A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation

Abstract

The utility model relates to fluidized bed boiler technical field especially relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler of stable operation, including furnace body, shock component, separation tank, feed pipe, cylinder and driving mechanism, set up the air distribution plate in the furnace body, set up the gas guide pipe on the furnace body, shock component sets up on the furnace body and shakes the air distribution plate, separation tank sets up on the furnace body and with the gas guide pipe lead, sets up exhaust pipe, filter assembly and back material pipe on separation tank, feed pipe sets up on separation tank and with its inside intercommunication, the cylinder includes two and all rotation setting separation tank, sets up the material receiving groove on the cylinder, driving mechanism drives two cylinders to rotate under the working condition, the utility model passes through the collaborative optimization of feed, air distribution, separation back material etc. Key link, makes the whole circulating fluidized bed boiler system operation more stable, efficient and reliable, has reduced maintenance frequency and operation cost simultaneously, has the remarkable technological progress and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluidized bed boiler technology, and in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation. Background Technology

[0002] Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers, as a highly efficient and clean combustion technology, are widely used in industrial production and the energy sector. However, existing CFB boilers still face several technical challenges during long-term operation.

[0003] First, in the feeding system, fuel, especially biomass or sticky fuels, is prone to blockage or bridging at the feed inlet, leading to uneven feeding and affecting combustion stability and efficiency. Second, the core air distributor plate of the boiler is easily clogged by ash or sintered materials during operation, disrupting the fluidization state and even causing shutdown for maintenance in severe cases. Furthermore, in the gas-solid separation stage, traditional cyclone separators have limited efficiency in capturing fine particles, and poor return of separated material often occurs, affecting the material balance and combustion efficiency of the circulating fluidized bed. These problems collectively restrict the boiler's operational stability, combustion efficiency, and environmental performance, increasing maintenance costs and operational risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new circulating fluidized bed boiler structure that can achieve stable and continuous feeding, effectively prevent air distributor plate blockage, and improve gas-solid separation and return efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology by proposing a circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: a circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation, including a furnace body, an air distribution plate that slides along its height direction inside the furnace body, and an exhaust port of the furnace body connected to an air guide pipe. The vibration assembly is installed on the furnace body and vibrates the air distribution plate when in operation. A separator is installed on the furnace body and connected to the output end of the gas guide pipe. An exhaust pipe is installed on the separator and communicates with its interior. A filter assembly is installed at the input end of the exhaust pipe. A return pipe is installed on the separator and communicates with its interior cavity and the interior cavity of the furnace body. The feed pipe is installed on the separator and connected to its interior. The cylinder comprises two cylinders that are rotatably disposed inside the separation tank at intervals along the height direction of the separation tank. The outlet of the feed pipe is located between the two cylinders, and a receiving groove adapted to the internal channel of the separation tank is provided on the cylinder. And a drive mechanism, which is set on the furnace body, drives the two cylinders to rotate in the working state.

[0006] Preferably, several telescopic rods are installed inside the furnace body, and the movable end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom surface of the air distribution plate.

[0007] Preferably, the output port of the air guide pipe is located between the filter assembly and the uppermost cylinder, the input port of the return pipe is located below the lowermost cylinder, and the output port of the return pipe is located above the air distribution plate.

[0008] Preferably, when the cylinder is rotating, the receiving trough alternately communicates with the upper and lower chambers of the internal channel of the separator.

[0009] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a transmission component A and a drive component. The transmission component A drives and connects two cylinders, and the drive component drives and connects one of the cylinders. In the working state, the drive component drives the other cylinder to rotate through the transmission component A.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a transmission component B, which drives the vibration component and one of the cylinders.

[0011] Preferably, the input end of the feed pipe is connected to a feed hopper.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: A rotary valve-type precision feeding mechanism is formed by two cylinders controlled by a drive mechanism set inside the separation tank, and the material receiving groove on them. The upper cylinder rotates at a slower speed, while the lower cylinder rotates at a faster speed. This differential speed design effectively guides the fuel, and the cooperation of the two cylinders prevents high-temperature gas and fuel from overflowing from the feed pipe, completely solving the blockage and material overflow problems that easily occur in traditional feeding methods. This ensures a stable, continuous, and controllable delivery of fuel into the furnace, laying a solid foundation for stable combustion. To prevent blockage of the air distribution plate, an innovative combination of a vibration component and a sliding air distribution plate is introduced. The vibration component, such as a linear vibration motor, can periodically or continuously vibrate the air distribution plate at a high frequency and small amplitude, effectively shaking off ash and coking material adhering to the air holes. In terms of gas-solid separation and circulation, the coordinated layout of the separation tank, filter components, and cylinders constitutes a highly efficient multi-stage separation system. The separated solid particles are returned unimpeded to the combustion zone above the furnace via the return pipe, forming a stable and efficient material circulation. This not only significantly improves combustion efficiency and fuel utilization but also effectively reduces pollutant emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separator tank; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cylinder and the drive assembly and the vibration assembly.

[0014] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Furnace body; 2. Telescopic rod; 3. Air distribution plate; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Cam; 6. Air guide pipe; 7. Separator tank; 8. Exhaust pipe; 9. Filter element; 10. Feed pipe; 11. Feed hopper; 12. Cylindrical body; 121. Material receiving trough; 13. Transmission component A; 14. Transmission component B; 15. Drive component; 16. Return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Example 1, as Figures 1-4As shown, this utility model proposes a stable circulating fluidized bed boiler, including a furnace body 1, a vibration assembly, a separation tank 7, a feed pipe 10, a cylinder 12, and a drive mechanism. An air distribution plate 3, which slides along its height, is installed inside the furnace body 1. A guide pipe 6 is connected to the exhaust port of the furnace body 1. Several telescopic rods 2 are installed inside the furnace body 1, with their movable ends connected to the bottom surface of the air distribution plate 3. The vibration assembly is installed inside the furnace body 1 and is, but is not limited to, a linear vibration motor. The body of the linear vibration motor is installed on the outer wall of the separation tank 7, and the output end of the linear vibration motor is inserted into the separation tank 7 and has a clearance fit with the bottom surface of the air distribution plate 3. The vibration assembly vibrates the air distribution plate 3 during operation. The separation tank 7 is installed on the furnace body 1 and is connected to the output end of the guide pipe 6. An exhaust pipe 8, communicating with the interior of the separation tank 7, is installed on the separation tank 7. A filter assembly, including but not limited to a high-temperature resistant filter element 9, is installed at the input end of the exhaust pipe 8. A return pipe 16, connecting the inner cavity of the separation tank 7 to the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, is installed on the separation tank 7. A feed pipe 10 is installed on and communicates with the interior of the separator 7. Two cylinders 12 are rotatably mounted inside the separator 7 at intervals along its height. A mounting shaft is coaxially mounted on each cylinder 12, rotatably connected to the separator 7, with one end of the mounting shaft extending beyond the separator 7. The outlet of the feed pipe 10 is located between the two cylinders 12. The input end of the feed pipe 10 is connected to a feed hopper 11. A receiving groove 121, adapted to the internal channel of the separator 7, is provided on each cylinder 12. A drive mechanism is installed on the furnace body 1. In operation, the drive mechanism drives the two cylinders 12 to rotate. During rotation, the receiving groove 121 alternately communicates with the upper and lower chambers of the internal channel of the separator 7. The drive mechanism includes a transmission assembly A13 and a drive assembly 15. The transmission assembly A13 includes a synchronous pulley A, a synchronous pulley B, and a synchronous belt A. Synchronous pulleys A and B are respectively connected to the ends of their respective mounting shafts extending from the separation tank 7. Synchronous pulleys A and B are connected via synchronous belt A. The transmission assembly A13 drives two cylinders 12. The drive assembly 15 includes, but is not limited to, a servo motor. The servo motor body is mounted on the separation tank 7, and the output end of the servo motor is connected to one of the mounting shafts via a coupling. In operation, the drive assembly 15 drives the other cylinder 12 to rotate via the transmission assembly A13. The output port of the air guide pipe 6 is located between the filter assembly and the uppermost cylinder 12. The input port of the return pipe 16 is located below the lowermost cylinder 12, and the output port of the return pipe 16 is located above the air distribution plate 3.

[0016] It should be noted that the outer diameter of synchronous pulley A is larger than that of synchronous pulley B, so the rotational speed of the upper cylinder 12 is slower than that of the lower cylinder 12.

[0017] In this embodiment, fuel enters the separator 7 through the feed pipe 10. The drive mechanism drives two cylinders 12 to rotate via the transmission assembly A13 and the drive assembly 15 (such as a servo motor). Because the outer diameter of the synchronous pulley A is larger than that of the synchronous pulley B, the upper cylinder 12 rotates slower than the lower cylinder 12. This design ensures uniform fuel descent and metering control. As the cylinders 12 rotate, the receiving trough 121 alternately connects with the upper and lower chambers of the internal channel of the separator 7, thereby regulating the fuel flow rate, preventing blockage, and achieving continuous feeding. The fuel moves downwards under gravity and eventually enters the furnace body 1 through the return pipe 16. Combustion products (including flue gas and solid particles) within the furnace body 1 enter the separator 7 through the exhaust port and the gas guide pipe 6. The output port of the gas guide pipe 6 is located between the filter assembly (such as the filter element 9) and the uppermost cylinder 12. Inside the separator 7, gas and solid particles are separated: solid particles descend due to gravity, while gas rises. A filter assembly (filter element 9) is installed at the inlet of the exhaust pipe 8 to capture fine particles, ensuring that the exhaust gas is clean before being discharged through the exhaust pipe 8. Separated solid particles (including unburned fuel and ash) accumulate at the bottom of the separation tank 7. The inlet port of the return pipe 16 is located below the lowest cylinder 12, and the outlet port is located above the air distribution plate 3. Solid particles return to the combustion zone of the furnace body 1 through the return pipe 16, achieving circulating fluidization. This design improves combustion efficiency and reduces fuel waste. Inside the furnace body 1, the air distribution plate 3 distributes air to fluidize and burn fuel and circulating solid particles. The air distribution plate 3 slides along the height of the furnace body 1 via a telescopic rod 2, the movable end of which connects to the bottom surface of the air distribution plate 3, allowing adjustment of the fluidization state. A vibration assembly (such as a linear vibration motor) is installed inside the furnace body 1, its output end fitting with the bottom surface of the air distribution plate 3. During operation, the vibration assembly periodically vibrates the air distribution plate 3 to prevent ash accumulation and blockage, ensuring stable operation of the fluidized bed. The drive mechanism includes a drive assembly 15 and a transmission assembly A13. The drive assembly 15 (such as a servo motor) is connected to the mounting shaft of one of the cylinders 12 via a coupling, and the transmission assembly A13 (including synchronous pulley A, synchronous pulley B, and synchronous belt A) drives the two cylinders 12. The drive mechanism ensures that the two cylinders 12 rotate synchronously at different speeds. The slower speed of the upper cylinder 12 helps to slowly release unburned fuel and prevents high-temperature, high-pressure gas from descending and overflowing from the feed pipe 10. The faster speed of the lower cylinder 12 promotes rapid fuel descent, optimizing the feeding process.

[0018] Example 2, as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation proposed in this utility model, compared with Embodiment 1, also includes a transmission assembly B14. The transmission assembly B14 includes, but is not limited to, a synchronous pulley C and a synchronous belt B. The vibration assembly adopts, but is not limited to, a transmission shaft 4 and a cam 5. One end of the transmission shaft 4 is inserted into the separation tank 7 and located below the air distribution plate 3. The cam 5 is connected to the transmission shaft 4. The synchronous pulley C is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft 4 that extends out of the separation tank 7. The synchronous pulley C and the synchronous pulley B are connected by the synchronous belt B.

[0019] It should be noted that synchronous pulley B is preferably a double-groove synchronous pulley to separate synchronous belt A from synchronous belt B, and the outer diameter of synchronous pulley B is larger than the outer diameter of synchronous pulley C.

[0020] In this embodiment, the servo motor drives the cylinder 12 to rotate while simultaneously driving the transmission shaft 4 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the cam 5 to rotate at high speed. The cam 5 then vibrates the air distribution plate 3. This structure can reduce the energy consumption of the device.

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation, characterized in that, include: Furnace body (1), an air distribution plate (3) that slides along its height is provided inside the furnace body (1), and an air guide pipe (6) is provided at the exhaust port of the furnace body (1). Vibration assembly, the vibration assembly is installed on the furnace body (1), the vibration assembly vibrates the air distribution plate (3) in the working state. Separator (7), the separator (7) is set on the furnace body (1) and connected to the output end of the gas guide pipe (6). The separator (7) is provided with an exhaust pipe (8) that communicates with its interior. The input end of the exhaust pipe (8) is provided with a filter assembly. The separator (7) is provided with a return pipe (16) that communicates with its interior cavity and the interior cavity of the furnace body (1). The feed pipe (10) is installed on the separator (7) and communicates with its interior; The cylinder (12) comprises two cylinders that are rotatably disposed inside the separation tank (7) at intervals along the height direction of the separation tank (7). The outlet of the feed pipe (10) is located between the two cylinders (12). The cylinder (12) is provided with a receiving groove (121) adapted to the internal channel of the separation tank (7). And a drive mechanism, which is set on the furnace body (1) and drives two cylinders (12) to rotate in the working state.

2. The circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several telescopic rods (2) are installed inside the furnace body (1), and the movable end of the telescopic rod (2) is connected to the bottom surface of the air distribution plate (3).

3. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output port of the air guide pipe (6) is located between the filter assembly and the uppermost cylinder (12), the input port of the return pipe (16) is located below the lowermost cylinder (12), and the output port of the return pipe (16) is located above the air distribution plate (3).

4. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the cylinder (12) is rotating, the receiving trough (121) alternately communicates with the upper and lower chambers of the internal channel of the separator (7).

5. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a transmission component A (13) and a drive component (15). The transmission component A (13) drives and connects two cylinders (12), and the drive component (15) drives and connects one of the cylinders (12). When in operation, the drive component (15) drives the other cylinder (12) to rotate through the transmission component A (13).

6. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission assembly B (14), which drives the vibration assembly and one of the cylinders (12).

7. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with stable operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the feed pipe (10) is connected to the feed hopper (11).

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