Assembly tool for assembling and / or disassembling an electric motor

Abstract

Assembly tool (10) for assembling and / or disassembling an electric motor (100), comprising a pull-off body (20) with a fastening interface (22) for fastening to a bearing plate (110) and / or a stator (120) of the electric motor (100) and at least two rotation receptacles (24) for rotatably and axially fixedly supporting pull-off means (30), further comprising a bridge body (40) with at least two pull-off openings (42) with pull-off threads (44), into each of which a pull-off means (30) is screwed, and with at least one centering opening (46) with a centering thread (48) into which a centering means (50) is screwed, further comprising a gear device (60) for a rotating drive of the pull-off means (30) for a relative movement of the bridge body (40) to the pull-off body (20),wherein the centering means (50) has a clamping device (54) at a centering end (52) for clamping it to a rotor (130) of the electric motor (100), wherein the bridge body (40) further has at least two guide openings (80) through which guide means (70) extend, and the pull-off body (20) has at least two guide openings (80) through which the same guide means (70) extend, wherein the guide means (70) have fastening sections (72) for fastening to an integration housing (140) of the electric motor (100).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly tool for assembling and / or disassembling an electric motor as well as a method for disassembling an electric motor and a method for assembling an electric motor.

[0002] It is well known that electric motors must be disassembled and reassembled for maintenance and repair. In particular, such assembly and disassembly involves separating a rotor from a stator of the electric motor. For example, it may be necessary to lift the stator out of an electric motor's integrated housing, along with a bearing shield, and thus remove it from the rotor. Modern electric motors are often highly integrated, meaning they have additional components in addition to the rotor and stator, such as an output gear.

[0003] GB 2 463 413 A discloses a rotor recovery device and a rotor mounting method and EP 2 385 614 A1 discloses an electrical machine and a mounting method therefor.

[0004] A disadvantage of the known solutions is that the high level of integration of different components into a common integration housing leads to significant assembly and disassembly effort. In particular, during disassembly, as well as during assembly of the stator and the bearing shield, manual care must be taken to ensure that the rotor is not moved axially or tilted. This leads to very complex disassembly and assembly, and in particular, to a significant corresponding time expenditure. It is also necessary to have appropriately trained personnel to carry out such assembly and disassembly procedures.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to at least partially remedy the disadvantages described above. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide protection against tilting and / or axial displacement of a rotor during assembly and / or disassembly in a cost-effective and simple manner.

[0006] The above object is achieved by an assembly tool having the features of claim 1, a method for disassembly having the features of claim 9, and a method for assembly having the features of claim 10. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the assembly tool according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the two methods according to the invention, and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is always made to each other.

[0007] According to the invention, an assembly tool is proposed for assembling and / or disassembling an electric motor. Such an assembly tool has a puller body with a fastening interface for fastening to a bearing plate and / or a stator of the electric motor. The puller body is further equipped with at least two rotational receptacles for the rotatable and axially fixed mounting of puller means. Furthermore, the assembly tool has a bridge body with at least two puller openings with puller threads, into each of which a puller means is screwed. The bridge body is further equipped with at least one centering opening with a centering thread, into which a centering means is screwed. Furthermore, the assembly tool has a gear device for a rotating drive of the puller means for a relative movement of the bridge body to the puller body.The centering means is equipped with a clamping device at its centering end for clamping it to a rotor of the electric motor. The bridge body further has at least two guide openings through which guide means extend. The pull-off body is also equipped with at least two guide openings through which the same guide means extend. These guide means are designed with fastening sections for fastening to an integration housing of the electric motor.

[0008] According to the invention, an assembly tool is now provided to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of an electric motor. The assembly movement, which describes the use of the individual components, is explained in more detail below.

[0009] In a first step, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the centering means is screwed into the centering thread. In this case, a defined starting position is achieved, for example, by screwing in order to ensure pre-positioning of the centering means. Subsequently, two or more trigger means can be screwed into the corresponding trigger threads of the trigger openings. Here, too, a predefined starting position, in particular an identical starting position for all trigger means, can be provided. The trigger body can then be placed on the end of the trigger means so that the ends of the trigger means now extend into the respective rotational receptacle. For rotation-free and axially fixed mounting, locking elements or locking rings, for example, can be provided here in order to ensure the axial and rotation-free fixation of the respective trigger means in the respective rotational receptacle.At the opposite end, it is possible to attach a gear device, for example in the form of a planetary gear, to the withdrawal means. To provide centering functionality, the centering means is equipped with a corresponding clamping device or is provided with such a clamping device during assembly. This clamping device can be designed, for example, as a collet with a clamping nut. For the relative movement between the withdrawal body and the bridge body during assembly and disassembly, the invention also provides guide means which extend through corresponding guide openings in the withdrawal body and the bridge body. When placed on the electric motor, the guide means can now be connected to an integration housing via the corresponding fastening sections.Second, the pull-off body is connected to the stator and / or the bearing plate of the electric motor. In both cases, this is preferably a reversible attachment, for example, using appropriate mounting threads.

[0010] Once the above preparatory measures have been carried out, the assembly tool is positioned on the integration housing and thus on the electric motor. To reach this position, a crane or other type of lifting device is used as an aid. In order to then remove the stator and the bearing shield from their installed position in the electric motor, the centering device is first attached to the rotor using the clamping device. This allows the rotor to be fixed in its rotational position in the electric motor and in its axial position, and to be secured against axial movement and tilting. The support of the corresponding axial forces and transverse forces against tilting can be transmitted to the integration housing via the centering device and the bridge as well as via the guide means.As soon as the gear mechanism transmits a rotational movement to the extraction mechanism, this leads to a relative movement between the bridge body and the extraction body due to the thread correlation with the extraction threads. Because the extraction body is now firmly connected to the bearing plate and / or the stator, this relative movement also applies to this part of the electric motor, so that the stator and / or the bearing plate can be pulled out of the electric motor and thus removed from the rotor while maintaining the axial and tilt-free positioning of the rotor.

[0011] The above explanation of this disassembly and the preparatory measures can of course also be used in an appropriately adapted, in particular at least partially reversed, order to ensure that a serviced or repaired stator and bearing plate can also be installed on the electric motor.

[0012] As further demonstrated by the above explanation, a defined movement of the stator and the bearing plate can now be combined with a defined position lock of the rotor. This lock against axial movement as well as against tilting of the rotor is possible for both assembly and disassembly movements.

[0013] It can be advantageous if an assembly tool according to the invention is provided with an odd number of trigger means, in particular three or five trigger means, preferably in the form of trigger shafts. The use of an odd number of trigger means makes it possible to provide a defined and, above all, tilt-free or low-tilt movement in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner. The use of exactly three trigger means, in particular, brings these advantages with minimal weight and minimal design effort. The individual trigger shafts can be designed, for example, as threaded rods or at least partially or sectionally as threaded rods.

[0014] It is also advantageous if an assembly tool according to the invention provides an odd number of guide means, in particular three or five guide means, preferably in the form of guide shafts. Even an odd number of guide means leads to particularly precise and, above all, tilt-free or low-tilt guidance of the described relative movement. A reduction to five or, in particular, three guide means achieves these advantages with minimal design and weight expenditure. The individual guide means in the form of guide shafts are, in particular, rods, preferably threadless rods.

[0015] A further advantage can be achieved if, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the withdrawal thread and the withdrawal means have corresponding trapezoidal threads. The use of trapezoidal threads allows for a correspondingly high force transmission with a large pitch and, in particular, wide thread flanks. Since, in particular, a weight force must be dissipated not only by parts of the assembly tool, but also by the stator and / or the bearing plate of the electric motor, such a design as a trapezoidal thread can positively influence the stability of the assembly tool. The withdrawal threads and the corresponding trapezoidal threads in the withdrawal means are preferably designed with the same thread pitch across all withdrawal threads and all withdrawal means.

[0016] Advantages can also be achieved if, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the centering thread and the centering means have corresponding metric threads. This can provide a particularly simple and cost-effective design for the thread pairing. The metric thread can be either a standard thread design or a so-called fine thread design. This allows for simple and quick adjustment of the axial alignment of the centering means and thus provides the appropriate position correlation to the rotor.

[0017] Further advantages can be achieved if, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the gear device is designed as a planetary gear, with a central drive wheel and a planetary wheel for each extraction means.

[0018] This is particularly advantageous in designs with three extraction devices. The corresponding drive power can be provided manually, for example, or automatically with an electric motor. The planetary gear system allows for very good and advantageous power transmission, especially when the stator and bearing plate are subject to heavy movement.

[0019] It can also be advantageous if, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the trigger openings are arranged on a common circle. In other words, the centering means is designed and arranged in particular centrally or substantially centrally within such a circle, so that the corresponding lever arms for the individual trigger means are equal or substantially equal. The force equilibria established at the respective point in the assembly tool thus ensure that they also provide the corresponding movement functionality without tilting or with minimal tilting.

[0020] It is further advantageous if, in an assembly tool according to the invention, the guide openings of the puller body and / or the bridge body are arranged on a common circle. In particular, the corresponding axes of the guide openings of the puller body and the bridge body are coaxially aligned with each other. The puller openings are located further inward than these guide openings, so that the circular configuration of all openings can be provided in combination.

[0021] The present invention also relates to a method for disassembling an electric motor using an assembly tool according to the invention, comprising the following steps: - Screwing the centering device into the centering thread, - Screwing the trigger means into the trigger threads, - Storage of the trigger means with the rotary mounts, - Attaching the pull-off body to the stator and / or the bearing plate of the electric motor, - Inserting the guide means through the guide openings in the trigger body and the bridge body, - Attaching the guide means to the integration housing of the electric motor, - Attaching the clamping device to the rotor of the electric motor, - Driving the trigger means via the gear device.

[0022] By carrying out a disassembly process, this brings with it the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to an assembly tool according to the invention.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is a method for assembling an electric motor with an assembly tool according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: - Attaching the clamping device of the centering device to the rotor of the electric body, - Attaching the guide means to the integration housing of the electric motor, - Driving the gear device to insert the stator and / or the bearing shield into the integration housing.

[0024] Thus, an assembly method according to the invention offers the same advantages as those explained in detail with reference to a disassembly method according to the invention and with reference to an assembly tool according to the invention. In particular, the stator and / or the bearing shield are already attached to the assembly tool as the starting position, ready for insertion.

[0025] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which describes embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. They show schematically: Fig. 1 an embodiment of an assembly tool according to the invention, Fig. 2 the embodiment of the Fig. 1 in a different perspective view, Fig. 3 the design of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in a different orientation, Fig. 4 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 3 in a different orientation, Fig. 5 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 4 in a different orientation, Fig. 6 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 5 in a different orientation, Fig. 7 the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 6 in a different orientation, Fig. 8 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 7 in a different orientation, Fig. 9 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 8 in a different orientation, Fig. 10 the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 9 in a different orientation, Fig. 11 a schematic representation during a disassembly step, Fig. 12 the next step after Fig. 11 and Fig. 13 the next step after Fig. 12.

[0026] Based on the Fig. 1 to 10, the structure of an assembly tool according to the invention is explained in more detail below. It basically comprises a pull-off body 20 and a bridge body 40. The Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the essentially fully assembled representation, while the Fig. Show 3 to 10 other operating situations with different assembly situations. In the Fig. 1 clearly shows that a central centering opening 46 with a centering thread 48 is provided in the bridge body 40. A centering means 50 is screwed into this centering thread 48, the lower centering end 52 of which is equipped with a clamping device 54. This clamping device 54 extends through a pull-off body 20 and a central opening therein.

[0027] Furthermore, it can be clearly seen from the figures that three extraction means 30 are provided, arranged together on a circle, which are arranged rotationally free and axially fixed in the corresponding rotation receptacles 24 of the extraction body 20. For a rotational movement of these extraction means 30, they extend through corresponding extraction openings 42 and associated extraction threads 44. A corresponding drive option is possible via the gear device 60 and there the central drive wheel 62 and the associated planetary gears 64. To ensure a relative movement during the thread rotation of the extraction means 30, three guide means 70 are also arranged here on a common circle, which extend through corresponding guide openings 80 in the extraction body 20 and in the bridge body 40.

[0028] In the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows in particular the starting point, in which the trigger means 30 and the centering means 50 are in a starting position. Subsequently, according to the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 the guide means 70 are attached. Finally, according to the Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 nor the installation of the gear device 60 must be provided. The Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 show different relative movement positions between the bridge body 40 and the trigger body 20.

[0029] Fig. 11 shows one possibility how an embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 10 can be placed on an integration housing 140 of an electric motor 100. In the Fig. 12 shows how the guide means 70 are fastened to the integration section 140 via their fastening sections 72. At the same time, a fastening connection can be established between the take-off body 20 and the bearing plate 110 or the stator 120 via fastening means not explained in more detail. With the aid of a clamping device 54 of the centering means 50, an axial and tilt-proof fastening to the rotor 130 is carried out. Finally, the drive via the gear device 60 causes a relative movement of the take-off body 20 to the bridge body 40, so that in this way the stator 120 and the bearing plate 110 are Fig. 13 can be lifted upwards.

[0030] The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided they are technically feasible, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

[1] Assembly tool (10) for assembling and / or disassembling an electric motor (100), comprising a pull-off body (20) with a fastening interface (22) for fastening to a bearing plate (110) and / or a stator (120) of the electric motor (100) and at least two rotation receptacles (24) for rotatably and axially fixedly supporting pull-off means (30), further comprising a bridge body (40) with at least two pull-off openings (42) with pull-off threads (44), into each of which a pull-off means (30) is screwed, and with at least one centering opening (46) with a centering thread (48) into which a centering means (50) is screwed, further comprising a gear device (60) for a rotating drive of the pull-off means (30) for a relative movement of the bridge body (40) to the pull-off body (20),wherein the centering means (50) has a clamping device (54) at a centering end (52) for clamping it to a rotor (130) of the electric motor (100), wherein the bridge body (40) further has at least two guide openings (80) through which guide means (70) extend, and the pull-off body (20) has at least two guide openings (80) through which the same guide means (70) extend, wherein the guide means (70) have fastening sections (72) for fastening to an integration housing (140) of the electric motor (100). [2] Assembly tool (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that an odd number of withdrawal means (30), in particular three or five withdrawal means (30), preferably in the form of withdrawal shafts, is provided. [3] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat an odd number of guide means (70), in particular three or five guide means (70), preferably in the form of guide shafts, are provided. [4] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the trigger threads (44) and the trigger means (30) have corresponding trapezoidal threads. [5] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the centering thread (48) and the centering means (50) have corresponding metric threads. [6] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the gear device (60) is designed as a planetary gear with a central drive wheel (62) and a planetary wheel (64) for each extraction means (30). [7] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the exhaust openings (42) are arranged on a common circle. [8] Assembly tool (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the guide openings (80) of the pull-off body (20) and / or the bridge body (40) are arranged on a common circle. [9] Method for disassembling an electric motor (100) with an assembly tool (10) having the features of one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: - Screwing the centering device (50) into the centering thread (48), - Screwing the trigger means (30) into the trigger threads (44), - storing the trigger means (30) in the rotary holders (24), - fastening the pull-off body (20) to the stator (120) and / or the bearing plate (110) of the electric motor (100), - Inserting the guide means (70) through the guide openings (80) in the trigger body (20) and in the bridge body (40), - fastening the guide means (70) to the integration housing (140) of the electric motor (100), - Attaching the clamping device (54) to the rotor (130) of the electric motor (100), - Driving the trigger means (30) via the gear device (60). [10] Method for assembling an electric motor (100) with an assembly tool (10) having the features of one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: - fastening the clamping device (54) of the centering means (50) to the rotor (130) of the electric motor (100), - fastening the guide means (70) to the integration housing (140) of the electric motor (100), - Driving the gear device (60) to insert the stator (120) and / or the bearing plate (110) into the integration housing (140).

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