Electromagnetic actuator

Abstract

An electromagnetic actuator (10) comprising an oscillator (12) with at least one magnet (14) and a stator (16) with at least two magnets (18). The oscillator (12) has an oscillator north pole and an oscillator south pole. The oscillator (12) is mounted at a pivot point (20) such that, due to magnetic excitation by the stator (16), the oscillator (12) performs an oscillating rotational movement or a wobbling movement around the pivot point (20). Furthermore, the stator (16) has a first stator north pole, a second stator north pole, a first stator south pole, and a second stator south pole. The stator (16) and oscillator (12) are arranged in such a way that a stator north pole and a stator south pole magnetically act on the oscillator north pole and / or the oscillator south pole in such a way that the oscillator moves in the direction of motion.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular an electromagnetic vibration actuator.

[0002] Actuators are used to convert electrical signals into mechanical movements. A primary application for these actuators is the generation of haptic and / or acoustic feedback through, for example, oscillations or vibrations. Electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, touchpads, smartwatches, game consoles, and touch elements for switches, among others, use actuators to provide the user with tangible and / or audible feedback regarding information input and output.

[0003] Mobile phones, for example, use vibrations to deliver information, silently alerting the user to incoming calls. In noise-sensitive environments, such as meetings, this allows information to be delivered to the user without disturbing the surroundings. In noisy environments, such as concerts, where acoustic signals cannot be perceived, this can also be used to transmit information to the user.

[0004] On the other hand, vibrations are used in modern mobile phones with touch displays, for example, to give the user feedback on their inputs.

[0005] A variety of different actuators are used to generate feedback. Electric motors with an eccentric mass, also known as unbalanced motors, are often used for this purpose. The electric motor experiences an imbalance that transmits vibration to the surface attached to the electric motor. Actuators with an electric motor require a relatively large amount of space. Due to their design, these unbalanced motors have a relatively high energy consumption, thus leading to shorter battery life when used in portable devices. Furthermore, electric motors have a comparatively high response time.

[0006] The frequency and amplitude of the feedback, such as vibration, of an unbalanced motor are necessarily coupled. This allows for fast and strong vibrations, or slow and weak vibrations. However, it is not possible to generate fast and weak vibrations, or strong and slow vibrations. Unbalanced motors cannot generate complex feedback oscillations, such as vibration, but only sinusoidal oscillations. Thus, it is not possible to generate oscillations that correspond to a complex pattern, such as sound waves, using unbalanced motors.

[0007] Another type of actuator for generating vibration is known from the document JP 2004-050 154 A. This document describes an actuator for generating a linear vibration. The document describes a housing containing a coil. Inside the coil is a linearly polarized permanent magnet, which is attached to the housing with a spring on one side and is freely movable on the other. Due to the excitation of the permanent magnet by the coil, it performs a linear movement and acts with its free end on a vibration plate that is connected to the housing. The vibrating plate can thus be used to generate haptic feedback. Due to the linear movement of the permanent magnet within the housing or within the coil, a large mass of air is moved. This results in noise and increased energy consumption.

[0008] US 2010 / 0 176 665 A1 describes another actuator in which a permanent magnet is arranged entirely within a coil. Due to a change in the direction of the current flowing through the coil, the magnet undergoes a back-and-forth tilting movement, which generates a vibration. A disadvantage here is that the magnet, especially in relation to the coil, must be large enough to generate sufficient magnetic force to generate the desired imbalance for vibrations. Consequently, such a design presents a miniaturization problem.

[0009] DE 103 55 446 A1 describes an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0010] The object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuator which is small in size.

[0011] The problem is solved by an electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1.

[0012] The electromagnetic actuator is an electromagnetic vibration actuator. Accordingly, the actuator is designed to generate a mechanical movement that serves to generate a perceptible signal or feedback. The electromagnetic actuator has an oscillator with at least one magnet. The magnet of the oscillator is, in particular, a permanent magnet.

[0013] Furthermore, the electromagnetic actuator has a stator with at least two magnets. The at least two magnets are preferably electromagnets, in particular coils. It is particularly preferred that all magnets of the stator are electromagnets or coils, but a combination of different magnets for the stator is also possible. The oscillator has an oscillator north pole and an oscillator south pole. If the oscillator has, for example, only a single permanent magnet, the oscillator north pole is located in the region of the north pole of the permanent magnet and the oscillator south pole is located in the region of the south pole of the permanent magnet. The oscillator is mounted on a pivot point, wherein the mounting is designed such that the oscillator performs a wobbling movement around the pivot point due to magnetic excitation by the stator.The stator has at least a first and a second stator north pole and at least a first and a second stator south pole. It is particularly preferred for the stator to have exactly a first and a second stator north pole and exactly a first and a second stator south pole. However, embodiments with additional stator north poles and / or stator south poles are also possible. The stator and oscillator are arranged in such a way that a stator north pole and a stator south pole each have a magnetic effect on the oscillator north pole. Alternatively or additionally, the stator and oscillator are arranged in such a way that a stator north pole and a stator south pole each have a magnetic effect on the oscillator south pole. The magnetic effect is designed such that the oscillator moves in the direction of movement.The direction of movement here refers to the movement that the oscillator can perform due to its bearings, in particular at the pivot point. For example, the direction of movement refers to the rotational movement that the oscillator can perform around the pivot point. The magnetic effect here means that the oscillator north pole and / or the oscillator south pole are each opposite a stator north pole and a stator south pole, so that the oscillator north pole or the side of the oscillator with the oscillator south pole is attracted or repelled by a stator north pole and a stator south pole. For example, a first stator north pole and a first stator south pole are arranged at the oscillator north pole. The first stator north pole therefore ensures that the oscillator north pole is repelled, while the stator south pole ensures that the oscillator north pole is attracted.This is implemented in such a way that the oscillator north pole is repelled by the stator north pole in the direction of movement, and furthermore the oscillator north pole is attracted by the stator south pole in the direction of movement. According to this example, alternatively or additionally, the oscillator south pole is attracted or repelled by another stator north pole and another stator south pole in the direction of movement. A particularly preferred embodiment is one in which the first stator north pole and the first stator south pole act on the oscillator north pole, and the second stator north pole and the second stator south pole act on the oscillator south pole. In other words, the stator and oscillator are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the region of the oscillator where the oscillator north pole is located is repelled by a first stator north pole and attracted by a first stator south pole.This repulsion and attraction occurs in the same direction of movement, so that the movement effect is increased. In a corresponding arrangement, the second stator north pole and the second stator south pole act on the area of ​​the oscillator where the stator south pole is located. Due to this design with separate stator north pole and stator south pole each for the oscillator north pole and / or oscillator south pole, on the one hand the stator and oscillator, or the magnets of the stator and oscillator, can be optimally coordinated. On the other hand, due to the separate influence, a minimal size of the stator and oscillator, and thus in particular of the actuator, can be implemented. The oscillator is mounted on one side in such a way that it performs a wobbling motion around the pivot point.

[0014] It is preferred that the electromagnetic actuator has a feedback element. Due to the wobbling movement, i.e. the mechanical movement of the oscillator, a mechanical pulse is generated which, according to this embodiment, is transmitted to the feedback element. As a result, in particular a vibration can be transmitted from the feedback element, for example to a user. The feedback element is, for example, a housing which at least partially encloses the stator and the oscillator. On the other hand, the feedback element can also be designed as a surface. It is particularly preferred that the feedback element is connected to the stator, in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. In this case, a connection such as an adhesive connection and / or a force connection and / or a welded connection and / or a soldered connection and / or a form fit between the feedback element and stator is possible.It is also possible that the stator and feedback element are designed as a single piece, also referred to as integral.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator is designed such that a magnetization change of the magnets of the stator or of the at least one magnet of the oscillator occurs. The magnetization change occurs in particular in such a way that it triggers the wobbling movement of the oscillator. It is preferred that the magnetization change occurs due to a change in the direction of current flow through the electromagnets, in particular of the stator. Preferably, the magnetization change results in a change in all stator poles, so that after the magnetization change, stator south poles are located at the previous positions of the stator north poles and stator south poles are located at the previous positions of the stator south poles.To generate the change in magnetization, it is preferred that the electromagnetic actuator, in particular the stator, is connected to a control device and / or a power source, such as a battery, a rechargeable battery, or the power grid. In a preferred embodiment, a control device, in particular for changing the current flow, and / or a power source, is part of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0016] It is preferred that the magnetization change occurs in such a way that the oscillator oscillates at a frequency of up to approximately 1000 Hz, particularly preferably up to approximately 500 Hz.

[0017] It is preferred that the electromagnetic actuator has a substantially stationary axis of movement relative to the electromagnetic actuator, around which the oscillator moves. The axis of movement preferably runs through the center of the oscillator. This axis of movement is therefore a virtual rotation or wobble axis around which the oscillator moves.

[0018] The at least one magnet of the stator is preferably a coil, in particular a coil with an iron core. It is particularly preferred that all magnets of the stator be such coils.

[0019] The at least one magnet of the oscillator can be, for example, a cuboid magnet or a bar magnet.

[0020] The oscillator is preferably designed such that the majority of its mass and / or volume is located as far away as possible from the pivot point, for example the fulcrum around which the oscillator moves. It is therefore preferred that the oscillator has a hyperbolic shape, in particular a single-shell hyperbolic shape. Accordingly, the oscillator is particularly designed such that it has the shape of two, preferably identical, cones or pyramids with their tips touching. It is preferred that the pivot point or fulcrum of the oscillator be arranged instead of the touching tips. In other words, the oscillator be designed in a type of hourglass or bone shape. If the oscillator has only one magnet, it is preferred that this magnet has one of the shapes described above.

[0021] Preferably, a minimal gap is provided between the oscillator and stator, in particular between the opposing magnet of the oscillator and the magnet of the stator. This ensures that the oscillator and stator are arranged at the smallest possible distance from each other. Due to this configuration between the oscillator and stator and / or the hyperbolic configuration of the oscillator, an optimal air gap design and / or air circulation is ensured.

[0022] It is preferred that the oscillator be arranged at least partially within the stator. This arrangement of the oscillator within the stator is particularly designed such that several magnets, preferably several coils, of the stator at least partially surround the oscillator.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the magnets of the stator are each arranged in the vicinity of the oscillator. This defines that the individual magnets of the stator, in particular designed as coils, do not enclose the oscillator. For example, this does not result in an arrangement such that the oscillator is located within a coil, in particular within at least one turn of the coil.

[0024] The stator has two oppositely polarized magnets on the end face opposite the north pole of the oscillator and / or the south pole of the oscillator. The magnets are arranged next to one another, in particular next to one another. Particularly preferably, these are two, in particular identical, adjacent coils, wherein the two coils each have the same polarity on the one hand and opposite polarity on the other hand to the opposite oscillator pole. It is preferred that the two magnets together are arranged coaxially to the oscillator. If, for example, the two magnets are viewed as a single structure, their axial axis of symmetry runs coaxially to the axial axis of symmetry of the oscillator. Starting from the rest position, one magnet therefore attracts the opposite end of the oscillator, and the other magnet repels this same end.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, an arrangement is selected such that the magnetization direction of the oscillator lies in a first plane, and the magnetization direction of at least one magnet, but preferably all magnets, of the stator lies in a second plane. These two planes are truly parallel or identical to one another. It is preferred, particularly with an identical arrangement of these two planes, that these two planes also lie in the rotation plane of the oscillator. This ensures, for example, an optimal magnetic interaction between the magnets of the stator and oscillator.

[0026] It is preferred that the magnetization direction of the oscillator is true, parallel or identical to the magnetization direction of at least one magnet, but in particular all magnets, of the stator.

[0027] The oscillator preferably has two like-polarized magnets. In particular, the two like-polarized magnets are separated from each other by a separating layer. The separating layer is preferably made of plastic, with silicone being particularly preferred. More than two like-polarized magnets are also possible.

[0028] The magnets are, in particular, identical magnets. When arranging the magnets relative to one another, it is preferred that they have a coaxial magnetization direction and / or are arranged end-on to one another and / or that the adjacent magnetic regions have different poles. It is particularly preferred that all of the conditions described in the previous sentence are met together. By using an oscillator with multiple magnets, which are separated from one another in particular by a separating layer, it is possible to use strong coils, for example with an iron core, in the stator frame, since the magnet arrangement in the oscillator prevents the oscillator from becoming stuck, i.e., in particular, permanently immobile.

[0029] In particular, the electromagnetic actuator comprises a bearing device. The bearing device ensures, in particular, that the oscillator is mounted relative to the stator and / or the feedback element in such a way that a relative movement of the oscillator relative to the stator or feedback element can occur.

[0030] The bearing device preferably has an elastic bearing. The elastic bearing is connected in particular to the oscillator and also to the stator and / or the feedback element. The elastic bearing is preferably an elastic plastic bearing, for example a silicone bearing. For example, the oscillator is connected centrally and on one side, both sides, or all sides to the feedback element and / or the stator via a silicone connection. The mounting by means of an elastic bearing is designed in particular such that the oscillator can move freely relative to the stator and / or feedback element according to a corresponding freedom of movement permitted by the elastic bearing.

[0031] Preferably, the oscillator is mounted, for example, via the mounting device in such a way that the oscillator can only perform a rotational movement in one plane, preferably relative to the stator and / or the feedback element. Such mounting of the oscillator can also be achieved by enclosing the oscillator, for example by means of the feedback element, in such a way that only a rotational movement in one plane is possible. For example, the feedback element can form a housing or two walls, wherein at least one wall, in particular at least two walls, of the feedback element are arranged parallel to the surface of the oscillator and so close to this surface that such an arrangement limits the freedom of movement of the oscillator to movement in one plane.

[0032] Preferably, the center of the oscillator is located at the center of the stator. The center of the oscillator is, in particular, the center point of the oscillator. The center of the stator is, in particular, the center point formed by the entire stator structure. For example, if the stator has four magnets in the vicinity of the oscillator, the center point of these four magnets relative to each other is the center of the stator.

[0033] A further aspect of the invention lies in a bicycle handle or a handlebar of a bicycle, or a remote control connectable to a bicycle handle or a handlebar of a bicycle, with at least one actuator according to the invention. The remote control is, in particular, a wireless remote control, for example, via Bluetooth and / or via ANT.

[0034] Such a design allows, for example, haptic information from navigation devices or similar devices to be transmitted to the cyclist. It is also possible to provide the user with haptic feedback on inputs or outputs, for example, via vibrations.

[0035] A further aspect of the invention lies in a mobile device, in particular a mobile phone or a tablet, with at least one electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

[0036] It is preferred that the at least one electromagnetic actuator takes over the function of previous vibration motors in mobile devices.

[0037] Thus, the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention can be used, for example, as an alternative to previous devices for generating vibrations, e.g., vibration motors, in mobile devices, or as a replacement device, e.g., for repair purposes.

[0038] A further aspect of the invention lies in a touch element which is provided, for example, for operating an electrical device, wherein the touch element has at least one electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

[0039] It is preferred that the contact surface of the touch element comprises the feedback element of the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

[0040] The touch element is preferably a touch element of a mobile phone, a tablet, a touchpad, a smartwatch, a game console, and in particular a switching element, for example for an electrical device, in particular a touch element for a light switch. It is also preferred that the touch element is a touch element of a digital switching system and / or a smart home control system.

[0041] Due to the design of the electromagnetic actuator according to the embodiments listed above, the touch element can thus, in particular, experience vibration and thereby transmit feedback to a user. The touch element can preferably provide haptic feedback to a user that corresponds to the feedback from a mechanical switch.

[0042] A further advantage of the invention is that the touch element allows optimal haptic feedback to be transmitted to the user.

[0043] The invention is explained in more detail below using preferred embodiments with reference to the figures.

[0044] They show: Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator, Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b Top views of the embodiment of the electromagnetic actuator from Fig. 1 in two magnetization states, Fig. 3 a plan view of another embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator, Fig. 4 a plan view of another embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator, Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of another embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator, and Fig. 6 a sectional plan view of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

[0045] In the following figures, identical elements are identified by the same reference numerals or with variations (e.g., 2 and 2a, etc.). For reasons of clarity, not all elements are identified (again) with reference numerals in all figures.

[0046] The embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator 10 from Fig. 1 shows an oscillator 12. The oscillator 12 has a magnet 14, designed as a permanent magnet. On the left side, the permanent magnet 14 has its south pole and on the right side, its north pole. The stator 16 is arranged in the vicinity of the oscillator 12. In the embodiment shown, the stator 16 has four magnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, which are designed as coils here. In the state shown, the magnet 18a and the magnet 18d each have a south pole opposite the magnet 14 of the oscillator 12 on the end face. The magnet 18b and the magnet 18c, on the other hand, each have a north pole opposite the magnet 14 of the oscillator 12 on the end face.Due to the attraction of the south pole of magnet 14 to the north pole of magnet 18b, the attraction of the north pole of magnet 14 to the south pole of magnet 18d, the repulsion of the south pole of magnet 14 from the south pole of magnet 18a, and the repulsion of the north pole of magnet 14 from the north pole of magnet 18c, the oscillator 12 with magnet 14 performs a rotational movement in a plane along the movement arrow 22. The oscillator 12 performs this movement around the movement axis 26, which runs centrally through the oscillator 12. To produce a guided movement, the oscillator 12 is mounted at the pivot point 20. In the embodiment, the oscillator 12 is mounted on both sides, i.e., on the top side shown at the pivot point 20 and opposite on the bottom side (not shown) at another pivot point (not shown).The bearing is designed, for example, such that the oscillator 12 can only perform a rotational movement along the movement arrow 22, but in both directions of the movement arrow 22. In particular, other movements are prevented by the bearing.

[0047] However, an embodiment according to the invention is possible in which the oscillator 12 is mounted only on one side, for example, on the top side shown with pivot point 20. Accordingly, the oscillator 12 does not perform a rotational movement, but rather a wobbling movement around pivot point 20.

[0048] If the electromagnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, which are coils in the illustrated embodiment, are magnetized in the opposite direction to that shown ( Fig. 2a), i.e., a south pole is located instead of the north pole and vice versa, the oscillator moves in the opposite direction to the direction shown by the movement arrow 22. With a continuous change in the magnetization, for example, due to a change in the direction of current flow through the coils 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, a pendulum movement, i.e., a back-and-forth movement, of the oscillator 12 can occur. The change in the magnetization, or the change in the direction of current flow through the coils 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, can occur, for example, by means of a control device (not shown) and / or a power source (not shown), which are connected in particular to the coils.

[0049] The Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b each show a plan view of the embodiment of the electromagnetic actuator 10 from Fig. 1. Fig. 2a shows the same magnetization state of the magnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d as in Fig. 1, while Fig. 2b shows the opposite magnetization state. Accordingly, in the execution according to Fig. 2b an opposite movement of the oscillator 12 along the movement arrows 22a, 22b. In a, in particular continuous, change of the states from Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b, the oscillator 12 performs a pendulum rotational movement alternately in the directions of the movement arrows 22a, 22b.

[0050] This pendulum rotational movement creates a mechanical impulse, which can be emitted as vibration, for example, by the electromagnetic actuator.

[0051] Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator 10. The stator 16 has, in contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 1, only two magnets 18a, 18b. The magnets 18a, 18b are again designed as coils. In contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 1, in which the magnetization directions of the magnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d of the stator 16 are parallel to the magnetization direction of the magnet 14 of the oscillator 12, the magnetization directions of the magnets 18a, 18b of the embodiment of Fig. 3 perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the magnet 14 of the oscillator 12.

[0052] Due to the attraction of the south pole of the magnet 14 to the north pole of the magnet 18a, the repulsion of the south pole of the magnet 14 from the south pole of the magnet 18b, the attraction of the north pole of the magnet 14 to the south pole of the magnet 18b and the repulsion of the north pole of the magnet 14 from the north pole of the magnet 18a, also in the embodiment of Fig. 3 a rotational movement of the oscillator 12 along the movement arrows 22a, 22b. If (in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 2b) If the magnetization of the magnets 18a, 18b is changed, the oscillator 12 rotates in the opposite direction of the illustrated movement arrows 22a, 22b. Thus, a pendulum rotational movement of the oscillator 12 can also occur here.

[0053] The embodiment of the exemplary actuator 10 from Fig. 4 corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Fig. 1. In contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 1, the electromagnetic actuator 10 has Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of the magnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d of the stator 16 diagonally or obliquely to the oscillator 12. Here, too, a rotational movement of the oscillator 12 occurs, similar to the previous embodiments.

[0054] Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of an exemplary electromagnetic actuator 10. The embodiment essentially corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 1, but the electromagnetic actuator 10 consists of Fig. 5 has a feedback element 24. The feedback element 24 is designed here as a housing shown in section. The magnets 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d are connected to the housing, in particular fixedly. The oscillator 12 is arranged in the center of the housing 24 and is connected to the housing by means of a bearing device 30, which is designed as a bearing axis 30, in such a way that the oscillator 12 can rotate along the movement arrows 22a, 22b. The bearing axis 30 is designed in particular such that, as shown, it is connected to the oscillator 12 at the top and bottom and is connected to the housing 24 in a rotating manner on the other side. It is also possible for the bearing axis 30 to run through the oscillator 12. Accordingly, a rotating bearing within the oscillator is also possible, wherein the movement axis is then connected in particular in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 24.

[0055] During the rotational movement of the oscillator 12, the oscillator 12 can impact the housing 24, for example, the illustrated buffer elements 34a, 34b, and thus transmit a mechanical impulse to the housing 24. The buffer elements 34a, 34b are, in particular, elastic buffer elements. This mechanical impulse can then be transmitted from the housing 24 to the environment, for example, as a vibration, and can preferably be perceived haptically by a user upon contact with the housing 24.

[0056] The embodiment of the electromagnetic actuator 10 from Fig. 6 corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Fig. 5. In contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 5, however, the electromagnetic actuator 10 does not have any buffer elements (which are connected to the housing 24). However, the embodiment of Fig. 6, also in contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 5, an elastic bearing device with elastic bearing elements 30a, 30b. The elastic bearing device is part of an elastic casing 32 that completely encloses the oscillator 12. A design of the bearing device 30 independent of the casing 32, or a design with the bearing device 30 but without the casing, is also possible. For example, one or more bearing devices can be connected to the stator and the oscillator.

[0057] The oscillator 12, from the embodiment of Fig. 6, also shows, in contrast to the embodiment of Fig.5, two magnets 14a, 14b, which are identical magnets 14a, 14b as shown. The magnets 14a, 14b have coaxial magnetization directions, with the north pole of magnet 14a and the south pole of magnet 14b facing each other in the center. Accordingly, the magnets 14a, 14b together generate a south pole (shown on the left) and a north pole (shown on the right) of the oscillator 12 (based on the previous embodiments). The two magnets 14a, 14b are separated by a separating layer 28, wherein the separating layer is preferably formed integrally with the casing 32. A design without a separating layer, for example, a direct connection of the magnets 14a, 14b, for example by means of an adhesive bond, is also possible.

[0058] The elastic mounting elements 30a, 30b are preferably also formed integrally with the casing 32. The mounting elements 30a, 30b are preferably elastic struts that connect the oscillator, or the casing 32 of the oscillator 12, to the housing 24.

[0059] The elastic mounting elements 30a, 30b are particularly designed to allow movement of the oscillator 12 along the movement arrows 22a, 22b (around the movement axis 28). Accordingly, the elastic mounting elements 30a, 30b deform.

[0060] When the magnetization changes, as in the previous embodiments, the oscillator 12 undergoes a rotational movement opposite to the movement arrows 22a, 22b, so that the elastic bearing elements 30a, 30b deform in the opposite direction. This also results in a pendulum rotational movement of the oscillator 12.

Claims

[1] Electromagnetic vibration actuator (10), with an oscillator (12) with at least one magnet (14), in particular at least one permanent magnet; and a stator (16) with at least two magnets (18), in particular at least two electromagnets; wherein the oscillator (12) has an oscillator north pole and an oscillator south pole; wherein the oscillator (12) is mounted on a pivot point (20) such that the oscillator (12) moves around the pivot point (20) due to magnetic excitation by the stator (16); wherein the stator (16) further comprises: a first stator north pole; a second stator north pole; a first stator south pole; and a second stator south pole; wherein the stator (16) and oscillator (12) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that a stator north pole and a stator south pole each act magnetically on the oscillator north pole and / or the oscillator south pole in such a way that the oscillator moves in the direction of movement; wherein the stator (16) has two oppositely poled magnets (14) on the end face opposite the north pole and / or the south pole of the oscillator (12); and wherein a change in magnetization of the at least two magnets (18) of the stator (16) or of the at least one magnet (14) of the oscillator (12) occurs, so that the movement of the oscillator (12) occurs which leads to a vibration of the actuator (10), characterized by , that the oscillator (12) is mounted on one side so that its movement is a wobbling movement around the pivot point (20). [2] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 1, characterized bya feedback element (24), wherein the wobbling movement transmits a mechanical impulse, in particular a vibration, to the feedback element (24). [3] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by a substantially stationary movement axis (26) relative to the electromagnetic actuator (10) around which the movement of the oscillator (12) takes place, wherein the movement axis (26) runs in particular through the center of the oscillator (12). [4] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that at least one magnet (18), preferably all magnets (18), of the stator (16) is a coil, in particular a coil with an iron core. [5] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the oscillator (12) is arranged, at least partially, within the stator (16). [6] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the magnets (18) of the stator (16) are each arranged in the vicinity of the oscillator (12). [7] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that the magnetization direction of the oscillator (12) lies in a first plane and the magnetization direction of at least one magnet (18), preferably all magnets (18), of the stator (16) lies in a second plane, the two planes being truly parallel or identical. [8] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the magnetization direction of the oscillator (12) is truly parallel or identical to the magnetization direction of at least one magnet (18), in particular all magnets (18), of the stator (16). [9] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized bythat the oscillator (12) has two like-polarized magnets (14), wherein in particular a separating layer (28) is arranged between the two like-polarized magnets (14). [10] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a bearing device (30), wherein the bearing device (30) movably supports the oscillator (12) relative to the stator (16). [11] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 10, characterized by that the bearing device (30) has an elastic bearing which is connected in particular to the oscillator (12), as well as the stator (16) and / or the feedback element (24). [12] Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by that the center of the oscillator (12) is in the center of the stator (16).

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