A new single hot line power taking system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel single fire line power taking system, including series connection's switch circuit and bulb circuit, switch circuit includes first fuse, electric capacity C1, AC DC rectifier bridge, DC DC voltage reducing module and wireless transmitting module, bulb circuit includes second fuse, electric capacity C2, AC DC power adapter, has wireless receiving module and bulb in relay, and bulb is parallelly connected with electric capacity C2, AC DC power adapter, and the voltage distribution of switch circuit and bulb circuit is carried out through the capacitance ratio of configuration electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2. The utility model relates to single fire line power taking technical field, and specifically is used for solving the problem of the application power of prior art is limited, and the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the problem of the

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of single-wire power supply technology, specifically a novel single-wire power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In smart switch power supply scenarios, single-live-wire power supply circuits are commonly used to draw power from switch locations without a neutral wire to power the smart switch. Existing technologies typically employ a live-wire continuity tester at the switch location and a neutral wire generator at the light bulb location to achieve single-live-wire power supply. However, this technology has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. Only supports bulbs with a power of less than 400W and smart switches with a power of less than 20W;

[0004] 2. It generates a lot of heat during power extraction, so it can only be used in smart switches and cannot be adapted to other low-voltage smart products;

[0005] 3. The voltage and current drawn from the circuit are small, making it difficult to meet the power supply needs of various types of electronic devices.

[0006] To address these issues, existing technologies attempt to design the live wire conductor as a PCBA module to adapt to more low-voltage products. However, this improvement does not fundamentally solve the core problems of heat generation and low voltage and current draw of the neutral wire conductor, and still cannot meet the practical application requirements for high power, low heat generation, and wide compatibility. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing technology has limited applicable power, serious heat generation and insufficient power extraction capacity. It provides a new type of single-wire power extraction circuit that is safe and reliable, generates less heat, and has a larger voltage and current extraction capacity.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] This utility model proposes a novel single-wire power supply system, which includes a switch circuit and a bulb circuit connected in series.

[0010] The switching circuit includes a first fuse F1, a capacitor C1 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC rectifier bridge, a DC-DC step-down module for converting the voltage into the operating voltage of the electronic device, and a wireless transmission module for transmitting bulb control signals.

[0011] The bulb circuit includes a second fuse F2, a capacitor C2 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC power adapter, and a relay-connected wireless receiver module and a bulb for receiving control signals and controlling the bulb's on / off state. The bulb is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the AC-DC power adapter.

[0012] Voltage distribution between the switching circuit and the bulb circuit is achieved by configuring the capacitance ratio of capacitor C1 to capacitor C2. The capacitance value of capacitor C1 ranges from 10μF to 1000F, and the capacitance ratio of capacitor C1 to capacitor C2 ranges from 100:9 to 1:1.

[0013] Preferably, the first fuse F1 is connected in sequence to the capacitor C1 and the AC-DC rectifier bridge along the current flow direction. The output terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down module, the output terminal of the DC-DC step-down module is connected to the power supply terminal of the wireless transmission module, and the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the AC-DC rectifier bridge.

[0014] The capacitor C1 has a withstand voltage of ≥450V.

[0015] Preferably, the second fuse F2 is connected to capacitor C2, and capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the input terminal of the AC-DC power adapter and the power terminal of the bulb. The output terminal of the AC-DC power adapter is connected to the power terminal of the wireless receiver module with relay.

[0016] The capacitor C2 has a withstand voltage of ≥450V.

[0017] Preferably, the input terminal of the switch circuit is connected to the mains live wire (main electrical box live wire), and the output terminal of the bulb circuit is connected to the mains neutral wire (main electrical box neutral wire). The system supports a maximum bulb power of 1000W.

[0018] Preferably, the DC-DC step-down module can be replaced with modules of different output specifications according to the voltage and current requirements of the external electronic device.

[0019] Preferably, the input voltage range of the AC-DC power adapter is 100V to 240VAC, and the output voltage is 12VDC. The output terminal of the AC-DC power adapter is connected to the power supply pin (VCC) and ground pin (GND) of the wireless receiver module with relay, so as to provide working power for the wireless receiver module with relay.

[0020] Preferably, the bulb circuit further includes a varistor (MOV) connected in parallel between the second fuse F2 and the capacitor C2 to suppress surge voltage in the mains power and protect the components of the bulb circuit.

[0021] The present invention proposes a novel single-wire power supply system, and the beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above solution are as follows:

[0022] 1. Voltage distribution is achieved through capacitor value matching, replacing the existing technology of heating power extraction using live / neutral wire generators. Capacitors generate only reactive power in AC circuits and generate almost no heat, reducing system heat at its source. This completely eliminates the risk of overheating in switch boxes and lighting fixture boxes, while also preventing component aging due to high temperatures and extending system lifespan.

[0023] 2. It can provide voltage and current of 5V and above 700mA to meet the power supply needs of smart switches and various low-voltage smart products, breaking through the limitation of existing technologies that can only be adapted to smart switches.

[0024] 3. It supports bulbs with a maximum power of 1000W, far exceeding the 400W limit of existing technologies, and has a wide range of applicable power.

[0025] 4. The AC-DC rectifier bridge and DC-DC step-down module of the switching circuit can be adjusted or replaced according to the needs of electronic equipment; and regardless of whether the bulb is on or off, the voltage divider circuit of capacitors C1 and C2 is always conducting, and the AC-DC rectifier bridge and AC-DC power adapter are continuously powered, which does not affect the power supply of the two circuits. It has high stability and strong adaptability to different scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a novel single-wire power supply system proposed in this application.

[0028] Figure 2 An embodiment of a circuit diagram provided for this system;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the switching circuit.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit composition of a light bulb;

[0031] Among them, 101 is the switch circuit, and 102 is the bulb circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the attached diagram, while the terms “inside” and “outside” refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses a novel single-wire power supply system, including a switch circuit 101 and a bulb circuit 102 connected in series. Both are equipped with 220V 3A fuses to achieve overcurrent protection, forming a complete current loop of "mains live wire → switch circuit 101 → bulb circuit 102 → mains neutral wire".

[0036] The switching circuit 101 includes a first fuse, a capacitor C1 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC rectifier bridge, a DC-DC step-down module for converting voltage into the operating voltage of electronic devices, and a wireless transmission module for transmitting bulb control signals.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the composition and connection relationship of the switching circuit 101 are as follows:

[0038] Input terminal: The mains live wire (main electrical box live wire) is first connected to the first fuse (F1, 220V 3A), which is used to blow when the switch circuit 101 is overcurrent, protecting the subsequent components.

[0039] Voltage distribution unit: The output terminal of the first fuse (F1) is connected to capacitor C1 (10μF~1mF / 450V). The other end of capacitor C1 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the AC input terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge, and the other path is directly connected to the other AC input terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge (i.e., capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the AC-DC rectifier bridge). The core function of capacitor C1 is to achieve reasonable distribution of mains voltage by cooperating with capacitor C2 of bulb circuit 102 through capacitive reactance characteristics.

[0040] Rectifier Unit: The AC-DC rectifier bridge is a bridge structure (containing four Schottky diodes D1, which form two sets of series branches. The two sets of series branches are connected in parallel to form the AC input terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge. The midpoints of the two sets of series branches form the DC positive output terminal and DC negative output terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge, respectively). Its AC input terminal is connected in parallel with capacitor C1, and its DC output terminal (positive and negative) is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC step-down module. It is used to rectify the AC voltage (e.g., 20-80VAC) distributed by capacitor C1 into high-voltage DC (e.g., 28-113V DC).

[0041] Step-down and power supply unit: The input terminal of the DC-DC step-down module (including input capacitor Cin, inductor L1, feedback resistor FB, output capacitor Co, and control chip P3596-5.0V) is connected to the DC output of the AC-DC rectifier bridge, and the output terminal outputs a low-voltage DC power of 5V / 3A, which is connected to the power supply terminal of the wireless transmitter module and the external low-voltage intelligent device (such as a smart switch) to provide a stable power supply; the DC-DC step-down module can be replaced with modules of different output specifications according to the voltage and current requirements of the external electronic device.

[0042] Control signal transmitting unit: The wireless transmitting module includes a button unit and a wireless transmitting chip. After the button unit is triggered, the wireless transmitting chip sends a "light on" / "light off" wireless signal (such as Bluetooth 4.0, ZigBee protocol) to control the on / off state of the bulb circuit 102.

[0043] The bulb circuit 102 includes a second fuse, a capacitor C2 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC power adapter, and a relay-connected wireless receiver module and a bulb for receiving control signals and controlling the bulb's on / off state. The bulb is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the AC-DC power adapter.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the composition and connection relationship of the bulb circuit 102 are as follows:

[0045] Input terminal: The output terminal of the switching circuit 101 is connected to the second fuse (F2, 220V 3A), which is used to blow the bulb circuit 102 when there is an overcurrent (such as a short circuit in the bulb) to protect the subsequent components;

[0046] Surge protection unit: A varistor (MOV) is connected in parallel to the output of the second fuse F2. The other end of the varistor (MOV) is connected to the subsequent circuit to suppress surge voltage in the mains power (such as overvoltage caused by lightning strikes or power grid fluctuations) and prevent damage to components such as AC-DC power adapters and light bulbs.

[0047] Voltage Distribution and Load Unit: The output of the varistor (MOV) is divided into three paths: the first path is connected to capacitor C2 (capacitance matching C1, withstand voltage ≥450V), the second path is connected to the input of the AC-DC power adapter, and the third path is connected to one end of the light bulb; the other end of capacitor C2, AC-DC power adapter, and light bulb are all connected to the mains neutral line (main power box neutral line), that is, the three are connected in parallel. The core function of capacitor C2 is to cooperate with capacitor C1 of switch circuit 101 to achieve voltage distribution through capacitive reactance voltage division;

[0048] Furthermore, the switch circuit 101 and the bulb circuit 102 are connected in series. The switch circuit 101 requires a wireless transmitter module to control the bulb's on / off state. Therefore, in the switch circuit 101, the capacitor is connected in parallel with the AC-DC rectifier bridge. In the bulb circuit 102, the bulb, capacitor, and AC-DC power adapter are connected in parallel, and the bulb is controlled by a relay-equipped receiver module. Whether the bulb is on or off does not affect the power supply to the switch circuit 101 and the bulb circuit 102.

[0049] Control signal receiving and execution unit: The AC-DC power adapter has an input of AC voltage (e.g., 140VAC) and an output of 12V DC. Its output terminal is connected to the power supply terminal (VCC, GND) of the wireless receiver module with relay. The wireless receiver module with relay contains a wireless receiver chip and a relay body. The wireless receiver chip can receive signals from the wireless transmitter module and drive the normally open contact (NO) and common contact (COM) of the relay body to switch on and off. When the relay is closed, the bulb is powered on and lit; when the relay is open, the bulb is powered off and extinguished.

[0050] Capacitive reactance X C =1 / 2πfC, where f is the mains frequency (50Hz in China); C is the capacitance value. At the same frequency, capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to capacitance value.

[0051] The capacitor C1 in the switching circuit 101 and the capacitor C2 in the bulb circuit 102 are connected in series in the mains circuit. The capacitive reactance of the two capacitors determines their respective voltage distribution.

[0052]

[0053] In the above formula, U1 is the voltage distributed by C1, U2 is the voltage distributed by C2, and U1 + U2 = 220VAC;

[0054] By setting the capacitance ratio of C1 to C2 (100:9 to 1:1), U1 (20 to 80VAC, compatible with AC-DC rectifier bridge input) and U2 (140 to 200VAC, compatible with light bulbs and AC-DC power adapter input) can be precisely controlled. At the same time, the capacitors consume almost no active power, which solves the heat generation problem of traditional resistor voltage division from the root.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, C1 ≥ C2, the value of C1 ranges from 10μF to 1mF, and the capacitance ratio of C1 to C2 ranges from 100:9 to 1:1. The value of C1 affects the voltage of the bulb circuit, and the value of C2 affects the voltage of the switching circuit. The voltage distribution between the switching circuit 101 and the bulb circuit 102 is achieved by configuring the capacitance ratio of C1 and C2. Similarly, the ratio of C1 to C2 is inversely proportional to the voltage values ​​of the switching circuit and the bulb. The maximum bulb power supported is 1000W.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Based on Example 1, the external device is a smart switch + wireless temperature and humidity sensor, with an operating voltage of 5V and a total power of ≤10W. Capacitor C1: 100μF / 450V, capacitor C2: 45μF / 450V.

[0058] The specific work process is as follows:

[0059] S1 standby mode, i.e., when the bulb is off:

[0060] The 220VAC mains power enters the switching circuit 101 through F1. C1 and C2 work together to divide the voltage, with C1 distributing 80VAC and C2 distributing 140VAC.

[0061] The AC-DC rectifier bridge rectifies 80VAC to 113V DC, which is input to the DC-DC step-down module. The DC-DC step-down module outputs 5V / 3A to power the wireless transmitter module, smart switch, and wireless temperature and humidity sensor. At this time, the smart switch displays "standby" and the wireless temperature and humidity sensor collects and uploads data normally.

[0062] The AC-DC power adapter converts 140VAC to 12V DC to power the wireless receiver module with a relay. The relay is in the "off" state (COM and NO are not conducting), so no current flows through the bulb, keeping it off.

[0063] The wireless transmitter module maintains a Bluetooth connection with the wireless receiver module with a relay, waiting for a control signal.

[0064] S2 headlight switching process:

[0065] Press the "Turn on" button on the smart switch, and the smart switch will trigger the wireless transmission module to send a "Turn on" Bluetooth signal;

[0066] The wireless receiver module with relay receives the "lights on" signal. After the internal wireless receiver chip analyzes the signal, it outputs a drive current to the relay coil.

[0067] When the relay coil is energized, it generates a magnetic field that attracts the armature, causing the "COM" contact to conduct with the "NO" contact. The "live wire" of the light bulb is connected to the mains live wire through the COM-NO contact, and the "neutral wire" is connected to the mains neutral wire, thus energizing the light bulb and lighting it up.

[0068] At this time, the voltage division state of capacitors C1 and C2 remains unchanged (still 80V / 140V), the DC-DC step-down module and AC-DC power adapter continue to supply power, and the smart switch and sensor continue to work normally.

[0069] S3 Lights off process:

[0070] Press the "Turn off" button on the smart switch, and the wireless transmission module will send a "Turn off" Bluetooth signal.

[0071] The wireless receiver module with relay receives the "lights off" signal, the relay coil is de-energized, the armature is reset, the "COM" and "NO" contacts open, and the light bulb is de-energized and turns off;

[0072] The voltage divider circuit of capacitors C1 and C2 remains conductive, the DC-DC step-down module and AC-DC power adapter continue to supply power, the smart switch displays "standby", and the sensor continues to work, achieving "uninterrupted power supply even when lights are off" (solving the offline problem of existing smart devices).

[0073] The core of this application lies in using capacitor value ratios to distribute voltage in the circuit, thereby extracting the operating voltage required by the electronic device. The extracted voltage can be converted into the operating voltage required by the electronic device through a rectifier bridge and a DC-DC step-down module. The rectifier bridge and DC-DC step-down module can be adjusted or replaced according to the specific needs of the electronic device, thus meeting the voltage and current requirements of different electronic products.

[0074] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, material, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, material, or apparatus.

[0075] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0076] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel single-wire power supply system, comprising a switch circuit (101) and a bulb circuit (102) connected in series, characterized in that: The switching circuit (101) includes a first fuse F1, a capacitor C1 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC rectifier bridge, a DC-DC step-down module for converting voltage into the operating voltage of electronic devices, and a wireless transmission module for transmitting bulb control signals. The bulb circuit (102) includes a second fuse F2, a capacitor C2 for voltage distribution, an AC-DC power adapter, and a relay-connected wireless receiver module and a bulb for receiving control signals and controlling the bulb's on / off state. The bulb is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 and the AC-DC power adapter. Voltage distribution is performed on the switch circuit (101) and the bulb circuit (102) by configuring the capacitance ratio of capacitor C1 and capacitor C2. The capacitance value of capacitor C1 is in the range of 10μF-1mF, and the capacitance ratio of capacitor C1 to capacitor C2 is in the range of 100:9-1:

1.

2. The novel single-wire power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fuse F1 is connected in sequence to capacitor C1 and AC-DC rectifier bridge along the current flow direction. The output terminal of the AC-DC rectifier bridge is connected to the input terminal of DC-DC step-down module. The output terminal of DC-DC step-down module is connected to the power supply terminal of wireless transmission module. The capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with AC-DC rectifier bridge. The capacitor C1 has a withstand voltage of ≥450V.

3. A novel single-wire power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second fuse F2 is connected to capacitor C2, which is connected in parallel with the input terminal of the AC-DC power adapter and the power terminal of the bulb. The output terminal of the AC-DC power adapter is connected to the power terminal of the wireless receiver module with relay. The capacitor C2 has a withstand voltage of ≥450V.

4. A novel single-wire power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input terminal of the switch circuit (101) is connected to the mains live wire, and the output terminal of the bulb circuit (102) is connected to the mains neutral wire. The system supports a maximum bulb power of 1000W.

5. A novel single-wire power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC-DC step-down module can be replaced with modules of different output specifications according to the voltage and current requirements of the external electronic devices.

6. A novel single-wire power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The AC-DC power adapter has an input voltage range of 100V to 240VAC and an output voltage of 12V DC. The output terminal of the AC-DC power adapter is connected to the power pin and ground pin of the wireless receiver module with relay, providing working power to the wireless receiver module with relay.

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