Dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of dual-mode laser welding-re-melting integrated equipment, including three-axis motion platform, laser transmission system, dual-mode switching mechanism, laser processing head, wire feeding mechanism, control system etc..Three-axis motion platform is realized accurate three-dimensional motion of laser processing head using servo motor and linear guide rail;Laser transmission system transmits laser beam by quartz optical fiber;Dual-mode switching mechanism uses rotating disc assembly structure, is equipped with welding component and re-melting component, and different components are alternately entered laser light path by servo motor driving rotation;Laser processing head is equipped with collimating lens, focusing lens and protective lens in sequence inside, and lower end is equipped with replaceable nozzle seat;Control system includes numerical control system, electrical control module and operation platform.The utility model can realize the quick automatic switching of two kinds of process modes of laser welding and re-melting on the same equipment, improve processing efficiency and weld quality, reduce equipment investment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser composite processing equipment technology, and in particular to a dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding and laser remelting technologies are widely used in modern manufacturing as advanced materials processing methods. Laser welding has advantages such as concentrated heat input, minimal deformation, and high weld quality, while laser remelting can improve workpiece surface properties, enhance wear resistance, and increase corrosion resistance. Currently, these two processes typically require separate equipment, which not only increases equipment investment costs but also reduces production efficiency.

[0003] Existing laser welding equipment typically employs fixed-focal-length optical systems, which struggle to meet the beam characteristics required for both welding and remelting processes. Welding demands a smaller spot size and higher energy density, while remelting requires a larger spot size and relatively uniform energy distribution. This difference in beam characteristics makes it difficult for a single device to simultaneously meet the needs of both processes.

[0004] Traditional process changeover methods often require manual replacement of optical components or adjustment of the optical path system. This is not only cumbersome but also prone to prolonged equipment downtime, impacting production efficiency. Furthermore, manual adjustments may introduce deviations in the optical system, affecting processing accuracy and quality stability.

[0005] Furthermore, existing equipment often requires changing shielding gas nozzles of different specifications when switching between welding and remelting processes. This not only increases the complexity of process switching but also easily affects processing quality due to improper operation. Simultaneously, the lack of an intelligent control system to coordinate the operation of various functional components makes it difficult to optimize and adjust process parameters. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated equipment with intelligent control functions that enables rapid switching between welding and remelting processes to improve production efficiency, reduce equipment costs, and meet the demands of modern manufacturing for efficient and flexible processing. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment includes a three-axis motion platform, a laser transmission system, a dual-mode switching mechanism 15, a laser processing head 25, a wire feeding mechanism 19, a control system 28, and a protective gas system 30; wherein, The three-axis motion platform is mounted on the machine tool base to support the laser processing head 25 and provide it with degrees of freedom of movement; The laser beam is transmitted from the laser to the fiber optic connector through the fiber optic transmission system, and then reaches the laser processing head 25 through the dual-mode switching mechanism 15. The laser processing head 25 is fixed on a slider in a three-axis motion platform and has a nozzle below it. The laser processing head 25 receives a laser beam from a dual-mode switching mechanism and is connected to a protective gas system 30 through a gas channel. The wire feeding mechanism has a wire guide tube outlet located next to the laser processing head, used to feed the wire to the processing area; the control system 28 includes a numerical control system and an electrical control module, which are connected to various motors and electrical components in the equipment to achieve equipment control.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-axis motion platform includes a machine tool base 1, a Y-axis guide rail 2 mounted on the machine tool base, a Y-axis slider 4 moving along the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis motor 3 driving the Y-axis slider, an X-axis crossbeam 5 mounted on the Y-axis slider, an X-axis guide rail 6 mounted on the X-axis crossbeam, an X-axis slider 7 moving along the X-axis guide rail, an X-axis motor 8 driving the X-axis slider, a Z-axis slider 9 mounted on the X-axis slider, and a Z-axis motor 10 driving the Z-axis slider. Each axis motor is equipped with an encoder 11. The Y-axis guide rail 2 and X-axis guide rail 6 are linear guide rails; the Y-axis motor 3, X-axis motor 8 and Z-axis motor 10 are servo motors.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser transmission system includes a laser 14, an optical fiber transmission system 13, and an optical fiber connector 12. The laser beam is transmitted to a dual-mode switching mechanism 15 through the optical fiber transmission system 13 and the optical fiber connector 12, and then transmitted to the laser processing head 25 after being processed by the dual-mode switching mechanism 15. The optical fiber transmission system 13 uses quartz optical fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the dual-mode switching mechanism 15 includes a rotating disk assembly 33 and a drive system. The rotating disk assembly 33 is a disc structure with a welding component 34 and a remelting component 35 on it. The two components are respectively installed at different positions on the rotating disk assembly 33. The drive system includes a servo motor 17 and a reducer 18. The servo motor 17 drives the rotating disk assembly 33 to rotate through the reducer 18, so that different components alternately enter the laser optical path. The dual-mode switching mechanism 15 is equipped with a sensor 16 for detecting the position of the rotating disk assembly 33.

[0011] Furthermore, the welding component 34 is a focusing lens, and the remelting component 35 is a defocusing lens; the two components are switched by rotating the rotating disk assembly 33.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser processing head 25 is mounted on the Z-axis slider 9 and includes a laser processing head body; inside the laser processing head body, from top to bottom, there are collimating lens 24, focusing lens 23 and protective lens 22; the lower end of the laser processing head 25 is provided with a nozzle seat 21, which is connected to the laser processing head body; the nozzle seat 21 is used to install welding nozzle 26 or remelting nozzle 27.

[0013] Furthermore, the wire feeding mechanism 19 cooperates with the welding wire spool 20; the welding wire spool 20 is used to store welding filler material.

[0014] The control system 28 includes a numerical control system, an electrical control module, and an operating console 29; the electrical control module includes a motor driver, an I / O module, and a communication module; the operating console 29 is equipped with a display screen, operation buttons, and an emergency stop switch.

[0015] Furthermore, the protective gas system 30 includes a protective gas cylinder group and a flow meter; the protective gas is delivered to the welding nozzle 26 or the remelting nozzle 27 through a pipeline system; The laser processing head 25 also includes a gas channel, which is connected to the protective gas system 30, and the outlet of the gas channel is located in the nozzle seat 21.

[0016] Furthermore, the dual-mode switching mechanism 15 is disposed in the laser optical path between the fiber optic connector 12 and the laser processing head 25, and the center of the rotating disk assembly 33 is provided with a laser through hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating disk assembly 33 is supported by bearings; the welded component 34 and the remelted component 35 are symmetrically distributed on the rotating disk assembly 33 and are positioned by locating pins.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensor 16 is a non-contact sensor, which is disposed on the side of the rotating disk assembly 33, and the sensor 16 is connected to the control system 28 via a signal line.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention overcomes the drawback of traditional equipment requiring manual replacement of optical components by setting welding and remelting components on a rotating disk assembly and using a servo motor to drive automatic switching. Precise positioning is achieved through the configuration of sensors and position encoders, ensuring the accuracy of process switching. Furthermore, replaceable welding and remelting nozzles are designed, and an intelligent control system is integrated, enabling rapid switching and precise control of welding and remelting processes, improving processing efficiency and quality stability, and reducing equipment investment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Fig. 1This is a schematic diagram of the dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment structure; Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-mode switching mechanism. The components include: 1. Machine tool base; 2. Y-axis guide rail; 3. Y-axis motor; 4. Y-axis slider; 5. X-axis crossbeam; 6. X-axis guide rail; 7. X-axis slider; 8. X-axis motor; 9. Z-axis slider; 10. Z-axis motor; 11. Encoder; 12. Fiber optic connector; 13. Fiber optic transmission system; 14. Laser; 15. Dual-mode switching mechanism; 16. Sensor; 17. Servo motor; 18. Reducer; 19. Wire feeding mechanism; 20. Welding wire spool; 21. Nozzle holder; 22. Protective lens; 23. Focusing lens; 24. Collimating lens; 25. Laser processing head; 26. Welding nozzle; 27. Remelting nozzle; 28. Control system; 29. ​​Operating table; 30. Protective gas system; 31. Cooling system; 32. Fume and dust removal system; 33. Rotary disk assembly; 34. Welding components; 35. Remelting components. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] Figs. 1-2 As shown, this application relates to a dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment, including a three-axis motion platform, a laser transmission system, a dual-mode switching mechanism 15, a laser processing head 25, a wire feeding mechanism 19, a control system 28, and a protective gas system 30.

[0023] Fig. 1 As shown, the three-axis motion platform includes a machine tool base 1, a Y-axis guide rail 2 mounted on the machine tool base, a Y-axis slider 4 moving along the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis motor 3 driving the Y-axis slider, an X-axis crossbeam 5 mounted on the Y-axis slider, an X-axis guide rail 6 mounted on the X-axis crossbeam, an X-axis slider 7 moving along the X-axis guide rail, an X-axis motor 8 driving the X-axis slider, a Z-axis slider 9 mounted on the X-axis slider, and a Z-axis motor 10 driving the Z-axis slider. Each axis motor is equipped with an encoder 11. The Y-axis guide rail 2 and the X-axis guide rail 6 are linear guide rails. The Y-axis motor 3, the X-axis motor 8, and the Z-axis motor 10 are servo motors.

[0024] The laser transmission system includes a laser 14, an optical fiber transmission system 13, and an optical fiber connector 12. The laser beam is transmitted to a dual-mode switching mechanism 15 through the optical fiber transmission system 13 and the optical fiber connector 12. After being processed by the dual-mode switching mechanism 15, it is transmitted to the laser processing head 25. The optical fiber transmission system 13 uses quartz optical fiber.

[0025] Fig. 2As shown, the dual-mode switching mechanism 15 includes a rotating disk assembly 33 and a drive system. The rotating disk assembly 33 is a disc structure with a welding component 34 and a remelting component 35 on it. The two components are respectively installed at different positions on the rotating disk assembly 33. The drive system includes a servo motor 17 and a reducer 18. The servo motor 17 drives the rotating disk assembly 33 to rotate through the reducer 18, so that different components alternately enter the laser optical path. The dual-mode switching mechanism 15 is equipped with a sensor 16 for detecting the position of the rotating disk assembly 33.

[0026] The laser processing head 25 is mounted on the Z-axis slider 9 and includes a laser processing head body. Inside the laser processing head body, from top to bottom, there are collimating lenses 24, focusing lenses 23 and protective lenses 22. The lower end of the laser processing head 25 is provided with a nozzle seat 21, which is connected to the laser processing head body. The nozzle seat 21 can be used to install welding nozzles 26 or remelting nozzles 27.

[0027] The wire feeding mechanism 19 cooperates with the welding wire spool 20; the welding wire spool 20 is used to store welding filler material.

[0028] The control system 28 includes a numerical control system, an electrical control module, and an operating console 29; the electrical control module includes a motor driver, an I / O module, and a communication module; the operating console 29 is equipped with a display screen, operation buttons, and an emergency stop switch.

[0029] The protective gas system 30 includes a protective gas cylinder group and a flow meter; the protective gas is delivered to the welding nozzle 26 or the remelting nozzle 27 through a pipeline system.

[0030] The wire feeding mechanism 19 includes a wire feeding motor, a wire feeding wheel, and a wire guide tube. The outlet of the wire guide tube is located near the laser processing head 25. The wire feeding motor is electrically connected to the control system 28.

[0031] The outlet diameter of the welding nozzle 26 is smaller than the outlet diameter of the remelting nozzle 27.

[0032] The control system 28 also includes a storage module and a human-machine interaction module. The storage module is connected to the CNC system, and the human-machine interaction module is integrated into the operating console 29.

[0033] The servo motor 17 is equipped with a position encoder, which is electrically connected to the control system 28.

[0034] The dual-mode switching mechanism 15 is set in the laser optical path between the fiber optic connector 12 and the laser processing head 25, and the center of the rotating disk assembly 33 is provided with a laser through hole.

[0035] The laser processing head 25 also includes a gas channel, which is connected to the protective gas system 30, and the outlet of the gas channel is located in the nozzle seat 21.

[0036] The rotating disk assembly 33 is supported by bearings; the welded parts 34 and the remelted parts 35 are symmetrically distributed on the rotating disk assembly 33 and are positioned by locating pins.

[0037] Sensor 16 is a non-contact sensor and is located on the side of the rotating disk assembly 33. Sensor 16 is connected to the control system 28 via a signal line.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment provided in this application is also equipped with a cooling system 31 and a fume extraction and dust removal system 32 to improve the welding quality; the cooling system 31 includes a cooling water tank, a water pump and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is connected to the laser 14.

[0040] The smoke and dust removal system 32 includes a dust collector and a smoke exhaust pipe; the smoke exhaust pipe connects the processing area and the dust collector.

[0041] The welding component 34 is a focusing lens, and the remelting component 35 is a defocusing lens; the two components are switched by rotating the rotating disk assembly 33.

[0042] The specific operation procedures for workpiece welding and remelting using a dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment are as follows: The laser 14 is activated, and the laser beam is transmitted to the dual-mode switching mechanism 15 through the fiber optic transmission system 13 and fiber optic connector 12. The laser power is slowly increased to 2000W and the focusing parameters are adjusted. The control system 28 starts the three-axis motion platform through the operating table 29. The Y-axis motor 3 drives the Y-axis slider 4 to move along the Y-axis guide rail 2 mounted on the machine tool base 1. The Y-axis slider 4 drives the X-axis crossbeam 5 mounted on it to move. The X-axis motor 8 drives the X-axis slider 7 to move along the X-axis guide rail 6 mounted on the X-axis crossbeam 5. The Z-axis motor 10 drives the Z-axis slider 9 mounted on the X-axis slider 7 to move, thereby driving the laser processing head 25 mounted on the Z-axis slider 9 to reach above the workpiece. During the movement, the encoders 11 configured on each axis motor provide real-time position information to the control system 28. At the same time, the servo motor 17 drives the rotary disk assembly 33 to rotate under the action of the reducer 18, so that the welding part 34 enters the laser beam path. After the sensor 16 detects the correct position of the rotary disk assembly 33, it sends a signal to the control system 28. In system 28, the laser beam is processed through the central laser through-hole of the rotating disk assembly 33 of the dual-mode switching mechanism 15 and then transmitted to the laser processing head 25. After being processed by the collimating lens 24, focusing lens 23 and protective lens 22 arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the laser processing head 25, the beam is output through the welding nozzle 26 installed on the nozzle holder 21. At the same time, the wire feeding mechanism 19 feeds the welding wire from the welding wire spool 20 through the wire guide tube into the welding area near the laser processing head 25. The shielding gas system 30 supplies shielding gas to the gas channel outlet in the nozzle holder 21 through the gas channel of the laser processing head 25 to form a protective atmosphere. The heat exchanger of the cooling system 31 provides cooling for the laser 14. The fume extraction and dust removal system 32 removes welding fumes through the fume extraction pipe. After welding is completed, the servo motor 17 drives the rotating disk assembly 33 to rotate so that the remelting component 35 enters the laser beam path. At the same time, the welding nozzle 26 on the nozzle holder 21 is replaced with the remelting nozzle 27. The laser processing head 25 performs remelting treatment on the weld under the feedback control of the encoder 11.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment, characterized in that: It includes a three-axis motion platform, a laser transmission system, a dual-mode switching mechanism (15), a laser processing head (25), a wire feeding mechanism (19), a control system (28), and a protective gas system (30); among which, The three-axis motion platform is mounted on the machine tool base to support the laser processing head (25) and provide it with degrees of freedom of motion; The laser beam is transmitted from the laser to the fiber optic connector through the fiber optic transmission system, and then reaches the laser processing head (25) through the dual-mode switching mechanism (15); The laser processing head (25) is fixed on a slider in a three-axis motion platform and has a nozzle below it. The laser processing head (25) receives a laser beam from a dual-mode switching mechanism and is connected to a protective gas system (30) through a gas channel. The wire feeding mechanism has a wire guide tube outlet located next to the laser processing head, used to feed the wire to the processing area; the control system (28) includes a numerical control system and an electrical control module, which are connected to various motors and electrical appliances in the equipment to realize equipment control.

2. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis motion platform includes a machine tool base (1), a Y-axis guide rail (2) mounted on the machine tool base, a Y-axis slider (4) moving along the Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis motor (3) driving the Y-axis slider, an X-axis crossbeam (5) mounted on the Y-axis slider, an X-axis guide rail (6) mounted on the X-axis crossbeam, an X-axis slider (7) moving along the X-axis guide rail, an X-axis motor (8) driving the X-axis slider, a Z-axis slider (9) mounted on the X-axis slider, and a Z-axis motor (10) driving the Z-axis slider. Each axis motor is equipped with an encoder (11). The Y-axis guide rail (2) and X-axis guide rail (6) are linear guide rails; the Y-axis motor (3), X-axis motor (8) and Z-axis motor (10) are servo motors.

3. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser transmission system includes a laser (14), an optical fiber transmission system (13), and an optical fiber connector (12). The laser beam is transmitted to a dual-mode switching mechanism (15) through the optical fiber transmission system (13) and the optical fiber connector (12), and then transmitted to the laser processing head (25) after being processed by the dual-mode switching mechanism (15). The optical fiber transmission system (13) uses quartz optical fiber.

4. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-mode switching mechanism (15) includes a rotating disk assembly (33) and a drive system. The rotating disk assembly (33) is a disc structure with a welding component (34) and a remelting component (35) on it. The two components are installed at different positions on the rotating disk assembly (33). The drive system includes a servo motor (17) and a reducer (18). The servo motor (17) drives the rotating disk assembly (33) to rotate through the reducer (18), so that different components alternately enter the laser optical path. The dual-mode switching mechanism (15) is equipped with a sensor (16) for detecting the position of the rotating disk assembly (33).

5. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The welding component (34) is a focusing lens, and the remelting component (35) is a defocusing lens; the two components are switched by rotating the rotating disk assembly (33).

6. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser processing head (25) is mounted on the Z-axis slider (9) and includes a laser processing head body. Inside the laser processing head body, from top to bottom, there are collimating lenses (24), focusing lenses (23) and protective lenses (22). The lower end of the laser processing head (25) is provided with a nozzle seat (21), which is connected to the laser processing head body. The nozzle seat (21) is used to install welding nozzles (26) or remelting nozzles (27).

7. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism (19) cooperates with the welding wire spool (20); the welding wire spool (20) is used to store welding filler material; The control system (28) includes a numerical control system, an electrical control module and an operating console (29); the electrical control module includes a motor driver, an I / O module and a communication module; the operating console (29) is equipped with a display screen, operation buttons and an emergency stop switch.

8. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective gas system (30) includes a protective gas cylinder group and a flow meter; the protective gas is delivered to the welding nozzle (26) or the remelting nozzle (27) through a pipeline system; The laser processing head (25) also includes a gas channel, which is connected to a protective gas system (30), and the outlet of the gas channel is located in the nozzle seat (21).

9. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dual-mode switching mechanism (15) is set in the laser optical path between the fiber optic connector (12) and the laser processing head (25), and the center of the rotating disk assembly (33) is provided with a laser through hole.

10. The dual-mode laser welding-remelting integrated equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotating disk assembly (33) is supported by bearings; the welded parts (34) and the remelted parts (35) are symmetrically distributed on the rotating disk assembly (33) and are positioned by locating pins.

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