Hydrogen storage unit and solid hydrogen storage reactor bed

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen storage unit and solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, this hydrogen storage unit includes inner cylinder, outer cylinder, fin, clamping groove and end cover. This hydrogen storage unit can increase the heat exchange area, improve and take off the hydrogen performance, can also relieve the partial stress concentration that hydrogen storage material powder is caused in narrow corner accumulation compaction, avoid partial stress concentration to the structure of hydrogen storage unit and cause the damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a hydrogen storage unit and a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage utilizes the physical adsorption or chemical reaction of hydrogen on solid materials to store hydrogen. Solid-state hydrogen storage generally offers safety, high efficiency, and high density, making it the most promising research discovery after gaseous and liquid hydrogen storage. Solid-state hydrogen storage requires both storage materials and equipment. The structure of the solid-state hydrogen storage equipment affects the hydrogen absorption and desorption rates, as well as its lifespan.

[0003] CN114017667A discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage device, including a conveying carrier plate and a hydrogen storage tank containing hydrogen storage material. Four sets of equidistantly arranged positioning components are fixedly connected to the top of the conveying carrier plate, and each set of positioning components includes two transport docking platforms fixed to the conveying carrier plate. The outer surface of the hydrogen storage tank is fixedly fitted with heat-conducting ring-shaped fins. This solid-state hydrogen storage device can be filled with hydrogen through a hydrogen filling pipe. Hydrogen is absorbed by the hydrogen storage material inside the tank, generating heat. This heat is conducted to the outer wall of the tank by the heat-conducting material and quickly discharged outside the tank through the heat-conducting ring-shaped fins. However, the hydrogen storage material inside the tank is prone to clumping, affecting hydrogen absorption and desorption performance. Furthermore, the fins of this solid-state hydrogen storage device are located on the outside of the tank, resulting in relatively low thermal conductivity.

[0004] CN120160074A discloses a solid alloy hydrogen storage device, including a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen storage alloy, and a heat exchange structure assembly. The hydrogen storage container has a finned structure and layered partitions inside. The finned structure consists of detachable radial cross-shaped partitions and perforated partitions. The layered partitions form a multi-layered hydrogen storage alloy structure, and each partition is a metal plate with small holes.

[0005] CN220523865U discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage container, including a storage container body and heat exchange fins. An upper end cap is welded to the upper end of the storage container body, and a lower end cap is welded to the lower end. The cavity between the storage container body, the upper end cap, and the lower end cap forms a hydrogen storage material reaction chamber. The heat exchange fins are located within the hydrogen storage material reaction chamber and include heat transfer medium channels located at the center of the storage container body. Eight heat exchange plates are arranged on the outer surface of the heat transfer medium channels in a circumferential array at equal angles. In this solid-state hydrogen storage container, the heat exchange efficiency is still relatively low because the heat exchange plates do not contact the storage container body. Furthermore, localized stress concentration inside the storage container can easily damage the heat exchange plates. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, one objective of this invention is to provide a hydrogen storage unit that can improve internal heat transfer, limit the localized accumulation behavior of hydrogen storage material after pulverization, and avoid damage to the device caused by localized stress concentration. Another objective of this invention is to provide a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives by adopting the following technical solution.

[0008] On the one hand, this utility model provides a hydrogen storage unit, which includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, fins, a slot, and an end cap;

[0009] The inner cylinder is fitted inside the outer cylinder along the axial direction, and there is a space between them; the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder form the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage unit;

[0010] The fins are multiple and spaced apart. One side of each fin is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The cross-section of each fin is a wavy structure with crests and troughs. Adjacent fins form a receiving chamber, and both the receiving chamber and the inner cylinder are configured to accommodate hydrogen storage material.

[0011] The slots are multiple and spaced apart, and are arranged along the axial direction on the inner side wall of the outer cylinder. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening and a third opening, wherein the first and second openings are arranged opposite each other at the two ends of the slot, and the third opening faces the inner cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be provided at the third opening.

[0012] There are two end caps, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first opening or the second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps.

[0013] This utility model also provides another hydrogen storage unit, which includes an outer cylinder, fins, a slot and an end cap;

[0014] The outer cylinder has a receiving space, which forms the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage unit;

[0015] The fins are multiple, with one side of each fin connected so that the fins are arranged in a cross-shaped manner, and the other side of each fin is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder; the cross-section of each fin is a wavy structure with crests and troughs; a receiving chamber is formed between adjacent fins, and the receiving chamber contains hydrogen storage material.

[0016] The slots are multiple and spaced apart, and are arranged along the axial direction on the inner side wall of the outer cylinder. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are located opposite each other at the two ends of the slot, and the third opening is away from the outer cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be provided at the third opening.

[0017] There are two end caps, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first opening or the second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps.

[0018] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably, the hydrogen storage unit further includes a filter layer with a mesh structure; there are two filter layers, which are respectively disposed between the end cap and the cylinder body.

[0019] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably:

[0020] When one of the fins is positioned close to the inner cylinder, the convex direction of the fin crest of any fin is towards the fin in front of it, either clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the receiving space.

[0021] Both the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are cylindrical structures;

[0022] Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, the length of the inner cylinder and the length of the outer cylinder are the same, and their center points coincide;

[0023] Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, the length of the fin is the same as the length of the inner cylinder, and the center point of the fin and the center point of the inner cylinder are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0024] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably, the fins are wavy fins with one crest and one trough spliced ​​by arcs; the radius R1 of the arc, the radius R2 of the outer side wall of the inner cylinder and the radius R3 of the inner side wall of the outer cylinder have the following relationship: 0.4≤R1 / (R3-R2)≤0.45.

[0025] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably, when one of the troughs of the fin is set close to the outer cylinder, the concave direction of the trough of any fin is towards the fin behind it in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction along the circumference of the accommodating space.

[0026] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably, the inner wall of the cross-section of the slot is formed by an arc portion, a first inclined portion, and a second inclined portion, wherein the arc portion is basically a circle with a notch, the first inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from one end of the notch, and the second inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from the other end of the notch; the included angle formed by the intersection of the extension lines of the first inclined portion and the extension lines of the second inclined portion is greater than 55° and less than 65°;

[0027] The fins are configured as four; the slots are configured as four; only one slot is provided between two adjacent fins; the length of the slot is the same as the length of the outer cylinder.

[0028] According to the hydrogen storage unit of this utility model, preferably, the inner sidewalls of both ends of the slot are provided with internal threads; the connector is a countersunk screw, the countersunk screw has a countersunk end and a screw section, the screw section has an external thread, the external thread matches the internal thread; the screw section is configured to pass through the end cap and the filter layer.

[0029] On the other hand, this utility model also provides a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes a container and a plurality of hydrogen storage units as described above; the plurality of hydrogen storage units are stacked in the container, and there are gaps between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units, thereby forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel.

[0030] This invention also provides another solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes a container and multiple hydrogen storage units as described above; the multiple hydrogen storage units are stacked inside the container, and there are gaps between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units, thereby forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel.

[0031] The hydrogen storage unit of this invention can improve internal heat transfer, limit the localized accumulation behavior after the hydrogen storage material is pulverized, and avoid damage to the hydrogen storage unit caused by localized stress concentration. The solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed of this invention includes multiple stacked hydrogen storage units, which is easy to scale up for production. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit according to the present invention (excluding end caps and filter layers).

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the card slot.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap structure.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another type of hydrogen storage unit.

[0037] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0038] 1-Inner cylinder, 2-Outer cylinder, 3-Fin, 4-Slot, 41-Arc portion, 42-First inclined portion, 43-Second inclined portion, 5-End cap, 51-Ventilation hole, 52-Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] <Hydrogen Storage Unit I>

[0041] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage unit of this invention (denoted as hydrogen storage unit I) includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, fins, a slot, and an end cap. Preferably, it also includes a filter layer. A detailed description follows.

[0042] Inner cylinder and outer cylinder

[0043] The inner cylinder is fitted inside the outer cylinder along the axial direction, and there is a space between them; the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder form the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0044] In some implementations, both the inner and outer cylinders are cylindrical structures. Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, the lengths of the inner and outer cylinders are the same, and their center points coincide. That is, the tops of the inner and outer cylinders are flush, and their bottoms are flush. The outer cylinder design facilitates the storage of hydrogen materials. The inner cylinder design facilitates the fixation of the fins and the axial flow of hydrogen.

[0045] The inner and outer cylinders can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, copper, or their alloys.

[0046] fins

[0047] The device comprises multiple fins spaced apart. One side of each fin is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. Each fin has a wavy cross-section with crests and troughs. Adjacent fins form a receiving chamber, and both the receiving chamber and the inner cylinder are designed to accommodate hydrogen storage material. Preferably, when one crest of a fin is positioned close to the inner cylinder, the convex direction of the crest of any fin, rotating clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the receiving space, points towards the fin in front of it. This fin structure improves internal heat transfer within the hydrogen storage unit, enhances the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, and helps limit the localized accumulation behavior of the hydrogen storage material after pulverization, preventing localized stress concentration from damaging the hydrogen storage unit. In existing technologies, fins are generally spiral, sheet-like, or arched structures. Some of these fins have insufficient heat dissipation performance, while others tend to accumulate and compact hydrogen storage material powder in narrow corners, leading to localized stress concentration and tearing between the fins and the cylinder wall. This affects heat transfer between the core and the cylinder wall and can easily damage the solid hydrogen storage device, affecting its service life. In this embodiment, the fins are located between the inner and outer cylinders.

[0048] In some embodiments, the length of the fins is the same as the length of the inner cylinder along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, and the center point of the fins is located in the same horizontal plane as the center point of the inner cylinder. That is, the top end of the fins is flush with the top end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom end of the fins is flush with the bottom end of the inner cylinder.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fin is a wave-shaped fin with one crest and one trough, spliced ​​by circular arcs; the radius R1 of the circular arc, the radius R2 of the outer side wall of the inner cylinder and the radius R3 of the inner side wall of the outer cylinder have the following relationship: 0.4≤R1 / (R3-R2)≤0.45.

[0050] More preferably, the radius R1 of the arc, the radius R2 of the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, and the radius R3 of the inner side wall of the outer cylinder are related as follows: 0.41≤R1 / (R3-R2)≤0.43.

[0051] According to a specific embodiment of this utility model, the fins are wavy fins with one crest and one trough, formed by arc splicing. The following relationship exists between the radius R1 of the arc, the radius R2 of the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the radius R3 of the inner wall of the outer cylinder: 0.42 ≤ R1 / (R3-R2) ≤ 0.43. This increases the heat exchange area and eliminates the small-angle junctions between the fins and the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer cylinder. This alleviates the compaction of hydrogen storage material powder in narrow corners and avoids damage to the fins and cylinder walls caused by localized stress concentration.

[0052] In this invention, there are three or more fins, preferably four or more, for example, four. The multiple fins are evenly distributed within the accommodating space. This helps to increase the heat dissipation area without reducing the amount of hydrogen storage material.

[0053] In this invention, the fins can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, copper, or their alloys.

[0054] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage material is formed of a hydrogen storage alloy and uniformly filled in the receiving chambers between the fins and in the inner cylinder. In other embodiments, the hydrogen storage material is composed of a hydrogen storage alloy, a thermally conductive agent, and an anti-expansion agent in a certain proportion and uniformly filled in the receiving chambers between the fins and in the inner cylinder. Examples of hydrogen storage alloy materials include, but are not limited to, rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloy materials, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy materials, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloy materials, vanadium-based solid solutions, and carbon materials. Examples of thermally conductive agents include, but are not limited to, copper (Cu) powder / fiber, aluminum (Al) powder, nickel (Ni) powder, graphene, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphite powder, and boron nitride (BN). Examples of anti-expansion agents include, but are not limited to, porous carbon, activated carbon, carbon foam, carbon fiber cloth, alumina (Al2O3) fiber, metal foam (copper foam, nickel foam), metal mesh, organosilicon, epoxy resin, and silicone.

[0055] Card slot

[0056] The device comprises multiple slots spaced apart, arranged axially on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are positioned opposite each other at opposite ends of the slot, while the third opening faces the inner cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be installed at the third opening. This design secures the end cap and creates an axial hydrogen diffusion channel near the inner wall of the outer cylinder, thereby increasing the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate.

[0057] In this invention, there are three or more slots, preferably four or more, for example, four slots. In some embodiments, only one slot is provided between two adjacent fins. The length of the slot is the same as the length of the outer cylinder, that is, the top end of the slot is flush with the top end of the outer cylinder, and the bottom end of the slot is flush with the bottom end of the outer cylinder.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the cross-section of the slot is formed by an arc portion, a first inclined portion, and a second inclined portion. The arc portion is basically a circle with a notch. The first inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from one end of the notch. The second inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from the other end of the notch. The angle formed by the intersection of the extension lines of the first inclined portion and the extension lines of the second inclined portion is greater than 55° and less than 65°, for example, 60°.

[0059] In some implementations, the inner walls at both ends of the slot are provided with internal threads. This facilitates securing the end cap with screws.

[0060] In some embodiments, no filter screen is provided at the third opening of the slot. In other embodiments, a filter screen is provided at the third opening of the slot. When hydrogen storage material is filled into the receiving chamber, a certain amount of hydrogen storage material powder will enter the slot through the third opening, but the hydrogen storage material powder in the slot will not be compacted, and it still serves as a good axial hydrogen diffusion channel.

[0061] In this utility model, the inner cylinder, outer cylinder, fins and slots can be integrally formed, and are referred to as finned cylinder (i.e. finned cylinder I).

[0062] End caps, filter layers and connectors

[0063] Two end caps are provided, namely a first end cap and a second end cap, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first or second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps. The end caps have a flat plate structure, and the multiple vent holes facilitate the entry and exit of hydrogen gas. Multiple connection holes are also provided on the end caps. According to a specific embodiment of this utility model, the end cap has a circular flat plate structure with multiple connection holes and multiple vent holes. The connection holes are located near the edge for inserting the connecting member. There can be three or more connection holes, preferably four or more, and the number of connection holes can be the same as the number of slots. The number of vent holes can be four or more, preferably five or more.

[0064] In this invention, the connector includes a first connector for fixing a first end cap and a second connector for fixing a second end cap. Multiple first connectors connect the first end cap to the slot, with one end of the first connector embedded in a first opening of the slot. Multiple second connectors connect the second end cap to the slot, with one end of the second connector embedded in a second opening of the slot.

[0065] The filter layer has a mesh structure. There are two filter layers, namely a first filter layer and a second filter layer, which are respectively disposed between the end cap and the cylinder body. In some embodiments, the filter layer is circular, and its diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder body. The arrangement of the filter layer is more conducive to preventing the hydrogen storage material powder from flowing out of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0066] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the connector is a countersunk screw, which has a countersunk end and a screw section. The screw section has an external thread that matches the internal thread. The screw section is designed to pass through the end cap and the filter layer. The countersunk end protrudes 1-2 mm from the surface of the end cap, which allows for gaps between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units when they are stacked, thereby forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel.

[0067] <Hydrogen Storage Unit II>

[0068] In other embodiments, the hydrogen storage unit of this invention (denoted as hydrogen storage unit II) includes an outer cylinder, fins, a slot, and an end cap. Preferably, it also includes a filter layer. A detailed description follows.

[0069] The outer cylinder has a containment space, forming the body of the hydrogen storage unit. The outer cylinder has a cylindrical structure.

[0070] The device comprises multiple fins, with one side of each fin connected, resulting in a cross-shaped arrangement. The other side of each fin is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. Each fin has a wavy cross-section with crests and troughs. Adjacent fins form a receiving chamber capable of accommodating hydrogen storage material. Preferably, when one trough of a fin is positioned close to the outer cylinder, the concave direction of the trough of any fin, rotating clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the receiving space, faces the fin behind it. According to one embodiment of the present invention, each fin has a wavy cross-section with two troughs and one crest. One trough of the fin is close to the outer cylinder, and multiple fins are connected on one side, for example, four fins, thus creating a cross-shaped arrangement. According to another embodiment of the present invention, each fin has a wave-shaped structure with a crest and a trough in its cross section. One trough of the fin is close to the outer cylinder. Multiple fins are connected on one side, for example, four fins can be connected on one side, so that the fins are arranged in a cross-shaped manner.

[0071] In this invention, setting one trough of the fin close to the outer cylinder is to facilitate the description of multiple fins being arranged in the same direction. In practice, one crest of the fin could also be set close to the outer cylinder.

[0072] Multiple slots are spaced apart and are located on the inner wall of the outer cylinder along the axial direction. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are positioned opposite each other at the two ends of the slot, while the third opening is located away from the outer cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be installed at the third opening. Two end caps are attached to the two ends of the cylinder via connectors. One end of the connector is embedded in the first or second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps. The filter layer has a mesh structure. There are two filter layers, one positioned between the end caps and the cylinder. Detailed descriptions of the slots, end caps, and filter layers are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0073] In the hydrogen storage unit II of this utility model, the outer cylinder, fins and slots can be integrally formed, and can also be called finned cylinder (i.e. finned cylinder II).

[0074] Solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed

[0075] In some embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor of this invention includes a container and multiple hydrogen storage units I as described above. The multiple hydrogen storage units I are stacked, with gaps between adjacent stacked units, thus forming radial hydrogen diffusion channels; the container is configured to accommodate the stacked hydrogen storage units. The outer wall of the outer cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit I and the inner wall of the container are not in contact, with gaps between them. This facilitates axial hydrogen flow. The axial direction of the hydrogen storage unit I is the same as the axial direction of the container.

[0076] The adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units I do not need to be fixed together, and the inner diameter of the container tank is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit I.

[0077] In other embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor of this invention includes a container and multiple hydrogen storage units II as described above. The multiple hydrogen storage units II are stacked, with gaps between adjacent stacked units II, thereby forming radial hydrogen diffusion channels; the container is configured to accommodate the stacked hydrogen storage units II. The outer wall of the outer cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit II and the inner wall of the container are not in contact, with gaps between them. This facilitates axial hydrogen flow. The axial direction of the hydrogen storage unit II is the same as the axial direction of the container.

[0078] The adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units II do not need to be fixed together, and the inner diameter of the container tank is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit II.

[0079] In this invention, the specific structure of the container can be referred to those known in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0080] <Production Methods>

[0081] This utility model also provides a method for producing a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, comprising the following steps:

[0082] 1) Obtain a finned cylinder (which can be referred to as finned cylinder I) with an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, fins and slots through an extrusion process; prepare end caps, filter layers and connectors;

[0083] 2) Take a finned tube I, an end cap, a filter layer and several connectors. Use the connectors to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the bottom surface of the finned tube I to form a finned tube I with an end cap.

[0084] 3) Fill the prepared hydrogen storage material into the receiving chamber and inner cylinder of finned cylinder I;

[0085] 4) Then, use connectors to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the top surface of finned cylinder I to complete the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit I).

[0086] 5) Multiple assembled hydrogen storage units I are sequentially placed into the container tank, so that multiple hydrogen storage units I are stacked sequentially in the container tank to obtain a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. In step 1), a finned cylinder I with an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, fins and a groove is obtained by extrusion process; the connecting part is a countersunk screw.

[0087] In step 2), specifically, a finned cylinder I, an end cap, a filter layer, and several countersunk screws are taken. The filter layer is fixed between the end cap and the bottom surface of the finned cylinder I using the countersunk screws to form a finned cylinder I with an end cap. More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap and the filter layer in sequence, and a portion of the screw section is embedded in the second opening of the slot.

[0088] In step 4), specifically, the filter layer is then fixed between the end cap and the top surface of the finned tube I using countersunk screws, completing the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit I. More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap and the filter layer in sequence, and a portion of the screw section is embedded in the first opening of the slot.

[0089] In step 5), when multiple hydrogen storage units I are stacked sequentially inside the container, there is no restriction on whether the slots of adjacent hydrogen storage units I correspond.

[0090] This invention also provides another method for producing a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, comprising the following steps:

[0091] 1') Obtain a finned cylinder (which can be referred to as finned cylinder II) with an outer cylinder, fins and slots through an extrusion process; prepare end caps, filter layers and connectors;

[0092] 2') Take a finned tube, an end cap, a filter layer and several connectors. Use the connectors to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the bottom surface of the finned tube II to form a finned tube II with an end cap.

[0093] 3') Fill the prepared hydrogen storage material into the receiving chamber of finned tube II;

[0094] 4') Then, use connectors to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the top surface of the finned cylinder II to complete the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit II).

[0095] 5') Multiple assembled hydrogen storage units II are placed into the container tank in sequence, so that multiple hydrogen storage units II are stacked in the container tank in sequence to obtain a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed.

[0096] In step 1'), a finned cylinder II with an outer cylinder, fins, and slots is obtained through an extrusion process. The connecting parts are countersunk screws.

[0097] In step 2'), specifically, a finned tube II, an end cap, a filter layer, and several countersunk screws are taken. The filter layer is fixed between the end cap and the bottom surface of the finned tube II using the countersunk screws to form a finned tube II with an end cap. More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap and the filter layer in sequence, and a portion of the screw section is embedded in the second opening of the slot.

[0098] In step 4'), specifically, the filter layer is then fixed between the end cap and the top surface of the finned tube II with countersunk screws to complete the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit II); more specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap and the filter layer in sequence, and a part of the screw section is embedded in the first opening of the slot.

[0099] In step 5'), when multiple hydrogen storage units II are stacked sequentially inside the container, there is no restriction on whether the slots of adjacent hydrogen storage units II correspond.

[0100] Example 1 - Hydrogen Storage Unit (denoted as Hydrogen Storage Unit I)

[0101] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit according to the present invention (excluding end caps and filter layers). Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the card slot. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap structure.

[0102] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the hydrogen storage unit I in this embodiment includes an inner cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, fins 3, a slot 4, a filter layer (not shown), and an end cap 5.

[0103] The inner cylinder 1 is fitted inside the outer cylinder 2 along the axial direction, with a space between them. The inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 form the body of the hydrogen storage unit I.

[0104] The inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are both cylindrical. Along the axis of the inner cylinder 1 (or the axis of the outer cylinder 2), the lengths of the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are the same, and their center points coincide. That is, when the axis of the inner cylinder 1 is vertical, the top of the inner cylinder 1 is flush with the top of the outer cylinder 2, and the bottom of the inner cylinder 1 is flush with the bottom of the outer cylinder 2.

[0105] There are multiple fins 3, which are spaced apart. One side of each fin 3 is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 1, and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2. The cross-section of each fin 3 is a wavy structure with crests and troughs. For example, the cross-section of each fin 3 is a wavy structure with only one crest and one trough.

[0106] by Figure 1 From the current perspective, when the crest of fin 3 is positioned close to the inner cylinder 1, the convex direction of the crest of any fin 3, rotating clockwise along the circumference of the accommodating space, is towards the fin 3 in front of it. An accommodating chamber is formed between adjacent fins 3. The accommodating chamber and the inner cylinder 1 are used to accommodate hydrogen storage material.

[0107] Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 1 (or along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 2), the length of the fin 3 is the same as the length of the inner cylinder 1, and the center point of the fin 3 and the center point of the inner cylinder 1 are located in the same horizontal plane. That is, when the axial direction of the inner cylinder 1 is vertical, the top end of the fin 3 is flush with the top end of the inner cylinder 1, and the bottom end of the fin 3 is flush with the bottom end of the inner cylinder 1.

[0108] In this embodiment, the fin 3 is a wavy fin with one crest and one trough, formed by arc splicing. The following relationship exists between the radius R1 of the arc, the radius R2 of the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the radius R3 of the inner wall of the outer cylinder: 0.4 ≤ R1 / (R3-R2) ≤ 0.45. Preferably, 0.41 ≤ R1 / (R3-R2) ≤ 0.43. For example, R1 / (R3-R2) = 0.423. Specifically, the radius R1 of the arc is 7.7 mm, the radius R2 of the outer wall of the inner cylinder is 13.9 mm, and the radius R3 of the inner wall of the outer cylinder is 32.1 mm.

[0109] In this embodiment, there are four fins 3, which are evenly distributed in the accommodating space to form four accommodating chambers for accommodating hydrogen storage materials.

[0110] Multiple slots 4 are spaced apart and arranged along the axial direction on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2. Each slot 4 has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are positioned opposite each other at opposite ends of the slot 4, and the third opening faces the inner cylinder 1. In this embodiment, no filter screen is installed at the third opening. The arrangement of the slots 4 enables the hydrogen storage unit I to form an axial hydrogen diffusion channel.

[0111] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the inner wall of the cross-section of the slot 4 is formed by an arc portion 41, a first inclined portion 42, and a second inclined portion 43. The arc portion 41 is basically a circle with a notch. The first inclined portion 42 is formed by bending outward and extending from one end of the notch. The second inclined portion 43 is formed by bending outward and extending from the other end of the notch. The angle formed by the intersection of the extension line of the first inclined portion 42 and the extension line of the second inclined portion 43 is greater than 55° and less than 65°, for example, 60°.

[0112] In this embodiment, there are four slots 4, evenly distributed on the inner sidewall of the outer cylinder 2. Only one slot 4 is provided between two adjacent fins 3. The length of the slot 4 is the same as the length of the outer cylinder 2. That is, the top end of the slot 4 is flush with the top end of the outer cylinder 2, and the bottom end of the slot 4 is flush with the bottom end of the outer cylinder 2.

[0113] In this embodiment, the inner sidewalls at both ends of the slot 4 are provided with internal threads.

[0114] like Figure 4 As shown, there are two end caps 5, namely a first end cap and a second end cap, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first opening or the second opening of the slot 4. Multiple ventilation holes 51 are provided on the end caps 5. Connection holes 52 are also provided on the end caps 5. There are two filter layers, namely a first filter layer and a second filter layer, both of which are mesh structures. The first filter layer is set between the first end cap and the top of the cylinder body, and the second filter layer is set between the second end cap and the bottom of the cylinder body. The filter layers are circular.

[0115] Specifically, the connector is a countersunk screw, which has a countersunk end and a screw section. The screw section has external threads that match the internal threads of the slot 4. The screw section can pass through the connecting hole 52 of the end cap 5 and the filter layer. The countersunk end has a set height (e.g., 2 mm).

[0116] In this embodiment, an integrally formed finned cylinder (which can be referred to as finned cylinder I) with an inner cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, fins 3, and a slot 4 can be obtained by an extrusion process.

[0117] Example 2 - Hydrogen Storage Unit (denoted as Hydrogen Storage Unit I)

[0118] The only difference from Example 1 is that a filter screen is provided at the third opening of the card slot 4, and the filter screen covers the third opening. This can better prevent the hydrogen storage material from entering the card slot 4, and will not hinder the hydrogen from entering the card slot 4.

[0119] Example 3 - Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor (referred to as Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor I)

[0120] This embodiment provides a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes multiple hydrogen storage units I as described in Embodiment 1, and also includes a container tank. Five or more hydrogen storage units I (e.g., six) can be sequentially placed into the container tank, thereby forming multiple stacked hydrogen storage units I within the container tank. The countersunk end of the countersunk screw has a set height (e.g., 2 mm), protruding from the surface of the end cap 5, creating a gap between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units I, thus forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel. A gap exists between the outer wall of the cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit I (i.e., the outer wall of the outer cylinder) and the inner wall of the container tank, thus forming an outer peripheral channel for axial hydrogen flow.

[0121] Such a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed can improve internal heat transfer and has good hydrogen absorption and desorption performance; it can limit the local accumulation behavior after the hydrogen storage material is pulverized, and can avoid the damage to the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, it is easy to realize automated and large-scale production.

[0122] Example 4 - Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor (referred to as Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor I)

[0123] This embodiment provides a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes multiple hydrogen storage units I as described in Embodiment 2, and also includes a container tank. Five or more hydrogen storage units I (e.g., six) can be sequentially placed into the container tank, thereby forming multiple stacked hydrogen storage units I within the container tank. A gap exists between the outer wall of the cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit I (i.e., the outer wall of the outer cylinder) and the inner wall of the container tank, thus forming an external channel for the axial flow of hydrogen.

[0124] Example 5 - Hydrogen Storage Unit (denoted as Hydrogen Storage Unit II)

[0125] The only difference from Example 1 is that this example provides another hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit II), such as... Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen storage unit II does not include the inner cylinder 1. It consists of an outer cylinder 2, fins 3, slots 4, a filter layer, and an end cap 5, and the structure of the fins 3 is different. The structures of the outer cylinder 2, slots 4, filter layer, and end cap 5 are the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here. Only the structure and connection relationship of the fins 3 are described here.

[0126] The outer cylinder 2 has a receiving space, forming the body of the hydrogen storage unit II. Multiple fins 3 are connected on one side, creating a cross-shaped arrangement; for example, four fins 3 may be connected on one side, forming a near-cross pattern. The other side of each fin 3 is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2. Each fin 3 has a wavy cross-section with one crest and two troughs. When one trough of a fin 3 is positioned close to the outer cylinder 2, the concave direction of the trough of any fin 3, clockwise along the circumference of the receiving space, points towards the fin 3 behind it. Receiving chambers are formed between adjacent fins 3, and these chambers contain hydrogen storage material.

[0127] In this embodiment, an integrally formed finned tube with an outer cylinder 2, fins 3, and slots 4 can be obtained through an extrusion process (this finned tube can be referred to as finned tube II).

[0128] Example 6 - Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor (referred to as Solid-state hydrogen storage reactor II)

[0129] This embodiment provides a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes multiple hydrogen storage units II as described in Embodiment 5, and also includes a container tank. Five or more hydrogen storage units II (e.g., six) can be sequentially placed into the container tank to form multiple stacked hydrogen storage units II. A gap exists between the outer wall of the cylinder of the hydrogen storage unit II (i.e., the outer wall of the outer cylinder 2) and the inner wall of the container tank, thus forming an external channel for the axial flow of hydrogen.

[0130] Comparative Example 1 - Hydrogen Storage Unit

[0131] The only difference from Example 1 is that the hydrogen storage unit does not have a through slot 4 (i.e., it does not have a slot 4 with the same length as the outer cylinder 2), but only has an internal threaded groove for fixing countersunk screws at the end of the inner side wall of the outer cylinder to fix the end cap 5; and the shape of the cross section of the fin 3 is not a wave-shaped structure, but a line segment structure (i.e., the fin 3 is a flat plate structure).

[0132] Comparative Example 2 - Solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed

[0133] This comparative example provides a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, which includes multiple hydrogen storage units as described in Comparative Example 1, and also includes a container tank. Five or more hydrogen storage units (e.g., six) can be sequentially placed into the container tank to form multiple stacked hydrogen storage units.

[0134] Hydrogen supply experiments were conducted using the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor of Example 3 and the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor of Comparative Example 2, respectively. The solid-state hydrogen storage reactors were filled with the same hydrogen storage material, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy was LaNi5 alloy. The results comparing the duration of constant hydrogen supply rate, the cumulative hydrogen supply amount at constant hydrogen supply rate, and the duration of hydrogen supply pressure ≥0.5MPa are shown in Table 1.

[0135] Table 1

[0136]

[0137] Example 7 - Production method of solid hydrogen storage reactor I

[0138] This embodiment provides a method for producing solid hydrogen storage reactor bed I as shown in Embodiment 3, including the following steps:

[0139] 1) A finned cylinder (i.e., finned cylinder I) with an inner cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, fins 3 and a slot 4 is obtained by extrusion process; end caps 5, filter layers and countersunk screws (i.e. connectors) are prepared.

[0140] 2) Take a finned tube I, an end cap, a filter layer, and several countersunk screws. Use the countersunk screws to fix the filter layer between the end cap 5 and the bottom surface of the finned tube I to form a finned tube I with an end cap. More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap 5 and the filter layer in sequence, and a part of the screw section is embedded in the second opening of the slot 4.

[0141] 3) Fill the prepared hydrogen storage material into the receiving chamber of finned cylinder I and the inner cylinder 1;

[0142] 4) Then, use countersunk screws to fix the filter layer between the end cap 5 and the top surface of the finned cylinder I to complete the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit I); more specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap 5 and the filter layer in sequence, and a part of the screw section is embedded in the first opening of the slot 4.

[0143] 5) Multiple assembled hydrogen storage units I are sequentially placed into the container tank, so that the multiple hydrogen storage units I are stacked sequentially in the container tank to obtain a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed I. When multiple hydrogen storage units I are stacked sequentially in the container tank, there is no restriction on whether the slots of adjacent hydrogen storage units I correspond.

[0144] Example 8 - Production method of solid hydrogen storage reactor II

[0145] This embodiment provides a method for producing solid hydrogen storage reaction bed II as described in Embodiment 5, comprising the following steps:

[0146] 1') A finned cylinder (i.e., finned cylinder II) with an outer cylinder 2, fins 3 and slots 4 integrally formed by extrusion process is obtained; end caps, filter layers and countersunk screws (i.e. connectors) are prepared;

[0147] 2') Take a finned tube II, an end cap, a filter layer, and several countersunk screws. Use the countersunk screws to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the bottom surface of the finned tube II to form a finned tube II with an end cap. More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap 5 and the filter layer in sequence, and a part of the screw section is embedded in the second opening of the slot 4.

[0148] 3') Fill the prepared hydrogen storage material into the receiving chamber of finned tube II;

[0149] 4') Then, use countersunk screws to fix the filter layer between the end cap and the top surface of the finned tube II, completing the assembly of a single hydrogen storage unit (i.e., hydrogen storage unit II). More specifically, the screw section of the countersunk screw passes through the end cap 5 and the filter layer in sequence, and a portion of the screw section is embedded in the first opening of the slot 4.

[0150] 5') Multiple assembled hydrogen storage units II are sequentially placed into the container tank, so that the multiple hydrogen storage units II are stacked sequentially in the container tank to obtain a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed II. When multiple hydrogen storage units II are stacked sequentially in the container tank, it is not restricted whether the slots of adjacent hydrogen storage units II correspond.

[0151] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, improvements, or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of this utility model fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage unit, characterized in that, It includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, fins, a slot, and an end cap; The inner cylinder is fitted inside the outer cylinder along the axial direction, and there is a space between them; the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder form the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage unit; The fins are multiple and spaced apart. One side of each fin is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the other side is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The cross-section of each fin is a wavy structure with crests and troughs. Adjacent fins form a receiving chamber, and both the receiving chamber and the inner cylinder are configured to accommodate hydrogen storage material. The slots are multiple, spaced apart, and are arranged along the axial direction on the inner sidewall of the outer cylinder. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are positioned opposite each other at both ends of the slot, and the third opening faces the inner cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be installed at the third opening. There are two end caps, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first opening or the second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps.

2. A hydrogen storage unit, characterized in that, It includes an outer cylinder, fins, slots, and end caps; The outer cylinder has a receiving space, which forms the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage unit; The fins are multiple, with one side of each fin connected so that the fins are arranged in a cross-shaped manner, and the other side of each fin is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder; the cross-section of each fin is a wavy structure with crests and troughs; a receiving chamber is formed between adjacent fins, and the receiving chamber contains hydrogen storage material. The slots are multiple, spaced apart, and are arranged along the axial direction on the inner sidewall of the outer cylinder. Each slot has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. The first and second openings are positioned opposite each other at the two ends of the slot, and the third opening is located away from the outer cylinder. A filter screen may or may not be installed at the third opening. There are two end caps, which are respectively set at both ends of the cylinder body by connecting members. One end of the connecting member is embedded in the first opening or the second opening of the slot. Multiple vent holes are provided on the end caps.

3. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage unit also includes a filter layer with a mesh structure; there are two filter layers, which are respectively disposed between the end cap and the cylinder body.

4. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When one of the fins is positioned close to the inner cylinder, the convex direction of the fin crest of any fin is towards the fin in front of it, either clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the receiving space. Both the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are cylindrical structures; Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, the length of the inner cylinder and the length of the outer cylinder are the same, and their center points coincide; Along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, the length of the fin is the same as the length of the inner cylinder, and the center point of the fin and the center point of the inner cylinder are located in the same horizontal plane.

5. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fin is a wave-shaped fin with one crest and one trough, spliced ​​by arcs; the radius R1 of the arc, the radius R2 of the outer side wall of the inner cylinder and the radius R3 of the inner side wall of the outer cylinder have the following relationship: 0.4≤R1 / (R3-R2)≤0.

45.

6. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, When a trough of the fin is positioned close to the outer cylinder, the concave direction of the trough of any fin is directed towards the fin behind it, either clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the receiving space.

7. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cross-section of the slot is formed by an arc portion, a first inclined portion, and a second inclined portion. The arc portion is basically a circle with a notch. The first inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from one end of the notch. The second inclined portion is formed by bending outward and extending from the other end of the notch. The angle formed by the intersection of the extension lines of the first inclined portion and the extension lines of the second inclined portion is greater than 55° and less than 65°. The fins are configured as four; the slots are configured as four; only one slot is provided between two adjacent fins; the length of the slot is the same as the length of the outer cylinder.

8. The hydrogen storage unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner sidewalls at both ends of the slot are provided with internal threads; the connector is a countersunk screw, which has a countersunk end and a screw section, the screw section has an external thread, and the external thread matches the internal thread; the screw section is configured to pass through the end cap and the filter layer.

9. A solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, characterized in that, It includes a container tank and multiple hydrogen storage units as described in claim 1; the multiple hydrogen storage units are stacked inside the container tank, and there are gaps between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units, thereby forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel.

10. A solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, characterized in that, It includes a container tank and multiple hydrogen storage units as described in claim 2; the multiple hydrogen storage units are stacked inside the container tank, and there are gaps between adjacent stacked hydrogen storage units, thereby forming a radial hydrogen diffusion channel.

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