A fast-acting fuse for an energy storage system

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of fuse technology and relates to a fast-response fuse for energy storage systems, comprising: a ceramic tube, a first contact blade, a second contact blade, and a fusible element; the fusible element is a strip made of thin metal sheet, and the narrow diameter of the fusible element is a row of parallel holes distributed along the length of the fusible element; the length of each row of holes covers the width of the fusible element, and the shape and size of the narrow diameter holes in each row of holes are exactly the same; the narrow diameter of the middle section of the fusible element along the length is smaller than the narrow diameters on both sides; the strip-shaped sheet of the fusible element is bent along the length into a rectangle or isosceles trapezoid convex towards the surface of the sheet; this utility model ensures that the fuse reacts quickly when the energy storage fuse is broken, and is simple and reliable in production, installation and use by designing the fuse element with a smaller narrow diameter in the middle and a larger narrow diameter on both sides; the fusible element is set into a trapezoidal shape and assembled by two pieces being stacked and welded back to back.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuse technology and relates to a fast-response fuse for energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] An energy storage system is a technological device that can store energy in a specific form and release it when needed. Lithium-ion battery energy storage systems are a specific form of energy storage system. They utilize lithium-ion batteries as the energy storage medium, achieving the storage and release of electrical energy through the migration of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Due to its advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, fast response speed, and environmental friendliness, lithium-ion battery energy storage systems have become one of the most mature and rapidly developing electrochemical energy storage technologies. For lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, their high energy density and short-circuit risk dictate that fault handling must be fast, with a short response time (typically on the order of milliseconds). Only by quickly disconnecting the circuit can equipment burnout and fault propagation be prevented, ultimately ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system. For lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, "fast response" is not "performance optimization," but rather a core safety indicator for energy storage fuses and a key requirement in the design of energy storage power stations.

[0003] However, most existing energy storage fuses use uniformly spaced orifices of the same size, making it difficult to increase current density under the same power consumption, and the response time is relatively long. As the energy density of lithium batteries continues to increase, once a short circuit occurs, the branch currents converge, and the energy released by the short circuit is greater and faster. Existing energy storage fuses can no longer meet the requirements of timely interruption of fault current to prevent thermal runaway or even explosion.

[0004] Therefore, a fast-responding, simple, and reliable energy storage fuse is needed to solve this technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the technical problem is: a fast-response fuse for an energy storage system, comprising: a ceramic tube, a first contact blade, a second contact blade, and a molten body. The first and second contact blades are respectively disposed at both ends of the ceramic tube, and the molten body is located inside the ceramic tube. The two ends of the molten body are electrically connected to the first and second contact blades, respectively. The molten body inside the ceramic tube is surrounded by an arc-extinguishing medium. The molten body is a strip made of thin metal sheet, and the narrow diameter of the molten body is a row of parallel holes distributed along the length direction of the molten body. The length of each row of holes covers the width direction of the molten body, and the shape and size of the narrow diameter holes in each row of holes are exactly the same. The shape of the narrow diameter holes includes: triangle, rectangle, circle, ellipse, regular pentagon, and regular hexagon. The narrow diameter of the middle section of the molten body along the length direction is smaller than the narrow diameters on both sides. The strip-shaped sheet of the molten body is bent along the length direction into a rectangle or isosceles trapezoid convex towards the surface of the sheet.

[0006] Preferably, the narrow diameter of the melt is made of metallic silver, and the rest of the melt is made of metallic copper. The melt is composed of copper sheets and silver narrow diameters arranged alternately along the length of the melt. The arrangement of the copper-silver composite strip includes: one-time pressing, welding, snap-fit ​​splicing, cold pressing composite, and hot pressing composite.

[0007] More preferably, the silver narrow diameter is located in the rectangular or isosceles trapezoidal protrusion of the melt.

[0008] More preferably, the silver narrow diameter is located on a plane of the protrusion parallel to the melt.

[0009] Preferably, the fast-response fuse contains multiple parallel fusible elements.

[0010] Preferably, the two melts are stacked back to back in opposite directions of bending and protrusion to form a set of melts, and their ends are electrically connected to the first contact knife and the second contact knife, respectively.

[0011] Even better, the two melts stacked back to back have the same shape, size, narrow position, and narrow dimension.

[0012] Preferably, the narrow holes on both sides of the melt are circular holes, and the narrow holes in the middle section of the melt are elliptical holes.

[0013] Preferably, the first contact blade and the second contact blade are respectively provided with mounting holes or mounting U-shaped grooves.

[0014] More preferably, the opening of the first U-shaped groove for mounting the contact blade faces outward along the length of the melt, and the opening of the second U-shaped groove for mounting the contact blade faces outward perpendicular to the length of the melt.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model designs the fuse element with a smaller central diameter and larger side diameters, resulting in a higher central current density. Under the condition of ensuring the fuse temperature rise, the fuse breaks more quickly, and the effect is more obvious under small multiples. Therefore, the fuse of this utility model has a faster melting response.

[0016] 2. This utility model uses composite materials. The narrow part is made of silver, which has low resistivity and low melting point, ensuring breaking speed and fuse performance. The remaining parts are made of other metal materials, such as copper with high hardness, which reduces costs and improves the skeleton effect. Therefore, the fuse of this utility model is simpler, more reliable and cheaper.

[0017] 3. This utility model sets the melt into a trapezoidal shape, resulting in a lower forming bend height, a larger effective space between melts, and more uniform filling of the arc-extinguishing medium. The trapezoidal bend has a certain amount of expansion and contraction, and a large adjustment margin, which can effectively compensate for the cumulative tolerances of various parts of the fuse, avoid damage to the narrow diameter of the melt during material pulling, ensure product quality, and at the same time be compatible with more specifications, reducing the number of tooling molds.

[0018] 4. This utility model sets the narrow diameter of the trapezoidal molten material at the short side of the trapezoidal shape, and then stacks the trapezoidal molten materials back to back in mirror image to form the material, so that the narrow diameters are staggered, avoiding problems such as abnormal resistance, uncontrolled heat dissipation, unextinguished arc or accidental melting caused by the narrow diameters touching each other. Moreover, the two-piece stacking method can significantly improve the welding speed and double the efficiency while ensuring product quality, and relatively shorten the fuse manufacturing cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to the present invention; Figure 2 For the present utility model Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view along direction A; Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view along direction B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the melt of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the melt lamination of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram, 1 is the ceramic tube; 2 is the first contact knife; 3 is the second contact knife; 4 is the melt; 5 is the perforation; and 6 is the narrow-diameter orifice. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The relevant technologies of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, a fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to this specific embodiment includes: a ceramic tube 1, a first contact 2, a second contact 3, and a fusible element 4. The first contact 2 and the second contact 3 are respectively disposed at both ends of the ceramic tube 1, and the fusible element 4 is located inside the ceramic tube 1. The two ends of the fusible element 4 are electrically connected to the first contact 2 and the second contact 3 respectively. The fusible element 4 inside the ceramic tube 1 is surrounded by an arc-extinguishing medium. The melt 4 is a strip made of thin metal sheet. The narrow diameter of the melt 4 is a row of parallel holes 5 distributed along the length of the melt 4. The length of each row of holes 5 covers the width of the melt 4. The shape and size of the narrow diameter holes 6 in each row of holes 5 are exactly the same. The shape of the narrow diameter holes 6 includes: triangle, rectangle, circle, ellipse, regular pentagon, and regular hexagon. The narrow diameter of the middle section of the melt 4 along its length is smaller than the narrow diameters on both sides; the narrow diameter in the middle of the melt is smaller, while the narrow diameters on both sides are larger. Under the condition of ensuring the temperature rise of the fuse, the fuse breaks more quickly; the effect is more obvious at small multipliers. The strip-shaped sheet of melt 4 is bent along its length into a rectangle or isosceles trapezoid protruding toward the surface of the sheet; the trapezoidal or rectangular forming is designed to be lower in height than flat or other forming (such as triangular forming), the effective space between melts is larger, the arc extinguishing medium is filled more evenly, and the trapezoidal and rectangular bends have better expansion and contraction, which can effectively compensate for material dimensional tolerances and avoid damage to the narrow diameter of the melt.

[0023] Furthermore, the narrow diameter of the melt 4 is made of metallic silver, and the rest of the melt 4 is made of metallic copper. The melt 4 is composed of copper sheets and silver narrow diameters welded together alternately along the length of the melt 4.

[0024] Furthermore, the silver slit is located in the rectangular or isosceles trapezoidal protrusion of the melt 4; the melt 4 is made of composite material, and the slit part is made of silver material, which has low resistivity and low melting point, ensuring breaking speed and fuse performance; the remaining part is supported by copper or other metal materials as a skeleton, which is lower in cost and more stable.

[0025] Furthermore, the silver slit is located on a plane parallel to the melt 4 of the protrusion.

[0026] Furthermore, the fast-response fuse contains multiple parallel fusible elements 4. By arranging the fusible elements 4 in a parallel configuration (i.e., a parallel structure) inside the fuse, the current-carrying capacity can be significantly improved, the temperature field can be more uniform, the performance can be more stable, the breaking capacity and reliability can be enhanced, and space can be saved and costs can be reduced. Therefore, multiple parallel fusible elements 4 can optimize the performance of the fuse within a limited space, achieving high current carrying capacity, fast breaking, and long life.

[0027] Furthermore, the two melts 4 are stacked back to back in opposite directions of bending and protrusion to form a set of melts, and their ends are electrically connected to the first contact 2 and the second contact 3 respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, the two back-to-back stacked molten bodies 4 are identical in shape, size, narrow diameter position, and narrow diameter dimension; after being stacked back-to-back, two molten bodies can be welded at once, improving production efficiency. Moreover, the narrow diameters are staggered, avoiding abnormal resistance, uncontrolled heat dissipation, unextinguished arc, or accidental melting caused by the narrow diameters colliding together. This prevents the fuse from losing its protective function and even causing safety accidents such as circuit failure and equipment damage.

[0029] Furthermore, the narrow holes 6 on both sides of the melt 4 are round holes, and the narrow holes 6 in the middle section of the melt 4 are elliptical holes.

[0030] Furthermore, the first contact blade 2 and the second contact blade 3 are respectively provided with mounting holes or mounting U-shaped grooves.

[0031] Furthermore, the opening of the U-shaped groove of the first contact knife 2 faces outward along the length of the melt 4, and the opening of the U-shaped groove of the second contact knife 3 faces outward perpendicular to the length of the melt 4. The design of the U-shaped groove openings to be perpendicular to each other can enhance mechanical stability and torsional resistance, optimize the arrangement and fixation of the fuse pieces, simplify assembly and standardization. The design of the U-shaped groove openings to be perpendicular to each other is an effective means to improve the mechanical reliability, electrical performance and manufacturability of the product.

[0032] In summary, this utility model ensures rapid response during energy storage and fuse breaking by designing the fuse element with a smaller central diameter and larger side diameters; the fuse element is set in a trapezoidal shape and assembled by two pieces being stacked and welded back to back, thus ensuring that this utility model is simple and reliable in production, installation and use.

[0033] It should be emphasized that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system, comprising: The ceramic tube (1), the first contact blade (2), the second contact blade (3), and the melt (4) are respectively disposed at both ends of the ceramic tube (1). The melt (4) is located inside the ceramic tube (1). The two ends of the melt (4) are electrically connected to the first contact blade (2) and the second contact blade (3) respectively. The melt (4) inside the ceramic tube (1) is surrounded by an arc-quenching medium. The characteristic feature is that: The melt (4) is a strip made of thin metal sheet. The narrow diameter of the melt (4) is a row of parallel holes (5) distributed along the length of the melt (4). The length of each row of holes (5) is filled with the width of the melt (4). The shape and size of the narrow diameter holes (6) in each row of holes (5) are exactly the same. The shape of the narrow diameter holes (6) includes: triangle, rectangle, circle, ellipse, regular pentagon, and regular hexagon. The diameter of the middle section of the melt (4) along its length is smaller than the diameters on both sides; The strip-shaped sheet of the melt (4) is bent along its length into a rectangular or isosceles trapezoidal shape that bulges toward the surface of the sheet.

2. The fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrow diameter of the melt (4) is made of metallic silver, and the rest of the melt (4) is made of metallic copper. The melt (4) is composed of copper sheets and silver narrow diameters arranged alternately along the length of the melt (4).

3. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The silver slit is located in the rectangular or isosceles trapezoidal protrusion of the melt (4).

4. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The silver slit is located on the plane of the protrusion parallel to the melt (4).

5. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fast-response fuse contains multiple parallel fusible elements (4).

6. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two melts (4) are stacked back to back in opposite directions of bending and protrusion to form a set of melts, and their two ends are electrically connected to the first contact knife (2) and the second contact knife (3) respectively.

7. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two melts (4) stacked back to back have the same shape, size, narrow position, and narrow dimension.

8. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrow holes (6) on both sides of the melt (4) are round holes, and the narrow holes (6) in the middle section of the melt (4) are elliptical holes.

9. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first contact blade (2) and the second contact blade (3) are respectively provided with mounting holes or mounting U-shaped grooves.

10. A fast-response fuse for an energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The opening of the U-shaped groove of the first contact knife (2) faces outward along the length direction of the melt (4), and the opening of the U-shaped groove of the second contact knife (3) faces outward perpendicular to the length direction of the melt (4).

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