter). Therefore, lightweight, elongated flat photovoltaic modules are chosen here.

[0065] The second step involves directly using long, flat photovoltaic modules as photovoltaic panels 3. These panels 3 are then mounted (including by using rings) on the same load-bearing cable 2, and connected end-to-end to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1. It is best to use a load-bearing cable 2 with a high tensile strength greater than 1200 MPa, such as φ15.2×3 galvanized prestressed steel strand, high-strength fiber rope, carbon fiber cable, fiberglass cable, steel wire rope, or lightweight pipe.

[0066] The third step involves suspending the numerous photovoltaic power generation suspension cables 1, constructed using supports 6 exceeding 15 meters in height, above the cultivated land 8, much like erecting high-voltage power transmission lines. The cable height H of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 can be set to 12 meters, the span L of a single span can be set to 120-500 meters, and the horizontal projection distance K of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 (on the cultivated land 8) is preferably set to 1.2-2.4 meters. For example, H can be ≥ 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, or 50m; in short, the cable height H should be high enough to ensure that the top of the crop 7 does not touch the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1. Alternatively, L can be ≥ 10m, 20m, 50m, 100m, or 500m; in short, the span L should be large enough to reduce the number of supports 6, decrease the footprint of the pile foundation, and avoid severely hindering the operation of large agricultural machinery 14. Ideally, K should be ≥ 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, or 10m. In short, the width of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 and the width of the shadow 9 should be appropriately reduced to ensure the minimum light requirements for crop growth 7 and avoid yield reduction due to insufficient photosynthesis.

[0067] In order to reduce the number of pile foundations, save land area, and ensure that the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 can be erected along the north-south direction, in specific implementation, the support beam 601 in the support 6 may not be a rigid beam, but a flexible beam (i.e., support cable), such as a very thick steel cable (not shown in the figure).

[0068] It should be noted that the photovoltaic panels 3 in the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 should not be fixed to the load-bearing cable 3, so that the photovoltaic panels 3 form the "non-fixed connection" mentioned above. That is, the photovoltaic panels 3 can sway with the wind relative to the load-bearing cable 2 within a certain range, rather than being completely fixed. In other words, they can each sway around the load-bearing cable 2 (or sway slightly left and right).

[0069] The photovoltaic panel 3 is aligned with the length of the load-bearing cable 2 (set up) so that the photovoltaic panel 3 remains stationary facing the sky to receive sunlight for power generation; wherein, the height of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 above the ground is cable height H, the span of a single span of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 is L, and the horizontal projection spacing of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 is set as shadow distance K; the shading coefficient D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30 or 0.50 or 1 or 2 or 3, and the height-to-spacing ratio K / H ≤ 0.1 or 0.5 or 1 or 2, (to ensure) the time for the same shadow 9 to pass over the same position on the same crop 7 does not exceed 30 minutes.

[0070] Ideally, each photovoltaic panel 3 sitting on the same load-bearing cable 2 should be equipped with a lever 4. One end of the lever 4 should be fixed to the photovoltaic panel 3 and the other end should be fixed to the stabilizing cable 5. The inherent elasticity and tension of the stabilizing cable 5 should be used to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 through the lever 4, keeping it in a static state facing the sky. This way, when strong winds blow, each panel can swing around the load-bearing cable 2, thereby avoiding synchronized resonance and damage to the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1.

[0071] Preferably, a protective sleeve 18 (such as a bearing, pipe, or sheath clamp) is attached to the load-bearing cable 2, allowing the photovoltaic panel 3 to sit on the protective sleeve 18 to protect the load-bearing cable 2 and prevent it from being worn by the swaying photovoltaic panel 3. Also preferably, a baffle, limiting pin, or other limiting component 20 is provided on the protective sleeve to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from sliding along the load-bearing cable 2 and to prevent adjacent photovoltaic panels 3 from squeezing and colliding with each other.

[0072] Another preferred option is that the ratio of the length B of lever 4 to the width D of photovoltaic panel 3, B / D, is ≥ 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10. This is because the longer lever 4 is, the larger the B / D ratio becomes, making it easier to exert the lever effect and stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 with very little tension. The length B of lever 4 is preferably 1-2m.

[0073] Preferably, a U-shaped saddle 11 is fixed to the back of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the U-shaped saddle 11 sits on the protective cable sleeve 18. The opening of the U-shaped saddle 11 is preferably closed to form a hinge structure.

[0074] It should be noted that in specific implementation, the width of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 should be appropriately reduced and the spacing of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cables 1 should be appropriately increased to ensure that the ratio of the width D of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 to the shadow distance K of the horizontal projection of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 (on the cultivated land 8) is: D / K ≤ 0.01 or 0.02 or 0.03 or 0.05 or 0.10 or 0.20 or 0.30. This ensures that the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 quickly (e.g., within 5 minutes) passes over the same crop 7 as the sun moves (ideally moving a distance of 1 panel width D within 5 minutes), thus avoiding the same crop 7 remaining in the shadow 9 of the same photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 for a long time (e.g., more than 30 minutes), which would reduce photosynthesis and lead to reduced crop yield. Studies have found that the duration of shadow 9 on the same crop 7 is inversely proportional to H and directly proportional to D. Therefore, to mitigate the impact of shadows on crop growth, the suspension height H of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 should be increased as much as possible, and the width D of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1 should be reduced as much as possible. It is best to select H as 2-15m and D as 10-25cm.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, referring to the previous example, numerous long strip-shaped planar photovoltaic modules are directly used as photovoltaic panels 3, straddling the same load-bearing cable 2 end to end, and levers 4 are used to pull them to other adjacent stable objects such as stabilizing cables 5 and adjacent load-bearing cables 2. They are connected in series with electrical connection lines 12 and suspended above the farmland 8 through a support 6 higher than 15 meters, like erecting a high-voltage transmission line. This forms a kind of dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support.

[0077] Preferably, the other end of lever 4 is fixed to the stabilizing cable 5 by spring 10, so that when strong winds blow, each panel can more easily sway around the load-bearing cable 2, thereby avoiding synchronized resonance that could damage the photovoltaic panels 3. In this way, when the wind is light, the torque generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panels 3 will be small and will not reach the yield point of spring 10, so the photovoltaic panels 3 will remain stationary facing the sky to receive sunlight 16 for power generation. When the wind is strong, the torque generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panels 3 will be large, exceeding the yield point of spring 10. Spring 10 will then begin to extend, causing the photovoltaic panels 3 to sway individually to buffer the wind force, enhance the system's wind resistance, and thus avoid synchronized and resonant damage. Lever 4 is preferably... Figure 13 The hook arm shown has one end welded to the back of the photovoltaic panel 3 and hooked (i.e., straddling) onto the protective cable sleeve 18, and the other end fixed to the stabilizing cable 5. It is preferable to connect the lever 4 and / or the spring 10 to other adjacent load-bearing cables 2 (such as...). Figure 14 As shown, the dedicated stabilizing cable 5 can be omitted, thereby further saving costs. Multiple adjacent photovoltaic power generation suspension cables 1 can also share the same stabilizing cable 5 (not shown in the figure) to further reduce costs.

[0078] Preferably, such as Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 3 is made of a semi-flexible photovoltaic module with a bending radius greater than 0.30 meters, thus forming a photovoltaic panel 3 with a certain curvature. This is because the bending radii of the currently available low-priced semi-flexible photovoltaic modules are all greater than 0.30 meters, making it difficult to manufacture the small-diameter cylindrical photovoltaic power generation suspension cable required by the background technology "High-altitude photovoltaic power generation method and photovoltaic power generation suspension cable (CN117792235B)". However, it can be applied in this application to manufacture an arc-shaped photovoltaic panel 3 with a bending radius greater than 0.30 meters.

[0079] Preferably, such as Figure 15 As shown, among the multiple photovoltaic panels 3 on the same load-bearing cable 2, some photovoltaic panels 3 have a larger area on the left side of the load-bearing cable 2, while others have a larger area on the right side of the load-bearing cable 2. This is so that when a gust of wind blows, some photovoltaic panels 3 are more likely to swing clockwise, while others are more likely to swing counterclockwise. This allows the stabilizing cable 2 to be subjected to multiple tensions in different directions at the same time, resulting in a situation where the resultant force on the stabilizing cable 2 is zero. This prevents the stabilizing cable 2 from breaking, and makes the photovoltaic panels 3 more likely to sway.

[0080] Best of all Figure 16 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 3 is equipped with a force limiter 21 (e.g., composed of a pair of permanent electromagnets). During periods of calm, light winds, or low-level typhoons, the force limiter 21 provides tension to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3, keeping it stationary and facing the sky. When strong winds arrive, the photovoltaic panel 3 breaks free from the force limiter 21, and the spring 10 provides a buffering tension to cushion the wind force. The force limiter 21 can be any of the various existing force limiting devices, including electrically controlled force limiting devices, such as fracture bolts, overload protectors, and safety pins.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, referring to the above one or two examples, a water pipe 13 (connected to the existing drip irrigation / sprinkler irrigation system) is added below the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 and the water pipe 13 share the load-bearing cable 2 and its support 6, which is used to spray irrigation water 15 on the crops 7, thereby realizing photovoltaic power generation + artificial rain, and thus transforming the arid farmland into a high-yield farmland with abundant rainfall.

[0083] It should be noted that it is best to use spring 10 and lever 4, with one end fixed to water pipe 13, so that when strong winds blow, they can more easily sway around the load-bearing cable 2, thus avoiding synchronized resonance that could damage the photovoltaic panel 3. In this way, when the wind is weak, the torque generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel 3 will be small and will not reach the yield point of spring 10, so the photovoltaic panel 3 will remain stationary facing the sky to receive sunlight 16 for power generation; when the wind is strong, the torque generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel 3 will be large and will exceed the yield point of spring 10, so spring 10 will begin to stretch, and thus the photovoltaic panel 3 will sway, thereby avoiding linkage and resonance damage.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] like Figure 9 As shown in Embodiment 2, a supplementary photovoltaic lamp 17 (commonly known as a plant growth lamp) is added below the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable 1. This allows the photovoltaic panel 3, the supplementary photovoltaic lamp 17, and their power supply wires to share the same load-bearing cable 2 and its support 6. This provides supplementary lighting for the light-loving crop 7 at night, promoting its growth and achieving a three-in-one agricultural-photovoltaic complementarity of photovoltaic power generation, nighttime supplementary lighting, and irrigation. In this way, the technical solution of this application not only utilizes the surplus sunlight 16 above the cultivated land 8 for photovoltaic power generation but also provides irrigation via water delivery 15 and supplementary lighting for the light-loving crop 7 at night to promote its growth.

[0086] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application. The accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams and are not drawn to scale. They cannot be used to limit the scope of this application. Equivalent variations made based on the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support structure, comprising a support, load-bearing cables, and photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: Multiple photovoltaic panels are fixed with ∩-shaped saddles or ring saddles on their backs or sides. The load-bearing cable is clamped with a protective cable sleeve corresponding to the position of each photovoltaic panel. The saddle sits on the protective cable sleeve to form a hinged non-fixed connection, so that each photovoltaic panel can rotate independently around the load-bearing cable. Each photovoltaic panel is equipped with a buffer reset mechanism, which is a spring mechanism, a lever mechanism, or a combination of spring and lever; wherein, one end of the spring is directly connected to the photovoltaic panel or connected to the photovoltaic panel through the lever, and the other end is connected to a stabilizer; one end of the lever is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is directly connected to the stabilizer or connected to the stabilizer through the spring; The spring has a preset yield point. When the wind force applied to the photovoltaic panel is less than the tension corresponding to the yield point, the spring maintains its original length, keeping the photovoltaic panel in a static state facing the sky to receive sunlight and generate electricity. When the wind force applied to the photovoltaic panel is greater than the tension corresponding to the yield point, the spring extends to buffer the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel. After the strong wind passes, the spring contracts and drives the photovoltaic panel back to a static state facing the sky.

2. The flexible photovoltaic support system with dynamic wind resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring is directly connected to the photovoltaic panel or to the photovoltaic panel through a lever, and the other end is connected to a stabilizer to limit the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, prevent the photovoltaic panel from spinning around the load-bearing cable, and avoid breaking the power connection wire; Alternatively, one end of the lever is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to a stabilizer to limit the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, prevent the photovoltaic panel from spinning around the load-bearing cable, and avoid breaking the power connection wire.

3. The dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel and the load-bearing cable are connected by a non-fixed connection device, including but not limited to a hinge structure, so that the photovoltaic panel can sway around the load-bearing cable with strong winds, so as to prevent adjacent photovoltaic panels from swaying as well.

4. The dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the lever length B to the photovoltaic panel width D is B / D≥1; or the yield points of the springs are not the same; or the lever length B is not the same.

5. The dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load-bearing cable has a protective sleeve on the clamp, and the photovoltaic panel sits on the protective sleeve to protect the load-bearing cable from wear.

6. The dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ∩-shaped saddle or a ring saddle is fixed to the back or side of the photovoltaic panel. The ∩-shaped saddle or the ring saddle sits on the protective cable sleeve to form a non-fixed connection device.

7. The flexible photovoltaic support structure with dynamic wind resistance according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the lever is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to one end of a spring. The other end of the spring is connected to a stabilizer.

8. The dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable above the ground is called cable height H, the span of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is called span distance L, and the horizontal projection distance of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is called shadow distance K; the shading coefficient D / K≤5, and the height-to-span ratio K / H≤10.

9. A dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is erected along a north-south direction, which includes all directions with an angle of less than 39° to the meridian. and / or; The photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is equipped with an irrigation water pipe, and the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable and the irrigation water pipe share the load-bearing cable and support structure. and / or; The photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is equipped with a supplementary photovoltaic lamp. The photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, the supplementary photovoltaic lamp and their power supply wires share the same load-bearing cable and support. and / or; The load-bearing cable or protective cable sleeve is equipped with limiting components to prevent the photovoltaic panel from sliding along the load-bearing cable and to prevent adjacent photovoltaic panels from colliding with each other; and / or; The photovoltaic panel is an arc-shaped photovoltaic panel with a bending radius greater than 0.30m; and / or; Among the multiple photovoltaic panels on the same load-bearing cable, some photovoltaic panels have a larger area on the left side of the load-bearing cable, while others have a larger area on the right side of the load-bearing cable. and / or; The photovoltaic panels on the left and right sides of the load-bearing cable have unequal areas; and / or; The photovoltaic panel is equipped with a force limiter. During periods of low wind, the force limiter holds the photovoltaic panel in place, keeping it stationary and facing the sky. When strong winds arrive, the photovoltaic panel is released from the force limiter, and springs act as a buffer to cushion the wind force. and / or; Cable height H≥2m, board width D≤0.415m, shading coefficient D / K≤0.25, each noon shadow moves a distance equal to the width of one noon shadow every 1-20 minutes.

10. A dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes any one of the following technical features: a1 to a10, b1 to b8, c1 to c6, e1 to e8, f1 to f12, g1 to g5, or y1 to y5: a1D≤10mm, a2D≤20mm, a3D≤30mm, a4D≤50mm, a5D≤100mm, a6D≤235mm, a7D≤322mm, a8D≤415mm, a9D≤830mm, a10D≤1288mm; b1H≥1m, b2H≥2m, b3H≥3m, b4H≥5m, b5H≥10m, b6H≥20m, b7H≥30m, b8H≥50m; c1L≥10m, c2L≥20m, c3L≥50m, c4L≥80m, c5L≥150m, c6L≥500m; e1K≥0.05m, e2K≥0.1m, e3K≥0.2m, e4K≥0.5m, e5K≥1m, e6K≥2m, e7K≥3m, e8K≥5m; f1D / K≤0.01, f2D / K≤0.02, f3D / K≤0.03, f4D / K≤0.05, f5D / K≤0.1, f6D / K≤0.2, f7D / K≤0.3, f8D / K≤0.5, f9D / K≤1, f10D / K≤2, f11D / K≤3, f12D / K≤5; g1K / H≤0.1, g2K / H≤0.5, g3K / H≤1, g4K / H≤2, g5K / H≤5; y1B / D≥2, y2B / D≥3, y3B / D≥4, y4B / D≥5, y5B / D≥10.

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