Meteorological light storage uninterrupted power supply all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a meteorological light storage oil uninterrupted power supply all -in -one, including direct current oil machine, weak light boost type MPPT, exchange electricity 6020 iron lithium battery, DC DC converter, meteorological electric load, solar cell panel, battery voltage detection / high voltage package power supply control circuit and analog oil machine start button circuit: battery voltage detection / high voltage package power supply control circuit includes control oil machine start -stop subcircuit, CPU signal detection judgment subcircuit, external communication subcircuit, CPU chip operating power generation subcircuit, photovoltaic output voltage judgment subcircuit and auxiliary power generation subcircuit, CPU signal detection judgment subcircuit is connected with external communication subcircuit, photovoltaic output voltage judgment subcircuit, oil machine start -stop subcircuit electricity, is used for detecting input signal and output control signal. The utility model perfects signal processing path, eliminates the dead angle of information collection and judgment link, improves the overall integration and operating stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply technology for integrated meteorological and fuel-powered machines, and in particular to an integrated meteorological and fuel-powered uninterruptible power supply machine. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated meteorological instrument is an intelligent meteorological equipment power supply system that integrates multiple power supply methods, including solar power, energy storage batteries, and DC generators. The system mainly consists of solar panels, a low-light boost-type MPPT (Maximum PowerPoint Tracking) controller, lithium iron phosphate batteries, a DC-DC converter, and a DC generator, providing a stable and reliable power supply for meteorological loads. The DC generator serves as a backup power source, automatically starting when solar power generation is insufficient or battery power is low, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the meteorological equipment. The system uses a ZQZ-A series main controller to coordinate the control of each power supply unit, featuring high intelligence and reliability. However, existing integrated meteorological instrument generator start-up control systems have the following problems: the generator start-up control logic is simplistic, unable to intelligently judge based on multiple parameters such as photovoltaic power generation status and battery voltage, leading to inaccurate start-up timing; it lacks a comprehensive signal detection and processing mechanism, resulting in insufficient monitoring of system operating status; and the communication coordination between the generator and the main control system is poor, affecting the overall efficiency and stability of the power supply system.

[0003] Chinese patent CN206863253U discloses a novel power supply mode for a transmission line environmental meteorological monitoring device. This device uses a magnetic core induction power extraction method, where a current transformer core is fitted onto the high-voltage cable of the transmission line for induction power extraction. It is equipped with a power conditioning module and a charge / discharge management module to power the meteorological monitoring equipment. However, this device has problems such as the lack of high integration of the generator start-up control subcircuit, and the scattered and complex connection of various detection and judgment function circuits. This results in an imperfect signal processing path, blind spots in information acquisition and judgment, low overall integration and operational stability, and difficulty in meeting the requirements for efficient and accurate monitoring of various working states of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this utility model proposes an integrated uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological light and oil storage, which solves the problems of imperfect signal processing path, blind spots in information acquisition and judgment, low overall integration and operational stability in the existing technology, making it difficult to meet the needs of efficient and accurate monitoring of various working states of the system.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: It provides an integrated unit for uninterrupted power supply of solar and oil storage for meteorological use. The integrated unit includes a DC generator, a low-light boost type MPPT, a 6020 lithium iron phosphate battery for battery swapping, a DC-DC converter, a meteorological power load, a solar panel, a battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit, and a simulated generator start button circuit. The battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit includes a generator start / stop control sub-circuit, a CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit, an external communication sub-circuit, a CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit, a photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit, and an auxiliary power generation sub-circuit. The CPU signal detection and judgment subcircuit is electrically connected to the external communication subcircuit, the photovoltaic output voltage judgment subcircuit, and the generator start / stop subcircuit, and is used to detect input signals and output control signals.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit includes a microcontroller U3, an operational amplifier U6A, an operational amplifier U6B, a connector P1, a connector CN1, a memory chip U11, a switch S1, resistors R1-R4, resistors R27-R28, resistors R33-R35, resistors R38-R39, resistors R41-R42, resistors R45, resistors R51, resistors R53, resistors R56-R57, resistors R130-R134, R138-R145, resistor RT3, capacitors C1-C4, capacitors C35-C38, capacitor C44, capacitors C46-C51, capacitors C54-C55, capacitor C57, capacitor C60, capacitor C62, and capacitors C129-C132. Pins 1, 48, 42, and 36 of microcontroller U3 are connected to switch S1 to receive input signals and output control signals; pins 39 and 40 of microcontroller U3 are connected to memory chip U11 to store data; pins 4 and 8 of microcontroller U3 are connected to operational amplifiers U6A and U6B to amplify signals.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the control circuit for starting and stopping the generator includes an optocoupler U20, a transistor Q19, an output switch K1, and resistors R136-R137. Pin 1 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R136, and the other end of resistor R136 is electrically connected to a +3.3V power supply. Pin 2 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q19, the emitter of transistor Q19 is grounded, the base of transistor Q19 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R137, pin 3 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of output switch K1, pin 4 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to a +12V power supply, and the other end of output switch K1 is grounded.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the external communication sub-circuit includes a carrier communication module M1, a transient suppression diode D1, a transformer TX2, capacitors C133-C135, a resistor R135, and a connector P2.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, pin 1 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to one end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 1 of transformer TX2, pin 2 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the other end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 2 of transformer TX2, pin 3 of transformer TX2 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C133, pin 3 of carrier communication module M1, one end of capacitor C134 and one end of capacitor C135 are all grounded, pin 4 of carrier communication module M1, the other end of capacitor C134 and the other end of capacitor C135 are all electrically connected to +3.3V power supply, pin 5 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of connector P2, pin 6 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the power supply of resistor R135 and pin 2 of connector P2, the other end of resistor R135 and pin 1 of connector P2 are all electrically connected to +3.3V power supply, and pin 4 of connector P2 is grounded.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the CPU chip power supply generation sub-circuit includes a synchronous buck converter U5, a linear regulator U8, resistors R32, R37, R55, and R126, capacitors C40-C42, capacitor C45, capacitors C125-C128, and inductor L4.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, pin 1 of the synchronous buck converter U5, one end of resistor R55, one end of resistor R37, one end of capacitor C41, one end of capacitor C42, one end of capacitor C126, pin 1 of the linear regulator U8, one end of capacitor C45, one end of capacitor C125, and one end of capacitor C127 are all grounded; pin 2 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C40 and one end of inductor L4 respectively; pin 3 of the synchronous buck converter U5 and one end of resistor R32 are both electrically connected to the +12V power supply; pin 4 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, one end of resistor R126, and one end of capacitor C128 respectively. Pin 5 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R55 and resistor R32, respectively. Pin 6 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C40. The other end of inductor L4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R126, capacitor C128, capacitor C41, capacitor C42, capacitor C126, and pin 3 of linear regulator U8, respectively. Pin 3 of linear regulator U8 is input with a +5V power supply voltage, and pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is output with a +3.3V power supply voltage. Pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C45, capacitor C125, and capacitor C127, respectively.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit includes transistors Q15-Q17, Zener diodes ZD3-ZD4, resistors R89-R91, resistors R93-R94, resistor R108, resistor R110, resistor R112, capacitor C103, and capacitor C110.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the negative terminal of Zener diode ZD3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R94, one end of resistor R91, and the negative terminal of Zener diode ZD4, respectively; the other end of resistor R94 and one end of resistor R108 are electrically connected to the COM+ terminal; the positive terminal of Zener diode ZD3 is connected to one end of resistor R112, one end of capacitor C110, and the base of transistor Q15, respectively; the positive terminal of Zener diode ZD4, the other end of resistor R91, the other end of resistor R112, the other end of capacitor C110, the emitter of transistor Q15, one end of resistor R89, and transistor Q1... The emitter of transistor 7 and one end of capacitor C103 are both grounded. The collector of transistor Q15 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R93. The other end of resistor R93 is electrically connected to the base of transistor Q16. The emitter of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R108. The collector of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R110. The other end of resistor R110 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R89 ​​and the base of transistor Q17. The collector of transistor Q17 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R90 and the other end of capacitor C103. The other end of resistor R90 is electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the auxiliary power generation sub-circuit includes a PWM control chip U1, a MOSFET Q18, diodes D2-D3, diodes D5-D6, an inductor L3, resistors R26, R29-R30, R118-R119, R122-R124, R146-R147, capacitors C43, C111-C114, C117-C120, C122-C124, C137, C139, C141, C150-C152, and a transformer TX1.

[0015] The integrated uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological photovoltaic oil storage provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) By setting up a battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit, multiple functional sub-circuits such as the control oil engine start / stop sub-circuit, CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit, and external communication sub-circuit are integrated. The CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit is the core to realize signal detection and control output between sub-circuits, improve the signal processing path, eliminate the dead corners of information acquisition and judgment links, improve the overall integration and operation stability, and meet the needs of efficient and accurate monitoring of various working states of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of a meteorological photovoltaic oil storage uninterruptible power supply integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit of the integrated meteorological photoelectric oil storage power supply unit of this utility model; Figure 3 is the first circuit wiring diagram of the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit of the integrated meteorological photoelectric oil storage power supply unit of this utility model; Figure 4 is the second circuit wiring diagram of the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit of the integrated meteorological photoelectric oil storage uninterruptible power supply machine of this utility model; Figure 5 is the third circuit wiring diagram of the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit of the integrated meteorological photoelectric oil storage power supply unit of this utility model; Figure 6 is the fourth circuit wiring diagram of the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit of the integrated meteorological photoelectric oil storage power supply unit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides an integrated uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological solar-oil storage, which includes a DC generator, a low-light boost MPPT, a 6020 lithium iron phosphate battery, a DC-DC converter, a meteorological power load, a solar panel, a battery voltage detection / high-voltage pack power supply control circuit, and a simulated generator start button circuit. The DC generator is electrically connected to the 6020 lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit, and the simulated generator start button circuit. The 6020 lithium iron phosphate battery is electrically connected to the low-light boost MPPT and the DC-DC converter. The solar panel is electrically connected to the low-light boost MPPT. The meteorological power load is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter.

[0020] Please see Figure 2 The battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit includes a generator start / stop control sub-circuit, a CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit, an external communication sub-circuit, a CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit, a photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit, and an auxiliary power generation sub-circuit. The CPU signal detection and judgment subcircuit is electrically connected to the external communication subcircuit, the photovoltaic output voltage judgment subcircuit, and the generator start / stop subcircuit, and is used to detect input signals and output control signals.

[0021] Specifically, this embodiment integrates multiple functional sub-circuits, such as the generator start / stop control sub-circuit, CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit, and external communication sub-circuit, by setting up a battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit. With the CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit as the core, it realizes signal detection and control output between various sub-circuits, improves the signal processing path, eliminates dead zones in information acquisition and judgment, improves the overall integration and operational stability, and meets the needs of efficient and accurate monitoring of various working states of the system.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit includes a microcontroller U3, operational amplifier U6A, operational amplifier U6B, connector P1, connector CN1, memory chip U11, switch S1, resistors R1-R4, resistors R27-R28, resistors R33-R35, resistors R38-R39, resistors R41-R42, resistors R45, resistors R51, resistors R53, resistors R56-R57, resistors R130-R134, R138-R145, resistor RT3, capacitors C1-C4, capacitors C35-C38, capacitor C44, capacitors C46-C51, capacitors C54-C55, capacitor C57, capacitor C60, capacitor C62, and capacitors C129-C132. Pin 1 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R145 and pin 4 of switch S1, respectively. Pin 48 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R144 and pin 3 of switch S1, respectively. Pin 42 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R143 and pin 2 of switch S1, respectively. Pin 36 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R142 and pin 1 of switch S1, respectively. The other ends of resistors R145, R144, R143, and R142 are all grounded. Pin 5 of switch S1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R141, and pin 6 of switch S1 is electrically connected to resistor R145. One end of 140 is electrically connected. Pin 7 of switch S1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R139. Pin 8 of switch S1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R138. The other ends of resistors R138, R139, R140, and R141 are all electrically connected to a +3.3V power supply. Pin 2 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R42, one end of capacitor C54, and pin 6 of connector P1, respectively. Pin 23 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R57 and pin 5 of connector P1, respectively. Pin 22 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R56 and pin 4 of connector P1, respectively. Pin 21 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R45 and pin 3 of connector P1. Pin 20 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R41 and pin 2 of connector P1. Pin 1 of connector P1, one end of capacitor C55, the other end of resistor R41, the other end of resistor R45, the other end of resistor R56, and the other end of resistor R57 are all electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply. The other end of capacitor C55 is grounded. The other ends of resistor R42, capacitor C54, and pin 7 of connector P1 are all grounded. Pin 29 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to pin 2 of connector CN1. Pin 28 is electrically connected to pin 3 of connector CN1. Pin 1 of connector CN1 is grounded. Pin 4 of connector CN1 is electrically connected to the +12V power supply. Pin 5 of connector CN1 is electrically connected to the +12V power supply. Pin 6 of connector CN1 is electrically connected to the ground terminal GND1. Pin 39 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R133 and pin 6 of memory chip U11, respectively. Pin 40 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R134 and pin 5 of memory chip U11, respectively. The other end of resistor R134, the other end of resistor R133, one end of capacitor C132, and pin 8 of memory chip U11 are all connected to +3V.A 3V power supply is connected. Pins 1-3 of memory chip U11 and the other end of capacitor C132 are grounded. Pin 4 of memory chip U11 and one end of resistor R132 are grounded. Pin 7 of memory chip U11 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R132. Pin 4 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R2 and one end of capacitor C2. The other end of resistor R2 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R1 and one end of capacitor C1. The other ends of capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C130, and resistor R130 are all grounded. Pin 7 of operational amplifier U6B is connected to the other end of resistor R1... One end of resistor R131 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C131. Pin 6 of operational amplifier U6B is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R131 and capacitor C131, respectively. Pin 5 of operational amplifier U6B is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C130 and resistor R130, respectively. Pin 8 of microcontroller U3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R4 and capacitor C4, respectively. The other end of resistor R4 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R3 and capacitor C3, respectively. The other end of capacitor C4, the other end of capacitor C3, pin 4 of operational amplifier U6A, one end of capacitor C129, one end of resistor R35, and resistor... One end of resistor R33 is electrically connected to the ground of GNDA, and the other end of resistor R33 is grounded. Pin 3 of operational amplifier U6A is electrically connected to the other ends of resistor R35 and capacitor C129, respectively. Pin 2 of operational amplifier U6A is electrically connected to one end of resistor R27 and capacitor C35, respectively. Pin 8 of operational amplifier U6A and one end of capacitor C57 are both electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply, and the other end of capacitor C57 is electrically connected to the ground of GNDA. Pin 1 of operational amplifier U6A is electrically connected to the other ends of resistor R3, resistor R27, and capacitor C35, respectively. Pin 5 of microcontroller U3 is... Connect one end of capacitor C62, one end of resistor RT3, and one end of resistor R53. Connect the other end of resistor RT3 to the GNDA ground. Connect the other end of resistor R53 to the +3.3V power supply. Connect pin 7 of microcontroller U3 to one end of capacitor C51 and one end of resistor R39. Connect one end of resistor R39 to one end of capacitor C50 and one end of resistor R38. Connect the other ends of capacitors C50 and C51 to the GNDA ground. Connect pin 10 of microcontroller U3 to one end of resistor R51 and one end of capacitor C60. Connect the other end of resistor R51 to the +3.3V power supply.A 3V power supply is connected. The other end of capacitor C60 is connected to the GNDA ground. Pin 32 of microcontroller U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C48 and one end of capacitor C49. Pin 43 of microcontroller U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C36 and one end of capacitor C37. The other ends of capacitors C36, C37, C48, and C49 are all grounded. Pin 11 of microcontroller U3, the power supply of capacitor C47, and one end of resistor R34 are all connected to the +3.3V power supply. The other end of capacitor C47 is connected to the GNDA ground. Pin 35 of microcontroller U3, the other end of resistor R34, one end of capacitor C44, and one end of capacitor C46 are all connected to the +3.3V power supply. The other ends of capacitors C44 and C46 are both grounded.

[0023] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific circuit configuration of the CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit. The CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit is based on the microcontroller U3. It uses operational amplifiers U6A and U6B to condition and amplify the input signal, cooperates with the memory chip U11 to store data, and realizes signal interaction with other sub-circuits through multiple connectors (P1, CN1).

[0024] The CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit establishes a complete signal processing path through signal conditioning, filtering, and storage functions. This eliminates the blind spots in information acquisition and judgment in traditional distributed detection circuits, enabling efficient and accurate monitoring of various system operating states and significantly improving the overall circuit integration and operational stability.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The control circuit for starting and stopping the generator includes an optocoupler U20, a transistor Q19, an output switch K1, and resistors R136-R137. Pin 1 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R136, and the other end of resistor R136 is electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply. Pin 2 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q19, and the emitter of transistor Q19 is grounded. The base of transistor Q19 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R137, and the other end of resistor R137 is electrically connected to pin 41 of microcontroller U3. Pin 3 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of output switch K1. Pin 4 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to the +12V power supply, and the other end of output switch K1 is grounded.

[0026] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the generator start / stop control sub-circuit. The generator start / stop control sub-circuit uses an optocoupler U20 to achieve electrical isolation between input and output, and a switch control circuit is formed through transistor Q19, which, together with the output switch K1, controls the generator's start / stop. The generator start / stop control sub-circuit outputs a control signal through pin 41 of the microcontroller U3 to drive transistor Q19 to conduct or cut off, thereby controlling the output state of optocoupler U20, and finally achieving generator start / stop control through output switch K1.

[0027] The generator start / stop control circuit has a simple and efficient structure. Optical isolation improves the anti-interference capability of the control signal, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of generator start / stop control and eliminating the malfunction problem caused by signal interference in traditional generator control circuits.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The external communication sub-circuit includes a carrier communication module M1, a transient suppression diode D1, a transformer TX2, capacitors C133-C135, a resistor R135, and a connector P2. Pin 1 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to one end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 1 of transformer TX2, respectively. Pin 2 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the other end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 2 of transformer TX2, respectively. Pin 3 of transformer TX2 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C133. The other end of capacitor C133 is electrically connected to COM+ terminal. Pin 4 of transformer TX2 is electrically connected to COM- terminal. Pin 3 of carrier communication module M1, one end of capacitor C134, and one end of capacitor C135 are all grounded. Pin 4 of carrier communication module M1, the other end of capacitor C134, and the other end of capacitor C135 are all electrically connected to +3.3V power supply. Pin 5 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of connector P2. Pin 6 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the power supply of resistor R135 and pin 2 of connector P2, respectively. The other end of resistor R135 and pin 1 of connector P2 are both electrically connected to +3.3V power supply. Pin 4 of connector P2 is grounded.

[0029] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the external communication sub-circuit. The external communication sub-circuit is based on the carrier communication module M1, and uses the transformer TX2 to achieve electrical isolation and signal coupling. It is equipped with transient suppression diode D1 to provide overvoltage protection, uses capacitors C133-C135 for signal filtering, and uses connector P2 to realize the communication interface with external devices.

[0030] The external communication sub-circuit enables a reliable connection with the external communication system. Transformer isolation enhances the anti-interference capability of the communication circuit, and carrier communication ensures the stability of data transmission. It eliminates the problems of signal interference and data loss in traditional communication circuits, and improves the accuracy and reliability of information exchange between the entire power supply system and external monitoring equipment.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit includes a synchronous buck converter U5, a linear regulator U8, resistors R32, R37, R55, R126, capacitors C40-C42, C45, C125-C128, and inductor L4. Pin 1 of the synchronous buck converter U5, one end of resistor R55, one end of resistor R37, one end of capacitor C41, one end of capacitor C42, and one end of capacitor C126; pin 1 of the linear regulator U8, one end of capacitor C45, one end of capacitor C125, and one end of capacitor C127 are all grounded. Pin 2 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C40 and one end of inductor L4, respectively. Pin 3 of the synchronous buck converter U5 and one end of resistor R32 are both electrically connected to the +12V power supply. Pin 4 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, one end of resistor R126, and one end of capacitor C128, respectively. Pin 5 of U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R55 and resistor R32, respectively. Pin 6 of synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C40. The other end of inductor L4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R126, capacitor C128, capacitor C41, capacitor C42, capacitor C126, and pin 3 of linear regulator U8, respectively. Pin 3 of linear regulator U8 is input with a +5V power supply voltage, and pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is output with a +3.3V power supply voltage. Pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C45, capacitor C125, and capacitor C127, respectively.

[0032] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit. The CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit uses a synchronous buck converter U5 to convert the 12V power supply to a 5V intermediate voltage, and then uses a linear regulator U8 to further regulate and output a 3.3V power supply, providing a stable operating voltage for digital circuits such as microcontrollers.

[0033] The CPU chip power supply generation sub-circuit, through a two-stage voltage regulation design, ensures the stability and ripple suppression capability of the CPU chip power supply, eliminates the problems of large power supply ripple and poor load regulation in traditional single-stage voltage regulation circuits, and improves the reliability of the entire signal detection and control system.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit includes transistors Q15-Q17, Zener diodes ZD3-ZD4, resistors R89-R91, resistors R93-R94, resistor R108, resistor R110, resistor R112, capacitor C103, and capacitor C110. The cathode of Zener diode ZD3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R94, one end of resistor R91, and the cathode of Zener diode ZD4. The other end of resistor R94 and one end of resistor R108 are electrically connected to the COM+ terminal. The anode of Zener diode ZD3 is connected to one end of resistor R112, one end of capacitor C110, and the base of transistor Q15. The anode of Zener diode ZD4, the other end of resistor R91, the other end of resistor R112, the other end of capacitor C110, the emitter of transistor Q15, one end of resistor R89, the emitter of transistor Q17, and capacitor C110 are also connected to the COM+ terminal. One end of C103 is grounded. The collector of transistor Q15 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R93. The other end of resistor R93 is electrically connected to the base of transistor Q16. The emitter of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R108. The collector of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R110. The other end of resistor R110 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R89 ​​and the base of transistor Q17. The collector of transistor Q17 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R90 and the other end of capacitor C103. The other end of resistor R90 is electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply.

[0035] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit. The photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit uses Zener diodes ZD3 and ZD4 to establish a precise voltage reference, and uses transistors Q15-Q17 to form a multi-stage amplification and switching circuit to achieve accurate detection and judgment of the photovoltaic output voltage. The photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit sets the detection threshold through the voltage regulation characteristics of the Zener diodes. When the photovoltaic voltage reaches the set value, the cascaded transistor circuit conducts sequentially, and finally outputs a control signal through transistor Q17.

[0036] The photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit realizes real-time monitoring and accurate judgment of photovoltaic power generation status, eliminating the problems of low detection accuracy and lag response in traditional photovoltaic detection circuits. It provides reliable photovoltaic status information for the intelligent switching and coordinated operation of the entire power supply system, and improves the system's monitoring accuracy of photovoltaic power generation conditions.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 3-6. The auxiliary power generation sub-circuit includes a PWM control chip U1, a MOSFET Q18, diodes D2-D3, diodes D5-D6, an inductor L3, resistors R26, R29-R30, R118-R119, R122-R124, R146-R147, capacitors C43, C111-C114, C117-C120, C122-C124, C137, C139, C141, C150-C152, and a transformer TX1. Pin 1 of the PWM control chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C112. Pin 2 of the PWM control chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R123 and one end of resistor R124, respectively. The other end of resistor R123 is electrically connected to the +12V power supply. Pin 3 of the PWM control chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C111 and one end of resistor R118, respectively. Pin 4 of the PWM control chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R26 and one end of capacitor C113, respectively. Pin 5 of the PWM control chip U1, the other end of resistor R124, the other end of capacitor C112, one end of capacitor C114, the other end of capacitor C113, the other end of capacitor C111, and one end of resistor R30 are all grounded. Pin 6 of chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R119. Pin 7 of PWM control chip U1, the cathode of diode D3, one end of resistor R122, the anode of capacitor C120, and one end of capacitor C119 are all electrically connected to the +Vcc power supply. Pin 8 of PWM control chip U1, the other end of resistor R26, and the other end of capacitor C114 are all electrically connected to the +5Vref power supply. The other end of capacitor C119, the cathode of capacitor C120, one end of capacitor C117, one end of capacitor C118, one end of capacitor C137, one end of capacitor C139, and pin 5 of transformer TX1 are all grounded. The other end of resistor R119 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R29 and the gate of MOSFET Q18. The other end of resistor R118 is electrically connected to the other ends of resistors R29 and R30, respectively, and to the source of MOSFET Q18. The drain of MOSFET Q18 is electrically connected to pin 2 of transformer TX1. The anode of diode D3, the other ends of capacitors C117, C118, C137, and C139, the cathode of diode D6, and one end of capacitor C43 are all electrically connected to the +12V power supply. The other end of capacitor C43 and the anode of diode D6 are both electrically connected to pin 4 of transformer TX1. The other end of resistor R122 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L3, the anode of capacitor C150, one end of capacitor C151, and pin 1 of transformer TX1. The negative terminal of capacitor C150 and one end of capacitor C152 are both grounded. The other end of capacitor C152 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C151. The positive terminal of diode D5 is electrically connected to pin 7 of transformer TX1. The negative terminal of diode D5, the positive terminal of capacitor C123, one end of capacitor C124, and one end of resistor R147 are all electrically connected to the +12V1 power supply. The negative terminal of capacitor C123, the other end of capacitor C124, the other end of resistor R147, and pin 6 of transformer TX1 are all electrically connected to ground terminal GND1. The positive terminal of diode D2 is electrically connected to pin 10 of transformer TX1. The negative terminal of diode D2, one end of capacitor C122, one end of capacitor C141, and one end of resistor R146 are all electrically connected to the +12V2 power supply.The other ends of capacitor C122, capacitor C141, resistor R146, and pin 9 of transformer TX1 are all electrically connected to ground GND2.

[0038] Specifically, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the auxiliary power generation sub-circuit. The auxiliary power generation sub-circuit is based on the PWM control chip U1, and uses MOSFET Q18 to form a switching regulation circuit. It works with transformer TX1 to achieve voltage conversion and electrical isolation. Diodes D2, D3, D5, and D6 are used to form a rectifier circuit, and multi-stage filter capacitors and inductor L3 are configured to provide stable multi-output power (+12V1, +12V2 power).

[0039] The auxiliary power generation sub-circuit achieves efficient voltage conversion and regulation through PWM control. Transformer isolation ensures safe isolation between power supplies. The multi-output design meets the differentiated power supply requirements of different modules in the system and eliminates the problems of power interference and load influence in traditional single-channel power supply designs.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the working process of a meteorological photovoltaic oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit is as follows: Initialization phase: When the system starts up, the synchronous buck converter U5 in the CPU chip power generation sub-circuit converts the 12V power supply to a 5V intermediate voltage, and then outputs a stable 3.3V power supply through the linear regulator U8, providing a reliable operating power supply for digital circuits such as the microcontroller U3.

[0041] Voltage detection stage: The photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit monitors the output status of the solar panel in real time. When the photovoltaic voltage reaches the set threshold, the voltage reference established by Zener diodes ZD3 and ZD4 triggers the cascaded transistors Q15-Q17 to conduct and send a photovoltaic available signal to the microcontroller U3.

[0042] Signal processing and judgment stage: The microcontroller U3 of the CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit receives multiple signals from photovoltaic voltage detection, battery voltage monitoring and other sources. The signals are conditioned and amplified by operational amplifiers U6A and U6B. Combined with historical data in memory chip U11, a comprehensive judgment is made to determine the current power supply strategy.

[0043] Power switching control stage: Based on the detection results, the microcontroller U3 outputs a control signal through pin 41 to the generator start / stop sub-circuit, driving transistor Q19 to control the on / off state of optocoupler U20, and then controls the start / stop of the DC generator through output switch K1, ensuring that the backup power supply is started in time when solar power is insufficient or battery power is insufficient.

[0044] External communication phase: The external communication sub-circuit exchanges data with the external monitoring system through the carrier communication module M1, reports the system operating status, power switching information and fault alarm information in real time, and receives remote control commands at the same time.

[0045] Continuous monitoring phase: During operation, the system continuously monitors the status of each power source, dynamically adjusts the power supply strategy, ensures uninterrupted power supply to meteorological power loads, and immediately activates the corresponding protection and switching mechanisms when an abnormal situation is detected.

[0046] Through the above workflow, this embodiment achieves the coordination and switching of multiple power sources such as solar panels, lithium iron phosphate batteries, and DC generators, effectively solving the problems of imperfect signal processing paths and blind spots in information acquisition and judgment in the prior art.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A meteorological photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit, characterized in that, The integrated solar-powered fuel storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications includes a DC generator, a low-light boost MPPT, a 6020 lithium iron phosphate battery for battery swapping, a DC-DC converter, a meteorological power load, a solar panel, a battery voltage detection / high-voltage pack power supply control circuit, and a simulated generator start button circuit. The battery voltage detection / high voltage pack power supply control circuit includes a generator start / stop control sub-circuit, a CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit, an external communication sub-circuit, a CPU chip operating power generation sub-circuit, a photovoltaic output voltage judgment sub-circuit, and an auxiliary power generation sub-circuit. The CPU signal detection and judgment subcircuit is electrically connected to the external communication subcircuit, the photovoltaic output voltage judgment subcircuit, and the generator start / stop subcircuit, and is used to detect input signals and output control signals.

2. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The CPU signal detection and judgment sub-circuit includes a microcontroller U3, operational amplifier U6A, operational amplifier U6B, connector P1, connector CN1, memory chip U11, switch S1, resistors R1-R4, resistors R27-R28, resistors R33-R35, resistors R38-R39, resistors R41-R42, resistors R45, resistors R51, resistors R53, resistors R56-R57, resistors R130-R134, R138-R145, resistor RT3, capacitors C1-C4, capacitors C35-C38, capacitor C44, capacitors C46-C51, capacitors C54-C55, capacitor C57, capacitor C60, capacitor C62, and capacitors C129-C132. Pins 1, 48, 42, and 36 of microcontroller U3 are connected to switch S1 to receive input signals and output control signals; pins 39 and 40 of microcontroller U3 are connected to memory chip U11 to store data; pins 4 and 8 of microcontroller U3 are connected to operational amplifiers U6A and U6B to amplify signals.

3. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit for starting and stopping the generator includes an optocoupler U20, a transistor Q19, an output switch K1, and resistors R136-R137. Pin 1 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R136, and the other end of resistor R136 is electrically connected to a +3.3V power supply. Pin 2 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q19, the emitter of transistor Q19 is grounded, the base of transistor Q19 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R137, pin 3 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to one end of output switch K1, pin 4 of optocoupler U20 is electrically connected to a +12V power supply, and the other end of output switch K1 is grounded.

4. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The external communication sub-circuit includes a carrier communication module M1, a transient suppression diode D1, a transformer TX2, capacitors C133-C135, a resistor R135, and a connector P2.

5. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Pin 1 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to one end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 1 of transformer TX2, respectively. Pin 2 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the other end of transient suppression diode D1 and pin 2 of transformer TX2, respectively. Pin 3 of transformer TX2 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C133. Pin 3 of carrier communication module M1, one end of capacitor C134, and one end of capacitor C135 are all grounded. Pin 4 of carrier communication module M1, the other end of capacitor C134, and the other end of capacitor C135 are all electrically connected to +3.3V power supply. Pin 5 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of connector P2. Pin 6 of carrier communication module M1 is electrically connected to the power supply of resistor R135 and pin 2 of connector P2, respectively. The other end of resistor R135 and pin 1 of connector P2 are both electrically connected to +3.3V power supply. Pin 4 of connector P2 is grounded.

6. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The CPU chip power supply generation sub-circuit includes a synchronous buck converter U5, a linear regulator U8, resistors R32, R37, R55, and R126, capacitors C40-C42, C45, C125-C128, and inductor L4.

7. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Pin 1 of the synchronous buck converter U5, one end of resistor R55, one end of resistor R37, one end of capacitor C41, one end of capacitor C42, and one end of capacitor C126; pin 1 of the linear regulator U8, one end of capacitor C45, one end of capacitor C125, and one end of capacitor C127 are all grounded. Pin 2 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C40 and one end of inductor L4, respectively. Pin 3 of the synchronous buck converter U5 and one end of resistor R32 are both electrically connected to the +12V power supply. Pin 4 of the synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R37, one end of resistor R126, and one end of capacitor C128, respectively. Pin 5 of U5 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R55 and resistor R32, respectively. Pin 6 of synchronous buck converter U5 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C40. The other end of inductor L4 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R126, capacitor C128, capacitor C41, capacitor C42, capacitor C126, and pin 3 of linear regulator U8, respectively. Pin 3 of linear regulator U8 is input with a +5V power supply voltage, and pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is output with a +3.3V power supply voltage. Pin 2 of linear regulator U8 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C45, capacitor C125, and capacitor C127, respectively.

8. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic output voltage determination sub-circuit includes transistors Q15-Q17, Zener diodes ZD3-ZD4, resistors R89-R91, R93-R94, R108, R110, R112, capacitors C103 and C110.

9. A meteorological photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The cathode of Zener diode ZD3 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R94, one end of resistor R91, and the cathode of Zener diode ZD4. The other end of resistor R94 and one end of resistor R108 are electrically connected to the COM+ terminal. The anode of Zener diode ZD3 is connected to one end of resistor R112, one end of capacitor C110, and the base of transistor Q15. The anode of Zener diode ZD4, the other end of resistor R91, the other end of resistor R112, the other end of capacitor C110, the emitter of transistor Q15, one end of resistor R89, the emitter of transistor Q17, and capacitor C110 are also connected to the COM+ terminal. One end of C103 is grounded. The collector of transistor Q15 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R93. The other end of resistor R93 is electrically connected to the base of transistor Q16. The emitter of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R108. The collector of transistor Q16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R110. The other end of resistor R110 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R89 ​​and the base of transistor Q17. The collector of transistor Q17 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R90 and the other end of capacitor C103. The other end of resistor R90 is electrically connected to the +3.3V power supply.

10. The integrated photovoltaic and oil storage uninterruptible power supply unit for meteorological applications as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary power generation sub-circuit includes a PWM control chip U1, a MOSFET Q18, diodes D2-D3, diodes D5-D6, an inductor L3, resistors R26, R29-R30, R118-R119, R122-R124, R146-R147, capacitors C43, C111-C114, C117-C120, C122-C124, C137, C139, C141, C150-C152, and a transformer TX1.

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