Axial force and stress test bench
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521419447.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing equipment cannot simultaneously and independently apply and precisely control multiple external loads on the same vertical member, and lacks the ability to conveniently adjust the load magnitude at different locations, making it difficult for students to observe and measure the changing patterns of axial force and stress.
An axial force and stress test bench was designed. First and second loading devices were set at the middle and lower ends of the axial force rod, respectively, to apply different loads. The loads were independently adjusted and measured by lever and lifting rod structure, and strain signals were measured by strain gauges.
This allows for the independent application and precise control of loads at different axial positions on the same member. Students can intuitively observe and measure the variation of loads, which improves the effectiveness of teaching experiments, provides reliable data support, and enables a deeper understanding of stress-bearing structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN224934446U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering structural mechanical performance testing and teaching experiment technology, and in particular to an axial force and stress experimental platform. Background Technology
[0002] Axially loaded members are among the most fundamental and common load-bearing components in engineering structures. In teaching fundamental engineering courses such as mechanics of materials and structural mechanics, experimental studies of the mechanical behavior of axially loaded members are necessary. Students need to deeply understand the concepts, distribution patterns, calculation methods, and relationships with deformation of axial force (internal force along the axis of the member) and stress (internal force per unit area) in axially loaded members. However, current experimental and teaching equipment used to assist in the study of axial force and stress in axially loaded members generally suffers from the following deficiencies: 1. Existing equipment is almost entirely incapable of simultaneously and independently applying and precisely controlling multiple external loads at different axial positions on the same vertical member. Students cannot directly observe and measure the changes in axial force and stress of the member when loads of different positions and magnitudes act together, which is precisely the key to understanding stressed structures.
[0003] 2. Even if individual devices allow loading at a certain position, the adjustment of the load size is often limited (e.g., only a few fixed weights are allowed). More importantly, there is a lack of a mechanism that allows for independent and convenient adjustment of the load size at two different positions, making it difficult for students to study systematically. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, this utility model proposes an axial force and stress test bench with multiple loading positions and adjustable loading load.
[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.
[0006] An axial force and stress test bench includes a base, a frame disposed on the base, and an axial force rod vertically disposed on the frame, and further includes: A first loading device is configured to act on the middle portion of the axial force bar to apply a downward first load to the middle portion of the axial force bar; A second loading device is configured to act on the lower end of the axial force bar to apply a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force bar. The axial force bar includes a first mounting area and a second mounting area. The first mounting area extends upward from the middle of the axial force bar, and the second mounting area extends downward from the middle of the axial force bar. The first mounting area and the second mounting area are respectively used to mount strain gauges to measure the strain signals at different positions of the axial force bar.
[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the first loading device includes a lever, one end of which is hinged to the column of the frame, the free end of which extends toward the axial force rod, and the middle part of the lever is hinged to the middle part of the axial force rod. An adjustable counterweight is provided at the free end of the lever.
[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, a vertical through groove is provided in the middle of the lever, the axial force rod passes vertically through the through groove, and the outer wall of the axial force rod and the inner wall of the through groove are in clearance fit.
[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the second loading device includes a mounting base disposed on the base and located below the axial force rod, a loading seat disposed on the mounting base, the loading seat being configured to be able to move up and down relative to the mounting base, and the loading seat being connected to the lower end of the axial force rod for applying a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force rod.
[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the mounting base is provided with a lifting rod, the upper end of the lifting rod passing through the mounting base and connected to the loading seat, the lifting rod and the mounting base are threaded together, and the loading seat is driven to rise and fall by rotating the lifting rod.
[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, a rotating handwheel is provided at the lower end of the lifting rod.
[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, a force gauge is provided between the loading seat and the axial force rod.
[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, a grating digital display scale is provided on one side of the mounting base, and the moving grating scale of the grating digital display scale is rigidly connected to the loading base to detect the displacement of the loading base relative to the mounting base.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this embodiment, by setting up a first loading device and a second loading device, different loads are independently applied at different axial positions (middle and lower end) on the same axial member, satisfying the need to simultaneously and independently apply and precisely control multiple external loads at different axial positions on the same member. Students can intuitively observe and measure the changes in axial force and stress of the member when loads of different positions and sizes act together, effectively solving the shortcomings of existing equipment in this regard, greatly improving the teaching experiment effect, and helping students to deeply understand the key knowledge points of force-bearing structures. At the same time, the first and second mounting areas of the axial member are used to install strain gauges. Through the strain gauges, the strain signals of the axial member at different positions can be accurately measured, providing reliable data for studying the axial force and stress of the axial member. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to help understand the purpose and advantages of this utility model, wherein: Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of another aspect of the present invention.
[0016] The following components are labeled in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Axial rod; 4. First mounting area; 5. Second mounting area; 6. Lever; 7. Counterweight; 8. Mounting seat; 9. Lifting rod; 10. Loading seat; 11. Rotating handwheel; 12. Force gauge; 13. Capacitive digital display scale; 14. Display. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0018] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly used in this specification are defined relative to the construction shown in the accompanying drawings. The terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively. These are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive.
[0019] refer to Figs. 1-2 The present utility model embodiment discloses that: An axial force and stress test bench includes a base 1, a frame 2 mounted on the base 1, and an axial force rod 3 vertically mounted on the frame 2. It further includes: a first loading device configured to act on the middle portion of the axial force rod 3 to apply a downward first load to the middle portion of the axial force rod 3; and a second loading device configured to act on the lower end of the axial force rod 3 to apply a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force rod 3. The axial force rod 3 includes a first mounting area 4 and a second mounting area 5. The first mounting area 4 extends upward from the middle portion of the axial force rod 3, and the second mounting area 5 extends downward from the middle portion of the axial force rod 3. The first mounting area 4 and the second mounting area 5 are respectively used to mount strain gauges to measure strain signals at different positions of the axial force rod 3. By setting the first loading device and the second loading device, different loads can be independently applied at different axial positions (middle and lower end) of the same axial force rod 3, satisfying the requirement of simultaneously and independently applying and precisely controlling multiple external loads at different axial positions on the same rod. Students can directly observe and measure the superposition effect and distribution of axial force and stress in the rod when subjected to loads of different positions and magnitudes. This effectively addresses the shortcomings of existing equipment in this regard, greatly improving the teaching experiment effect and helping students to deeply understand the key knowledge points of stress-bearing structures. Simultaneously, the first mounting area 4 and the second mounting area 5 of the axial force rod 3 are used to install strain gauges. These strain gauges allow for precise measurement of the strain signals of the axial force rod 3 at different positions, providing reliable data for studying the axial force and stress of the axial force rod 3.
[0020] In this embodiment, the first loading device includes a lever 6, one end of which is hinged to the column of the frame 2, the free end of which extends toward the axial rod 3, and the middle part of which is hinged to the middle part of the axial rod 3. An adjustable counterweight 7 is provided on the free end of the lever 6. In this embodiment, by changing the weight of the counterweight 7, the magnitude of the first load acting on the middle part of the axial rod 3 can be conveniently adjusted. Compared with the limited load adjustment method of existing equipment, the operation is more flexible and convenient, and students can more systematically study the influence of different load magnitudes on the axial rod 3.
[0021] The lever 6 has a vertical through slot in the middle, through which the axial force rod 3 passes vertically. The outer wall of the axial force rod 3 and the inner wall of the through slot are in clearance fit. This structural design ensures that the lever 6 can rotate around the hinge point to apply a stable force to the axial force rod 3, while avoiding excessive friction or interference between the lever 6 and the axial force rod 3, thus ensuring the accuracy of experimental data and the stability of the experimental process.
[0022] The second loading device includes a mounting base 8 disposed on the base 1 and located below the axial force rod 3. A loading seat 10 is disposed on the mounting base 8. The loading seat 10 is configured to be able to rise and fall relative to the mounting base 8, and the loading seat 10 is connected to the lower end of the axial force rod 3 to apply a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force rod 3. By raising and lowering the loading seat 10, a downward second load can be applied to the lower end of the axial force rod 3. In conjunction with the first loading device, the loads at different positions of the axial force rod 3 can be adjusted separately, further enhancing the function of the experimental platform and enabling students to comprehensively study the mechanical behavior of the axial force rod 3 under different load combinations.
[0023] Specifically, a lifting rod 9 is provided on the mounting base 8. The upper end of the lifting rod 9 extends out of the mounting base 8 and is connected to the loading seat 10. The lifting rod 9 and the mounting base 8 are connected by a thread. By rotating the lifting rod 9, the loading seat 10 is driven to rise or fall. In this embodiment, the loading seat 10 is controlled to fall, thereby pulling the axial force rod 3 downward, that is, applying a downward load to the axial force rod 3. Of course, the rising or falling position of the lifting rod 9 can be controlled by the threaded connection. The operation of rotating the lifting rod 9 makes it easy for students to control the rise and fall of the loading seat 10, thereby accurately adjusting the magnitude of the second load. At the same time, compared with a complex adjustment mechanism, it is easier for students to understand and operate, thus improving experimental efficiency.
[0024] The lower end of the lifting rod 9 is equipped with a rotating handwheel 11, which provides a more convenient way to rotate the lifting rod 9, allowing students to adjust the position of the loading seat 10 more easily and stably.
[0025] A force gauge 12 is provided between the loading seat 10 and the axial rod 3. Specifically, the force gauge 12 is fixedly mounted on the loading seat 10, and the upper end of the force gauge 12 is hinged to the lower end of the axial rod 3. The force gauge 12 can accurately measure the load applied to the lower end of the axial rod 3 by the second loading device, providing an accurate basis for the collection of experimental data. Students can intuitively obtain the load value, and then combine it with the strain signal measured by the strain gauge to deeply analyze the force and deformation relationship of the axial rod 3.
[0026] A digital scale 13 with a grating is provided on one side of the mounting base 8. The movable scale of the digital scale 13 is rigidly connected to the loading seat 10, and the scale of the digital scale 13 is rigidly connected to the mounting base 8. The movable scale can slide up and down on the scale (the movable scale moves with the loading seat 10), thereby measuring the vertical displacement of the loading seat 10 and detecting the displacement of the loading seat 10 relative to the mounting base 8. This allows students to intuitively understand the lifting and lowering of the loading seat 10, indirectly reflecting the change of the second load. It provides visualized data support for studying the deformation of the axial force rod 3 during the loading process, helping students to more comprehensively understand the experimental process and results.
[0027] In addition, this embodiment also includes an information processor and a display 14, which are electrically connected to the force gauge 12, strain gauge, and capacitive digital display scale 13 in this embodiment. The information processor is configured to receive and quickly process data collected by various sensors, and to analyze, calculate, and convert complex data such as strain signals, load values, and displacement. The display 14 is configured to present the processed data in an intuitive and clear chart or numerical form. Students do not need to manually record and calculate; they can directly observe the data change trend and quickly obtain experimental results. This significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of experimental data processing, reduces the complexity of experimental operations, and further optimizes the teaching experiment experience.
[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. An axial force and stress test bench, comprising a base (1), a frame (2) disposed on the base (1), and an axial force rod (3) vertically disposed on the frame (2), characterized in that, Also includes: A first loading device is configured to act on the middle of the axial force bar (3) to apply a downward first load to the middle of the axial force bar (3); The second loading device is configured to act on the lower end of the axial force bar (3) to apply a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force bar (3); The axial force bar (3) includes a first mounting area (4) and a second mounting area (5). The first mounting area (4) extends upward from the middle of the axial force bar (3), and the second mounting area (5) extends downward from the middle of the axial force bar (3). The first mounting area (4) and the second mounting area (5) are respectively used to install strain gauges to measure the strain signals at different positions of the axial force bar (3).
2. The axial force and stress experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first loading device includes a lever (6), one end of which is hinged to the column of the frame (2), the free end of which extends toward the axial force rod (3), and the middle part of the lever (6) is hinged to the middle part of the axial force rod (3). An adjustable counterweight (7) is provided on the free end of the lever (6).
3. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lever (6) has a vertical through groove in the middle, the axial rod (3) passes through the through groove vertically, and the outer wall of the axial rod (3) and the inner wall of the through groove are in clearance fit.
4. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second loading device includes a mounting base (8) disposed on the base (1) and located below the axial force rod (3), a loading seat (10) disposed on the mounting base (8), the loading seat (10) being configured to be able to move up and down relative to the mounting base (8), and the loading seat (10) being connected to the lower end of the axial force rod (3) for applying a downward second load to the lower end of the axial force rod (3).
5. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base (8) is provided with a lifting rod (9). The upper end of the lifting rod (9) passes through the mounting base (8) and is connected to the loading seat (10). The lifting rod (9) and the mounting base (8) are connected by a thread. By rotating the lifting rod (9), the loading seat (10) is driven to rise and fall.
6. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating handwheel (11) is provided at the lower end of the lifting rod (9).
7. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A force gauge (12) is provided between the loading seat (10) and the axial force rod (3).
8. The axial force and stress test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A grating digital display scale (13) is provided on one side of the mounting base (8). The moving grating scale (13) is rigidly connected to the loading base (10) to detect the displacement of the loading base (10) relative to the mounting base (8).