A quick positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of turbine blade processing technology, specifically disclosing a rapid positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades. It includes a positioning base and a clamping assembly. The top surface of the positioning base has a first positioning boss. The clamping assembly is detachably mounted on the positioning base and located near the first positioning boss. The first positioning boss has a blade positioning surface conforming to the blade shape. The clamping assembly includes a clamping hammer, which is positioned above the blade positioning surface and can be driven to move closer to or away from the blade positioning surface. This utility model achieves rapid and accurate positioning of the blade by setting multiple different positioning surfaces on the positioning base. Combined with the clamping assembly, the blade can be quickly clamped and fixed, offering advantages such as rapid and accurate positioning, protection of blade surface quality, and improved production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of turbine blade processing technology, and in particular relates to a fast positioning fixture for wire cutting of single crystal turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of aero-engines, turbine blades operate in extremely harsh environments, needing to withstand the enormous centrifugal force, aerodynamic and thermal stresses generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor, as well as continuous vibration loads. To improve turbine blade performance, modern aero-engines generally employ single-crystal turbine blade designs. This design significantly improves the operating temperature and stress that the blades can withstand by eliminating weak grain boundaries within the alloy. However, single-crystal turbine blades face a critical problem during manufacturing: if they are subjected to external forces such as impacts before heat treatment, resulting in stress concentration, these stress concentration areas are highly susceptible to recrystallization defects during heat treatment, severely affecting blade performance and leading to product defects.

[0003] In the manufacturing process of single-crystal turbine blades, to improve the casting yield, additional structures such as feeding runners and crystal guides are typically added. These additional structures need to be removed by wire cutting before heat treatment. Currently used universal clamping fixtures have significant drawbacks: firstly, the clamping process can easily cause uneven stress or impacts on the blades, increasing the risk of recrystallization defects; secondly, each blade requires individual adjustment of the clamping position and angle, greatly reducing production efficiency. Especially when processing single-crystal turbine blades with complex profiles, existing clamping methods struggle to achieve rapid and precise positioning and cannot effectively protect the blade surface quality.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fast positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades, which has the advantages of fast and accurate positioning, protection of blade surface quality, and improved production efficiency, so as to solve the problems of complex positioning process, low positioning efficiency and accuracy of conventional fixtures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a quick positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades, including a positioning base and a clamping assembly. The top surface of the positioning base is provided with a first positioning boss. The clamping assembly is detachably installed on the positioning base and located near the first positioning boss. The first positioning boss is provided with a blade positioning surface that conforms to the blade. The clamping assembly includes a clamping hammer, which is located above the blade positioning surface and can be driven to move closer to or away from the blade positioning surface.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a second positioning boss, which is fixedly disposed on the positioning base and located on one side of the blade positioning surface along its length. The first positioning boss and the second positioning boss clamp and position the blade along its length.

[0008] Furthermore, the blade positioning surface is located on the top surface of the first positioning boss, and the blade positioning surface is a curved surface that conforms to the blade back profile.

[0009] Furthermore, the first positioning boss is provided with a first positioning profile, and the second positioning boss is provided with a second positioning profile; the first positioning profile is provided on the side wall of the first positioning boss, and the first positioning profile is connected to the end of the blade positioning surface in the length direction; the second positioning profile is provided opposite to the first positioning profile, and the second positioning profile and the first positioning profile form a rim plate positioning surface that conforms to the rim plate profile of the blade.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly also includes a pull rod and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is detachably mounted on the positioning base and located near the first positioning boss. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the hinge seat, and the other end of the pull rod is detachably mounted with a clamping hammer. The pull rod can be driven to swing in the vertical direction, and the clamping hammer is driven by the pull rod to swing closer to or away from the blade positioning surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping assembly also includes a handle and a connecting rod. The handle is hinged to the hinge seat, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle of the handle, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the pull rod. The handle drives the pull rod to swing through the connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping hammer includes a hammer rod and a soft pressure head installed at the bottom end of the hammer rod. The pull rod is equipped with a clamp, which can be limited to move along the length of the pull rod. The hammer rod is detachably installed on the clamp.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows:

[0014] This utility model discloses a rapid positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades. By setting multiple different positioning surfaces on the positioning base, it achieves rapid and accurate positioning of the blades. With the clamping assembly, the blades can be quickly clamped and fixed. Compared with the prior art, this utility model realizes rapid positioning and clamping of single blades, effectively improving production efficiency, reducing the possibility of blades being bumped or subjected to external forces, and avoiding recrystallization defects in the blades. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rapid positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of a rapid positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning base of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the clamping assembly of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0021] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: positioning base 1, first positioning boss 2, second positioning boss 3, clamping hammer 4, hammer rod 401, pressure head 402, pull rod 5, hinge seat 6, handle 7, connecting rod 8, blade 9, chuck 10, blade positioning surface 11, first positioning profile 12, second positioning profile 13.

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-5As shown: A rapid positioning fixture for wire cutting of single-crystal turbine blades includes a positioning base 1 and a clamping assembly. The top surface of the positioning base 1 has a first positioning boss 2. The clamping assembly is detachably mounted on the positioning base 1 and located near the first positioning boss 2. The first positioning boss 2 has a blade positioning surface 11 conforming to the blade 9. The clamping assembly includes a clamping hammer 4, which is positioned above the blade positioning surface 11 and can be driven to move closer to or away from the blade positioning surface 11. Specifically, the positioning base 1 can be made of cast iron or steel to ensure sufficient rigidity and stability. The first positioning boss 2 and the positioning base 1 can be connected by bolts or integrally cast. In this embodiment, integral casting is preferred for a more stable structure and better support. The clamping assembly can be detachably connected to the positioning base 1 using clips or bolts. The blade positioning surface 11 can be CNC machined according to the specific blade 9 profile to ensure precise matching with the blade back profile. The clamping hammer 4 can move towards or away from the blade positioning surface 11 using pneumatic, hydraulic, or manual lever drive. In this embodiment, by setting a positioning surface that precisely matches the blade 9 profile, collisions with the blade 9 are avoided during clamping. Simultaneously, the detachable clamping assembly design enables rapid clamping and positioning of the blade 9. The adjustable design of the clamping hammer 4 ensures stable fixation of the blade 9 during cutting, preventing recrystallization defects caused by stress concentration and improving clamping efficiency. Compared to general clamping fixtures, this fixture, through the combination of profile positioning and rapid clamping, significantly improves production efficiency while ensuring processing quality.

[0024] In this embodiment, a second positioning boss 3 is also included. The second positioning boss 3 is fixedly disposed on the positioning base 1 and located on one side of the blade positioning surface 11 along its length. The first positioning boss 2 and the second positioning boss 3 form a clamping and positioning mechanism for the blade 9 along its length. Specifically, the second positioning boss 3 cooperates with the first positioning boss 2 to form a semi-enclosed clamping structure along the length of the blade 9. The second positioning boss 3 can be made of the same material as the first positioning boss 2, such as high-strength alloy steel, to ensure positioning stability. Thus, by setting the second positioning boss 3, which cooperates with the first positioning boss 2, stable clamping and positioning can be achieved along the length of the blade 9, preventing displacement or vibration of the blade 9 during processing, further improving positioning accuracy and ease of operation. This structure is simple and reliable, effectively reducing clamping and adjustment time and improving production efficiency. At the same time, due to the high positioning accuracy, stress concentration caused by external forces on the blade 9 during processing can be avoided, thereby reducing the risk of recrystallization defects.

[0025] In this embodiment, the blade positioning surface 11 is disposed on the top surface of the first positioning boss 2, and the blade positioning surface 11 is a curved surface conforming to the blade back profile of the blade 9. Specifically, the blade positioning surface 11 is perfectly fitted to the blade back profile through curved surface shaping, and the matching curved surface can be formed by CNC machining or 3D scanning reverse modeling. As a preferred embodiment, the surface tolerance is controlled within ±0.05mm to ensure fitting accuracy. Thus, this embodiment, through a precisely matched curved surface positioning structure, can effectively disperse contact stress during the cutting process, avoiding localized stress on the blade 9. Compared with general planar fixtures, curved surface positioning can eliminate micro-displacement during clamping, preventing recrystallization defects caused by stress concentration and eliminating the need for repeated positioning adjustments. Specifically, the self-positioning characteristic of the curved surface allows the blade 9 to achieve dual circumferential and axial constraints in its natural state, and positioning can be completed with only a single clamping during operation.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first positioning boss 2 is provided with a first positioning surface 12, and the second positioning boss 3 is provided with a second positioning surface 13. The first positioning surface 12 is disposed on the side wall of the first positioning boss 2 and is connected to the end of the blade positioning surface 11 in the length direction. The second positioning surface 13 is disposed opposite to the first positioning surface 12, and the second positioning surface 13 and the first positioning surface 12 constitute a rim plate positioning surface conforming to the rim plate surface of the blade 9. Specifically, the first positioning surface 12 and the second positioning surface 13 are disposed on the side wall of the first positioning boss 2 and are formed by machining the top surface of the second positioning boss 3 obliquely downward. The second positioning surface 13 faces the first positioning surface 12, and the first positioning surface 12 also faces the second positioning surface 13. The two are disposed opposite to each other to form a rim plate positioning surface with a split structure. The end of the first positioning surface 12 is connected to the blade positioning surface 11 to ensure positioning continuity. Therefore, this embodiment forms a positioning structure specifically for the blade 9's edge plate by setting mutually cooperating positioning surfaces on the first positioning boss 2 and the second positioning boss 3. The first positioning surface 12 connects to the end of the blade positioning surface 11 to ensure the uniformity of the positioning reference; the second positioning surface 13 cooperates with the first positioning surface 12 to form a complete edge plate positioning surface, achieving precise constraint on the blade 9's edge plate. Compared with general-purpose fixtures, this solution effectively avoids stress concentration on the blade 9's edge plate during clamping, and achieves rapid positioning through surface cooperation, eliminating the need for repeated adjustments to the clamping position, thus protecting the quality of the blade 9 and improving clamping efficiency.

[0027] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly further includes a pull rod 5 and a hinge seat 6. The hinge seat 6 is detachably mounted on the positioning base 1 and located near the first positioning boss 2. One end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the hinge seat 6, and the other end of the pull rod 5 is detachably mounted with a clamping hammer 4. The pull rod 5 can be driven to swing vertically, and the clamping hammer 4 is driven by the pull rod 5 to swing closer to or further away from the blade positioning surface 11. Specifically, the hinge seat 6 is detachably connected to the positioning base 1 by bolts or a quick-clamping mechanism, facilitating maintenance and replacement. The pull rod 5 is made of high-strength alloy steel, with one end hinged to the hinge seat 6 via a pin, and the other end mounted with the clamping hammer 4 via threads or a clamping mechanism. The swinging drive of the pull rod 5 can be achieved by manual operation or a pneumatic device. The manual operation includes a multi-link handle 7 connection mechanism, and the pneumatic device can be a small cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. As a preferred embodiment, a counterweight can be provided in the middle of the pull rod 5 to balance the force during operation. This embodiment achieves precise control of the clamping hammer 4 through a hinged tie rod 5 structure, avoiding the stress concentration problem caused by direct pressure in traditional clamping methods. The swinging motion of the tie rod 5 allows the clamping hammer 4 to approach the blade positioning surface 11 at a constant angle, ensuring uniform pressure distribution. The detachable design facilitates quick replacement of suitable clamping components according to different blade 9 sizes, while reducing maintenance difficulty. Compared with fixed clamping devices, this structure can better adapt to the curvature changes of the blade 9 surface, effectively preventing damage to the blade 9 surface while ensuring positioning accuracy. Specifically, when the tie rod 5 is driven to swing downward, the clamping hammer 4 contacts the blade 9 in a gradual manner, avoiding impact loads; when swinging upward, it completely disengages, facilitating the picking and placing of the blade 9.

[0028] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly also includes a handle 7 and a connecting rod 8. The handle 7 is hinged to the hinge seat 6, and one end of the connecting rod 8 is hinged to the middle of the handle 7, while the other end is hinged to the middle of the pull rod 5. The handle 7 drives the pull rod 5 to swing through the connecting rod 8. Specifically, the handle 7 can be made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to improve durability and operational stability. The top of the handle 7 is provided with a flexible protective sleeve, such as a rubber sleeve, to increase friction, improve grip, and prevent slippage. The hinged connection of the handle 7 can be a pin connection, and the pin can be equipped with an anti-loosening structure to prevent loosening. The connecting rod 8 can be made of rigid material, such as carbon steel or alloy steel, to ensure force transmission stability. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 8 is composed of two parallel plates. The lower part of the handle 7 has a forked structure. When connected, the handle 7, connecting rod 8, and pull rod 5 are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside to avoid motion interference. Thus, this embodiment achieves indirect driving of the swing of the pull rod 5 through the linkage design of the handle 7 and the connecting rod 8. The swinging motion of handle 7 is converted into the up-and-down swinging motion of pull rod 5 via connecting rod 8, which in turn moves the clamping hammer 4 closer to or further away from the blade positioning surface 11. This design makes operation more effortless and allows for precise control of the movement trajectory of the clamping hammer 4. Compared with directly operating pull rod 5, this solution reduces the difficulty of operation, improves positioning accuracy, and avoids uneven force on blade 9 caused by improper operation. Specifically, the hinged design in the middle of handle 7 optimizes the operating torque, allowing the operator to effectively clamp the clamping hammer 4 with less force. The transmission method of connecting rod 8 ensures the stability and reliability of motion transmission, reducing swaying and deviation during movement.

[0029] In this embodiment, the clamping hammer 4 includes a hammer rod 401 and a flexible clamping head 402 mounted on the bottom end of the hammer rod 401. A clamp 10 is mounted on the pull rod 5, and the clamp 10 can be limited to move along the length of the pull rod 5. The hammer rod 401 is detachably mounted on the clamp 10. Specifically, the hammer rod 401 is made of a rigid material to transmit clamping force; the flexible clamping head 402 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber or polyurethane, to directly contact the surface of the blade 9 to avoid damage. The clamp 10 is detachably connected to the pull rod 5 via a thread or a quick-clamping mechanism. The end of the pull rod 5 is provided with a slide rail, and the clamp 10 is provided with a limiting groove or guide key, allowing it to move only along the axial direction of the pull rod 5. The connection between the hammer rod 401 and the clamp 10 can be achieved through threaded engagement, pin connection, or a flexible snap-fit ​​structure, facilitating quick replacement of different specifications of the flexible clamping head 402. Therefore, this technical solution achieves three key improvements through the modular design of the clamping hammer 4 structure: the soft clamping head 402 avoids stress concentration on the surface of the blade 9; the detachable structure facilitates the replacement of the dedicated clamping head 402 for different blade shapes; and the axially adjustable chuck 10 mechanism can precisely control the position of the clamping force. Compared with the traditional fixed rigid clamping block, this design effectively solves the recrystallization defect problem caused by clamping contact stress during the wire cutting of single-crystal blades 9 while ensuring positioning accuracy. Specifically, the elastic deformation of the soft clamping head 402 can absorb part of the impact load; the axial adjustment function of the chuck 10 compensates for the thickness tolerance of the blade 9 edge plate; and the quick-change feature adapts to the differentiated clamping force requirements of different process stages.

[0030] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0031] When wire cutting a single crystal blade 9, use the clamping device provided with the wire cutting equipment to clamp the positioning base 1. Position the blade 9 to be cut onto the positioning base 1 through the blade positioning surface and the edge plate profile. Move the handle 7 to make the clamping hammer 4 press against the blade basin profile of the blade 9 to be cut. Adjust the cutting position and angle of the wire cutting machine and start wire cutting. After the first blade 9 is cut, move the handle 7 directly to release the blade 9. After replacing the next blade 9, move the handle 7 to press the blade 9 back into place and then continue wire cutting.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture, characterized in that: The device includes a positioning base and a clamping assembly. The top surface of the positioning base is provided with a first positioning boss. The clamping assembly is detachably installed on the positioning base and located near the first positioning boss. The first positioning boss is provided with a blade positioning surface that conforms to the blade. The clamping assembly includes a clamping hammer, which is located above the blade positioning surface and can be driven to move closer to or away from the blade positioning surface.

2. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a second positioning boss, which is fixedly disposed on the positioning base and located on one side of the blade positioning surface along its length. The first positioning boss and the second positioning boss clamp and position the blade along its length.

3. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 2, wherein: The blade positioning surface is located on the top surface of the first positioning boss, and the blade positioning surface is a curved surface that conforms to the blade back profile.

4. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 3, wherein: The first positioning boss is provided with a first positioning surface, and the second positioning boss is provided with a second positioning surface; the first positioning surface is provided on the side wall of the first positioning boss, and the first positioning surface is connected to the end of the blade positioning surface in the length direction; the second positioning surface is provided opposite to the first positioning surface, and the second positioning surface and the first positioning surface constitute a rim plate positioning surface that conforms to the rim plate surface of the blade.

5. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 4, wherein: The clamping assembly also includes a pull rod and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is detachably mounted on the positioning base and located near the first positioning boss. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the hinge seat, and the other end of the pull rod is detachably mounted with a clamping hammer. The pull rod can be driven to swing in the vertical direction, and the clamping hammer is driven by the pull rod to swing closer to or away from the blade positioning surface.

6. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 5, wherein: The clamping assembly also includes a handle and a connecting rod. The handle is hinged to the hinge seat, and one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle of the handle, while the other end is hinged to the middle of the pull rod. The handle drives the pull rod to swing through the connecting rod.

7. A single crystal turbine blade wire saw rapid positioning fixture according to claim 6, wherein: The clamping hammer includes a hammer rod and a flexible pressure head installed at the bottom end of the hammer rod. The pull rod is equipped with a clamp, which can be limited to move along the length of the pull rod. The hammer rod is detachably installed on the clamp.

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