A photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module can include: a plurality of cell strings and a bus bar arranged at the end of the cell string, a plurality of front surface connectors arranged on the front surface of the edge cell piece at the end of the cell string, a plurality of back surface connectors arranged on the back surface of the edge cell piece, a plurality of first opening structures arranged at intervals in the edge extension direction of the edge cell piece, the first opening structures penetrating the front surface and the back surface of the edge cell piece, the plurality of first opening structures corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of front surface connectors and back surface connectors, and the edge being away from the adjacent cell piece connected in series. The bus bar covers at least part of the area of each first opening structure. One of the front surface connector and the back surface connector extends to the corresponding first opening structure and is electrically connected to the bus bar. The other of the front surface connector and the back surface connector is electrically isolated from the bus bar, and the front surface connector and the back surface connector are electrically isolated from each other. This structure can reduce the risk of hidden cracking or cracking of the edge cell piece of the cell string.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) modules, adjacent cell strings are typically connected in series or parallel via busbars to collect and extract the electrical energy generated by the cell strings. When the busbar is located on the front of the cell, it occupies an area of ​​the PV module. To ensure its current-carrying capacity, the busbar has a certain cross-sectional area, which is determined by its width and thickness. A smaller thickness and a larger width increase the area occupied, reducing the power generation per unit area of ​​the PV module. Conversely, a smaller width and a larger thickness create a significant height difference when welding with the solder strip. Bending the solder strip can compress the cell, causing it to crack or develop microcracks. When the busbar is located on the back of the cell, the solder strip connecting to the front electrode of the cell needs to be bent from the edge of the cell to the back of the cell before being electrically connected to the busbar. An insulating layer needs to be placed between the busbar and the back of the cell. This bent solder strip and insulating layer increase the thickness of the cell edge, subjecting the edge of the cell to greater pressure during lamination. Furthermore, the bent solder strip also exerts significant pressure on the cell edge, easily causing microcracks or cracks at the edge of the cell string. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module that can reduce the area occupied by the busbar, increase the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module, and reduce the risk of microcracks in the cells.

[0004] Specifically, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising multiple cell strings and a busbar disposed at the ends of the cell strings. Multiple front-side connectors are arranged on the front of the edge cells at the ends of the cell strings, and multiple back-side connectors are arranged on the back of the edge cells. The front-side and back-side connectors have opposite polarities and correspond to each other.

[0006] Multiple first opening structures are spaced apart along the edge extension direction of the edge battery cell. Each first opening structure penetrates the front and back of the edge battery cell. The multiple first opening structures correspond one-to-one with multiple front connectors and back connectors. The edges are far away from the adjacent battery cells they are connected to, and the edge extension direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the front connector and the extension direction of the back connector.

[0007] The busbar covers at least a portion of the area of ​​each first opening structure;

[0008] One of the front connector and the back connector extends to its corresponding first opening structure and is electrically connected to the busbar.

[0009] The other of the front connector and the back connector is electrically isolated from the busbar, and the front connector and the back connector are electrically isolated from each other.

[0010] The first aspect of the above-mentioned utility model has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0011] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment of the utility model has a first opening structure corresponding to the front connector and the back connector of the edge cell of the cell string. The busbar covers at least a part of the first opening structure, so that one of the front connector and the back connector can be electrically connected to the busbar through the first opening structure. Regardless of whether the busbar is set on the front or back of the cell, it can reduce the area occupied by the busbar in the photovoltaic module, reduce the risk of microcracks or cracks in the edge cells of the cell string, and increase the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back structures of the battery string according to the first structure provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back structures of the battery string with the second structure provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back structures of the battery string with the third structure provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 These are schematic diagrams of the front and back structures of the battery string with the fourth structure provided in this utility model embodiment;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the battery string of the first structure and the first busbar of the first structure and the second busbar of the second structure according to the embodiments of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the battery string of the first structure and the first busbar and the second busbar of the first structure according to the embodiments of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the battery string of the second structure and the first busbar of the second structure, and the second busbar of the second structure, according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the battery string of the fourth structure and the first busbar of the second structure and the second busbar of the second structure according to the embodiments of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the battery string of the fourth structure provided in the embodiments of this utility model and the first busbar and the second busbar of the first structure;

[0021] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the busbar structure according to the first structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the busbar structure according to the second structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two first-type busbars with an integrated structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the busbar structure of the third type provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating layer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the first busbar of the first structure provided according to the embodiments of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery string of the fourth structure provided in the present utility model, connected to the first busbar and the second busbar of the first structure.

[0028] Figure 17 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module with a first structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 18 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module with a second structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 19 This is a partial structural diagram of the first existing photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0031] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the cell string and the existing first and second busbars connected to it in the first type of photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 21This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the cell string and its connected existing first and second busbars in a second type of photovoltaic module in the prior art.

[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0034] 10-Battery string; 110-Edge battery piece; 11-First edge battery piece; 12-Second edge battery piece; 1110-Front connector; 111-First front connector; 1120-Rear connector; 112-First rear connector; 1130-Edge; 113-First edge; 114-First opening structure; 121-Second front connector; 122-Second rear connector; 123-Second edge; 124-Second groove; 20-Busband; 21 - First busbar; 2110 - Busbar section; 211 - First busbar section; 2120 - Overlap section; 212 - First overlap section; 22 - Second busbar; 221 - Second busbar section; 222 - Second overlap section; 31 - Insulating layer; 311 - Second opening structure; 10' - Existing battery string; 11' - Existing first edge battery cell; 12' - Existing second edge battery cell; 21' - Existing first busbar; 22' - Existing second busbar; 31' - Existing insulating layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In existing technologies, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, it typically involves setting an existing first busbar 21' at the first end of the extension direction of the existing battery string 10', and setting an existing second busbar 22' at the second end of the extension direction of the existing battery string 10'. To ensure sufficient charge carriers, the first busbar 21' and the second busbar 22' need to have a certain cross-sectional area, which is determined by the width and thickness. A smaller thickness results in a larger width, which occupies a larger area and reduces the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module; conversely, a smaller width results in a larger thickness, which increases the height difference with the solder strip, leading to solder strip bending during welding and causing the battery cells to break or develop microcracks. Currently, to increase the effective area of ​​photovoltaic modules, such as... Figure 21As shown, the existing first busbar 21' and the existing second busbar 22' will also be disposed on the back of the existing battery string 10', that is, the existing first busbar 21' will be disposed on the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11' at the first end of the existing battery string 10', and the existing second busbar 22' will be disposed on the back of the existing second edge battery cell 12' at the second end of the existing battery string 10'. In this configuration, at the first end of the existing battery string 10', the first front connector 111 of the existing first edge battery cell 11' is folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11'. The first front connector 111 folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11' is connected to the existing first busbar 21'. An existing insulating layer 31' is provided between the existing first busbar 21' and the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11'. This existing insulating layer 31' is disposed between the first front connector 111 folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11' and the first back connector 112 folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11', serving to isolate the first front connector 111 folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11' and the first back connector 112 folded to the back of the existing first edge battery cell 11'. For example... Figure 21 The partial cross-sectional structure of the first end shown represents the layered structure in the thickness direction of the edge region of the existing first edge battery cell 11': a first front connector 111, the existing first edge battery cell 11', a first back connector 112, an existing insulating layer 31', the first front connector 111, and an existing first busbar 21'. Additionally, at the second end of the existing battery string 10', the second back connector 122 of the existing second edge battery cell 12' is connected to the existing second busbar 22' disposed on the back of the existing second edge battery cell 12', as shown... Figure 21 The partial cross-sectional structure of the second end shown represents the layered structure of the edge region of the existing second edge cell 12' in the thickness direction: a second front connector 121, the existing second edge cell 12', a second back connector 122, and the existing second busbar 22'. At the first end of the existing cell string 10', on the one hand, the first front connector 111, which is folded to the back of the existing first edge cell 11', exerts pressure on the edge of the existing first edge cell 11', increasing the risk of microcracks or cracks in the existing first edge cell 11'; on the other hand, the first front connector 111, which is folded to the back of the existing first edge cell 11', increases the thickness of the edge of the existing first edge cell 11', which increases the pressure on the edge of the existing first edge cell 11' during the lamination process, further increasing the risk of microcracks or cracks in the existing first edge cell 11', resulting in a lower yield of photovoltaic modules.

[0036] To address the aforementioned problems with existing photovoltaic modules, this utility model provides a novel photovoltaic module structure. This novel photovoltaic module not only increases the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module but also reduces the risk of microcracks or cell cracks at the edge of the cells, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] It is worth noting that the back side of the structure involved in this embodiment of the present invention (such as the battery string 10, the first edge battery cell 11, or the second edge battery cell 12) generally refers to the surface of the structure facing away from sunlight during the use of the photovoltaic module. The front side of the structure involved in this embodiment of the present invention (such as the battery string 10, the first edge battery cell 11, or the second edge battery cell 12) generally refers to the surface of the structure facing sunlight during the use of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] Specifically, this utility model embodiment provides a photovoltaic module with a novel structure. Figures 1 to 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of the battery string in a photovoltaic module with a novel structure provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Figures 5 to 9 This diagram illustrates the relative positional relationship between battery strings of different structures and first and second busbars of different structures in a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 10 to 13 This invention provides schematic diagrams of different structures of the busbars according to embodiments of the present invention. Figure 14 This diagram illustrates the structure of the insulating layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 This diagram shows a cross-sectional structure of a busbar provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the battery string, the first busbar, and the second busbar provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 and Figure 18 This diagram illustrates a partial structural schematic of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 9 In the image, the battery string on the left and the battery string on the right are different sides of the same battery string. The battery string on the left is the back side of the battery string, and the battery string on the right is the front side of the battery string.

[0040] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the photovoltaic module may include multiple cell strings 10 and a busbar 20 disposed at the end of the cell strings 10. Wherein, as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the edge battery sheet 110 at the end of the battery string 10 has multiple front connectors 1110 arranged on its front side and multiple back connectors 1120 arranged on its back side. The front connectors 1110 and back connectors 1120 have opposite polarities and correspond to each other. Multiple first opening structures 114 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the edge 1130 of the edge battery sheet 110. Each first opening structure 114 penetrates the front and back sides of the edge battery sheet 110. The multiple first opening structures 114 correspond one-to-one with the multiple front connectors 1110 and back connectors 1120. Edge 1130 is located away from the adjacent cell to which it is connected, and the extension direction of edge 1130 is perpendicular to the extension direction of front connector 1110 and back connector 1120; busbar 20 covers at least a portion of each first opening structure 114; one of the front connector 1110 and back connector 1120 extends to its corresponding first opening structure 114 and is electrically connected to busbar 20; the other of the front connector 1110 and back connector 1120 is electrically isolated from the busbar 20, and the front connector 1110 and back connector 1120 are electrically isolated from each other. Specifically, one of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 extends to its corresponding first opening structure 114 and is electrically connected to the busbar 20, while the other of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 is electrically isolated from the busbar 20. This means that, for the same edge cell 110, all the front connectors 1110 on the edge cell 110 extend to their corresponding first opening structure 114 and are electrically connected to the busbar 20, and correspondingly, all the back connectors 1120 on the edge cell 110 are electrically isolated from the busbar 20; or, all the back connectors 1120 on the edge cell 110 extend to their corresponding first opening structure 114 and are electrically connected to the busbar 20, and correspondingly, all the front connectors 1110 on the edge cell 110 are electrically isolated from the busbar 20.

[0041] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment of the present invention has a first opening structure 114 corresponding to the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 of the edge cell 110 of the cell string 10, and the busbar 20 covers at least a portion of the first opening structure 114, so that one of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 can be electrically connected to the busbar 20 through the first opening structure 114. This reduces the area occupied by the busbar 20 in the photovoltaic module, while reducing the risk of microcracks or cracks in the edge cell 110 of the cell string 10, and increasing the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0042] For ease of description, such as Figures 1 to 9 as well as Figure 16As shown, the battery string 10 has a first end and a second end at opposite ends in the extension direction, and includes a first edge battery piece 11 at the first end and a second edge battery piece 12 at the second end (both the first edge battery piece 11 and the second edge battery piece 12 are the aforementioned edge battery piece 110). The front connector 1110 provided on the first edge battery piece 11 is the first front connector 111, and the back connector 1120 is the first back connector 112. The front connector 1110 provided on the second edge battery piece 12 is the second front connector 121, and the back connector 1120 is the second back connector 122. The edge 1130 of the first edge battery piece 11 away from its adjacent battery string is the first edge 113, and the edge 1130 of the second edge battery piece 12 away from its adjacent battery string is the second edge 123. The busbar 20 located at the first end of the battery string 10 is designated as the first busbar 21, and the busbar 20 located at the second end of the battery string 10 is designated as the second busbar 22. It should be understood that the structures of the first busbar 21 and the second busbar 22 may be the same or different. The polarity of the connector connecting the first busbar 21 to the first edge battery cell 11 is opposite to the polarity of the connector connecting the second busbar 22 to the second edge battery cell 12. For example, the first busbar 21 is electrically connected to the first front connector 111 of the first edge battery cell 11, and the second busbar 22 is electrically connected to the second back connector 122 of the second edge battery cell 12.

[0043] As an example, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the photovoltaic module has two battery strings 10 arranged longitudinally along the extension direction of the battery string 10, and six battery strings 10 arranged laterally in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the battery string 10. The six battery strings 10 are arranged in such a way that the first and second ends of two adjacent battery strings 10 are aligned. The two battery strings 10 are arranged in such a way that the first ends or the second ends of the two battery strings 10 are opposite each other. Multiple battery strings 10 are connected in series or in parallel through the busbar 20 to form a battery array.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the relative positional relationship between the other of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 and the first opening structure 114 can be twofold. The first relative positional relationship: the end of the other of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 does not extend to its corresponding first opening structure 114. Preferably, the distance from the end of the other of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 to its corresponding first opening structure 114 is 1mm to 2mm. The second relative positional relationship: the end of the other of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 is a fishtail structure with two branches, the two branches located on both sides of its corresponding first opening structure 114.

[0045] The following is a detailed description of the first edge battery cell 11 at the first end of a single battery string 10, where multiple first front connectors 111 are electrically connected to the first busbar 21 through a first opening structure 114, and multiple first back connectors 112 of the first edge battery cell 11 are electrically isolated from the first busbar 21. Figures 1 to 9 An exemplary diagram is provided showing the structure of a single cell string 10 in a photovoltaic module and the relative positional relationship between the single cell string 10 and its connected first busbar 21 and second busbar 22.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the single battery string 10 extends along the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 (e.g., 1 to 1). Figure 9 The first edge 113 shown has a plurality of first opening structures 114 spaced apart along its extension direction L. Each first opening structure 114 penetrates the front and back sides of the first edge battery cell 11. The plurality of first opening structures 114 correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first front connectors 111 and first back connectors 112. The first edge 113 is away from the adjacent battery cells it is connected to, and the first edge 113 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first front connector 111 and the extension direction of the first back connector 112.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first front connector 111 extends to its corresponding first opening structure 114.

[0048] In addition, such as Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the first busbar 21 covers at least a portion of the area of ​​each first opening structure 114 and is electrically connected to a plurality of first front connectors 111 through the first opening structure 114.

[0049] Each of the first rear connectors 112 is electrically isolated from the first front connector 111 and the first busbar 21.

[0050] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment of the present invention has a first opening structure 114 corresponding to the first front connector 111 of the first edge cell 11 of the first edge cell 11 of the cell string 10, and a first busbar 21 covers at least a portion of the first opening structure 114, so that the first front connector 111 can be electrically connected to the first busbar 21 through the first opening structure 114. This can improve the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module and reduce cell breakage or microcracks.

[0051] The first front connector 111 can be a solder strip or conductive wire disposed on the front side of the first edge cell 11 and connected to the fine grid or the main grid. The first back connector 112 can be a solder strip or conductive wire disposed on the back side of the first edge cell 11 and connected to the fine grid or the main grid.

[0052] Furthermore, the relationship between the plurality of first back-side connectors 112 of the first edge battery cell 11 and the plurality of first opening structures 114 spaced apart from the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 can be as follows: Figures 1 to 6 As shown, multiple first back-side connectors 112 correspond one-to-one with multiple first opening structures 114, and as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the end of the first back connector 112 does not extend to its corresponding first opening structure 114. This structural arrangement prevents the first back connector 112 from contacting the first busbar 21 and also prevents it from contacting the first front connector 111, effectively improving the reliability of the connection between the first edge battery cell 11 and the first busbar 21 and avoiding the risk of a short circuit in the first edge battery cell 11. Preferably, as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the distance d1 from the end of the first back-side connector 112 to the first opening structure 114 is set to 1mm~2mm. For example, the distance d1 from the end of the first back-side connector 112 to the first opening structure 114 can be 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, or 2mm, etc. By setting the distance from the end of the first back-side connector 112 to the first opening structure 114, it is possible to ensure that the first back-side connector 112 collects current as much as possible while avoiding contact between the first back-side connector 112 and the first front-side connector 111, thus avoiding the risk of a short circuit in the first edge battery cell 11.

[0053] In addition, the end of the first back connector 112 can also be a fishtail structure with two branches, the two branches being located on both sides of the corresponding first opening structure 114 (not shown in the figure). This structure can also prevent the first back connector 112 from contacting the first front connector 111, thus avoiding the risk of short circuit of the first edge battery cell 11.

[0054] Furthermore, the first opening structure 114 can have two structures.

[0055] The first type of structure of the first opening structure 114: such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first opening structure 114 is a first groove with at least a partial opening at its edge. Preferably, as... Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the width h1 of the first groove is 2mm to 5mm. For example, the width h1 of the first groove can be 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, or 5mm, etc. By controlling the width h1 of the first groove, a stable and reliable contact can be ensured between the first busbar 21 and the first front connector 111. The width of the first groove refers to the distance between the edges of the first groove perpendicular to the through-path direction. For the first groove, it can be as follows... Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first groove can be an arc-shaped structure, or it can be like... Figure 3 As shown, the first groove is a rectangular structure. In addition, the first groove can also be other shapes, and the shape of the first groove is not limited here.

[0056] The second structure of the first opening structure 114: as follows Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the first opening structure 114 is a through hole with a width s of 2mm to 5mm. For example, the through hole width s can be 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, or 5mm, etc. By setting this through hole width s, a stable and reliable contact can be ensured between the first busbar 21 and the first front connector 111. The width of the through hole refers to the distance between the edges of the through hole perpendicular to the through-hole direction. As an example, for a circular through hole, the through hole width is the diameter.

[0057] In summary, based on the first opening structure 114, the battery string 10 can have various structures, for example, such as Figures 1 to 4 ,in, Figure 1 In the first structure of the battery string 10, the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end of the battery string 10 is provided with a first opening structure 114. The first opening structure 114 is a first groove and the open edge is arc-shaped. The second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 is not provided with the first opening structure 114. Figure 2 In the second structure of the battery string 10, the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end of the battery string 10 is provided with a first opening structure 114, which is a through hole, and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 is not provided with the first opening structure 114. Figure 3 The third structure of the battery string 10 is that the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end of the battery string 10 is provided with a first opening structure 114. The first opening structure 114 is a first groove and the open edge is rectangular. The second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 is not provided with the first opening structure 114. Figure 4 The fourth structure of the battery string 10 is provided with a first opening structure 114 on the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end. The first opening structure 114 is a first groove and the edge of the opening is arc-shaped. It is understood that the battery string 10 can also have other shapes. For example, the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 are both provided with a first opening structure 114, and the first opening structure 114 is a through hole; or the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 are both provided with a first opening structure, and the first opening structure 114 is a first groove with a rectangular open edge; or the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end of the battery string 10 is not provided with a first opening structure 114, but the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end is provided with a first opening structure 114, which is a through hole, or the first opening structure 114 is a first groove with an arc-shaped or rectangular open edge. In addition, the structure of the first end and the second end of the battery string 10 can also be a modified structure based on the above four structures.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 As shown, the busbar 20 can be disposed in the non-battery cell area. The busbar 20 may include a busbar portion 2110 extending along the edge 1130 of the edge battery cell 110 and a plurality of overlapping portions 2120 disposed on the side of the busbar portion 2110 facing the edge battery cell 110 and spaced apart in the extending direction of the busbar portion 2110; the plurality of overlapping portions 2120 correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first opening structures 114. Each overlapping portion 2120 is embedded in its corresponding first opening structure 114 and is electrically connected to one of the front connector 1110 and the back connector 1120 extending to the first opening structure 114, and the overlapping portion 2120 is electrically isolated from the sidewall of the first opening structure 114. Preferably, the distance from the overlapping portion 2120 to the sidewall of the first opening structure 114 is 0.4mm to 1mm.

[0059] The thickness of the busbar 2110 is greater than the thickness of the overlapping portion 2120. Preferably, the thickness of the overlapping portion 2120 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm; more preferably, the thickness of the busbar 2110 is 0.8mm to 2.4mm; and even more preferably, the width of the busbar 2110 is 1mm to 3mm. The overlapping portion 2120 is used for electrical connection between the front connector 1110 or the back connector 1120 of the edge battery cell 110. The smaller thickness of the overlapping portion 2120 can reduce the height difference between the connector and the overlapping portion 2120, avoiding the deformation and bending of the connector, thereby preventing the battery cell from breaking or cracking. The busbar 2110 is used to collect the current from multiple overlapping portions 2120. Since the busbar 2110 is not directly connected to the connector, the thickness of the busbar 2110 can be appropriately increased and the width reduced. By reducing the area occupied by the current collector 2110, the area occupied by the entire current collector 20 in the photovoltaic module is reduced, which can increase the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module. In summary, the current collector 2110 avoids microcracks in the cells by setting a thinner overlapping part 2120 to connect with the edge cells 110, and sets a thicker current collector 2110 to collect current and reduce the width of the current collector 2110. Thus, the risk of cell breakage or microcracks can be reduced while increasing the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0060] It is important to understand that "busbar 20 is located in the non-cell area" means that busbar 20 is located in an area outside the space occupied by the cells, and busbar 20 is visible from the front of the photovoltaic module. For ease of description, the busbar 21 includes a busbar portion 2110 which is the first busbar portion 211, and the overlap portion 2120 which is the first overlap portion 212. Similarly, the busbar 22 includes a busbar portion 2110 which is the second busbar portion 221, and the overlap portion 2120 which is the second overlap portion 222. The following description uses the first busbar 21 as an example.

[0061] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the structure of the first busbar 21 may include: a first busbar portion 211 and a plurality of first overlapping portions 212 disposed on the side of the first busbar portion 211 facing the first edge battery cell 11 and spaced apart in the extending direction of the first busbar portion 211; the plurality of first overlapping portions 212 correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first grooves or a plurality of through holes, each first overlapping portion 212 is embedded in its corresponding first groove or through hole and is electrically connected to a first front connecting member 111 extending to the first groove or through hole, and the first overlapping portion 212 is electrically isolated from the sidewall of the first groove or through hole. Figure 15The cross-sectional structure of the first busbar 21 shown is applied to the first opening structure 114 having a first groove or through hole. Figure 15 The first overlapping part 212 is embedded in its corresponding first groove or through hole.

[0062] Furthermore, for the structure of the first busbar 21 including the first busbar 211 and a plurality of first overlapping portions 212 spaced apart in the extending direction of the first busbar 211, it can be as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the side of the first overlapping part 212 has an arc-shaped structure, or it can be like... Figure 13 As shown, the side of the first overlapping portion 212 has a rectangular structure. In addition, the first overlapping portion 212 can also be other shapes. Generally speaking, the shape of the side of the first overlapping portion 212 matches the shape of the side of the first groove.

[0063] Preferably, the distance from the first overlapping portion 212 to the sidewall of the first groove or through hole is 0.4mm to 1mm. For example, the distance from the first overlapping portion 212 to the sidewall of the first groove or through hole can be 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm or 1mm, etc. By controlling the distance from the first overlapping portion 212 to the sidewall of the first groove or through hole, reliable and stable electrical isolation can be formed between the first overlapping portion 212 and the sidewall of the corresponding first groove or through hole, so as to reduce the risk of short circuit between the first busbar 21 and the first edge battery cell 11.

[0064] In this embodiment of the utility model, for the first opening structure 114 which is a first groove with a side opening, the first busbar 211 is located in the extension direction of the battery string 10, and the first overlapping part 212 is inserted into the first groove from the side opening.

[0065] The thickness of the first busbar 211 is greater than the thickness of the first overlapping portion 212. Preferably, as shown in the figure... Figure 15As shown, the thickness T2 of the first overlapping portion 212 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm; for example, the thickness T2 of the first overlapping portion 212 can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, or 0.4mm, etc. More preferably, the thickness T1 of the first busbar portion 211 is 0.8mm to 2.4mm; for example, the thickness T1 of the first busbar portion 211 can be 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm, or 2.4mm, etc. Further preferably, the width W1 of the first busbar portion 211 is 1mm to 3mm; for example, the width W1 of the first busbar portion 211 can be 1mm, 2mm, or 3mm, etc. By controlling the thickness T2 of the first overlapping portion 212, a stable and reliable electrical connection can be ensured between the first overlapping portion 212 and the first front connector 111. Furthermore, by controlling the thickness T1 and width W1 of the first busbar 211, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first busbar 21 can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the current collection and conduction capabilities of the first busbar 21.

[0066] Additionally, the busbar 20 can also be at least partially located in the cell area, and as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagram shows a plate-like structure disposed on the back side of the edge battery cell 110. Preferably, the width of the busbar 20 of the plate-like structure is 12mm to 30mm; more preferably, the thickness of the busbar 20 of the plate-like structure is 0.08mm to 0.2mm. Furthermore, to ensure electrical isolation between the busbar 120 of the plate-like structure and the back connector 1120, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the photovoltaic module may also include edge cells 110 (exemplarily as shown in the image). Figure 7 and Figure 8 The insulating layer 31 on the back side of the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 shown; the insulating layer 31 has a plurality of second opening structures 311 spaced apart, and the plurality of second opening structures 311 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first opening structures 114; the busbar 20 (exemplary) Figure 7 and Figure 8The first busbar 21 shown is disposed on the side of the insulating layer 31 away from the edge cell 110; the size of the second opening structure 311 is 0.2mm~1mm smaller than the size of the first opening structure 114; the thickness of the insulating layer 31 is 0.18mm~0.27mm. Through the first opening structure 114 and the second opening structure 311, the busbar 20 located on the back of the edge cell 110 can be directly electrically connected to the front connector 1110 located on the front of the edge cell 110. This avoids the prior art solution that requires folding the front connector 1110 on the front of the edge cell 110 to the back of the edge cell 110 before electrically connecting it to the busbar 20 on the back of the edge cell 110. Therefore, compared with the connection method of the prior art, the overall thickness can be reduced, and the microcracks or breakage of the cell can be reduced.

[0067] It is understood that "busbar 20 is at least partially located in the cell area" means that at least a portion of busbar 20 is located on the back of the cell, including both cases where busbar 20 is entirely located on the back of the cell and cases where it is partially located on the back of the cell and partially located in non-cell areas. Located on the back of the cell, busbar 20 reduces the area it occupies, freeing up space and increasing the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module. The following description uses the first busbar 21 as an example. It should be understood that the second busbar 22 can have the same structure as the first busbar 21.

[0068] For example, the first busbar 21 can be a plate-like structure disposed on the back of the first edge battery cell 11, preferably, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the width W2 of the first busbar 21 of the plate-like structure is 12mm to 30mm; more preferably, the thickness of the first busbar 21 of the plate-like structure is 0.08mm to 0.2mm. For example, the width W2 of the first busbar 21 of the plate-like structure can be 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 23mm, 25mm, 28mm, or 30mm, etc., and the thickness of the first busbar 21 of the plate-like structure can be 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.18mm, or 0.2mm, etc. By controlling the width W2 and thickness of the first busbar 21 of the plate-like structure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first busbar 21 can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the current collection and conduction capabilities of the first busbar 21. For example, as... Figure 8 As shown, a partially enlarged side view at point A of the first end reveals that, with the back side facing upwards, the first edge 113 of the first end comprises the following stacked structure from bottom to top: a first front connector 111, a first edge battery cell 11, a first back connector 112, an insulating layer 31, and a first busbar 21. It can be understood that, for... Figure 8The structure shown, in a partially enlarged top view of the front side at point B of the first end, reveals that the insulating layer 31 extends beyond the edge of the first opening structure 114. Additionally, as... Figure 8 As shown in the enlarged side view at point C of the second end, when the front is facing upwards, the second edge 123 of the second end includes the following stacked structure from bottom to top: second busbar 22, second back connector 122, second edge battery cell 12 and second front connector 121.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the insulating layer 31 has a plurality of second opening structures 311 spaced apart, and the plurality of second opening structures 311 correspond one-to-one with a plurality of first opening structures 114. The first busbar 21 is disposed on the side of the insulating layer 31 away from the first edge battery cell 11. Preferably, the size of the second opening structure 311 is 0.2mm to 1mm smaller than the size of the first opening structure 114; for example, the size of the second opening structure 311 is 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm or 1mm smaller than the size of the first opening structure 114, so as to form reliable electrical isolation between the first busbar 21 and the first opening structure 114 through the insulating layer 31, reducing the risk of short circuit between the first busbar 21 and the first edge battery cell 11.

[0070] For example, targeting Figure 7 The first opening structure 114 shown is a through-hole structure, and the multiple second opening structures 311 arranged at intervals in the insulating layer 31 are also through-hole structures. (Regarding...) Figure 8 The first opening structure 114 shown is a first groove structure with an open side arc shape, and the multiple second opening structures 311 arranged at intervals on the insulating layer 31 are also groove structures with an open side arc shape. (Regarding...) Figure 3 The first opening structure 114 shown is a rectangular first groove, and its corresponding insulating layer 31 can be as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the second opening structure 311 is also rectangular.

[0071] Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer 31 is 0.18mm to 0.27mm. For example, the thickness of the insulating layer 31 can be 0.18mm, 0.20mm, 0.22mm, 0.25mm or 0.27mm, etc. By controlling the thickness of the insulating layer 31, the insulation effect of the insulating layer 31 can be guaranteed.

[0072] In summary, the busbar 20 can have three structures, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the first structure includes a busbar 2110 and an overlap portion 2120, and is disposed in a non-battery cell area, wherein the overlap portion 2120 is arc-shaped; as Figure 11As shown, the second structure is plate-shaped and at least partially disposed on the back of the solar cell; as Figure 13 As shown, the third structure includes a busbar 2110 and an overlap 2120, and is disposed in the non-battery cell area, wherein the overlap 2120 is rectangular. That is to say, the first busbar 21 provided in this embodiment of the present invention can have multiple structures. Similarly, the second busbar 22 disposed corresponding to the second edge battery cell 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 can also have multiple structures.

[0073] exist Figures 1 to 4 Based on the structure of the first edge 113 of the first edge battery piece 11 at the first end of the battery string 10 shown by way of example, the second edge 123 of the second edge battery piece 12 at the second end of the battery string 10 will be described below.

[0074] The second edge 123 of the second edge cell 12 can also have two structures.

[0075] The first structure of the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12, such as Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12 has a flat and continuous structure, that is, the first opening structure 114 is not provided.

[0076] The second structure of the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in the extending direction of the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12, a plurality of side openings and second grooves 124 penetrating the front and back sides of the second edge battery cell 12 are provided at intervals. It can be understood that, as described above, the edges of the openings of the second grooves 124 provided on the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12 can be arc-shaped or rectangular, and the first opening structure 114 provided on the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12 can also be a through hole penetrating the front and back sides. In a battery string 10, the structures of the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12 can be the same or different. Based on different combinations, the battery string 10 can have different structures, for example... Figures 1 to 4 Four of the structures shown are shown.

[0077] Based on the structure of the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 and the second edge 123 of the second edge battery cell 12 of the battery string 10, the structures of the first busbar 21 disposed at the first end and the second busbar 22 disposed at the second end of the battery string 10 can be the same or different. For example Figures 5 to 9 The different structures shown. As an example, such as Figure 9As shown, the battery string 10 includes a first edge battery piece 11 located at the first end of the battery string 10 and a second edge battery piece 12 located at the second end of the battery string 10. The busbar 20 includes a first busbar 21 located at the first end of the battery string 10 and a second busbar 22 located at the second end of the battery string 10. The front connector 1110 of the first edge battery piece 11 (which is the first front connector 111) extends to the corresponding first opening structure 114 on the edge of the first edge battery piece 11 and is electrically connected to the first busbar 21. The back connector 1120 of the second edge battery piece 12 (which is the second back connector 122) extends to the corresponding first opening structure 114 on the edge of the second edge battery piece 12 and is electrically connected to the second busbar 22.

[0078] As an example, the following description Figure 6 and Figure 9 The second edge 123 shown corresponds one-to-one with the multiple second grooves 124, multiple second back connectors 122, and multiple second overlaps 222. The second edge 123 is away from the adjacent battery cells it is connected to, and the extension direction of the second edge 123 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second front connector 121 and the second back connector 122. The second busbar 221 is located in the extension direction of the battery string 10. Each second overlap 222 is embedded in its corresponding second groove 124 and is electrically isolated from the sidewall of the second groove 124. The second back connector 122 extends to its corresponding second groove 124 and is electrically connected to the second overlap 222 embedded in the second groove 124. The multiple second front connectors 121 do not extend to the second groove 124.

[0079] Preferably, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the distance d2 from the end of the second front connector 121 to the second groove 124 is 1mm to 2mm. For example, the distance d2 from the end of the second front connector 121 to the second groove 124 can be 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm or 2mm, etc. By controlling the distance d2 from the end of the second front connector 121 to the second groove 124, electrical connection between the second front connector 121 and the second busbar 22 can be avoided, reducing the risk of short circuit between the second busbar 22 and the second edge battery cell 12.

[0080] Preferably, in the embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the depth h2 of the second groove 124 is 2mm to 5mm; for example, the depth h2 of the second groove 124 can be 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm, etc. By controlling the depth h2 of the second groove 124, the second groove 124 is consistent with the first groove, ensuring the consistency of the edge structure at both ends of the battery string, and ensuring that the second overlapping part 222 and the second back connector 122 form a stable and reliable contact.

[0081] Preferably, the distance between the second overlapping portion 222 and the sidewall of the second groove 124 is 0.4mm to 1mm; for example, the distance between the second overlapping portion 222 and the sidewall of the second groove 124 can be 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm or 1mm, etc. By controlling the distance between the second overlapping portion 222 and the sidewall of the second groove 124, a short circuit between the second structure of the second busbar 22 and the second edge battery cell 12 can be avoided.

[0082] Preferably, for the first structure of the second busbar 22, the thickness of the second overlap portion 222 is 0.2mm to 0.4mm; for example, the thickness of the second overlap portion 222 can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, or 0.4mm, etc. By controlling the thickness of the second overlap portion 222, a stable and reliable electrical connection can be formed between the second busbar 22 and the second back connector 122.

[0083] More preferably, the thickness of the second busbar 221 is 0.8mm to 2.4mm. For example, the thickness of the second busbar 221 can be 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, or 2.4mm. More preferably, the width of the second busbar 221 is 1mm to 3mm. For example, the width of the second busbar 221 can be 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, or 3mm. By controlling the thickness, width, and cross-sectional area of ​​the second busbar 22, the current collection and conduction capabilities of the second busbar 22 can be effectively guaranteed, thereby effectively improving its current collection and conduction capabilities.

[0084] In the embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, another battery string 10 is provided in the extending direction of one battery string 10. The busbar 20 provided in one battery string 10 near the end of the other battery string 10 and the busbar 20 provided in the other battery string 10 near the end of one battery string 10 are integrally formed. Specifically, the overlapping portion 2120 of one busbar 20 and the overlapping portion 2120 of the other busbar 20 are integrally formed with each other. In order to reduce the area occupied by the busbars, the width of the two overlapping portions 2120 after integral forming is equal to the width of the overlapping portion 2120 of the individual busbar 20.

[0085] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the busbar 20 disposed at one end of one battery string 10 and the busbar 20 disposed at one end of the other battery string 10 are integrally formed. Specifically, for the structure where the first ends of the two battery strings 10 are opposite each other, the first busbar 21 disposed at the first end of one battery string 10 and the first busbar 21 disposed at the first end of the other battery string 10 are integrally formed. For the structure where the second ends of the two battery strings 10 are opposite each other, the second busbar 22 disposed at the second end of one battery string 10 and the second busbar 22 disposed at the second end of the other battery string 10 are integrally formed.

[0086] For example, such as Figure 17 The photovoltaic module shown has the following cell strings from right to left: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6 in the upper part, and B7, B8, B9, B10, B11, and B12 in the lower part. One end of B2 (as shown in the first example) is opposite to one end of B8 (as shown in the first example), the other end of B1 (as shown in the second example) is opposite to the other end of B7 (as shown in the second example), the other end of B3 (as shown in the second example) is opposite to the other end of B9 (as shown in the second example), one end of B4 (as shown in the first example) is opposite to one end of B10 (as shown in the first example), the other end of B5 (as shown in the second example) is opposite to the other end of B11 (as shown in the second example), and one end of B6 (as shown in the first example) is opposite to one end of B12 (as shown in the first example). Correspondingly, the busbar 20 connected to one end of B2 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B2) and the busbar 20 connected to one end of B8 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B8) are integral structures; the busbar 20 connected to the other end of B3 (the second busbar 22 connected to the second end) and the busbar 20 connected to the other end of B9 (such as the second busbar 22 connected to the second end) are integral structures; the busbar 20 connected to one end of B4 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B4) and the busbar 20 connected to one end of B10 are integral structures. The busbar 20 connected to the first end of B10 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B10) is an integral structure. The busbar 20 connected to the other end of B5 (such as the second busbar 22 connected to the second end of B5) and the busbar 20 connected to the other end of B11 (such as the second busbar 22 connected to the second end of B11) are an integral structure. The busbar 20 connected to one end of B6 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B6) and the busbar 20 connected to one end of B12 (such as the first busbar 21 connected to the first end of B12) are an integral structure.

[0087] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, the photovoltaic module includes: multiple battery strings 10 arranged side-by-side and connected in series via busbars 20 (such as a first busbar 21 located at the first end of one battery string and a second busbar 22 located at the second end of another battery string); in the multiple battery strings 10 arranged side-by-side, the first end of one battery string 10 and the second end of its adjacent battery string 10 are located on the same side; the first busbar 21 and the second busbar 22 corresponding to the series connection position are an integral structure. This integral structure of the first busbar 21 and the second busbar 22 corresponding to the series connection position can be as follows: Figure 11 As shown. The series connection position can be determined based on the circuit design and layout design of the photovoltaic module. For example, as... Figure 17 The photovoltaic module shown has the following cell strings from right to left: B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6 in the upper part, and B7, B8, B9, B10, B11, and B12 in the lower part. The cell strings are connected as follows: the first end of B1 is connected to the second end of B2; the first end of B2 is connected to the second end of B3; the first end of B3 is connected to the second end of B4; the first end of B4 is connected to the second end of B5; the first end of B5 is connected to the second end of B6, forming multiple parallel cell strings connected together; the first end of B7 is connected to the second end of B8; the first end of B8 is connected to the second end of B9; the first end of B9 is connected to the second end of B10; the first end of B10 is connected to the second end of B11; the first end of B11 is connected to the second end of B12, forming multiple parallel cell strings connected together. Furthermore, in the extension direction of the battery string 10, two opposing battery strings are connected in parallel through parallel positions: the second end of B1 is connected to the second end of B7, the first end of B2 is connected to the first end of B8, the second end of B3 is connected to the second end of B9, the first end of B4 is connected to the first end of B10, the second end of B5 is connected to the second end of B11, and the first end of B6 is connected to the first end of B12.

[0088] In addition, regarding the battery string 10, apart from the first edge battery piece 11 and the second edge battery piece 12, the connection relationships between the other battery pieces and the connection relationships between the other battery pieces and the first edge battery piece 11 and the second edge battery piece 12 are the same as those in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] The structure provided in this embodiment can be applied to components including but not limited to HJT, TOPCon, and PERC batteries.

[0090] It is worth noting that, for the case where the first edge 113 of the first edge battery cell 11 has a first opening structure 114, it is necessary to ensure that the effective area of ​​the first edge battery cell 11 is equal to the effective area of ​​other battery cells, that is, the area of ​​the edge battery cell 110 in the battery string 10 is equal to that of other battery cells, in order to avoid current mismatch. After the area of ​​the battery cell corresponding to the first opening structure 114 is removed, it needs to be compensated for in other positions of the edge battery cell. Accordingly, it can be increased in the length direction of the edge battery cell 110, so that the length of the edge battery cell 110 is greater than the length of other battery cells, and the width of the edge battery cell 110 is equal to the width of other battery cells.

[0091] against Figure 17 In the photovoltaic module structure provided by this embodiment of the present invention, the area occupied by the busbar 20 is only half that of the busbar in existing photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, through the embodiment of the present invention... Figure 17 Performance testing of the photovoltaic module structure revealed that the structure provided in this embodiment of the invention can increase the power of the photovoltaic module by 2W~3W and improve the module efficiency by 0.1%. Regarding... Figure 18 The proposed photovoltaic module structure completely hides the first busbar 21 and the second busbar 22 on the back of the module, which can increase the module power by more than 5W and the module efficiency by more than 0.2%.

[0092] The structure of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with two specific examples.

[0093] like Figure 19 In the prior art shown, the photovoltaic module size is 2278*1134mm, the conventional cell size is 182mm*91mm, the number of main busbars is 16, the cell spacing is 1.6mm, the busbar width is 6mm, the thickness is 0.4mm, and the gap between the cell and the busbar is 2mm.

[0094] Example 1:

[0095] Figure 17 In the structure shown, the size and layout of the photovoltaic module remain unchanged. The size of the middle cell in the cell string is 182mm * 91.5mm, and the size of the first and second edge cells is 182mm * 92.8mm. The width of the first and second busbars is 3mm, and the thickness of the first and second busbars is 0.8mm. The first and second overlaps are semicircles with a radius of 2.5mm, and the thickness of the first and second overlaps is 0.2mm. The gap between the first edge cell and the first busbar is 1mm, and the gap between the second edge cell and the second busbar is 1mm.

[0096] Compared to Figure 19The existing component design saves 3mm of area per busbar compared to existing busbar bands. The combined area of ​​the first busbar at both ends and the second busbar in the middle saves a total of 9mm compared to the combined area of ​​the busbars at both ends and the middle in existing technologies. Due to the lower overlap thickness, the gap between the edge cells and the busbar can be further reduced from 2mm in existing technologies to 1mm. Therefore, the gaps between the ends of the first and second edge cells and the busbar are reduced by a total of 4mm compared to the gaps between the cell edges and the busbar in existing technologies. Thus, Figure 17 compared to Figure 19 In the photovoltaic module's length direction, a width saving of 13mm can be achieved. This width is then transferred to the solar cells, increasing the cell size while maintaining the same module size, thus increasing the effective power generation area. To avoid current mismatch, the dimensions of the first and second edge cells are 182mm * 92.8mm. Due to the increased size of the first and second edge cells, to prevent stacking, the added 2.6mm needs to be evenly distributed across the cell spacing; therefore, the cell spacing is adjusted to 1.4mm. Based on these parameters, string bonding parameters are set, and solder ribbons are used to interconnect the first and second edge cells with their corresponding busbar overlaps. After the cell strings are completed, subsequent standard module manufacturing processes such as stacking, lamination, and framing are performed according to the layout. Finally, module power testing is conducted. Compared to conventional modules, Figure 17 The provided components have increased power by 2.6W.

[0097] Example 2:

[0098] like Figure 18 As shown, the size and layout of the photovoltaic module remain unchanged. The size of the middle cell in the cell string is 182mm*92mm. The busbar has a second structure, which is a plate-like structure set on the back of the cell. It is 12mm wide and 0.2mm thick. The size of the first edge cell and the second edge cell is 182mm*93.3mm. The first edge of the first edge cell has a first groove, which is a rectangle with a depth of 3mm and a width of 5mm.

[0099] Because the busbar is hidden on the back of the battery cell, compared to Figure 19The existing module design can save the width of the two busbars at both ends and the middle busbar, totaling 18mm. The gap between the edge cells and the busbars can be reduced by 6mm, resulting in a total width saving of 24mm. This width is transferred to the cells, increasing their size while keeping the module dimensions unchanged, thus increasing the effective area of ​​the module. To avoid current mismatch, the dimensions of the first and second edge cells are 182mm * 93.3mm. Due to the increased size of the first and second edge cells, to prevent stacking, the increased 1.3mm needs to be averaged across the cell spacing; therefore, the cell spacing is adjusted to 1.5mm. Based on the above parameters, the stringing parameters are set, and solder ribbons are used to interconnect the overlaps of the first and second edge cells with their corresponding busbars. After the cell strings are completed, the standard module manufacturing process, including stacking, lamination, and framing, is performed according to the layout. Finally, the module power is tested. Compared to conventional modules, Figure 18 The supplied modules have a 6W higher power output and good electrochemical efficiency (EL), with no microcracks or abnormal cell cracks.

[0100] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core idea of ​​this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a plurality of battery strings (10) and a busbar (20) disposed at the ends of the battery strings (10), wherein, The edge battery sheet (110) at the end of the battery string (10) has multiple front connectors (1110) arranged on the front side, and multiple back connectors (1120) arranged on the back side of the edge battery sheet (110). The front connectors (1110) and the back connectors (1120) have opposite polarities and correspond to each other. A plurality of first opening structures (114) are provided at intervals along the extension direction of the edge (1130) of the edge battery cell (110), wherein each first opening structure (114) penetrates the front and back sides of the edge battery cell (110), and the plurality of first opening structures (114) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of front connectors (1110) and the back connectors (1120), wherein the edge (1130) is away from the adjacent battery cell to which it is connected, and the extension direction of the edge (1130) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the front connector (1110) and the extension direction of the back connector (1120); The busbar covers at least a portion of each of the first opening structures (114); One of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) extends to its corresponding first opening structure (114) and is electrically connected to the busbar (20); The other of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) is electrically isolated from the busbar (20), and the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) are electrically isolated from each other.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the other of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) does not extend to its corresponding first opening structure (114). Preferably, the distance from the end of the other of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) to its corresponding first opening structure (114) is 1mm to 2mm. or, The other end of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) is a fishtail structure with two branches, which are located on both sides of the first opening structure (114) to which they correspond.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first opening structure (114) is a first groove with at least a partial opening at the edge. Preferably, the width of the first groove is 2mm to 5mm. or, The first opening structure (114) is a closed-edge through hole. Preferably, the width of the through hole is 2mm to 5mm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The busbar (20) is disposed in the non-battery cell area and includes: a busbar (2110) extending along the edge (1130) of the edge battery cell (110) and a plurality of overlapping portions (2120) disposed on the side of the busbar (2110) facing the edge battery cell (110) and spaced apart in the extension direction of the busbar (2110). Each of the multiple overlapping portions (2120) corresponds one-to-one with a multiple of the first opening structures (114); Each of the overlapping portions (2120) is embedded in its corresponding first opening structure (114) and electrically connected to one of the front connector (1110) and the back connector (1120) extending to the first opening structure (114), and the overlapping portion (2120) is electrically isolated from the side wall of the first opening structure (114). Preferably, the distance from the overlapping portion (2120) to the side wall of the first opening structure (114) is 0.4 mm to 1 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the merging part (2110) is greater than the thickness of the overlapping part (2120). Preferably, the thickness of the overlapping part (2120) is 0.2mm to 0.4mm; more preferably, the thickness of the merging part (2110) is 0.8mm to 2.4mm; and even more preferably, the width of the merging part (211) is 1mm to 3mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The busbar (20) is at least partially disposed in the battery cell area and is a plate-like structure disposed on the back of the edge battery cell (110). Preferably, the width of the busbar (20) of the plate-like structure is 12mm to 30mm; more preferably, the thickness of the busbar (20) of the plate-like structure is 0.08mm to 0.2mm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: An insulating layer (31) is disposed on the back side of the edge battery cell (110). The insulating layer (31) has a plurality of second opening structures (311) spaced apart, and the plurality of second opening structures (311) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first opening structures (114); The busbar (20) is disposed on the side of the insulating layer (31) away from the edge battery cell (110); Preferably, the size of the second opening structure (311) is 0.2mm to 1mm smaller than the size of the first opening structure (114); Preferably, the thickness of the insulating layer (31) is 0.18mm to 0.27mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The edge battery cell (110) includes a first edge battery cell (11) located at the first end of the battery string (10) and a second edge battery cell (12) located at the second end of the battery string (10). The busbar (20) includes a first busbar (21) disposed at the first end of the battery string (10) and a second busbar (22) disposed at the second end of the battery string (10). The front connector (1110) of the first edge battery cell (11) extends to the first opening structure (114) on the edge of the first edge battery cell (11) and is electrically connected to the first busbar (21). The back connector (1120) of the second edge battery cell (12) extends to the first opening structure (114) on the edge of the second edge battery cell (12) and is electrically connected to the second busbar (22).

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, Another battery string (10) is provided in the extending direction of one of the battery strings (10). The busbar (20) disposed on one of the battery strings (10) near the end of another battery string (10) and the busbar (20) disposed on the other battery string (10) near the end of one of the battery strings (10) are an integral structure.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge cell (110) in the battery string (10) has the same area as the other cells.

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