Device and method for producing spokes

Abstract

Device (1) for producing spokes (100), in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers (200), with at least one forming device (2) for forming a wire material (3), comprising at least one forming tool (4) acting on at least one processing section (13) of the wire material (3) and at least one actuating device (5) for actuating the forming tool (4), characterized in that the forming tool (4) comprises at least four tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) and in that the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to allow the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) to act in pairs on the processing section (13) of the wire material (3) in a forming manner.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and a method for producing spokes, in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers. The device comprises at least one forming device for forming a wire material.

[0002] Durable and reliable spokes are an essential feature of high-quality bicycle wheels. In addition to spoke wire, some spokes are also made of non-metallic materials, such as fiber-reinforced plastics. However, metallic wire spokes still offer many advantages over spokes made of other materials and therefore offer excellent opportunities for building lightweight and durable wheels, especially for sports bikes.

[0003] For metal spokes, reducing the spoke wire to different diameters is a particularly important step, as this can result in significant weight savings. The process and machines used are crucial, as they significantly impact the durability and stability of the spokes. For example, drawing the spoke wire, as described in DE 466 866, tends to be detrimental to the material structure and thus also to its load-bearing capacity. Reducing machines, which reduce the diameter by hammering, have proven particularly advantageous. This improves the toughness of the wire material and increases the spoke's load-bearing capacity.

[0004] State-of-the-art machines have enabled the reliable production of heavy-duty spokes for decades. However, these machines and processes require a very long production time and are therefore expensive. Increasing throughput by increasing the feed rate and impact rate, or reducing speed, generally has a negative impact on quality and dimensional accuracy with existing machines. Therefore, improving the cost-effectiveness of spoke production is not meaningfully possible with current machines.

[0005] It is therefore the object of the present invention to make the production of spokes, in particular of high quality, more economical.

[0006] This object is achieved by a device for producing spokes having the features of claim 1, by a device according to claim 20, and by a method having the features of claim 21. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the exemplary embodiment.

[0007] The device according to the invention is used for producing spokes. The device according to the invention comprises at least one forming device for forming a wire material. The forming device comprises at least one forming tool acting on at least one processing section of the wire material. The forming device comprises at least one actuating device for actuating the forming tool. The forming tool comprises at least four tool units. The actuating device is suitable and designed to allow the tool units to actuate the processing section of the wire material in pairs.

[0008] The device according to the invention has many advantages. A significant advantage is that at least four tool units are provided, with which the wire material is formed in pairs. This allows for significantly faster processing of the wire material. At the same time, the quality standard can be maintained or even improved. In the production of spokes, a significantly higher throughput of high-quality spokes can be achieved. This enables the economical production of high-quality wire spokes.

[0009] The spokes produced with the device are particularly suitable for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers, and preferably for muscle-powered bicycles. The spokes are also suitable for bicycles that provide muscle-powered assistance, such as pedelecs. The spokes can also be intended for purely electric bicycles. It is also possible for the spokes to be intended for tricycles and / or four-wheeled vehicles, or even motorcycles. The spokes are particularly suitable for tangential and radial lacing.

[0010] The finished spokes can be designed, for example, as round spokes and / or as aerodynamic flat spokes. The spoke shafts can be reduced to different diameters and can be designed, for example, as single-thickness, double-thickness, and / or 3D spokes. The wire material is, in particular, a spoke wire, and preferably a metallic wire or a spoke wire made of a metallic wire. Within the scope of the present invention, the term "wire material" can preferably be replaced by the term "spoke wire." Suitable metal materials are used as the material, such as steel, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and / or composite materials.

[0011] The actuating device is particularly suitable and designed to allow two of the at least four tool units to jointly act on the processing section of the wire material in a forming manner. During the forming process, the forming tool acts, in particular, directly and / or immediately on the wire material. In particular, the forming tool touches the wire material at least temporarily during the forming process.

[0012] Particularly preferably, the actuating device is suitable and configured to simultaneously actuate a pair consisting of two tool units each. Such a forming process, in which two tool units act on the wire material simultaneously, enables particularly uniform and precise shaping of the spokes. However, it is also possible to provide a temporal offset for the actuation of the tool units of a pair. Furthermore, it is possible for a "pair" to comprise at least three or four or a plurality of tool units.

[0013] It is also particularly preferred that the tool units operated in pairs be arranged opposite one another. Such a configuration has the advantage that the tool units of the pair serve as mutual abutments. However, it is also possible for the tool units operated in pairs to be arranged in a different manner. For example, the tool units can be offset from one another at a certain angle or arranged side by side. With such an arrangement, it is preferred that an abutment suitable for shaping, for example an anvil, is located opposite the respective tool unit.

[0014] The actuating device is particularly preferably suitable and designed to have another pair consisting of two tool units not engaged or to keep them disengaged while one pair is being actuated. This means that the other pair is unactuated or is held engaged in an unactuated manner at the same moment that a pair is being actuated. In particular, the actuating device is suitable and designed to position the unactuated or unactuated engaged tool units for future actuation. Such an unactuated engagement is characterized in particular in that the tool units do not have a forming effect on the wire material and preferably do not have direct contact with the wire material. In particular, the unactuated tool units are arranged at a distance from the wire material.This has the advantage that the operated tool units have an enlarged access area to the wire material and can therefore act over a larger area.

[0015] The actuating device is preferably suitable and designed to alternately actuate the pairs. In particular, the actuating device is suitable and designed to move one pair from an actuated to an unactuated state or engagement and, in particular, to simultaneously move the other pair from an unactuated state or engagement to an actuated state or engagement. Such a configuration enables a particularly high throughput, since the dead time occurring after an actuation has occurred until the next actuation is significantly shortened. During the dead time of one pair, the other pair can already be actuated for forming. This enables continuous processing.

[0016] In all embodiments, it is preferred that the actuating device is suitable and configured to rotate the tool units about a longitudinal axis of the wire material. The actuating device is preferably suitable and configured to displace the tool units along the circumference. This enables uniform processing along the entire circumference of the wire material.

[0017] The device preferably comprises at least one feed device. The feed device is particularly suitable and designed to move the wire material through the forming device. For example, the wire material can be pulled and / or pushed through the forming device. In particular, the feed device is suitable and designed to move the wire material such that the tool units are aligned in the axial direction along the wire material.

[0018] Preferably, the device is suitable and designed to operate the feed device and the actuating device in a synchronized manner. In particular, the machining in the axial direction depends on the machining along the circumference. In particular, the synchronous operation is designed such that complete and homogeneous forming occurs over the entire circumference and / or the desired length of the wire material. At least one transition between two thickness ranges can be produced with an improved tolerance range.

[0019] The invention not only enables increased processing speed and thus more economical spoke production, but also faster production of improved spokes. Not only is the quantity increased, but the quality is simultaneously improved. The larger number of tool units can lead to a doubled impact rate compared to the prior art. This allows for an overall increased processing speed while maintaining the same or even reducing the impact force of the individual tool units compared to the prior art, for example, while simultaneously achieving an even better microstructure and thus greater durability of the metallic wire material.

[0020] The actuating device comprises, in particular, at least one impact roller device. The impact roller device comprises, in particular, at least a plurality of impact roller units. For example, an impact roller unit comprises at least one impact roller and at least one bearing and / or one axle and / or one shaft. The impact roller device has at least one (in particular at least in the circumferential direction) movable impact roller unit. In particular, the impact roller device comprises at least one and, in particular, a plurality of (in particular at least substantially in the circumferential direction) stationary impact roller units. In particular, the impact roller unit comprises a larger number of (in particular at least substantially in the circumferential direction) stationary impact roller units than movable impact roller units. For example, the stationary impact roller units are arranged in a circle.Inside the circle are located in particular the movable and preferably rotatable impact roller units.

[0021] Consequently, the impact roller device comprises in particular fixed impact roller units and movable impact roller units, wherein preferably a number of movable impact roller units correlates with a number of tool units and in particular corresponds to an integer multiple of the number of movable impact roller units plus two.

[0022] Particularly preferably, each tool unit is assigned at least one impact roller unit. The movable impact roller units, together with the tool units, are arranged to rotate within the circle of stationary impact roller units. The stationary and movable impact roller units are positioned relative to one another such that they at least partially overlap on at least one circumferential line. The movable impact roller units are arranged to be displaceable, in particular in the radial direction. As a result, the movable impact roller units experience a targeted displacement radially inward when passing the stationary impact roller units, which is passed on indirectly and / or directly as an impact to a tool unit arranged even further radially inward. Such an impact roller device enables very uniform and reliable forming of the wire material and a very short processing time.

[0023] Particularly preferably, the forming device comprises four tool units and an actuating device designed as a beating roller device with a plurality of beating roller units that are essentially stationary or fixed in the circumferential direction and of movable beating roller units (in particular rotatable about the spoke wire). The number of rotatable beating roller units preferably correlates with the number of tool units and / or the number of fixed beating roller units. The number of rotatable beating roller units is particularly preferably greater than the number of fixed beating roller units. The number of rotatable beating roller units is preferably an even number. The number of movable beating roller units is preferably not an integer multiple of the number of fixed beating roller units.Particularly preferably, the number of movable impact roller units differs by the number 2 from an integer multiple of the number of fixed impact roller units.

[0024] Preferably, the number of fixed impact roller units is 4 and the number of rotatable impact roller units is greater than or equal to 6. Particularly preferably, the number of rotatable impact roller units is 14.

[0025] In all embodiments, it is also particularly preferred that the forming tool is suitable and designed to reshape the wire material through the sudden action of the tool units. The forming tool is particularly suitable and designed to reduce a transverse dimension of the wire material, particularly stepwise.

[0026] Preferably, the forming tool is also suitable and designed to reduce a diameter of the wire material. The diameter can, for example, be an average diameter and / or a maximum and / or minimum diameter of a round cross-section, as is the case, for example, with cylindrically shaped spokes. The tool units are actuated, in particular, abruptly by the impact roller device. During the abrupt action, both tool units of the pair perform a particularly radial movement. The abrupt action is designed, for example, as a reduction and / or upsetting and / or preferably as a forging and / or stamping.

[0027] The impact direction is particularly transverse to the longitudinal direction of the wire material. Preferably, the impact direction is at least substantially radial. The impact is preferably performed by a pair of at least two tool units. However, it is also possible for one of the paired tool units to impact the wire, while the other tool unit serves as an abutment, similar to an anvil.

[0028] It is possible and preferred for the actuating device to comprise at least one adjusting device. The adjusting device is particularly suitable and designed to set at least one characteristic dimension for the deformation. Such an adjusting device has the advantage that the deformation of the wire material for producing different spoke types can be adjusted once or even during operation, without, for example, the forming tools having to be laboriously removed and replaced. Furthermore, spokes can be produced in this way which have different cross-sections along their spoke shafts. The adjusting device is also particularly suitable and designed to be operated depending on the axial positioning of the wire material in relation to the forming tool.Such designs enable, for example, very precise machining of spoke shaft sections with different diameters and / or the transitions between them.

[0029] The adjusting device is preferably suitable and designed for setting a reduction dimension. The reduction dimension relates in particular to a distance between the actuating device and the tool unit. This makes it possible to adjust the (maximum) depth at which the tool unit is pressed into the wire material by the actuating device. The reduction dimension relates in particular to the reduction of a transverse dimension and / or a diameter of a cross-section of the wire material. For this purpose, the adjusting device preferably comprises at least one wedge, which is arranged between the actuating device and in particular a stationary impact roller unit and the respective tool unit. In particular, at least one wedge device is provided for each tool unit and / or each movable impact roller unit.

[0030] In particular, each tool unit comprises at least one head section designed for forming the wire material. The head section comprises at least one shaping machining groove. The machining groove runs in particular in an axial direction. The machining groove runs in particular axially to a direction of rotation of the forming tool. The machining groove is designed in particular such that it encompasses at least a radial section of the wire material. Such a design allows the wire material to be reliably guided and precisely formed at the machining section.

[0031] The machining groove is preferably concave. In particular, the machining groove extends over an angular arc of at least 90°. The machining groove preferably extends over an angular arc of at least 100° and particularly preferably of at least 120°. A larger angular arc, for example more than 130° or 160°, is also possible. Such angular arcs enable a particularly extensive radial engagement of the wire material. The angular arc can also be less than 90°. It is also possible for the head section to be flat or convex. For example, the head section can also have a punch or a stamping. The machining groove preferably has an angular arc with a constant radius. It is also possible for the machining groove to have an angular arc with a variable radius, for example for producing oval and / or parabolic spoke cross-sections.

[0032] The head section has a ramp-like shape, particularly at at least one axial end. This design has the advantage of achieving a precisely defined and particularly smooth transition at the outlets. Such a outlet is present, for example, between two spoke shaft sections with cross-sections of different diameters. Appropriately shaped outlets achieve a continuous transition between the two spoke shaft sections, thus counteracting, in particular, an unfavorable notch effect. The ramp-like shape is preferably formed at both ends of the head section. Using this type of forming tool, outlets can be machined from a larger to a smaller diameter, as well as from a smaller to a larger diameter.

[0033] Preferably, the circumferential length of the angled arc in the ramp-shaped head section is variable. In particular, the circumferential length of the angled arc increases toward the axial end of the head section. It is also possible for the circumferential length of the angled arc to decrease toward the axial end of the head section. In particular, the circumferential length is continuously increasing and / or decreasing. Such configurations enable the formation of particularly uniform runouts.

[0034] The tool units can be adjacent to each other, at least in sections. In particular, the adjacent tool units form a closed perimeter around the wire material. This ensures very uniform machining in the circumferential direction, even at high machining speeds.

[0035] The tool units preferably have side sections along which they are arranged adjacent to one another. The side sections of a tool unit are preferably arranged at an angle of 90° to one another. The tool units are, in particular, directly adjacent to one another at their side sections. Smaller and / or larger angles can also be provided. Preferably, an angle is selected that is at least approximately equal to 360° divided by the number of tool units.

[0036] It is also possible for the tool units to each have different angles with respect to their side sections. Preferably, the angles of the side sections are identical for tool units arranged opposite one another or in pairs.

[0037] It is preferred that the tool units are identical. Particularly preferably, the tool units operated in pairs are identical. In particular, all tool units of the molding tool are identical. It is also possible for the tool units to be differently designed. For example, the tool units can then be designed in opposite directions and / or in complementary ways. For example, one tool unit of a pair can have a convex head section and the other a concave head section.

[0038] In all embodiments, it is particularly preferred that an even number of tool units is provided.

[0039] Another device according to the invention also serves for the production of spokes, in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers. The device comprises at least one forming device for forming a wire material. The forming device comprises at least one forming tool acting on at least one processing section of the wire material. The forming device comprises at least one actuating device for actuating the forming tool. The forming tool comprises three tool units. The actuating device is suitable and designed to allow the three tool units to jointly act on the processing section of the wire material in a forming manner.

[0040] This device also has the advantage of enabling economical and, if necessary, more precise machining of wire spokes. The interaction of three tool units also allows for increased production throughput. In particular, the three tool units are operated simultaneously. Particularly preferably, the three tool units act in an impact and, in particular, reducing manner on the machining section. The tool units are preferably configured as described above. The forming device comprises, in particular, at least one feed device and / or at least one adjusting device. The actuating device is preferably configured as at least one impact roller device.

[0041] The method according to the invention is used to produce spokes, in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers. A wire material is formed using at least one forming device. At least one forming tool acts on at least one processing section of the wire material. The forming tool is actuated by at least one actuating device. The forming tool comprises at least four tool units with which the forming process takes place. The tool units act in pairs to form the processing section of the wire material.

[0042] The method according to the invention has the advantage that forming is carried out in pairs using at least four tool units. This allows for a particularly high throughput in spoke production.

[0043] Preferably, the tool units of a pair are actuated simultaneously. Actuation occurs, in particular, by means of the actuating device.

[0044] In particular, another pair of two tool units remains idle and engaged. The two pairs are preferably operated alternately. This significantly reduces machining speed.

[0045] In all embodiments of a device and method according to the invention, a feed rate or a relative speed of the relative movement between the wire material and the forming device can be controllable and is preferably changed during the processing of a spoke. The relative speed can also be very low, equal to 0, or even negative at times, for example, to enable particularly intensive processing of one or more sections.

[0046] In all embodiments, the spoke wire is gradually formed and, in particular, forged. The final shape of the spoke is achieved through a multitude of impacts. After forming by hammering, the spoke generally has a round outer contour along its entire length. Subsequently, at least one stamping step can be provided, which shapes the essentially round spoke into a desired cross-sectional shape, e.g., a knife shape, over at least one longitudinal section of the spoke. In this case, the spoke is designed as a flat spoke and / or flattened like a knife.

[0047] In further developments of all embodiments, it is preferred that the forming device is designed as a reducing head or comprises such a head. The reducing head comprises (at least) one outer head and (at least) one inner head, which are rotatable relative to one another. In particular, the inner head is rotatable. Preferably, the rotational speed of the inner head is between approximately 500 and 2000 revolutions per minute (rpm). Particularly preferably, the rotational speed of the inner head is between approximately 750 and 1500 rpm. A preferred rotational speed is approximately 925 rpm.

[0048] In a specific design, the speed of the inner head can be varied between approximately 800 and 1400 rpm.

[0049] With four tool units, each engaged in pairs with the spoke wire, and 14 circumferentially movable impact roller units and four circumferentially stationary impact roller units, the impact rate on the spoke wire at, for example, 900 rpm is 210 impacts per second, enabling effective and high-quality spoke production.

[0050] The (axial) feed speed or relative speed between spoke and forming device is in particular between 0.005 and 0.04 m / s and particularly preferably between 0.0075 and 0.025 m / s.

[0051] With a spoke length of 300 mm, processing times range between 5 and 40 seconds, depending on the initial diameter and the reduced diameter.

[0052] The reduction in diameter not only serves to reduce weight, but also, and above all, to improve the mechanical properties, based on the principle of an expansion screw, where stress peaks at the head and screw shaft are reduced by refusion through the "elastic" center section. Here, the reduced-diameter section acts as an "elastic" center section.

[0053] Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the embodiment, which is explained below with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0054] The figures show: Fig. 1 a schematic view of a bicycle; Fig. 2 a schematic view of a spoke; Fig. 3 a highly schematic representation of a device according to the invention; Fig. 4 a highly schematic forming device; Fig. 5 a tool unit in a side view; Fig. 6 the tool unit of the Fig. 5 in a side view sectioned along the line AA; Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a molding tool; and Fig. 8 another highly schematic view of a molding tool;

[0055] The Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a bicycle 200. The bicycle has two wheels 201, namely a front wheel and a rear wheel. Furthermore, a frame 203, a fork 204, a handlebar 206, and a saddle 207 are provided. Pedals, in this case a derailleur, are provided as the drive. The front wheel and the rear wheel are each attached to dropouts on the fork 204 and the frame 203, respectively. The front wheel and the rear wheel 101, 102 each have a rim 210 and spokes 100 produced with the device according to the invention, which are connected to a hub 208. The spokes 1 are only shown schematically due to the scale of the illustration and are described with reference to Fig. 2 is shown in more detail.

[0056] In the Fig. Figure 2 shows a spoke 100 in a schematic longitudinal view, which was manufactured using the device 1 according to the invention. The figure is not to scale to better illustrate the principle. Two exemplary cross-sections 103 of the spoke are shown hatched. The cross-sections 103 have different diameters 33. Runouts 104 are provided here as a transition between the areas of different diameters 33. The runouts 104 have a different length and a different pitch. An arrow outlines the longitudinal axis 23 of the spoke.

[0057] The spoke 100 is made by forming a wire material 3. A special spoke wire was used as the wire material, which has a tensile strength of 1200 N / mm 2 and more. The spoke wire was reduced to the corresponding cross-sections of 103 and diameters of 33.

[0058] The spoke 100 has a spoke head 105 at one end and an external thread 106 at the other end, which serves for screwing onto a spoke nipple (not shown). The spoke shaft 101 extends between the two ends. The first end 105 is attached to the hub 208. The spoke 200 extends outward from the hub 208 to the second end 106, where the external thread is then attached to the rim 210 with a spoke nipple.

[0059] Spoke 100 is designed here, for example, as a double-thickness spoke. Other spoke shapes are also possible, such as single-thickness spokes or flat spokes. Here, spoke shaft 101 is specifically formed into various shaft sections 111, 121, 131, 141, and 151. The two shaft sections 111, 151 located at the ends 105, 106 are cylindrical and have a cross-section 103 with a diameter of 2.0 mm. The intermediate shaft section 131 is also cylindrical and has a cross-section 103 with a diameter 33 of 1.5 mm.

[0060] By reducing the spoke shaft 101 in this way, the weight can be significantly reduced while maintaining or even increasing the necessary stability. The outlets 104 are shaped to counteract adverse stress concentrations and enable a particularly stable transition. The shaft section 121 located toward the head 105 has a shorter outlet 104 than the shaft section 141 located toward the other end 106. This design takes into account the forces acting on the spoke 100 in the wheel 201.

[0061] In the Fig. Figure 3 shows an example of the device 1 according to the invention for producing spokes 100. The device 1 can be operated according to the method according to the invention. The device 1 comprises a forming device 2 for forming a spoke wire consisting of a metallic wire material 3. The wire material 3 is guided through the forming device 2 by means of a feed device 8, which is designed here as a feed device.

[0062] The forming device 2 comprises a forming tool 4 with four tool units, whereby only one tool unit 14 is shown here for clarity. The other tool units 14 are arranged essentially symmetrically. An actuating device 5 is provided for actuating the forming tool 4. The actuating device 5 is designed here as a beating roller device 15, which comprises a plurality of stationary beating roller units 25 and movable beating roller units 35.

[0063] An adjustment device 6 is provided for setting a reduction dimension. The adjustment device 6 has a wedge device 16, which is arranged between the impact roller unit 35 and the tool unit 14. By axially displacing the wedge device 16, the distance between the impact roller unit 35 and the tool unit 14 is adjusted, so that the reduction depth can be adjusted accordingly.

[0064] The Fig. 4 shows the forming device 2 with the impact roller device 15 and the forming tool 4 with the four tool units 14, 24, 34, 44. The forming device 2 is designed here as a reducing head 12 with an outer head 22 and an inner head 32. The fixed impact roller units 25 are attached to the outer head 22. The impact roller units 25 are arranged in a circle and are each rotatably mounted about their own axis. The inner head 32 is rotatably mounted in the reducing head 12. The forming tool 4 with the tool units is attached to the inner head 32.

[0065] Also attached to the inner head 32 are the movable impact roller units 35, each of which is mounted for rotation about its own axis. Furthermore, the movable impact roller units 35 are mounted on the inner head 32 for radial displacement. By rotating the inner head 32 (around the central axis through the spoke), the impact roller units 35 are moved and rotated around the wire material 3. The stationary and movable impact roller units 25, 35 overlap along a common circumferential line.

[0066] If the inner head 32 is rotated, the movable impact roller units 35 are displaced radially in the direction of the rotational axis of the inner head 32 as they pass the stationary impact roller units 25. As a result, the impact roller unit 35 presses onto the respective tool unit 14, 24, 34, 44 via an underlying ram 45 and the wedge device 16. At a corresponding rotational speed of the inner head 32, the tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 experience targeted impacts as they pass the stationary impact roller units 25, which are used to form the wire material 3. The wire material 3 is located in the center of the inner head 32 and is not shown here for the sake of clarity.

[0067] The tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 are arranged opposite one another in pairs. Together with the ram 45 and the wedge devices 16, the tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 are accommodated in a guide device 94. The arrangement of the impact roller units 25 on the outer head 22 results in alternating actuation of the paired tool units 140, 240. While one of the two pairs 140 is actuated by the impact roller device 15, the other pair 240 remains unactuated. For this purpose, the impact roller units 25 in the outer head 22 are arranged such that the impact roller units 35 of one pair 140 pass stationary impact roller units 25, while the impact roller units 35 of the other, unactuated pair 240 are positioned between two stationary impact roller units 25.

[0068] The Fig. 5 shows a single tool unit 14. In the Fig. 6 is the tool unit 14 of the Fig. 5 in a side view sectioned along line AA. The tool unit comprises a head section 54 directed toward the wire material 3, which has a machining groove 64 extending axially in the longitudinal direction of the wire material 3. The machining groove 64 is adapted to the desired shape of the storage device 100. The machining groove 64 is concave here, for example.

[0069] The machining groove 64 runs linearly in a central region of the head section 54 and essentially parallel to the wire material 3 to be machined. At the two axial ends 541, 542, the head section 54 is ramp-shaped. In the central region, the machining groove 64 extends over an angular arc 640 of 120°. In the ramp-shaped ends 541, 542, the angular arc 640 of the machining groove 64 is also 120°. However, the circumferential length of the angular arc increases towards the axial end of the ramp-shaped head section 54 541, 542. Such a configuration allows runouts 104 between cross-sections with smaller and larger diameters 33 to be formed particularly evenly and precisely.

[0070] In the Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 from the Fig. 4. The tool units are identically designed here. In the area of ​​their head sections 540, the tool units directly adjoin one another along their respective side sections 74. The wire material 3 (not shown here) runs along the center of the circumference. The side sections 74 of an individual tool unit 14 are at an angle of 90° to one another, so that the use of four tool units results in a (substantially or even completely) closed circumference around the wire material 3 located in the center.

[0071] In the position shown here, the upper and lower tool units 14, 24 are engaged with the actuating device 5. The two lateral tool units 34, 44 are inoperative in the actuating device 5. In the position shown here, the pair 140 consisting of the tool units 14 and 24 acts on the wire material by impact. The other pair 240, consisting of the tool units 34 and 44, does not act on the wire material 3.

[0072] In the Fig. 6 are the tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 from the Fig.1 after a change in actuation. Now, the two lateral tool units 34, 44 are engaged in pairs, forming the wire material. The other pair 140 is now inactive. During the rotation of the inner head 32 relative to the outer head 22, a constant change in the pairwise actuation of the tool units 14, 24, 34, 44 continues. List of reference symbols: 1 device 2 forming device 3 Wire material 4 mold tool 5 Actuating device 6 Adjustment device 8 Feeding device 12 Reducing head 13 Processing section 14 tool unit 15 Impact roller device 16 Wedge device 22 Outer head 23 Longitudinal axis 24 tool unit 25 Impact roller unit 32 inner head 33 diameter 34 tool unit 35 Impact roller unit 44 tool unit 45 tappets 54 Head section 64 machining groove 74 page section 94 Guide device 100 spokes 101 spoke shaft 103 Cross section 104 Outlet 105 spoke head 106 external threads 111 Shaft section 121 shaft section 131 Shaft section 140 pairs 141 shaft section 151 shaft section 200 two-wheelers 201 wheel 203 frames 204 Fork 206 handlebars 207 Saddle 208 Hub 210 rim 240 pairs 540 angles 541 End 542 End 640 angle bend

Claims

[1] Device (1) for producing spokes (100), in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers (200), with at least one forming device (2) for forming a wire material (3), comprising at least one forming tool (4) acting on at least one processing section (13) of the wire material (3) and at least one actuating device (5) for actuating the forming tool (4), characterized by that the forming tool (4) comprises at least four tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) and that the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to allow the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) to act in pairs on the processing section (13) of the wire material (3) in a forming manner. [2] Device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to actuate a pair (140, 240) consisting of two tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) simultaneously. [3] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the paired tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) are arranged opposite one another. [4] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to have at least one other pair (140, 240) consisting of two tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) not engaged at the same time. [5] Device (1) according to the two preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to actuate the pairs (140, 240) alternately. [6] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to rotate the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) about a longitudinal axis (23) of the wire material (3). [7] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (5) comprises at least one impact roller device (15) with a plurality of impact roller units (25). [8] Device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the impact roller device (15) comprises fixed impact roller units (25) and movable impact roller units (35). [9] Device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein a number of the movable impact roller units (35) correlates with a number of the tool units and in particular corresponds to an integer multiple of the number of the movable impact roller units (35) plus two. [10] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the forming tool (4) is suitable and designed to reshape the wire material (3) by sudden action of the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) and in particular to reduce a transverse dimension and / or a diameter (33) of the wire material (3). [11] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (5) comprises at least one adjusting device (6) which is suitable and designed to set at least one characteristic dimension (16) for the deformation. [12] Device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the adjusting device (6) is suitable and designed for setting a reduction dimension. [13] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) for forming the wire material (3) each have at least one head section (54) with an axially extending, shaping machining groove (64). [14] Device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the machining groove (64) is concave and extends over an angular arc (640) of more than 90° and in particular 120°. [15] Device (1) according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the head portion (54) is ramp-shaped at at least one axial end. [16] Device (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the circumferential length of the angled arc (640) increases in the ramp-shaped head section (54). [17] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) adjoin one another at least in sections and form a closed circumference around the wire material (3) to be processed. [18] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) have side sections (74) along which they are arranged adjacent to one another and wherein the side sections (74) of a tool unit (14, 24, 34, 44) are at an angle (540) of 90° to one another. [19] Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) are identically designed. [20] Device (1) for producing spokes (100), in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers (200), with at least one forming device (2) for forming a wire material (3), comprising at least one forming tool (4) acting on at least one processing section (13) of the wire material (3) and at least one actuating device (5) for actuating the forming tool (4), characterized by that the forming tool (4) comprises three tool units (14, 24, 34) and that the actuating device (5) is suitable and designed to allow the three tool units (14, 24, 34) to jointly act on the processing section (13) of the wire material (3) in a forming manner. [21] Method for producing spokes (100), in particular for at least partially muscle-powered two-wheelers (200), wherein a wire material (3) is formed with at least one forming device (2) and wherein at least one forming tool (4) acts on at least one processing section (13) of the wire material (3) and the forming tool (4) is actuated with at least one actuating device (5), characterized by that forming is carried out with at least four tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) of the forming tool (4) and that the tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) are used in pairs to exert a forming effect on the processing section (13) of the wire material (3). [22] Method according to the preceding claim, wherein a pair (140, 240) consisting of two tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) are actuated simultaneously. [23] Method according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein at the same time another pair (140, 240) consisting of two tool units (14, 24, 34, 44) remains engaged without being actuated.

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