A plastic recycling granulation crushing device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522612914.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-09
Smart Images
Figure CN224928292U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of plastic crushing technology, specifically a crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of plastic recycling and granulation, crushing the plastic is a crucial step. However, existing plastic crushing devices often have several problems. Some devices use only a single crushing method, crushing the plastic in a single pass. This method makes it difficult to ensure the uniformity of the plastic particles, resulting in some particles being too large and others too small. Oversized particles may cause difficulties in subsequent granulation, affecting product quality; undersized particles may lead to raw material waste.
[0003] Some of the published patents propose a staged crushing technology, which involves crushing plastics multiple times using crushing components of different sizes. However, these technologies have certain drawbacks. Some solutions have complex staged crushing structures with poor coordination between components, resulting in low crushing efficiency. Other solutions lack an effective linkage mechanism for screening and further crushing plastics of different particle sizes during the staged crushing process, leading to unsatisfactory crushing results and failing to meet the requirements of uniform and compliant plastic particle size in plastic recycling granulation. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation, comprising a crushing mechanism mounted on a support frame, the crushing mechanism comprising a first crushing component for pre-crushing the plastic, and a second crushing component mounted below the first crushing component for graded crushing of the pre-crushed plastic.
[0006] The second crushing component includes a grading crushing pipe installed longitudinally below the first crushing component, multiple filter discs arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals along the vertical direction within the crushing channels of the grading crushing pipe, and multiple grading crushing components corresponding to each filter disc, with the filter holes on the end faces of the multiple filter discs gradually decreasing in size from top to bottom.
[0007] Preferably, the grading and crushing component includes multiple crushing rods that are vertically inserted into the grading and crushing pipe and are respectively located above each filter disc, crushing blades that are rotatably disposed on the bottom side of each crushing rod, and a crushing motor disposed on the grading and crushing pipe and driving each crushing rod to rotate.
[0008] Preferably, the second crushing component further includes a vibrating element for controlling the synchronous vibration of multiple filter discs. The vibrating element includes a vibrating rod that passes vertically through the inner wall of the crushing channel, a connecting rod that slides through a vibration groove on the side of the vibrating rod, and a control module that is set on the grading crushing pipe and controls the connecting rod to vibrate up and down in the vibration groove. The side of the connecting rod is connected to different filter discs one by one through multiple connecting blocks.
[0009] Preferably, the control module includes a slider that passes through a limiting slot in the bottom wall of the vibration groove near the top of the vibration rod, an elastic element that is set in the limiting slot and connected to the slider, a rotating column that is set outside the grading and crushing tube and whose end is rotatably connected to the slider, a rotating wheel that is set on the side of the vibration rod and whose side is tangent to the side of the rotating column, driven by a control motor, and a plurality of protrusions arranged in a circumferential array on the side of the rotating wheel. When the elastic element is in the normal elongated state, the side of the rotating column is tangent to the side of the rotating wheel.
[0010] Preferably, the elastic element includes a telescopic rod that passes vertically through the limiting slot and whose two ends are respectively connected to the wall of the limiting slot and the slider, and a limiting spring sleeved on the telescopic rod.
[0011] Preferably, the elastic element includes a telescopic rod that passes vertically through the limiting slot and is connected at both ends to the wall of the limiting slot and the slider, respectively, and magnets fixedly installed at both ends of the telescopic rod, with the opposite ends of the two magnets having the same magnetic poles.
[0012] Preferably, the first crushing component includes a crushing box mounted on a support frame and having a through channel at its top, a feed bin disposed on the top of the crushing box, and two crushing rollers disposed parallel to each other inside the crushing box. The two crushing rollers are driven by a motor and rotate in opposite directions.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the plastic is pre-crushed by the first crushing component, and then graded and crushed by the second crushing component. The filter holes on the end faces of the multiple filter discs in the second crushing component gradually decrease in size from top to bottom. Combined with the grading crushing components, this allows for precise grading and crushing of the plastic particles according to their size, resulting in more uniform particle size and meeting the requirements for raw material particle size in plastic recycling granulation, thus improving product quality. Attached Figure Description
[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0015] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation proposed in this utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first crushing component of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second crushing component of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating component of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control module structure of this utility model.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Crushing box; 3. Feed hopper; 4. Crushing roller; 5. Grading crushing pipe; 6. Crushing channel; 7. Filter disc; 8. Crushing motor; 9. Crushing rod; 10. Crushing blade; 11. Vibrating rod; 12. Vibrating groove; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Control motor; 15. Limiting slot; 16. Telescopic rod; 17. Limiting spring; 18. Rotating wheel; 19. Protrusion; 20. Rotating column. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the embodiments without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0022] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-5 The crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation shown includes a crushing mechanism disposed on a support frame 1. The crushing mechanism includes a first crushing component for pre-crushing the plastic and a second crushing component disposed below the first crushing component for graded crushing of the pre-crushed plastic.
[0023] The second crushing component includes a grading crushing pipe 5 installed longitudinally below the first crushing component, multiple filter discs 7 arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals vertically within the crushing channels 6 of the grading crushing pipe 5, and multiple grading crushing components arranged one-to-one above each filter disc 7, with the filter holes on the end faces of the multiple filter discs 7 gradually decreasing in size from top to bottom.
[0024] In this embodiment, the plastic to be recycled is first poured into the first crushing component of the crushing mechanism installed on the support frame 1. The first crushing component pre-crushes the plastic, breaking larger pieces into smaller pieces. The pre-crushed plastic falls into the crushing channel 6 opened by the grading crushing pipe 5 installed longitudinally below the first crushing component. At this time, the plastic first reaches the position of the uppermost filter plate 7. The filter holes opened on the end face of the filter plate 7 are relatively large. Plastic particles that meet the size of the filter holes of the filter plate 7 will continue to fall through the filter holes, while plastic larger than the filter holes will remain above the filter plate 7. The grading crushing component installed above the filter plate 7 will further crush the plastic remaining above it, making the particles smaller. The plastic particles decrease in size until they can pass through the filter holes of the filter disc 7. The plastic particles that have passed through the top filter disc 7 continue to fall to the next filter disc 7. Since the filter holes on the end faces of the multiple filter discs 7 gradually decrease in size from top to bottom, the filter holes of the next filter disc 7 are smaller than those of the previous one. Therefore, some plastic particles that meet the size of the filter holes of the next filter disc 7 will pass through. Plastic particles larger than the filter holes are intercepted above the filter disc 7 and crushed again by the corresponding grading crushers until they can pass through the next filter disc 7. This process is repeated. After the plastic is screened step by step by multiple filter discs 7 and crushed step by step by the corresponding grading crushers, plastic particles with uniform particle size that meet the requirements for plastic recycling granulation are finally obtained, completing the entire crushing process.
[0025] It is understood that the plastic located on each filter disc 7 can be broken down in various ways. This embodiment provides the following solution:
[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the grading and crushing component includes multiple crushing rods 9 that are vertically inserted into the grading and crushing pipe 5 and are respectively located above each filter disc 7, crushing blades 10 that are rotatably installed on the bottom side of each crushing rod 9, and a crushing motor 8 installed on the grading and crushing pipe 5 and driving each crushing rod 9 to rotate.
[0027] In this embodiment, after the plastic, pre-crushed by the first crushing component, enters the crushing channel 6 of the grading crushing tube 5, it passes through each filter disc 7 in sequence. At this time, the crushing motor 8 installed on the grading crushing tube 5 starts, acting as a power source to drive the multiple crushing rods 9 connected to it to rotate. Since each crushing rod 9 is located above each filter disc 7, the crushing blades 10 installed on its bottom side also rotate as the crushing rods 9 rotate. When larger plastic particles that have not passed through the filter holes of the current filter disc 7 remain on the filter disc 7, the rotating crushing blades 10 will contact these plastic particles and further crush them. After crushing, the plastic particles with smaller particle sizes, if they meet the size requirements of the filter holes of the current filter disc 7, will continue to fall through the filter holes and enter the next stage of crushing and screening. The grading crushing component and the multiple filter discs 7 cooperate with each other to achieve the grading crushing of plastic. The crushing blades 10 above each filter disc 7 crush plastic particles within a specific particle size range intercepted by that filter disc 7, making the crushing process more precise and gradually crushing the plastic particles to the required particle size. By graded crushing, the final plastic granules are more uniform in size, reducing the occurrence of excessively large or small particles. Uniform plastic granules can be better mixed with other raw materials in subsequent granulation processes, improving the quality and performance of the recycled plastic granules and making them more suitable for downstream production requirements.
[0028] Example 2: Regarding the issue of crushing the plastic located on the filter plate 7 in Example 1 above, this example provides the following solution.
[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second crushing assembly also includes a vibrating element that controls the synchronous vibration of multiple filter discs 7. The vibrating element includes a vibrating rod 11 that is vertically inserted through the inner wall of the crushing channel 6, a connecting rod 13 that is slidably inserted through a vibration groove 12 on the side of the vibrating rod 11, and a control module that is set on the grading crushing pipe 5 and controls the connecting rod 13 to vibrate up and down in the vibration groove 12. The side of the connecting rod 13 is connected to different filter discs 7 one by one through multiple connecting blocks.
[0030] In this embodiment, during the operation of the crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation, after the plastic pre-crushed by the first crushing component enters the crushing channel 6 of the grading crushing tube 5, the second crushing component begins to work. The control module is activated, and it precisely controls the connecting rod 13 to cyclically vibrate up and down within the vibration groove 12 on the side of the vibrating rod 11 according to a preset program and parameters. Since the connecting rod 13 is connected to different filter discs 7 one by one through multiple connecting blocks on its side, when the connecting rod 13 vibrates up and down, it will drive each filter disc 7 to vibrate synchronously. This vibration causes the plastic particles stuck on the filter discs 7 to jump and roll, changing the contact state between the plastic particles and the filter discs 7. At the same time, the grading crushing components (such as the crushing rod 9 and crushing blade 10 mentioned above) are also crushing the plastic. The two work together to complete the grading crushing and screening of the plastic. During the plastic crushing process, some small plastic fibers or impurities may clog the filter holes on the filter discs 7, affecting the normal falling and grading screening of plastic particles. The vibration of the vibrating component loosens and dislodges impurities and plastic particles clogging the filter holes, ensuring unobstructed flow and allowing the grading and crushing process to proceed continuously and stably. Furthermore, the vibration of the filter disc 7 causes the plastic particles trapped on it to continuously jump and tumble, increasing the chances of the particles contacting the filter holes. This allows plastic particles that fit the filter hole size to pass through more smoothly into the next stage of crushing and screening, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the grading and screening process.
[0031] It is understandable that the up-and-down vibration of the connecting rod 13 within the vibration groove 12 can be achieved in various ways. This embodiment provides the following solution:
[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the control module includes a slider that passes through a limiting slot 15 in the bottom wall of the vibration groove 12 near the top of the vibration rod 11, an elastic element that is set in the limiting slot 15 and connected to the slider, a rotating column 20 that is set outside the grading crushing tube 5 and whose end is rotatably connected to the slider, a rotating wheel 18 that is set on the side of the vibration rod 11 and whose side is tangent to the side of the rotating column 20, driven by a control motor 14, and a plurality of protrusions 19 arranged in a circumferential array on the side of the rotating wheel 18. When the elastic element is in the normal elongated state, the side of the rotating column 20 is tangent to the side of the rotating wheel 18.
[0033] In this embodiment, when the vibrating component of the second crushing assembly needs to operate, the control motor 14 is started. The control motor 14 drives the rotating wheel 18 to start rotating. Since the side of the rotating wheel 18 is tangent to the side of the rotating column 20, and the end of the rotating column 20 is rotatably connected to the slider passing through the limiting slot 15, the elastic element is connected to the slider and is in a normal extended state. At this time, the system is in an initial equilibrium state. As the rotating wheel 18 continues to rotate, the protrusions 19 arranged in a circular array on its side will contact the rotating column 20 in sequence. When the protrusions 19 contact the rotating column 20, they will apply a downward pressure to the rotating column 20. Since the rotating column 20 is rotatably connected to the slider, and the slider is in the limiting slot 15, this downward pressure will cause the slider to move downward in the limiting slot 15, while compressing the elastic element. The downward movement of the slider drives the rotating column 20 to move downward, which in turn drives each filter disc 7 to vibrate downward through the connecting rod 13. When the protrusions 19 have rotated past the contact point with the rotating column 20, the pressure on the rotating column 20 disappears. At this time, the compressed elastic element releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the slider to move upward within the limiting slot 15. The slider then drives the rotating column 20 to move upward, which in turn causes the filter disc 7 to vibrate upward via the connecting rod 13. This cycle repeats, and as the rotating wheel 18 continues to rotate, the protrusion 19 periodically contacts and separates from the rotating column 20, causing the connecting rod 13 to vibrate up and down cyclically within the vibration groove 12, thereby driving the filter disc 7 to vibrate synchronously.
[0034] For elastic element-connected sliders, this embodiment provides the following two solutions:
[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the first type of elastic element includes a telescopic rod 16 that passes vertically through the limiting slot 15 and whose two ends are respectively connected to the groove wall of the limiting slot 15 and the slider, and a limiting spring 17 sleeved on the telescopic rod 16.
[0036] The second type of elastic element includes a telescopic rod 16 that is vertically inserted into the limiting slot 15 and connected at both ends to the wall of the limiting slot 15 and the slider, respectively, and magnets fixedly installed at both ends of the telescopic rod 16, with the magnetic poles of the two magnets being the same at their opposite ends.
[0037] In this embodiment, the conventional spring-type elastic element (limiting spring 17) in the first type of elastic element compresses or stretches the limiting spring 17 when the slider moves within the limiting slot 15 under external force, generating an elastic restoring force opposite to the direction of the external force, allowing the slider to return to its initial position after the external force is removed. The magnetic elastic element (magnets fixedly installed at both ends of the telescopic rod 16) in the second type of elastic element provides the elastic restoring force to the slider using the repulsive force between two magnets with the same magnetic poles at opposite ends. This non-contact design avoids mechanical friction and wear, improving the service life of the equipment.
[0038] The first crushing component pre-crushes the plastic. This embodiment provides the following solution:
[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first crushing assembly includes a crushing box 2 mounted on a support frame 1 and having a through channel at its top, a feed bin 3 located on the top of the crushing box 2, and two crushing rollers 4 arranged parallel to each other inside the crushing box 2. The two crushing rollers 4 are driven by a motor, and the two crushing rollers 4 rotate in opposite directions.
[0040] In this embodiment, after the motor is started, the two crushing rollers 4 begin to rotate in opposite directions. At this time, the plastic or other materials to be crushed are placed into the feed hopper 3. Under the influence of gravity, the material slides down the feed hopper 3 and enters the space between the two crushing rollers 4 through the through-channel at the top of the crushing chamber 2. Because the two crushing rollers 4 rotate in opposite directions, the material is subjected to compressive and shearing forces from the surfaces of the two crushing rollers 4 as it enters the space between them. Larger material blocks are gradually crushed into smaller particles under the action of these forces. The crushed material falls through the gap between the two crushing rollers 4 and enters the subsequent processing stage. Its main function is to perform preliminary crushing of the material entering the system. Crushing larger plastic blocks into smaller particles creates favorable conditions for subsequent grading and screening, improving the efficiency of the entire crushing and recycling process.
[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A crushing device for plastic recycling and granulation, comprising a crushing mechanism disposed on a support frame (1), characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a first crushing component for pre-crushing plastic and a second crushing component disposed below the first crushing component for graded crushing of the pre-crushed plastic; The second crushing component includes a grading crushing pipe (5) installed longitudinally below the first crushing component, multiple filter discs (7) arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals in the vertical crushing channel (6) of the grading crushing pipe (5), and multiple grading crushing parts arranged one-to-one above each filter disc (7). The filter holes on the end face of the multiple filter discs (7) gradually decrease in size from top to bottom.
2. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading crushing component includes multiple crushing rods (9) that are vertically inserted into the grading crushing tube (5) and are located above each filter disc (7), a crushing knife (10) that is rotatably set on the bottom side of each crushing rod (9), and a crushing motor (8) that is set on the grading crushing tube (5) and drives each crushing rod (9) to rotate.
3. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second crushing component also includes a vibrating element that controls the synchronous vibration of multiple filter discs (7). The vibrating element includes a vibrating rod (11) that passes vertically through the inner wall of the crushing channel (6), a connecting rod (13) that slides through the vibrating groove (12) on the side of the vibrating rod (11), and a control module that is set on the grading crushing pipe (5) and controls the connecting rod (13) to vibrate up and down in the vibrating groove (12). The side of the connecting rod (13) is connected to different filter discs (7) one by one through multiple connecting blocks.
4. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a slider that passes through a limiting slot (15) in the bottom wall of the vibration groove (12) near the top of the vibration rod (11), an elastic element that is set in the limiting slot (15) and connected to the slider, a rotating column (20) that is set outside the graded crushing tube (5) and whose end is rotatably connected to the slider, a rotating wheel (18) that is set on the side of the vibration rod (11) and whose side is tangent to the side of the rotating column (20) by a control motor (14), and a plurality of protrusions (19) arranged in a circumferential array on the side of the rotating wheel (18). When the elastic element is in a normal elongated state, the side of the rotating column (20) is tangent to the side of the rotating wheel (18).
5. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic element includes a telescopic rod (16) that passes vertically through the limiting slot (15) and is connected at both ends to the wall of the limiting slot (15) and the slider, respectively, and a limiting spring (17) sleeved on the telescopic rod (16).
6. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic element includes a telescopic rod (16) that passes vertically through the limiting slot (15) and is connected at both ends to the wall of the limiting slot (15) and the slider, respectively, and magnets that are fixedly installed at both ends of the telescopic rod (16), with the magnetic poles of the two magnets being the same at opposite ends.
7. The crushing device for plastic recycling granulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first crushing assembly includes a crushing box (2) mounted on a support frame (1) and having a through channel at the top, a feed hopper (3) set on the top of the crushing box (2), and two crushing rollers (4) arranged parallel to each other in the crushing box (2). The two crushing rollers (4) are driven by a motor and rotate in opposite directions.