Anti-coking lining structure for thermal cracking furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the anti coking lining structure of pyrolysis furnace, including base, still including the furnace body of installing on the upper end of base, and the base is connected through the mounting sleeve rotation, and the both sides of base upper end are provided with support piece, and the left end of base is fixedly installed with fixed top cover through support, and one end of fixed top cover and furnace body is connected, and the other end of furnace body is provided with the airtight cover, and the both sides of airtight cover surface are provided with flue gas pipe and discharge pipe respectively, and the surface of fixed top cover is provided with feed bin door, and the both ends of fixed top cover are all installed with mounting rod, and the surface of mounting rod is located the inside of furnace body and is provided with cleaning scraper, the utility model discloses through servo motor drive the transverse motion of mounting rod, can scrape off coking object in real time, avoid coking layer accumulation, keep the stable heat transfer performance of furnace wall, and reciprocating swing movement, make cleaning coverage wide, cooperate furnace body rotation, realize all -round cleaning at the same time, repeatedly multiple times clean scraping, make the cleaning effect better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis furnace technology, specifically to an anti-coking lining structure for pyrolysis furnaces. Background Technology

[0002] The waste plastic pyrolysis process is a technology that converts waste plastics into industrial carbon black and heavy oil. Its main production process includes feeding, pyrolysis, and dust and wax removal. During the pyrolysis stage, the waste plastics are placed in a sealed pyrolysis furnace. After 12 hours of pyrolysis, in addition to generating pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gases, carbon black is also produced inside the furnace. To ensure uniform heating and pyrolysis of the material, the furnace body rotates slowly and continuously during this process. After pyrolysis is complete and the furnace body cools to 45-55°C, the carbon black is discharged. This process realizes the resource utilization of waste plastics, transforming difficult-to-biodegrade plastic waste into economically valuable industrial raw materials, while the inner lining structure protects the inner wall of the furnace.

[0003] Currently, during the pyrolysis process, the high-temperature reaction of materials in the pyrolysis furnace easily forms a coking layer on the furnace wall, leading to decreased heat transfer efficiency, increased energy consumption, and even blockage of the furnace body. At the same time, the cleaning process of the coking layer can easily damage the inner lining structure. Conventional inner lining structures are mostly one-piece structures, making it inconvenient to replace and maintain the inner lining. Based on this, we propose an anti-coking inner lining structure for pyrolysis furnaces to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an anti-coking lining structure for pyrolysis furnaces, which facilitates the cleaning of coking layers and prevents coking. This solves the problem that in existing pyrolysis furnaces, the high-temperature reaction of materials during pyrolysis easily leads to the formation of a coking layer on the furnace wall, resulting in decreased heat transfer efficiency, increased energy consumption, and even furnace blockage. Furthermore, the cleaning of the coking layer can easily damage the lining structure, and conventional lining structures are mostly one-piece structures, making lining replacement and maintenance inconvenient.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an anti-coking lining structure for a pyrolysis furnace, including a base and a furnace body mounted on the upper end of the base. The furnace body and the base are rotatably connected by an mounting sleeve, and support members are provided on both sides of the upper end of the base. A fixed top cover is fixedly mounted on the left end of the base by a bracket. The fixed top cover is rotatably connected to one end of the furnace body, and a sealed cover is provided on the other end of the furnace body. A flue gas pipe and a discharge pipe are respectively provided on both sides of the surface of the sealed cover. A feed hopper door is provided on the surface of the fixed top cover. Mounting rods are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the fixed top cover. A cleaning scraper is provided on the surface of the mounting rods located inside the furnace body. A driving component is provided at one end of the mounting rods extending to the outer side of the fixed top cover. The driving component is used to drive the mounting rods to swing laterally. An inner lining sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body. The inner liner consists of arc-shaped liner plates arranged in a ring array. The arc-shaped liner plates use high-alumina refractory bricks as the hot surface layer, and the backing surface of the arc-shaped liner plates uses aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board. The interlayer is filled with ceramic fiber blankets for expansion compensation.

[0006] Furthermore, the support component includes a bearing seat fixedly installed on the surface of the base, and a support wheel is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat via a shaft, with the support wheel fitting against both sides of the lower end of the furnace body.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the fixed top cover is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the furnace body through a sealed bearing, and a protruding seat is provided on the inner side of the fixed top cover. The protruding seat is sleeved with the inner side of the furnace body, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the surface of the protruding seat.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the fixed top cover has a through hole that fits into the mounting rod, and an airtight component is provided between the mounting rod and the protrusion. The airtight component is used to seal the sliding track of the mounting rod, and nitrogen gas is injected into the airtight component.

[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning scrapers are evenly spaced, and the heads of the cleaning scrapers are inlaid with tungsten carbide alloy strips. The contact surface between the head of the cleaning scraper and the arc-shaped liner is designed as an inclined surface. When the mounting rod swings and moves, the cleaning scraper cleans the surface of the arc-shaped liner.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes an outer cover fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the fixed top cover. A toothed groove is formed in the surface of one end of the mounting rod extending into the outer cover. A notched gear is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the outer cover. The notched gear and the toothed groove are meshed together. A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the outer cover. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the notched gear. The servo motor is used to drive the notched gear to rotate. When the notched gear and the toothed groove are meshed, the rotation of the notched gear can drive the mounting rod to move laterally.

[0011] Furthermore, a stop is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting rod, and a connecting spring is fitted on the outer side of the mounting rod. One end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the stop, and the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the protrusion. When the notched gear and the tooth groove separate, the elasticity of the connecting spring drives the mounting rod to reset.

[0012] Furthermore, each arc-shaped liner is connected to the furnace shell by anchoring nails, and expansion joints are reserved between the arc-shaped liners. The expansion joints are filled with ceramic fibers, and the ends of the arc-shaped liners are equipped with hydraulic jacking interfaces.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The anti-coking lining structure of this pyrolysis furnace can scrape off coking material in real time by driving the lateral movement of the mounting rod through a servo motor, avoiding the accumulation of coking layer and maintaining stable heat transfer performance of the furnace wall. The reciprocating oscillating movement also makes the cleaning coverage wide. Combined with the rotation of the furnace body, it can achieve all-round cleaning while repeatedly scraping multiple times, resulting in better cleaning effect. 2. The anti-coking lining structure of this pyrolysis furnace adopts a composite structure with excellent high-temperature resistance. The interlayer filling material can absorb thermal expansion stress, making the lining structure more stable. At the same time, it is assembled by modular arc-shaped lining plates, and local damage can be replaced individually without the need for overall disassembly, reducing maintenance costs and improving disassembly and assembly efficiency, thus improving practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of this utility model. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the internal structure of this utility model. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a side view of the internal structure of the furnace body of this utility model. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the mounting rod structure of this utility model. Figure 5 This utility model is shown. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the outer cover structure of this utility model.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 11. Bearing seat; 12. Support wheel; 2. Furnace body; 3. Fixed top cover; 4. Sealing cover; 5. Feed hopper door; 6. Mounting rod; 61. Outer cover; 62. Notched gear; 63. Servo motor; 64. Stop; 65. Connecting spring; 7. Cleaning scraper; 8. Arc-shaped liner. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Please see Figures 1-6The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace in this embodiment includes a base 1 and a furnace body 2 installed on the upper end of the base 1. The furnace body 2 and the base 1 are rotatably connected by an installation sleeve. Support members are provided on both sides of the upper end of the base 1. A fixed top cover 3 is fixedly installed on the left end of the base 1 by a bracket. The fixed top cover 3 is rotatably connected to one end of the furnace body 2. A sealing cover 4 is provided on the other end of the furnace body 2. A flue gas pipe and a discharge pipe are respectively provided on both sides of the surface of the sealing cover 4. A feed hopper door 5 is provided on the surface of the fixed top cover 3. An installation rod 6 is installed on both the upper and lower ends of the fixed top cover 3. A cleaning scraper 7 is provided on the surface of the installation rod 6 located on the inner side of the furnace body 2. A drive assembly is provided on one end of the installation rod 6 extending to the outer side of the fixed top cover 3. The drive assembly is used to drive the installation rod 6 to swing laterally. An inner lining sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body 2. In this embodiment, the inner liner is composed of annularly arrayed arc-shaped liner plates 8. The arc-shaped liner plates 8 use high-alumina refractory bricks as the hot surface layer, and the backing surface of the arc-shaped liner plates 8 uses aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board. The interlayer is filled with ceramic fiber blanket for expansion compensation. Each arc-shaped liner plate 8 is connected to the furnace shell by anchoring nails. Expansion joints are reserved between the arc-shaped liner plates 8. The expansion joints are filled with ceramic fiber, and the ends of the arc-shaped liner plates 8 are provided with hydraulic jacking interfaces.

[0018] It should be noted that the support includes a bearing seat 11 fixedly installed on the surface of the base 1, and a support wheel 12 is rotatably installed on the bearing seat 11 via a shaft. The support wheel 12 is attached to both sides of the lower end of the furnace body 2.

[0019] In this embodiment, the inner liner is fitted to the inner wall of the furnace body 2 for protection. By opening the feed hopper door 5, waste plastic can be put into the furnace body 2 to achieve pyrolysis production. After pyrolysis, the internal material is naturally cooled and discharged through the discharge pipe. The cleaning scraper 7 can clean the surface of the inner liner to prevent coking. The furnace body can rotate slowly. The rotation of the furnace body 2 is powered by a drive device, which uses gears and gear rings to form a drive. The gears are connected to the output end of the drive device, and the gear ring is fixedly installed on the surface of the furnace body 2 to drive the furnace body 2 to rotate. The drive device operates at low speed to achieve the slow rotation of the furnace body 2.

[0020] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, the end of the fixed top cover 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 2 through a sealed bearing, and a protruding seat is provided on the inner side of the fixed top cover 3. The protruding seat is sleeved with the inner side of the furnace body 2. A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the surface of the protruding seat. A through hole is opened on the surface of the fixed top cover 3 to be sleeved with the mounting rod 6. An airtight component is provided between the mounting rod 6 and the protruding seat. The airtight component is used to seal the sliding track of the mounting rod 6. Nitrogen gas is injected into the airtight component.

[0021] It should be noted that when the furnace body 2 rotates, the fixed top cover 3 is fixed, and the airtight component facilitates the sealing between the protruding seat and the furnace body 2. The airtight component is maintained at 0.3~0.5kPa (slight positive pressure) to ensure that the furnace is an oxygen-free environment.

[0022] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the cleaning scrapers 7 are evenly spaced, and the head of the cleaning scraper 7 is inlaid with a tungsten carbide alloy strip. The contact surface between the head of the cleaning scraper 7 and the arc-shaped liner 8 is designed as an inclined surface. When the mounting rod 6 swings and moves, the cleaning scraper 7 cleans the surface of the arc-shaped liner 8.

[0023] It should be noted that the cleaning scraper 7 can move back and forth, adapting to the rotation of the furnace body, facilitating all-round cleaning and preventing coking. At the same time, the reciprocating motion enables multiple scrapings at a single point, resulting in better cleaning effect.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes an outer cover 61 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the fixed top cover 3. One end of the mounting rod 6 extends into the outer cover 61 and has a toothed groove. A notched gear 62 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the outer cover 61. The notched gear 62 meshes with the toothed groove. A servo motor 63 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the outer cover 61. The output end of the servo motor 63 is fixedly connected to the notched gear 62. The servo motor 63 is used to drive the notched gear 62 to rotate. When the notched gear 62 meshes with the toothed groove, the rotation of the notched gear 62 can drive the mounting rod 6 to move laterally. A stop 64 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the mounting rod 6. A connecting spring 65 is fitted on the outer side of the mounting rod 6. One end of the connecting spring 65 is fixedly connected to the stop 64, and the other end of the connecting spring 65 is fixedly connected to the protrusion. When the notched gear 62 separates from the toothed groove, the elasticity of the connecting spring 65 drives the mounting rod 6 to reset.

[0025] It should be noted that the servo motor 63 drives the notched gear 62 to rotate. The notched gear 62 is a half gear. When the tooth side meshes with the tooth groove, it can drive the mounting rod 6 to move laterally. When the toothless side approaches the mounting rod 6, the mounting rod 6 is not under force and is reset under the action of the connecting spring 65, thus realizing the reciprocating motion. The travel of the mounting rod 6 is related to the circumference of the notched gear 62.

[0026] Based on another embodiment of the drive assembly in this example, a hydraulic drive and a crank-connecting rod mechanism are used. The hydraulic drive is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to the end of the mounting rod 6 through the crank-connecting rod assembly. It is also adapted to a limit switch and a hydraulic control system. The hydraulic station outputs pressure oil to drive the piston rod of the cylinder to extend and retract. The linear motion is converted into the lateral swing motion of the mounting rod 6 through the crank-connecting rod mechanism. This drive assembly has a larger output thrust, which improves the cleaning force and is suitable for thermal cracking production with a high tendency to coke.

[0027] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows: Waste plastic is fed into the feed hopper 5 through the fixed top cover 3. The furnace body 2 rotates slowly on the support wheels 12, so that the material is evenly distributed and heated. During the pyrolysis process, the servo motor 63 drives the notched gear 62 to rotate, thereby driving the mounting rod 6 to move laterally and reciprocate, and driving the cleaning scraper 7 to clean the surface of the arc-shaped liner 8. With the rotation of the furnace body 2, the surface of the inner liner is cleaned in all directions. The mounting rod 6 is fixed to the top cover 3 by airtight parts to form a seal, ensuring that the inside of the furnace body 2 remains sealed. The waste plastic undergoes a thermal pyrolysis process inside the furnace body 2. After the furnace body 2 cools down, the waste plastic is discharged. At the same time, the inner liner inside the furnace body 2 is composed of multiple arc-shaped liners 8 modularly assembled. When the inner liner is damaged, there is no need to replace the whole thing, reducing maintenance time. When replacing the arc-shaped liner 8, it can be disassembled through the hydraulic push interface, which is convenient for operation.

[0028] It should be noted that the control method of this utility model is controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by a person skilled in the art through simple programming. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices. Therefore, this utility model will not explain the control method and circuit connection in detail. At the same time, the maintenance of the mechanical structure in this application is common knowledge.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Anti-coking lining structure of a thermal cracking furnace, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: It also includes a furnace body (2) installed on the upper end of the base (1). The furnace body (2) and the base (1) are rotatably connected by an installation sleeve. Supports are provided on both sides of the upper end of the base (1). A fixed top cover (3) is fixedly installed on the left end of the base (1) by a bracket. The fixed top cover (3) is rotatably connected to one end of the furnace body (2). A sealed cover (4) is provided on the other end of the furnace body (2). A flue pipe and a discharge pipe are respectively provided on both sides of the surface of the sealed cover (4). A feed hopper door (5) is provided on the surface of the fixed top cover (3). An installation rod (6) is installed on both the upper and lower ends of the fixed top cover (3). A cleaning scraper (7) is provided on the surface of the installation rod (6) located inside the furnace body (2). A drive assembly is provided on one end of the installation rod (6) extending to the outside of the fixed top cover (3). The drive assembly is used to drive the installation rod (6) to swing laterally. An inner liner is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body (2). The inner liner consists of an arc-shaped liner (8) arranged in a ring array. The arc-shaped liner (8) uses high-alumina refractory bricks as the hot surface layer. The backing surface of the arc-shaped liner (8) is made of aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board, and the interlayer is filled with ceramic fiber blanket for expansion compensation.

2. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support includes a bearing seat (11) fixedly installed on the surface of the base (1), and a support wheel (12) is rotatably installed on the bearing seat (11) via a shaft. The support wheel (12) is attached to both sides of the lower end of the furnace body (2).

3. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the fixed top cover (3) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the furnace body (2) through a sealed bearing, and a protruding seat is provided on the inner side of the fixed top cover (3). The protruding seat is sleeved with the inner side of the furnace body (2), and a sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the surface of the protruding seat.

4. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed top cover (3) is provided with a through hole that fits into the mounting rod (6), and an airtight component is provided between the mounting rod (6) and the protrusion. The airtight component is used to seal the sliding track of the mounting rod (6), and nitrogen is injected into the airtight component.

5. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning scrapers (7) are evenly spaced, and the head of the cleaning scraper (7) is inlaid with tungsten carbide alloy strips. The contact surface between the head of the cleaning scraper (7) and the arc-shaped liner (8) is designed as an inclined surface. When the mounting rod (6) swings and moves, the cleaning scraper (7) cleans the surface of the arc-shaped liner (8).

6. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes an outer cover (61) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the fixed top cover (3). The surface of one end of the mounting rod (6) extends into the outer cover (61) and has a toothed groove. A notched gear (62) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the outer cover (61). The notched gear (62) meshes with the toothed groove. A servo motor (63) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the outer cover (61). The output end of the servo motor (63) is fixedly connected to the notched gear (62). The servo motor (63) is used to drive the notched gear (62) to rotate. When the notched gear (62) meshes with the toothed groove, the rotation of the notched gear (62) can drive the mounting rod (6) to move laterally.

7. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stop (64) is fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting rod (6), and a connecting spring (65) is fitted on the outside of the mounting rod (6). One end of the connecting spring (65) is fixedly connected to the stop (64), and the other end of the connecting spring (65) is fixedly connected to the protrusion. When the notched gear (62) and the tooth groove are separated, the elasticity of the connecting spring (65) drives the mounting rod (6) to reset.

8. The anti-coking lining structure of the pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single arc-shaped liner (8) is connected to the furnace shell by anchoring nails. Expansion joints are reserved between the arc-shaped liners (8), and the expansion joints are filled with ceramic fibers. The ends of the arc-shaped liners (8) are provided with hydraulic jacking interfaces.

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