A bush structure, a vibration damping device, a suspension system, and a vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a bush structure, a damping device, a suspension system and a vehicle, the bush structure is used for connecting a piston rod, and the bush structure comprises: an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly and a magnetorheological fluid; the excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod, and the excitation assembly is used for adjusting a magnetic field in the case of power supply; the sealing assembly is arranged on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly; the excitation assembly, the sealing assembly and the piston rod enclose a containing cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the containing cavity. By adjusting the current of the excitation assembly, a magnetic field with adjustable intensity is provided, and then the viscosity and the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid are changed, the stiffness of the bush structure is adjusted, different working conditions of the vehicle are adapted, low dynamic-static ratio can be met, good resilience and structural durability are good. The rubber part is avoided to be set to meet the low dynamic-static ratio, the hardness is low, it is difficult to consider the low dynamic-static ratio and the structural durability, and the risk that the rubber part is easily glassified and affects the buffering and damping is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of vehicle equipment technology, specifically relating to a bushing structure, a vibration damping device, a suspension system, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicle suspension systems typically include shock absorbers, which contain bushings that absorb vibrations and provide cushioning, playing a crucial role in damping.

[0003] In existing technologies, bushing structures typically use rubber components connected to the upper end of the piston rod. These rubber components absorb the vibrational energy transmitted to the piston rod, achieving cushioning and vibration reduction. However, to achieve a low dynamic-to-static ratio and good resilience, the rubber components are designed with low hardness, reducing the structural durability of the bushing structure. This makes it difficult to balance a low dynamic-to-static ratio with structural durability. Furthermore, in low-temperature environments, the rubber components are prone to glass transition, severely impacting their cushioning and vibration reduction effectiveness. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, this utility model is proposed to provide a bushing structure, vibration damping device, suspension system and vehicle that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a bushing structure for connecting a piston rod, the bushing structure comprising: an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid;

[0007] The excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod, and the excitation assembly is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized;

[0008] The sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly;

[0009] The excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod together form a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a piston ring, which is disposed in the receiving cavity and sleeved on the outer wall of the excitation assembly, and a portion of the sealing assembly is connected to the outer wall of the piston ring;

[0011] The piston ring has a channel that communicates with the receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid fills the channel.

[0012] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a first piston cap, which is sleeved on the piston rod and connected to one end of the piston ring;

[0013] The receiving cavity includes a first cavity, which is formed by the first piston cap, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod.

[0014] The first piston cover has a first opening, which is connected to the channel and the first cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the first opening.

[0015] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a fastener that is fitted onto the outer wall of the piston rod and pressed against the first piston cap.

[0016] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a second piston cap, which is sleeved on the piston rod and connected to the other end of the piston ring;

[0017] The receiving cavity includes a second cavity, which is formed by the second piston cover, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod.

[0018] The second piston cover has a second opening, which communicates with the channel and the second cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the second opening.

[0019] Optionally, the sealing assembly includes a tube body, a first sealing cap, and a second sealing cap;

[0020] The tube is fitted onto the piston ring, the first sealing cap is fitted onto the piston rod and connected to one end of the tube, and the second sealing cap is fitted onto the piston rod and connected to the other end of the tube.

[0021] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a conductive element disposed within the piston rod and electrically connected to the excitation assembly through the piston rod.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose a vibration damping device, which includes a piston rod, a vibration damper, and the bushing structure.

[0023] One end of the piston rod is movably connected to the vibration damper, and the other end of the piston rod is connected to the bushing structure.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of this application propose a suspension system, which includes the aforementioned damping device or the aforementioned bushing structure.

[0025] Fourthly, embodiments of this application propose a vehicle that includes the aforementioned suspension system, or the aforementioned shock absorber, or the aforementioned bushing structure.

[0026] In this embodiment, the bushing structure is used to connect the piston rod. The bushing structure includes an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid. The excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod and is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized. The sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly. The excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod enclose a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity. Thus, by adjusting the energizing current of the excitation assembly, an adjustable magnetic field can be provided. Under different magnetic field intensities, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid can be changed, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure to adapt to the vibration damping effect required by the bushing structure under different vehicle operating conditions. This satisfies the requirement of a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibits good resilience and structural durability. It avoids the drawback of using rubber components with low hardness to meet the low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. In addition, since magnetorheological fluids have good temperature resistance, the temperature generated during actual operation has little impact on them. Magnetorheological fluids have good performance over a wide temperature range, avoiding the risk that rubber parts may become vitrified at low temperatures, thus affecting their cushioning and vibration damping.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bushing structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a bushing structure without magnetorheological fluid as described in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Reference numerals: 10 – Piston rod; 20 – Excitation assembly; 70 – Sealing assembly; 30 – Magnetorheological fluid; 40 – Piston ring; 41 – Channel; 50 – First piston cover; 51 – First opening; 11 – Fastener; 60 – Second piston cover; 61 – Second opening; 71 – Tube body; 72 – First sealing cover; 73 – Second sealing cover; 12 – Conductive component; 80 – Vibration damper; 21 – First cavity; 22 – Second cavity; A – Axial direction. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 2The diagram shows a schematic of a bushing structure according to an embodiment of this application. The bushing structure is used to connect the piston rod 10. The bushing structure may specifically include: an excitation assembly 20, a sealing assembly 70, and a magnetorheological fluid 30. The excitation assembly 20 is sleeved on the piston rod 10 and is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized. The sealing assembly 70 is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly 20. The excitation assembly 20, the sealing assembly 70, and the piston rod 10 enclose a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid 30 is disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0038] In this embodiment, an adjustable magnetic field can be provided by adjusting the energizing current of the excitation component 20. Under different magnetic field intensities, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 are altered, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure. This adapts to the vibration damping required by the bushing structure under different vehicle operating conditions, achieving a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibiting good resilience and structural durability. This avoids the drawback of using rubber components with lower hardness to meet the low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. Furthermore, because the magnetorheological fluid itself has good temperature resistance, the temperature generated during actual operation has a relatively small impact on the magnetorheological fluid 30. The magnetorheological fluid 30 maintains good performance over a wide temperature range, avoiding the risk of glass formation in rubber components at low temperatures, which could affect their cushioning and vibration damping.

[0039] For example, in this embodiment of the application, when low-frequency vibrations occur during vehicle operation, the piston rod 10 and the shock absorber 80 undergo relative low-frequency motion. At this time, a larger current can be supplied to the excitation assembly 20, thereby increasing the magnetic field strength generated by the excitation assembly 20. Under the action of a stronger magnetic field, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 increase, resulting in greater stiffness of the bushing structure. Specifically, the bushing structure is connected to the vehicle body structure. When the shock absorber 80 vibrates, the bushing structure can remain relatively stationary with the shock absorber 80, thereby increasing the damping force of the overall structure, suppressing the vibration amplitude, reducing vehicle body sway, and reducing the occurrence of resonance, thus playing a role in suppressing low-frequency vibrations of the vehicle.

[0040] On the other hand, when high-frequency vibrations occur during vehicle operation, the piston rod 10 and the shock absorber 80 undergo relative high-frequency motion. At this time, a small current can be supplied to the excitation assembly 20, weakening the magnetic field strength generated by the excitation assembly 20. Under the influence of a weaker magnetic field, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 decrease, resulting in lower stiffness in the bushing structure. This reduces damping force, increases the overall structural compliance, reduces force transmission, and improves frequency characteristics, effectively filtering high-frequency vibrations and thus suppressing high-frequency vibrations in the vehicle.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sealing component 70, together with the piston rod 10 and the excitation component 20, provides a receiving cavity to achieve a good sealing effect on the magnetorheological fluid 30. The excitation component 20 is a structure used to generate a magnetic field and can be made of copper wire, aluminum wire, enameled wire, etc. In this embodiment, the specific material and type of the excitation component 20 are not limited.

[0042] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the excitation component 20 can be an excitation winding, a coil used to generate a magnetic field. In addition, the excitation component 20 can also be a magnetic semiconductor, etc., which can adjust the strength of the magnetic field when energized. The specific type of the excitation component 20 is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] In this embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid 30 (MRF) is a suspension formed by uniformly dispersing micron-sized magnetic particles in a non-magnetic carrier liquid. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid 30 will change rapidly and significantly, transforming from a free-flowing liquid to a semi-solid or even a solid, exhibiting significant controllable rheological properties.

[0044] Specifically, the basic components of magnetorheological fluid 30 include a carrier liquid, magnetic particles, and additives. The carrier liquid comprises 20-40% and is typically silicone oil, mineral oil, or synthetic oil, used to provide flowability. The magnetic particles comprise 60-80% and are micron-sized particles, typically iron, cobalt, nickel, or their alloy particles (such as carbonyl iron powder), possessing high magnetic permeability. Additives may include surfactants and thixotropic agents. For example, the surfactant may be oleic acid, used to prevent particle sedimentation and agglomeration; the thixotropic agent may be silica, used to enhance stability under zero field conditions. In the absence of a magnetic field, the particles in the magnetorheological fluid 30 are randomly dispersed, and the fluid exhibits Newtonian fluid characteristics, displaying low viscosity and free flow. When a magnetic field is applied, the particles in the magnetorheological fluid 30 are magnetized and may exhibit a columnar structure, leading to a sharp increase in the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 30 and an enhanced yield stress.

[0045] Optionally, in this embodiment, the bushing structure includes a piston ring 40, which is disposed within the receiving cavity and sleeved on the outer wall of the excitation assembly 20. A portion of the sealing assembly 70 is connected to the outer wall of the piston ring 40. The piston ring 40 has a channel 41 communicating with the receiving cavity, and magnetorheological fluid 30 is filled in the channel 41. Specifically, the excitation assembly 20 can be wound around the inner wall of the piston ring 40. By providing the channel 41 on the piston ring 40 and filling it with magnetorheological fluid 30, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 can be adjusted by the excitation assembly 20, thereby changing the stiffness of the piston ring 40 and enhancing the stiffness adjustment effect of the bushing structure.

[0046] For example, in this embodiment, when the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively low frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the larger current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is enhanced, increasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in greater stiffness of the piston ring 40, increasing the damping force of the bushing structure, suppressing vibration amplitude, and reducing swaying. When the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively high frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the smaller current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is weakened, decreasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in less stiffness of the piston ring 40, reducing damping force, increasing the compliance of the bushing structure, reducing force transmission, and filtering high-frequency vibrations.

[0047] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the piston ring 40 and piston rod 10 are coaxially arranged, with axis A indicating their axial direction. For example, the channel 41 can extend along the axial direction A of the piston ring 40. The channel 41 can be multiple arc-shaped opening structures, with multiple arc-shaped channels 41 spaced apart or symmetrically arranged around the axial direction A of the piston ring 40, etc. The specific type and method of the channel 41 are not limited in this embodiment.

[0048] For example, channel 41 can also form a complete annular opening structure around the axial direction A of piston ring 40. Specifically, piston ring 40 includes an inner ring piston and an outer ring piston, with a gap between the inner ring piston and the outer ring piston forming channel 41, and the inner ring piston and the outer ring piston are respectively connected to a second piston cap 60 at their bottom.

[0049] Optionally, in this embodiment, the bushing structure includes a first piston cap 50, which is sleeved on the piston rod 10 and connected to one end of the piston ring 40; the receiving cavity includes a first cavity 21, which is formed by the first piston cap 50, the sealing assembly 70, and the piston rod 10; the first piston cap 50 has a first opening 51, which communicates with the channel 41 and the first cavity 21, and the magnetorheological fluid 30 is filled in the first opening 51. Thus, by providing the first opening 51 and filling the first piston cap 50 with the magnetorheological fluid 30, the stiffness of the first piston cap 50 can be changed by adjusting the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 through the excitation assembly 20, thereby further enhancing the stiffness adjustment effect on the bushing structure through the first piston cap 50.

[0050] For example, in this embodiment, when the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively low frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the larger current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is enhanced, increasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in greater stiffness of the first piston cover 50, increasing the damping force of the bushing structure, suppressing vibration amplitude, and reducing swaying. When the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively high frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the smaller current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is weakened, decreasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in less stiffness of the first piston cover 50, reducing damping force, increasing the compliance of the bushing structure, reducing force transmission, and filtering high-frequency vibrations.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first piston cover 50 is also coaxially arranged with the piston rod 10, and its axial direction is shown by axis A in the figure. For example, the first piston cover 50 can be annular, and the first opening 51 can extend along the axial direction A of the first piston cover 50. The first opening 51 can be multiple arc-shaped opening structures, and the multiple arc-shaped first openings 51 can be spaced apart or symmetrically arranged around the axial direction A of the first piston cover 50, etc. The specific type and method of the first opening 51 are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] For example, the first opening 51 can also form a complete annular opening structure around the first piston cover 50 along the axial direction A. Specifically, the first piston cover 50 includes an inner ring cover and an outer ring cover. A gap is provided between the inner ring cover and the outer ring cover to form the first opening 51, and the inner ring cover and the outer ring cover are respectively connected to the top of the piston ring 40.

[0053] Optionally, in this embodiment, the bushing structure includes a fastener 11, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod 10 and pressed against the first piston cover 50. Thus, the fastener 11 achieves a tight connection and locking between the piston rod 10 and the first piston cover 50, resulting in better connection reliability and stability between the first piston cover 50 and the piston rod 10. For example, the fastener 11 can be a nut for locking, or it can be a retaining ring, etc. The specific type of fastener 11 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0054] Optionally, in this embodiment, the bushing structure includes a second piston cap 60, which is sleeved on the piston rod 10 and connected to the other end of the piston ring 40. The receiving cavity includes a second cavity 22, which is formed by the second piston cap 60, the sealing assembly 70, and the piston rod 10. The second piston cap 60 has a second opening 61, which communicates with the channel 41 and the second cavity 22. Magnetorheological fluid 30 is filled in the second opening 61. Thus, by providing a second opening 61 filled with magnetorheological fluid 30 on the second piston cap 60, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30 can be adjusted by the excitation assembly 20, thereby changing the stiffness of the second piston cap 60 and further enhancing the stiffness adjustment effect on the bushing structure.

[0055] For example, in this embodiment, when the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively low frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the larger current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is enhanced, increasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in greater stiffness of the second piston cover 60, increasing the damping force of the bushing structure, suppressing vibration amplitude, and reducing swaying. When the piston rod 10 and the damper 80 move at relatively high frequencies, the magnetic field strength generated by the smaller current flowing through the excitation assembly 20 is weakened, decreasing the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid 30. This results in less stiffness of the second piston cover 60, reducing damping force, increasing the compliance of the bushing structure, reducing force transmission, and filtering high-frequency vibrations.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second piston cover 60 is also coaxially arranged with the piston rod 10, and its axial direction is shown by axis A in the figure. For example, the second piston cover 60 can be annular, and the second opening 61 can extend along the axial direction A of the second piston cover 60. The second opening 61 can be multiple arc-shaped opening structures, and the multiple arc-shaped second openings 61 can be spaced apart or symmetrically arranged around the axial direction A of the second piston cover 60, etc. The specific type and method of setting the second opening 61 are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] For example, the second opening 51 can also form a complete annular opening structure around the axial direction A of the second piston cover 50. Specifically, the second piston cover 50 includes an inner ring piston cover and an outer ring piston cover. A gap is provided between the inner ring piston cover and the outer ring piston cover to form the second opening 51, and the inner ring piston cover and the outer ring piston cover are respectively connected to the second sealing cover 73.

[0058] Optionally, in this embodiment, the sealing assembly 70 includes a tube 71, a first sealing cap 72, and a second sealing cap 73. The tube 71 is fitted onto the piston ring 40, the first sealing cap 72 is fitted onto the piston rod 10 and connected to one end of the tube 71, and the second sealing cap 73 is fitted onto the piston rod 10 and connected to the other end of the tube 71. The tube 71 provides space and protection for the piston ring 40, the excitation assembly 20, the first piston cap 50, and the second piston cap 60 disposed within it, and provides a space for the magnetorheological fluid 30. The first sealing cap 72 and the second sealing cap 73 seal both ends of the tube 71 to achieve closure.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the piston ring 40 can be disposed in the middle region of the receiving cavity, thereby dividing the receiving cavity into a first cavity 21 and a second cavity 22. Specifically, the first piston cap 50 and the first sealing cap 72 are spaced apart and enclose the upper end of the tube 71 to form the first cavity 21, and the second piston cap 60 and the second sealing cap 73 are spaced apart and enclose the lower end of the tube 71 to form the second cavity 22. The second cavity 22 and the second cavity 22 can be symmetrically distributed or asymmetrically distributed, etc., and this embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, for example, the first piston cover 50 is interference-fitted with the piston ring 40 and the second piston cover 60 to achieve a relatively tight fit between the first piston cover 50, the piston ring 40 and the second piston cover 60.

[0061] Optionally, the bushing structure includes a conductive element 12, which is disposed within the piston rod 10, providing good protection for the conductive element 12. The conductive element 12 passes through the piston rod 10 and is electrically connected to the excitation assembly 20, allowing current to be supplied to the excitation assembly 20. For example, the conductive element 12 can be a vehicle wiring harness, or a wiring harness connected to the vehicle wiring harness, capable of directly transmitting current from the vehicle. This allows the vehicle's ECU (Electronic Control Unit) to adjust the current supplied to the excitation assembly 20 according to the actual driving conditions of the vehicle.

[0062] In summary, the bushing structure described in the embodiments of this application may include at least the following advantages:

[0063] In this embodiment, the bushing structure is used to connect the piston rod. The bushing structure includes an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid. The excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod and is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized. The sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly. The excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod enclose a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity. Thus, by adjusting the energizing current of the excitation assembly, an adjustable magnetic field can be provided. Under different magnetic field intensities, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid can be changed, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure to adapt to the vibration damping effect required by the bushing structure under different vehicle operating conditions. This satisfies the requirement of a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibits good resilience and structural durability. It avoids the drawback of using rubber components with low hardness to meet the low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. In addition, temperature has little effect on magnetorheological fluids, and magnetorheological fluids have good performance over a wide temperature range, reducing the risk that rubber parts may become vitrified at low temperatures, affecting their cushioning and vibration damping.

[0064] Reference Figure 3 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a vibration damping device according to an embodiment of this application. The vibration damping device includes a piston rod 10, a vibration damper 80, and the bushing structure. One end of the piston rod 10 is movably connected to the vibration damper 80, and the other end of the piston rod 10 is connected to the bushing structure.

[0065] For example, in this embodiment of the application, the shock absorber 80 is connected to the wheel structure, and the tube 71 of the bushing structure is connected to the vehicle body structure. The vibration generated by the wheel is transmitted to the shock absorber 80 for damping. The piston rod 10 moves relative to the shock absorber 80, driving the bushing structure to move synchronously. For different working conditions of low-frequency and high-frequency motion, the bushing structure performs damping again, reducing the vibration transmitted to the vehicle body and improving the vehicle's NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance.

[0066] The vibration damping device described in this application embodiment may include at least the following advantages:

[0067] In this embodiment, the vibration damping device includes a piston rod, a vibration damper, and the bushing structure. One end of the piston rod is movably connected to the vibration damper, and the other end is connected to the bushing structure. The bushing structure connects the piston rod and includes an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid. The excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod and is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized. The sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly. The excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod enclose a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity. Thus, an adjustable magnetic field can be provided by adjusting the energizing current of the excitation assembly. Under different magnetic field intensities, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid can be changed, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure to adapt to the vibration damping effect required by the bushing structure under different vehicle operating conditions. This achieves a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibits good resilience and structural durability. This avoids the drawback of using rubber components with low hardness to achieve a low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. Furthermore, temperature has a relatively small impact on the magnetorheological fluid; it exhibits good performance over a wide temperature range, avoiding the risk of glass transition in rubber components at low temperatures, which could negatively affect their cushioning and vibration damping capabilities.

[0068] This application also proposes a suspension system, which includes the aforementioned damping device or the aforementioned bushing structure.

[0069] The suspension system described in this application embodiment may include at least the following advantages:

[0070] In this embodiment, the suspension system includes the aforementioned damping device or the aforementioned bushing structure. The damping device includes a piston rod, a shock absorber, and the aforementioned bushing structure; one end of the piston rod is movably connected to the shock absorber, and the other end of the piston rod is connected to the bushing structure. The bushing structure is used to connect the piston rod, and the bushing structure includes: an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid; the excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod, and the excitation assembly is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized; the sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly; the excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod enclose a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity. Thus, by adjusting the energizing current of the excitation assembly to provide an adjustable magnetic field, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid can be changed under different magnetic field intensities, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure to adapt to the damping effect required by the bushing structure under different vehicle operating conditions, achieving a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibiting good resilience and structural durability. This avoids the drawback of using rubber components with low hardness to achieve a low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. Furthermore, temperature has a relatively small impact on the magnetorheological fluid; it exhibits good performance over a wide temperature range, avoiding the risk of glass transition in rubber components at low temperatures, which could negatively affect their cushioning and vibration damping capabilities.

[0071] This application also proposes a vehicle that includes the suspension system, the shock absorber, or the bushing structure.

[0072] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the vehicle may include pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, range-extended vehicles, fuel vehicles, etc. The type of vehicle may also include small cars, medium-sized cars, sedans, trucks, trailers, CDVs (Car Derived Vans), MPVs (multi-Purpose Vehicles), SUVs (Sport Utility Vehicles), etc. The specific type of vehicle is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0073] The vehicle described in this application embodiment may include at least the following advantages:

[0074] In this embodiment, the vehicle includes the suspension system, the damping device, or the bushing structure. The suspension system includes the damping device or the bushing structure. The damping device includes a piston rod, a shock absorber, and the bushing structure; one end of the piston rod is movably connected to the shock absorber, and the other end is connected to the bushing structure. The bushing structure connects the piston rod and includes an excitation assembly, a sealing assembly, and a magnetorheological fluid; the excitation assembly is sleeved on the piston rod and is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized; the sealing assembly is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly; the excitation assembly, the sealing assembly, and the piston rod form a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid is disposed within the receiving cavity. In this way, an adjustable magnetic field can be provided by regulating the current flowing through the excitation component. Under different magnetic field intensities, the viscosity and yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid can be altered, thereby adjusting the stiffness and mechanical properties of the bushing structure. This adapts the bushing structure to the vibration damping requirements under various vehicle operating conditions, achieving a low dynamic-to-static ratio and exhibiting good resilience and structural durability. This avoids the drawback of using rubber components with lower hardness to meet the low dynamic-to-static ratio, which makes it difficult to balance low dynamic-to-static ratio and structural durability. Furthermore, temperature has a relatively small impact on the magnetorheological fluid; it maintains good performance over a wide temperature range, avoiding the risk of glass transition in rubber components at low temperatures, which could negatively affect their cushioning and vibration damping capabilities.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bushing structure for connecting a piston rod (10), characterized in that, The bushing structure includes: an excitation assembly (20), a sealing assembly (70), and a magnetorheological fluid (30); The excitation assembly (20) is sleeved on the piston rod (10), and the excitation assembly (20) is used to adjust the magnetic field when energized; The sealing assembly (70) is disposed on the outer periphery of the excitation assembly (20); The excitation assembly (20), the sealing assembly (70), and the piston rod (10) together form a receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid (30) is disposed in the receiving cavity.

2. The bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bushing structure includes a piston ring (40), which is disposed in the receiving cavity and sleeved on the outer wall of the excitation assembly (20), and part of the sealing assembly (70) is connected to the outer wall of the piston ring (40); The piston ring (40) is provided with a channel (41), which is connected to the receiving cavity, and the magnetorheological fluid (30) is filled in the channel (41).

3. The bushing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bushing structure includes a first piston cap (50), which is sleeved on the piston rod (10) and connected to one end of the piston ring (40); The receiving cavity includes a first cavity (21), which is formed by the first piston cap (50), the sealing assembly (70), and the piston rod (10). The first piston cap (50) is provided with a first opening (51), which is connected to the channel (41) and the first cavity (21), and the magnetorheological fluid (30) is filled in the first opening (51).

4. The bushing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bushing structure includes a fastener (11), which is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod (10) and pressed against the first piston cover (50).

5. The bushing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bushing structure includes a second piston cap (60), which is fitted onto the piston rod (10) and connected to the other end of the piston ring (40); The receiving cavity includes a second cavity (22), which is formed by the second piston cap (60), the sealing assembly (70), and the piston rod (10); The second piston cap (60) is provided with a second opening (61), which is connected to the channel (41) and the second cavity (22), and the magnetorheological fluid (30) is filled in the second opening (61).

6. The bushing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (70) includes a tube body (71), a first sealing cap (72), and a second sealing cap (73); The tube body (71) is fitted onto the piston ring (40), the first sealing cap (72) is fitted onto the piston rod (10) and connected to one end of the tube body (71), and the second sealing cap (73) is fitted onto the piston rod (10) and connected to the other end of the tube body (71).

7. The bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bushing structure includes a conductive element (12), which is disposed inside the piston rod (10) and is electrically connected to the excitation assembly (20) through the piston rod (10).

8. A vibration damping device, characterized in that, The vibration damping device includes a piston rod (10), a vibration damper (80), and a bushing structure as described in any one of claims 1-7; One end of the piston rod (10) is movably connected to the shock absorber (80), and the other end of the piston rod (10) is connected to the bushing structure.

9. A suspension system, characterized in that, The suspension system includes the damping device as described in claim 8, or the bushing structure as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the suspension system of claim 9, or the damping device of claim 8, or the bushing structure of any one of claims 1-7.

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