A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction construction belongs to tunnel construction technology field, and its technical scheme main points include tunnel base layer, the inside of tunnel base layer is provided with waterproof roll material layer, and the tunnel base layer, lining support subassembly and concrete lining layer are set up through the present application, the outside welding elastic buffer block of arc support steel frame of lining support subassembly, and the inside of elastic buffer block and waterproof roll material layer is pasted, and the mode of traditional steel frame and roll material direct rigid contact is replaced, when tunnel surrounding rock subsides or vibrates, and elastic buffer block can absorb the slight displacement of arc support steel frame, avoid the edge of arc support steel frame to scratch waterproof roll material, simultaneously, and arc support steel frame is buried in concrete lining layer, and forms integral load bearing structure with concrete, and cooperate the fixing of anchor bolt to arc support steel frame, ensure the support stability, satisfy the long -term support demand of tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a waterproof tunnel lining support structure for construction. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, the waterproof lining support structure is a core component to ensure the long-term stable operation of the tunnel. It must not only withstand the pressure of the surrounding rock and prevent the tunnel from deforming and collapsing, but also block the seepage of groundwater to avoid water seepage eroding the internal structure and affecting the service life of the tunnel. At present, tunnel waterproof linings mostly adopt a combination of waterproof membrane and concrete lining, with steel supports to enhance the structural strength.

[0003] Waterproofing of the lining is mainly achieved through the secondary lining and the initial support, as well as the waterproof layer between the secondary lining and the initial support. The waterproof layer is generally made of waterproof membrane or waterproof board. When laying the waterproof board, the exposed ends of the anchor rods on the initial support should be removed first. Then, check whether there are any uneven parts or voids on the surface of the initial support. If so, the uneven parts and voids need to be leveled. Unevenness of the uneven parts can easily puncture the waterproof board when laying it, causing water leakage. In addition, if there are large voids and uneven parts in the concrete wall, the compression of the secondary lining and the deformation of the surrounding rock can also cause the waterproof board to stretch, especially at the joint, where it is prone to breakage.

[0004] An existing patent (publication number: CN218759948U) discloses a tunnel waterproof lining structure. In this utility model, after the initial support, there is no need to treat the tail end of the anchor rod and check the unevenness and voids of the initial support surface, which reduces the lining process and improves efficiency. The polyurethane foam layer is used as a buffer layer for the waterproof membrane, which provides a large deformable space for the waterproof membrane and makes it less likely to be damaged.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing patents offer solutions. However, existing support structures for tunnel waterproof linings generally suffer from problems such as rigid contact between the support structure and the waterproof membrane, leading to easy damage, and poor long-term waterproofing at anchor bolt penetration points. When the curved support steel frame is in direct rigid contact with the waterproof membrane, the edges of the support steel frame can easily scratch the waterproof membrane during tunnel rock subsidence or vibration, resulting in damage to the waterproof layer. When anchor bolts penetrate the waterproof membrane to fix the support steel frame, the penetration point is sealed only with sealant. However, long-term exposure to groundwater immersion and surrounding rock pressure can easily weaken the sealing performance, creating seepage channels. Furthermore, improper treatment of the joints between the double-layer waterproof membranes can also easily become seepage points, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of long-term waterproofing and support for tunnels.

[0006] Therefore, a tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction, which can solve the common problems of existing tunnel waterproof lining support structures, such as the rigid contact between the support structure and the waterproof membrane, which is prone to damage, and the poor long-term waterproof performance at the anchor bolt penetration points. The curved support steel frame is in direct rigid contact with the waterproof membrane. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel settles or vibrates, the edge of the support steel frame is easily scratched by the waterproof membrane, resulting in damage to the waterproof layer. When the anchor bolt penetrates the waterproof membrane to fix the support steel frame, the penetration point is sealed only by sealant. Under long-term immersion in groundwater and pressure from the surrounding rock, the sealing performance is easily weakened, forming a seepage channel. In addition, if the joint of the double-layer waterproof membrane is not properly treated, it can also become a potential seepage point, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of long-term waterproofing and support of the tunnel.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction, comprising a tunnel base layer, a waterproof membrane layer provided on the inner side of the tunnel base layer, a lining support component provided on the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer, and a concrete lining layer poured on the inner side of the lining support component.

[0009] The lining support assembly includes an arc-shaped support steel frame, which is evenly spaced along the length of the tunnel base layer. The outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame is in contact with the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer. The arc-shaped support steel frame is embedded inside the concrete lining layer. Several anchor bolts are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame. The top of the anchor bolts penetrates the waterproof membrane layer and is fixedly connected to the tunnel base layer. A waterproof sealing ring is fitted on the outer side of the anchor bolts. The outer side of the waterproof sealing ring is in close contact with the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer. Several elastic buffer blocks are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame. The outer side of the elastic buffer blocks is in contact with the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer.

[0010] Preferably, the waterproof membrane layer includes a self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane, which is uniformly bonded along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel base layer.

[0011] Preferably, a polymer self-adhesive membrane waterproofing membrane is bonded to the inner side of the self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membrane, and a first waterproof tape is attached to the joint of the self-adhesive polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membrane, the width of the first waterproof tape being 10-15cm.

[0012] Preferably, a second waterproof tape is attached to the seam of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane, and the width of the second waterproof tape is 15-20cm.

[0013] Preferably, the waterproof sealing ring is made of EPDM rubber, and the elastic buffer block is made of polyurethane foam.

[0014] Preferably, a number of reinforcing ribs are welded between two adjacent arc-shaped support steel frames, and the reinforcing ribs are made of steel.

[0015] Preferably, a steel mesh is welded between two adjacent reinforcing ribs, and the steel mesh is embedded inside the concrete lining layer.

[0016] Preferably, the inner side of the concrete lining layer is sprayed with a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, and the coating thickness of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is 1.5-2mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This application sets up a tunnel base layer, lining support components, and a concrete lining layer. Elastic buffer blocks are welded to the outside of the arc-shaped support steel frame of the lining support components. The elastic buffer blocks are attached to the inside of the waterproof membrane layer, replacing the traditional method of direct rigid contact between the steel frame and the membrane. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel settles or vibrates, the elastic buffer blocks can absorb the small displacement of the arc-shaped support steel frame and prevent the edge of the arc-shaped support steel frame from scratching the waterproof membrane. At the same time, the arc-shaped support steel frame is embedded in the concrete lining layer, forming an integral load-bearing structure with the concrete. With the anchor bolts used to fix the arc-shaped support steel frame, the support stability is ensured and the long-term support requirements of the tunnel are met.

[0019] 2. This application utilizes a waterproof membrane layer, anchor bolts, and a waterproof sealing ring. The waterproof sealing ring, fitted onto the outside of the anchor bolt, makes tight contact with the inside of the waterproof membrane layer. The elasticity of the waterproof sealing ring fills the gap between the anchor bolt and the waterproof membrane layer, replacing traditional sealant which is prone to failure. This ensures that the sealing performance is maintained even under long-term immersion in groundwater and compression from surrounding rock, preventing water seepage. The waterproof membrane layer completely covers the inside of the tunnel base layer. Combined with the protection of the arc-shaped support steel frame and elastic buffer blocks, it further blocks the seepage path and avoids the risk of water seepage caused by improper treatment of the joints of the waterproof membrane layer, thus achieving a long-term waterproof effect for the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the tunnel waterproof lining support structure used in the construction of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the lining support assembly of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the waterproof membrane layer of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the concrete lining layer of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the arc-shaped support steel frame of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Tunnel base layer; 2. Waterproof membrane layer; 201. Self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane; 202. Polymer self-adhesive film waterproof membrane; 203. First waterproof tape; 204. Second waterproof tape; 3. Lining support assembly; 301. Arc-shaped support steel frame; 302. Anchor bolt; 303. Waterproof sealing ring; 304. Elastic buffer block; 4. Concrete lining layer; 5. Reinforcing rib; 6. Steel mesh; 7. Cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0028] A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction includes a tunnel base layer 1, a waterproof membrane layer 2 provided on the inner side of the tunnel base layer 1, a lining support component 3 provided on the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2, and a concrete lining layer 4 poured on the inner side of the lining support component 3.

[0029] The lining support assembly 3 includes an arc-shaped support steel frame 301, which is evenly spaced along the length of the tunnel base layer 1. The outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 is attached to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2. The arc-shaped support steel frame 301 is embedded in the interior of the concrete lining layer 4. Several anchor bolts 302 are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301. The top of the anchor bolts 302 penetrates the waterproof membrane layer 2 and is fixedly connected to the tunnel base layer 1. A waterproof sealing ring 303 is sleeved on the outer side of the anchor bolts 302. The outer side of the waterproof sealing ring 303 is in close contact with the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2. Several elastic buffer blocks 304 are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301. The outer side of the elastic buffer blocks 304 is attached to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2.

[0030] In this embodiment: by setting up a tunnel base layer 1, a waterproof membrane layer 2, a lining support assembly 3, and a concrete lining layer 4, the tunnel base layer 1 serves as a stable installation benchmark as the foundation bearing structure. During construction, the waterproof membrane layer 2 is first bonded to the inner side of the tunnel base layer 1 to form an initial waterproof barrier, and then the lining support assembly 3 is installed. The arc-shaped support steel frame 301 is evenly distributed along the tunnel length direction, and the elastic buffer block 304 welded on the outside is tightly bonded to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2. It can absorb the small displacement of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 through its own deformation when the surrounding rock of the tunnel settles or vibrates, avoiding its rigid compression and scratching of the waterproof membrane layer 2. At the same time, the anchor bolts 302 on the outside of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 penetrate the waterproof membrane layer 2. After being fixed to the tunnel base 1, the waterproof sealing ring 303 on the outside of the anchor bolt 302 fills the gap with its elasticity, replacing the traditional sealant which is prone to failure. Even under long-term immersion in groundwater and pressure from the surrounding rock, it can still block the seepage channel. Finally, a concrete lining layer 4 is poured inside the lining support component 3, and the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 is embedded in the concrete to form an integral load-bearing structure. Together with the anchor bolt 302, it enhances the support strength and stability, and can effectively resist the pressure from the surrounding rock. In the overall structure, the waterproof membrane layer 2 and the waterproof sealing ring 303 achieve multiple waterproofing, and the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 and the concrete ensure long-term support, meeting the dual needs of tunnel waterproofing and support, and avoiding the problems of waterproof layer damage and seepage that are prone to occur in traditional structures.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the waterproof membrane layer 2 includes a self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201, which is uniformly bonded along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel base layer 1.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 202 is bonded to the inner side of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201, and a first waterproof tape 203 is attached to the joint of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201. The width of the first waterproof tape 203 is 10-15cm.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a second waterproof tape 204 is attached to the seam of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane 202, and the width of the second waterproof tape 204 is 15-20cm.

[0034] In this embodiment: by setting up a waterproof membrane layer 2, the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201 is first uniformly bonded along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel base layer 1. Its self-adhesive properties can tightly adhere to the tunnel base layer 1, forming the first waterproof barrier. Then, a polymer self-adhesive membrane waterproof membrane 202 is bonded to its inner side. The double membrane layer increases the waterproof redundancy and avoids the risk of water seepage caused by the damage of a single membrane. At the same time, a first waterproof tape 203 is attached to the joint of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201, and a second waterproof tape 204 is attached to the joint of the polymer self-adhesive membrane waterproof membrane 202. The wide and narrow tapes are respectively used to seal the joint gaps of different membranes, completely blocking the path of groundwater seeping in from the membrane overlap. Combined with the overall membrane structure, a complete waterproof system is formed.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the waterproof sealing ring 303 is made of EPDM rubber, and the elastic buffer block 304 is made of polyurethane foam.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, several reinforcing ribs 5 are welded between two adjacent arc-shaped support steel frames 301. The reinforcing ribs 5 are made of steel.

[0037] In this embodiment: the waterproof sealing ring 303 is made of EPDM rubber, which has excellent elasticity and aging resistance. It can tightly fill the gap between the anchor bolt 302 and the waterproof membrane layer 2. Even if it is soaked in groundwater and subjected to surrounding rock pressure for a long time, it can still maintain the sealing performance and prevent the formation of a seepage channel at the point where the anchor bolt 302 penetrates. The elastic buffer block 304 is made of polyurethane foam, which has good deformation absorption capacity. When it is attached to the waterproof membrane layer 2, it can transform the rigid contact of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 into a flexible contact. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel settles or vibrates, it absorbs the small displacement of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 through its own deformation, preventing the edge of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 from scratching the membrane. At the same time, the reinforcing ribs 5 welded between adjacent arc-shaped support steel frames 301 can connect the dispersed arc-shaped support steel frames 301 into a whole, improve the longitudinal displacement resistance of the support structure, and prevent the tilting of a single arc-shaped support steel frame 301 due to uneven pressure from the surrounding rock. Combined with the circumferential bearing capacity of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301, a coordinated support system is formed to further ensure the stability of the tunnel support.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a steel mesh 6 is welded between two adjacent reinforcing bars 5, and the steel mesh 6 is embedded inside the concrete lining layer 4.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inner side of the concrete lining layer 4 is sprayed with cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 7, and the coating thickness of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 7 is 1.5-2mm.

[0040] In this embodiment: by setting up a steel mesh 6 and a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 7, the steel mesh 6 is welded between adjacent reinforcing bars 5 and embedded inside the concrete lining layer 4, which can enhance the crack resistance of the concrete. When pouring concrete, the steel mesh 6 is tightly bonded to the concrete, which can disperse the local force of the surrounding rock pressure on the concrete lining layer 4, prevent the concrete lining layer 4 from cracking due to stress concentration, and avoid the cracks becoming water seepage channels. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 7 sprayed on the inner side of the concrete lining layer 4 has active ingredients that can penetrate into the tiny pores inside the concrete and react with cement hydration products to form crystals. It can not only repair the tiny cracks in the concrete lining layer 4 on its own, but also form an additional waterproof barrier on the inner side of the concrete lining layer 4, providing double protection for the waterproofing and structural integrity of the concrete lining layer 4 and extending the service life of the tunnel.

[0041] Working Principle: During tunnel construction and long-term use of the tunnel waterproof lining support structure, the tunnel base layer 1 serves as the foundation bearing unit, providing a flat and stable installation reference for the waterproof membrane layer 2. During construction, the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201 is evenly bonded along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel base layer 1, utilizing its self-adhesive properties to form the first waterproof barrier. Then, a polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane 202 is bonded to its inner side. The superposition of the two enhances the waterproof quality. Simultaneously, the joints of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane 201 are sealed with a first waterproof tape 203, and the joints of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane 202 are sealed with a second waterproof tape 204, blocking the seepage path at the membrane overlap. A comprehensive initial waterproofing system is formed, followed by the installation of the lining support assembly 3. The arc-shaped support steel frame 301 is evenly distributed along the tunnel length. The polyurethane foam elastic buffer blocks 304 welded to its outer side are tightly bonded to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer 2, transforming rigid contact into flexible contact. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel settles or vibrates, the elastic buffer blocks 304 absorb the minute displacements of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 through their own deformation, preventing scratches on the membrane and protecting the integrity of the waterproof layer. Simultaneously, the anchor bolts 302 on the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 penetrate the waterproof membrane layer 2 and are fixed to the tunnel base layer 1. The waterproof sealing rings 303 fitted on the outer side of the anchor bolts 302, with their elasticity and aging resistance, tightly fill the gaps, preventing damage even after long-term immersion in groundwater and surrounding rock. Rock pressure can still block the seepage channel at the point where the anchor bolt 302 penetrates. The reinforcing ribs 5 welded between adjacent arc-shaped support steel frames 301 connect the dispersed arc-shaped support steel frames 301 into a whole, forming a synergistic support system in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions. This enhances the longitudinal resistance to displacement and prevents individual arc-shaped support steel frames 301 from tilting due to uneven pressure from the surrounding rock. The steel mesh 6 welded between the reinforcing ribs 5 will be embedded in the subsequently poured concrete lining layer 4, tightly bonding with the concrete. This disperses the localized force of the surrounding rock pressure on the concrete lining layer 4, enhances the concrete's crack resistance, and prevents cracks from becoming seepage channels. Finally, the concrete lining layer 4 is poured inside the lining support component 3, completely embedding the arc-shaped support steel frame 301 within it, and bonding with the concrete... The soil forms an integral load-bearing structure, which, together with the anchor bolts 302, greatly enhances the support strength and stability, effectively resisting the pressure of the surrounding rock. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 7 sprayed on the inner side of the concrete lining layer 4 has active ingredients that penetrate into the internal pores of the concrete lining layer 4 and react with the hydration products to form crystals. It can not only repair micro cracks on its own, but also form an additional waterproof barrier. The entire structure forms a multi-layer waterproof system through the waterproof membrane layer 2, the waterproof sealing ring 303, and other structures. It forms a collaborative support system with the concrete lining layer 4 through the arc-shaped support steel frame 301, the reinforcing ribs 5, the steel mesh 6, etc. During the long-term use of the tunnel, it can continuously achieve the dual functions of waterproofing and support, and avoid the problems of waterproof layer damage and water seepage in traditional structures.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction, comprising a tunnel base layer (1), characterized in that: The inner side of the tunnel base layer (1) is provided with a waterproof membrane layer (2), the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer (2) is provided with a lining support component (3), and the inner side of the lining support component (3) is provided with a concrete lining layer (4). The lining support assembly (3) includes an arc-shaped support steel frame (301), which is evenly spaced along the length of the tunnel base layer (1). The outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame (301) is attached to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer (2). The arc-shaped support steel frame (301) is embedded in the interior of the concrete lining layer (4). Several anchor bolts (302) are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame (301). The top of the anchor bolts (302) penetrates the waterproof membrane layer (2) and is fixedly connected to the tunnel base layer (1). A waterproof sealing ring (303) is sleeved on the outer side of the anchor bolts (302). The outer side of the waterproof sealing ring (303) is in close contact with the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer (2). Several elastic buffer blocks (304) are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped support steel frame (301). The outer side of the elastic buffer blocks (304) is attached to the inner side of the waterproof membrane layer (2).

2. The tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof membrane layer (2) includes a self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane (201), which is uniformly bonded along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel base layer (1).

3. The tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane (201) is bonded with a polymer self-adhesive film waterproof membrane (202), and a first waterproof tape (203) is attached to the joint of the self-adhesive polymer-modified bitumen waterproof membrane (201). The width of the first waterproof tape (203) is 10-15cm.

4. The tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The joints of the polymer self-adhesive waterproof membrane (202) are covered with a second waterproof tape (204), the width of which is 15-20cm.

5. A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof sealing ring (303) is made of EPDM rubber, and the elastic buffer block (304) is made of polyurethane foam.

6. The tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several reinforcing ribs (5) are welded between two adjacent arc-shaped support steel frames (301), and the reinforcing ribs (5) are made of steel.

7. A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A steel mesh (6) is welded between two adjacent reinforcing bars (5), and the steel mesh (6) is embedded inside the concrete lining layer (4).

8. A tunnel waterproof lining support structure for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the concrete lining layer (4) is sprayed with a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating (7), and the coating thickness of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating (7) is 1.5-2mm.

Images