Connecting element with a pin structure

Abstract

Connecting element with a pin structure, comprising a base body (1) with through-holes (2) arranged therein at least in regions, wherein the base body (1) is designed in the form of a sleeve (1) or in the form of a non-closed profile and a pin structure with one pin (3) per through-hole (2) is arranged in the through-holes (2) along the longitudinal axis of the through-hole (2), and wherein each pin (3) is movable within the through-hole (2) in the direction of a component located in the sleeve (1), characterized in that a first loss prevention device (5) for each pin (3) is formed on the base body (1) at a first edge of a through-hole (2) and a second loss prevention device (6) is formed on a second edge of the through-hole (2).

Description

The invention relates to a connecting element having a pin structure and is used in particular for the introduction of force by means of, preferably, a sleeve on hydraulic tubes, fiber composite profiles, ropes, shaft-hub connections, non-round profiles, planar components, for structural lightweight construction or for plastics processing.Metallic pin or needle structures are particularly advantageous when introducing force in the fiber composite and textile area. In the winding and braiding method and other methods of fiber composite technology, external pin structures are used for fixing the textile. The application at such an early stage limits individual methods. It is often expedient or necessary to mount such force introductions subsequently. Single shell sleeves have proven advantageous. There are sleeves which can be joined in a form-fitting manner by means of presses and deform.These connections can be divided into single shell sleeves without pins, pins on a core, two half shell sleeves with radially inwardly facing pins, and multi shell sleeves with holes. The following state of the art is formed in multiple shells with holes.The publication US 2014 / 0 367 964 A1 discloses a connecting element with a pin structure, comprising a base body with through-holes arranged therein at least in regions, wherein the base body is embodied in a single-shell manner and a pin structure with one pin per through-hole each is arranged in the through-holes along the longitudinal axis of the through-hole. The pin is movable in the direction of a component within the through hole and is designed in the form of a threaded pin which can be screwed in.From WO 2017 / 163 021 A1 a composite pipe joint is provided which comprises a composite pipe and an annular part of composite material which is fitted around the outside of the composite pipe at the cut-off end. The annular portion has recesses into which pins are insertable which extend through the annular portion and partially through the wall thickness of the composite tube to further secure the annular portion to the composite tube. It is disadvantageous that the pins can become detached and fall out.A similar solution is known from the publication DE 10 2016 007 663 A1, in which a transition element is used in a tubular fiber composite body for transmitting tensile, pressure and / or torsional forces, the inner side of which is provided at least partially with an internal thread and has at least partially holes in which pins are introduced. These are likewise not secured against falling out.The publication DE 29 11 238 A1 describes a fiber-reinforced composite hollow shaft, at one end of which a metal sleeve is fastened by means of pins, the pins being arranged on base plates and being fixed on the circumferential side. This is effected by a layer of fiber material fixing the pins, the structural construction being very complicated here.GB 2 017 567 A describes a sleeve which is provided with bores, a number of pins being guided through the sleeve from the outside into the textile or into the fiber-plastic composite. Each pin is introduced and joined individually. An additional sleeve secures the pins.A further possibility for bringing pins from the outside into a textile or fiber-plastic composite is described in the publication U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,236 A. Here, too, the pins are individually mounted and joined in the succession and secured by a metallic liner and an additional metallic sleeve. In addition, a separate nut and the sleeve with pins are shown in two components, so that ultimately a liner, the fiber-plastic composite, a sleeve with holes, a number of individual pins, a sleeve for securing without holes and a nut are shown as individual components.From the publication EP 2 998 591 A1, a possibility is known to introduce pins locally, but not continuously over the circumference and again in multi-shell form as a sum of different individual process steps. In addition, work is carried out here by means of an additional wrapping process.The state of the art presented has the disadvantage of the complicated configuration. In principle, two-shell solutions must be used, since collisions otherwise arise during the joining. A two-shell solution entails the disadvantage of the limited arrangement of the pins and of the additional radial fuse (optionally further sleeve). It is conceivable to provide the sleeve with radial holes and to mount prefabricated pins (GB 2 017 567 A and U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,236 A). However, due to the number of pins and the complicated preparation during production, this cannot be carried out in a meaningful manner.It is the object of the invention to develop a connecting element with a pin structure, which has a simple structural design and ensures a secure connection between a component and the connecting element.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim.Advantageous embodiments are evident from the dependent claims.The connecting element according to the invention having a pin structure has a main body with through-holes arranged therein at least in regions, wherein the main body is designed in the form of a sleeve or in the form of a non-closed profile and a pin structure with one pin per through-hole each is arranged in the through-holes along the longitudinal axis of the through-hole, wherein each pin is movable within the through-hole in the direction of a component located in the sleeve, and wherein a first captive securing means for each pin is formed on the main body at a first edge of a through-hole and a second captive securing means is formed on the main body at a second edge of the through-hole.Each pin is movable in the direction of a component within the through-hole, preferably by means of a force acting from the outside, wherein particularly preferably presses are used as a method.In an advantageous embodiment, the through-holes are arranged perpendicular to an adjoining surface of the connecting element.The pins preferably have a tip which points in the direction of the component and penetrates into the component during pressing.The sleeve can have a round, elliptical, rectangular or else any other desired closed profile. In an alternative embodiment, the base body is designed in the form of any desired non-closed profile, for example in the form of a U or T profile.With respect to a base body in the form of a sleeve, the first captive securing means is formed in the region of the inner lateral surface and the second captive securing means is formed in the region of the outer lateral surface.Preferably, the first and second captive securing means are designed in the form of a reduction in the diameter of the through-hole. The pin has a diameter extension in the form of a shoulder which forms a stop on the first and second captive securing means. Each pin is axially movable, but is secured against falling out in both directions.In an alternative embodiment, the through-holes have an internal thread and the pins arranged in the through-holes have an external thread. In such an embodiment, the pins can be screwed into the component by means of threads.The pin can have an additional securing means in the form of a targeted tolerance, perforated structures or supporting structures, such that the main body has a connection to the pin by means of predetermined breaking points in such a way that the pin is movable only by the action of an external force.In an alternative embodiment, the base body is tensioned and released via a closure in a lower end position of the pins. This can be done, for example, by means of bayonet fastening.Due to the structure of the connecting element, this is produced by means of an additive manufacturing method in a manufacturing step, wherein the base body and the movable inner pins are produced in a manufacturing step, so that these do not have to be produced in an additional method step.In a further advantageous variant, the core structure (fitting), which is often located on the inside, is integrated into the same component, that is to say that the sleeve / the base body and the core are produced in one structure. In a further advantageous variant, the sleeve is additionally shaped.The pins can be pressed into the component in such a way that a connection can be produced between the connecting element and the component. By axial mobility of the pin structures, these can be brought into the fiber composite subsequently, for example by pressing or pushing on a further sleeve. As a result, the sleeve can be joined to pins subsequent to the production process of the textile preform, fiber-plastic composite (FCV) or composite component. In particular, it should be mentioned that the method illustrated here can also be used, as already described, for non-round sleeves in a manner deviating from a circular path (closed and open profiles).The base body produced as a sleeve preferably has a diameter of 4 to 100 mm. The length is preferably 1 to 5.times the diameter of the sleeve. The gap between the component and the base body / the sleeve is preferably 0...0.2 mm, so that, for example, a tube can be inserted. The pin diameter is preferably 0.3 to 10 mm, the pin length is not predefined. The tip of the pin has an acute angle, which is preferably <20°.For producing a connection between a connecting element and a fiber composite pipe, a metallic auxiliary pipe is preferably introduced into the fiber composite pipe, which auxiliary pipe exerts a counterforce on the fiber composite pipe during the pressing process. Such a connecting element is used in particular in the form of a sleeve on hydraulic tubes, fiber composite profiles, ropes, shaft-hub connections, non-round profiles and flat components.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and associated drawings.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a sectional illustration of an embodiment according to the invention of a connecting element, FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a connecting element in a front view in a starting position, FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the pins in the starting position, FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a connecting element in a front view in an end position, FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the pins in the end position.FIG. 1 shows a lateral sectional illustration of an embodiment according to the invention of a connecting element with a pin structure. The connecting element has a base body 1 in the form of a sleeve. The sleeve 1 has an outer lateral surface 1 aand an inner lateral surface 1 b, wherein a component, not shown, is inserted into the sleeve 1 and abuts the inner lateral surface 1 bor forms a minimum circumferential gap of 0.1 mm.The sleeve 1 has through-holes 2 distributed circumferentially over the lateral surface, in which through-holes a pin 3 is arranged for each through-hole 2. The pins 3 have a tip 3.1 which points in the direction of the component.According to FIG. 1, the pins 3 are shown in an end position, i.e. they no longer project out of the outer lateral surface 1 aand are pressed into a component with the tip 3.1.Furthermore, a supporting structure 4 for the pins 3 is formed on the through holes 2 according to FIG. 1 in such a way that the pin 3 is movable only by the action of an external force. The external force is preferably a press which presses the pins 3 into the component.FIGS. 2 and 3 show a sleeve 1 in a starting position of the pins 3. The pins 3 point in the direction of the center of the sleeve 1 and are arranged circumferentially. In the starting position, the pins 3 protrude from the outer lateral surface 1 a, so that a force can act from the outside on the rear side of the pins 3. The inner diameter of the sleeve 1 is not reduced by the pins 3 in the initial position, so that a tube or other component can be easily inserted into the sleeve 1.As shown in FIG. 3 in particular, the sleeve 1 has a first captive securing means 5 for the pin 3 on the outer edge of the through-hole 2 and a second captive securing means 6 on the inner edge of the through-hole 2, which is formed on the base body 1. The first captive securing means 5 forms a securing means against falling out, the second captive securing means 6 forms a securing means against the pin 3 falling into the base body 1.The first and second captive securing means 5, 6 are designed in the form of a reduction in the diameter of the through-hole 2. Furthermore, the pin 3 has a diameter extension 7 in the form of a shoulder which forms a stop on the first and second captive securing means 5, 6, the latter resting against the outer diameter reduction 5 according to FIG. 3.FIGS. 4 and 5 show a sleeve 1 in an end position of the pins 3. The pins 3 point in the direction of the center of the sleeve 1 and are arranged circumferentially. In the end position, the pins 3 end flush on the outer lateral surface 1 a. The tip 3.1 has completely penetrated into the component.According to FIG. 5, the pin 3 is positioned with the diameter extension 7 resting against the second captive securing means 6 and reaches into a component, not shown, in particular made of a fiber composite material.List of reference characters1 Base body / sleeve 1 a Äußere outer lateral surface 1 b Innere outer lateral surface 2 Through hole 3 Pin 3.1 Tip 4 Supporting structure 5 First captive securing means 6 Second captive securing means 7 Diameter widening

Claims

Connecting element with a pin structure, having a base body (1) with through-holes (2) arranged therein at least in regions, wherein the base body (1) is designed in the form of a sleeve (1) or in the form of a non-closed profile and a pin structure with one pin (3) per through-hole (2) each is arranged in the through-holes (2) along the longitudinal axis of the through-hole (2), and wherein each pin (3) is movable within the through-hole (2) in the direction of a component located in the sleeve (1), characterized in that a first captive securing means (5) for each pin (3) is formed on the base body (1) on a first edge of a through-hole (2) and a second captive securing means (6) is formed on a second edge of the through-hole (2).Connecting element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the through-holes (2) are arranged perpendicularly to an adjoining lateral surface (1a, 1b) of the connecting element.Connecting element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each pin (3) has a tip (3.1) which points in the direction of the component.Connecting element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first and second captive securing means (5, 6) are designed in the form of a reduction in the diameter of the through-hole (2), and in that each pin (3) has a diameter widening (7) in the form of a shoulder which forms a stop on the first and second captive securing means (5, 6).Connecting element according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the through-holes (2) have an internal thread and each pin (3) has an external thread, and in that each pin (3) can be screwed in by means of both threads.Connecting element according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each pin (3) has an additional securing means in the form of perforated structures or supporting structures, with the result that the basic body (1) has a connection to the pin (3) by means of predetermined breaking points in such a way that each pin (3) is movable only by the action of an external force.Connecting element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base body (1) can be tensioned and released via a closure in a lower end position of each pin (3).Connecting element according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connecting element can be produced in one production step by means of an additive production method.Connecting element according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each pin (3) can be pressed into the component in such a way that a connection can be produced between the connecting element and the component.

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