HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE

Abstract

Heat pump system for a vehicle, comprising the system: a first cooling device (10) comprising a first radiator (12) and a first pump (14) connected to each other via a first coolant line (11), and designed to circulate a coolant through the first coolant line (11) to cool at least one electrical component (15) and at least one motor (16) arranged on the first coolant line (11); a second cooling device (20) comprising a second radiator (22) and a second pump (26) connected to each other via a second coolant line (21), and designed to circulate the coolant through the second coolant line (21); a battery module (30) arranged on a battery coolant line (31) which can be selectively connected to the second coolant line (21) via a first valve (V1); and a cooling apparatus (60) arranged in the battery coolant line (31) to allow the coolant to flow through an interior of the cooling apparatus (60), which is connected to a coolant line (51) of an air conditioning system (50) via a coolant connection line (62), and is designed to adjust a coolant temperature by means of heat exchange of a selectively received coolant with a coolant supplied by the air conditioning system (50), wherein a heat exchanger arranged in the air conditioning system (50) is connected to the first and second coolant lines (11, 21) to receive the coolant circulating through the first and second cooling devices (10, 20), and wherein the heat exchanger is connected to a first and a second connecting line (71, 72) which are connected to the coolant line (51) via a coolant valve (70) in order to condense or evaporate the coolant via heat exchange with the coolant supplied through the first and second coolant lines (11, 21), so that a flow direction of the coolant is changed depending on at least one of a plurality of modes of the vehicle.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Area of ​​the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle. Description of the related technology

[0002] An air conditioning system for a vehicle has an air conditioning unit for circulating a refrigerant to heat or cool the interior of the vehicle.

[0003] The air conditioning system, which can maintain a fresh interior condition by keeping the interior temperature of a vehicle at a suitable temperature regardless of an external temperature change, is designed to heat or cool the interior of the vehicle by means of heat exchange via an evaporator during a process in which a refrigerant, which is delivered by operating a compressor, is recirculated back to the compressor by passing through a condenser, a receiver dryer, an expansion valve and the evaporator.

[0004] In an air conditioner, a gaseous high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, compressed by the compressor, is condensed through the condenser, then evaporated via the evaporator through the receiver dryer and the expansion valve to reduce the interior temperature and humidity in a summer cooling mode.

[0005] Recently, as concerns about energy efficiency and pollution have gradually increased, the development of an environmentally friendly vehicle capable of essentially replacing a vehicle with an internal combustion engine has become necessary, and environmentally friendly vehicles are typically classified into electric vehicles, which are typically powered using a fuel cell or electricity as an energy source, and hybrid vehicles, which are powered using a motor and an electric battery.

[0006] The electric and hybrid vehicles of the environmentally friendly vehicles do not use a separate heater, unlike a general vehicle which uses an air conditioner, and an air conditioner used in the environmentally friendly vehicle is typically referred to as a heat pump system.

[0007] In the case of an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, chemical reaction energy from oxygen and hydrogen is converted into electrical energy to generate propulsion, and during this process, thermal energy is generated by the chemical reaction in the fuel cell, and as a result, effective removal of the generated heat is needed to ensure the efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0008] In hybrid vehicles, too, the driving force is generated by operating the engine using electricity supplied by the fuel cell or electric battery, together with the engine, which is powered by a conventional fuel, and as a result, the engine's performance can only be ensured by effectively dissipating the heat generated by the fuel cell or battery and the engine.

[0009] Accordingly, in a hybrid or electric vehicle of the technology referred to, a battery cooling system, a cooling section and a heat pump system can be designed to have corresponding separate circuits to prevent heat generation from an engine, electrical equipment and a battery, including a fuel cell.

[0010] Therefore, the size and weight of a cooling module located in the front of the vehicle are increased, and the layout of connecting lines for supplying coolant or cooling fluid to the heating system, cooling device, and battery cooling system in an engine compartment becomes complicated.

[0011] Furthermore, since a battery cooling system is provided separately to heat and cool the battery depending on the vehicle's condition in order to allow the battery to deliver optimal performance, a large number of valves are used for connecting lines, and this can impair driving comfort, as noise and vibrations due to the regular opening and closing operation can be transmitted into the vehicle's interior.

[0012] Furthermore, in the conventional way, an evaporator and a condenser for condensing and evaporating the refrigerant can be designed separately, and there is also a disadvantage that increases the total number of components and the weight.

[0013] The above information is provided only to improve the understanding of the general background of the invention and cannot be taken as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes the prior art known to a person skilled in the art in this field.

[0014] Furthermore, US patent 2019 / 0176572A1 discloses a heat pump system for a vehicle, comprising: a first cooling device with a first radiator, an electrical component with at least one electric motor and at least one first water pump connected to a first coolant line; a second cooling device with a second radiator and a second water pump connected to a second coolant line; a battery module arranged on a battery coolant line that is optionally connected to the second coolant line; a cooling unit connected to the battery coolant line via a second valve; a heating unit connected to the battery coolant line via a third valve; and a central power module connected to the coolant line and to a first and a second connecting line.to supply the cooling unit with low-temperature refrigerant and the heating unit with high-temperature refrigerant. BRIEF SUMMARY

[0015] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump system for a vehicle which has the advantages of using a single heat exchanger which condenses or evaporates a coolant via heat exchange with a cooling fluid depending on a cooling mode or a heating mode of a vehicle, thereby reducing the total components and weight.

[0016] The present invention provides a heat pump system according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0017] An exemplary heat pump system for a vehicle comprises a first cooling device, which includes a first radiator and a first heat pump connected to each other via a first coolant line and configured to circulate a coolant through the first coolant line to cool at least one electrical component and at least one engine; a second cooling device, which includes a second radiator and a second water pump connected to each other via a second coolant line and configured to circulate the coolant through the second coolant line; a battery module provided in a battery coolant line that can be selectively connected to the second coolant line via a first valve; and a cooling apparatus provided in the battery coolant line to enable the coolant toto flow through an interior space connected to an air conditioning system via a coolant connecting line and configured to adjust a coolant temperature by means of heat exchange between a selectively received coolant and the coolant supplied by the air conditioning system, wherein a main heat exchanger provided in the air conditioning system is connected to the first and second coolant lines to receive the coolant circulating in the first and second cooling devices, and wherein the main heat exchanger is connected to the first and second connecting lines, which are connected to the coolant line via a coolant valve, to condense or evaporate the coolant by means of heat exchange with the coolant supplied through the first and second coolant lines.so that the flow direction of the coolant is changed depending on the mode of a vehicle.

[0018] The air conditioning system may include a heater, a fan, and a HVAC module that has a door connected to the refrigerant line and adjusts ambient air flowing through an evaporator to selectively flow into an internal condenser depending on a vehicle's cooling, heating, and dehumidifying mode; a compressor connected to the refrigerant line between the evaporator and the internal condenser; a first expansion valve provided in the refrigerant line connecting the main heat exchanger and the evaporator; a second expansion valve provided in the refrigerant connection line; a first bypass line connecting the main heat exchanger and the compressor via the refrigerant valve so that the refrigerant flowing through the main heat exchanger selectively flows into the compressor; and a third expansion valve.which is provided in the coolant line between the internal condenser and the coolant valve, and a second bypass line having a first end section connected to the coolant valve and a second end section connected to the coolant line between the first expansion valve and the evaporator, so that the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger flows selectively into the evaporator.

[0019] A first end section of the first connecting line can be connected to the coolant valve and a second end section of the first connecting line can be connected to the main heat exchanger on one side of the coolant valve.

[0020] A first end section of the second connecting line can be connected to the coolant valve, and a second end section of the second connecting line can be connected to the coolant line that connects the evaporator and the main heat exchanger on opposite sides of the coolant valve.

[0021] A sub-condenser can be provided in the coolant line between the main heat exchanger and the evaporator.

[0022] In the event that the main heat exchanger condenses the coolant, the sub-condenser can additionally condense the coolant that has condensed in the main heat exchanger through heat exchange with the ambient air.

[0023] The second expansion valve can be operated when the battery module needs to be cooled, using the coolant that has exchanged heat with the coolant, and the second expansion valve can expand the coolant flowing through the coolant connection line and supply the expanded coolant to the refrigeration unit.

[0024] In the heating mode and the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle, the third expansion valve can selectively expand the coolant supplied by the internal condenser.

[0025] The first valve can selectively connect the second coolant line and the battery coolant line between the second radiator and the cooling unit. The first cooling unit can be provided with a first branch line that connects to the first coolant line between the first radiator and the first water pump via a second valve located in the first coolant line between the first radiator and the first water pump. The battery coolant line can be provided with a second branch line that connects the cooling unit and the battery module via the first valve. The second coolant line can be provided with a third branch line that separates the battery coolant line from the second coolant line.

[0026] In the cooling mode of a vehicle, the coolant in the air conditioning system can circulate through the coolant line in a state in which, by operation of the coolant valve, the first connecting line is open and the second connecting line and the first and second bypass lines are closed, and the third expansion valve can allow the coolant to pass through without expansion, which flows into the coolant valve via the coolant line.

[0027] In the first and second cooling devices, the coolant, which is cooled in the first and second radiators, can be supplied to the main heat exchanger by means of the operation of the first and second water pumps, and the main heat exchanger can condense the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0028] In the heating mode of a vehicle, the second bypass line in the air conditioning system can be closed in a state where the second connecting line and the first bypass line can be open due to the operation of the refrigerant valve. The refrigerant line connecting the main heat exchanger and the evaporator can be closed due to the operation of the first expansion valve. The refrigerant flowing from the internal condenser into the refrigerant valve can flow through the main heat exchanger via the second connecting line and then into the compressor via the first connecting line and the first bypass line, which are connected by the operation of the refrigerant valve. The third expansion valve can expand the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant valve into the main heat exchanger via the second connecting line.

[0029] The first and second cooling units can supply the coolant to the main heat exchanger by means of the operation of the first and second water pumps. The main heat exchanger can evaporate the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0030] In the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle, the second connecting line, the first bypass line and the second bypass line in the air conditioning system can be open through the operation of the coolant valve; the coolant line connecting the main heat exchanger and the evaporator can be closed through the operation of the first expansion valve; the coolant flowing from the internal condenser into the coolant valve can flow through the second connecting line into the main heat exchanger.Part of the refrigerant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger can flow into the compressor via the first connecting line and the first bypass line, which are opened by the operation of the refrigerant valve; any remaining refrigerant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger can flow into the evaporator via the first connecting line and the second bypass line, which are opened by the operation of the refrigerant valve; and the third expansion valve can expand the refrigerant that has flowed from the refrigerant valve into the main heat exchanger through the second connecting line.

[0031] The first and second cooling units can supply the coolant to the main heat exchanger by means of the operation of the first and second water pumps. The main heat exchanger can then evaporate the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0032] The second and third expansion valves can accordingly be electronic expansion valves that control the flow of the coolant and selectively expand the coolant.

[0033] The coolant valve can be connected to the first and second connecting lines, the coolant line and the first and second bypass lines, and can be designed as a 5-way valve that controls the flow of coolant.

[0034] A receiver dryer can be mounted on the main heat exchanger on the opposite side from the refrigerant valve. The receiver dryer can separate gaseous refrigerant contained in the refrigerant flowing through the main heat exchanger or refrigerant flowing into the main heat exchanger via the secondary connecting line.

[0035] The electrical component can include at least an inverter and an on-board charger (OPC), and

[0036] The at least one engine can have two motors, corresponding to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0037] Therefore, in accordance with a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a single main heat exchanger can be used to condense or evaporate the coolant via heat exchange with the cooling fluid depending on a cooling mode or a heating mode of a vehicle, thereby enabling a simplification of the system.

[0038] Furthermore, in the air conditioning system, the flow of the coolant can be efficiently controlled by controlling the operation of the coolant valve, which is designed as a 5-way valve, and therefore cooling and heating performance of the vehicle interior can be ensured.

[0039] Furthermore, simplifying the entire system can reduce production costs and weight, and improve space utilization.

[0040] The methods and devices of the present invention have other features and advantages which will become apparent from the accompanying drawings included herein and the following detailed description, or which are continued in greater detail therein, which together serve to explain certain principles of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 2 illustrates an operating state of a heat pump system for a vehicle in a vehicle cooling mode in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 3 illustrates an operating state of a heat pump system for a vehicle in a heating mode of a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. Figure 4 illustrates an operating state in a heating and dehumidifying mode of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] It should be understood that the attached drawings are not necessarily to scale, but rather present a simplified representation of various features that illustrate the basic principles of the present invention. The specific design features of the present invention, as included herein, encompass, for example, certain sizes, orientations, positions, and shapes, and are partly determined by the specific intended application and environment of use.

[0042] In the figures, reference numerals refer to identical or equivalent sections of the present invention across the various figures of the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the present invention is described in connection with exemplary embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the present invention to these exemplary embodiments. On the other hand, the present invention is intended not only to cover the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, but also to be defined by the attached claims.

[0044] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present description and the construction shown in the drawings are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and do not cover the entire scope of the present invention.

[0046] To clarify the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and identical elements or equivalents are referred to across the description using the same reference numerals.

[0047] The size and thickness of the respective elements are shown arbitrarily in the drawings, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and for the sake of clarity, the thicknesses of layers, films, panels, areas, etc. are shown enlarged in the drawings.

[0048] Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "include" and variations thereof, such as "shows of" or "contains", are understood to imply the inclusion of the elements mentioned, but not the exclusion of any other elements.

[0049] Furthermore, each of the terms, such as “..unit”, “..means”, “..part” and “..element”, described in the description, means a unit of a total element that performs at least one function or operation.

[0050] Fig. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] A heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment uses a single heat exchanger which condenses or evacuates a coolant via heat exchange with a cooling fluid depending on a cooling mode or a heating mode of a vehicle, thereby reducing the overall components and weight.

[0052] In this heat pump system, for example in an electric vehicle, a first cooling device 10 for cooling at least one electrical component 15 and at least one motor 16, a second cooling device 20 for cooling a battery module 30 and an air conditioning unit 50 as an air conditioning unit for cooling or heating an interior space can work together.

[0053] That is, referring to Fig. 1, that the heat pump system comprises the first and second cooling devices 10 and 20, the battery module 30 and a cooling apparatus 60.

[0054] The first cooling device 10 initially comprises a first radiator 12 and a first water pump 14, which are connected to each other via a first coolant line 11. The first cooling device 10 circulates a coolant through the first coolant line 11 by means of the operation of the first water pump 14 in order to cool the electrical component 15 and the motor 16.

[0055] The first radiator 12 is located at the front of a vehicle and a cooling fan 13 is provided at the rear of the first radiator 12 to cool the coolant via heat exchange with ambient air, for example by operating the cooling fan 13.

[0056] The electrical component 15 may include an energy control device or an on-board charger (OPC) 15a or inverters 15b and 15c. The energy control device or the inverters 15b and 15c may generate heat during driving, and the on-board charger 15a may generate heat when charging the battery module 30.

[0057] Furthermore, the at least one motor 16 can have a front and a rear motor 16a and 16b, which correspond to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

[0058] Furthermore, the inverters 15b and 15c can be provided as a pair corresponding to the front and rear motors 16a and 16b.

[0059] The electrical component 15 and the motor 16 can be arranged in series in the first coolant line 11.

[0060] Furthermore, a first reservoir tank 19 is provided in the first coolant line 11 between the first radiator 12 and the first water pump 14. The first reservoir tank 19 can store a coolant that is cooled in the first radiator 12.

[0061] The first cooling device 10 circulates the coolant, which is cooled in the first radiator 12, through the first coolant line 11 by means of the operation of the first water pump 14, thereby cooling the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 so that they do not overheat.

[0062] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second cooling device 20 comprises a second radiator 22 and a second water pump 26, which are connected to each other via a second coolant line 21, and the coolant circulates in the second coolant line 21.

[0063] The second cooling device 20 can selectively direct the coolant, which is cooled in the second radiator 22, to the battery module 30.

[0064] The second radiator 22 is arranged in front of the first radiator 12 to cool the coolant via heat exchange with ambient air, for example by operating the cooling fan 13.

[0065] Furthermore, a second reservoir tank 27 is provided in the second coolant line 21 between the second radiator 22 and the second water pump 26. The second reservoir tank 27 can store coolant that is cooled in the second radiator 22.

[0066] The second cooling device 20 can circulate the coolant, which is cooled in the second radiator 42, via the second coolant line 21 by means of the operation of the second water pump 26.

[0067] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the battery module 30 is provided in a battery coolant line 31, which can be selectively connected to the second coolant line 21 via a first valve V1.

[0068] In this case, the first valve V1 can selectively connect the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31 between the second radiator 22 and the battery module 30.

[0069] In more detail, the first valve V1 connects the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31 between the cooling apparatus 60 and the second radiator 22, which is provided in the battery coolant line 31.

[0070] In this case, the battery module supplies electrical energy to the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 and is of a water-cooled type, which is cooled by a coolant that flows through the battery coolant line 31.

[0071] That is, the battery module 30 can be selectively connected to the second cooling device 20 via the battery coolant line 31 in accordance with the operation of the first valve V1. Furthermore, the coolant can circulate through the battery module 30 by means of the operation of a third water pump 33, which is provided in the battery coolant line 31.

[0072] The third water pump 33 is located between the cooling unit 60 and the battery module 30 in the battery coolant line 31. The third water pump 33 circulates the coolant through the battery coolant line 31.

[0073] The first, second and third water pumps 14, 26 and 33 can each be an electric water pump.

[0074] Meanwhile, the first cooling device 10 can be provided with a first branch line 18, which is connected to the first reservoir tank 19 between the first radiator 12 and the first water pump 14 via a second valve V2, which is provided in the first coolant line 11 between the first radiator 12 and the first water pump 14.

[0075] In more detail, the second valve V2 is provided between the electrical component 15, the motor 16 and the first radiator 12 in the first coolant line 11.

[0076] A first end section of the first branch line 18 can be connected to the first coolant line 11 via the second valve V2 and a second end section of the first branch line 18 can be connected to the first reservoir tank 19, which is provided between the first radiator 12 and the first water pump 14.

[0077] The first branch line 18 is selectively opened by the operation of the second valve V2 when the waste heat generated in the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 is absorbed to increase the coolant temperature. At the same time, the first coolant line 11, which is connected to the first radiator 12, is closed by the operation of the second valve V2.

[0078] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the cooling apparatus 60 is provided in the battery coolant line 31 to allow the coolant to flow through an interior space and is connected to a coolant line 51 of the air conditioning system 50 via a coolant connection line 62.

[0079] The cooling unit 60 can adjust the coolant temperature by means of heat exchange of the coolant, which flows selectively into the interior along with the coolant supplied by the air conditioning system 50. The cooling unit 60 can be a water-cooled heat exchanger into which a coolant flows.

[0080] Meanwhile, the battery coolant line 31 can be provided with a coolant heater 35 between the battery module 30 and the cooling unit 60.

[0081] If it is necessary to increase the temperature of the battery module 30, the coolant heater 35 can be switched on to heat the coolant circulating through the battery coolant line 31, and the coolant at an increased temperature can flow to the battery module 30.

[0082] The coolant heater 35 can be an electric heater that operates in accordance with the supply of electrical energy.

[0083] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the battery coolant line 31 can be provided with a second branch line 80, which connects the battery coolant line 31 between the cooling apparatus 60 and the battery module 30 via the first valve V1.

[0084] Furthermore, the second coolant line 21 is provided with a third branch line 90, which separates the battery coolant line 31 and the second coolant line 21.

[0085] The third branch line 90 can be fluidically selectively connected to the second coolant line 21, so that the second cooling device 20 can form an independently closed circuit through the second coolant line 21.

[0086] Meanwhile, an additional velvet valve can be provided at the intersection points of the third branch line 90 with the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31, or in the third branch line 90. Such a valve can be a 3-way valve or a 2-way valve.

[0087] Accordingly, the first valve V1 selectively connects the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31 or selectively connects the battery coolant line 31 and the second branch line 80 to control the flow movement of the coolant.

[0088] That is, if the battery module 30 is to be cooled by means of the coolant which is cooled in the second radiator 22, the first valve V1 can connect the second coolant line 21, which is connected to the second radiator 42, to the battery coolant line 31, and can close the second branch line 80.

[0089] Accordingly, the coolant, which is cooled in the second radiator 22, can flow through the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31, which are connected to each other by means of the operation of the first valve V1, and can cool the battery module 30.

[0090] Furthermore, if the battery module is to be cooled by means of the coolant that has exchanged heat with the coolant, the first valve V1 can open the second branch line 80 and close the connection between the second coolant line 21 and the battery coolant line 31.

[0091] Accordingly, the coolant at a low temperature, which has exchanged heat with the coolant in the cooling apparatus 60, can flow into the battery module 30 via the second branch line 80, which is open through the first valve V1, thereby efficiently cooling the battery module 30.

[0092] On the other hand, if the temperature of the battery module 30 is to be increased, the coolant circulating through the battery coolant line 31 due to the operation of the first valve V1 is prevented from flowing into the second radiator 22, and the coolant heated by the operation of the coolant heater 35 flows to the battery module 30, thus rapidly increasing the temperature of the battery module 30.

[0093] Meanwhile, by way of example only, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described such that the third branch line 90 is not provided with a valve, but this is not limited to such an embodiment. A valve can also be used in the third branch line 90 if it is needed to selectively open the third branch line 90.

[0094] That is, flow control of the circulating coolant is enabled via a selective connection between the second coolant line 21, the battery coolant line 31 and the second branch line 80 in accordance with modes (heating, cooling and dehumidifying mode) of a vehicle and the operation of the second and third water pumps 26 and 33, and therefore the opening and closing of the third branch line 90 can be controlled.

[0095] Meanwhile, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the air conditioning system 50 comprises a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) module 52, a main heat exchanger 53, a receiver dryer 54, a first expansion valve 56, an evaporator 57, an accumulator 58 and a compressor 59, which are connected to each other via the refrigerant line 51.

[0096] Firstly, the HVAC module 52 is connected to the refrigerant line 51 and has a door 52c that adjusts the ambient air that has flowed through the evaporator 57 to flow selectively to an internal condenser 52a and an internal heater 52b in accordance with a cooling, heating and heating / dehumidifying mode of a vehicle.

[0097] That is, the door 52c is open in the heating mode of a vehicle, so that the ambient air that has flowed through the evaporator 57 can flow to the internal condenser 52a and the internal heater 52b.

[0098] In contrast, in the cooling mode of a vehicle, the door 52c closes the internal condenser 52a and the internal heater 52b, so that the ambient air, which is cooled as it flows through the evaporator 57, can flow directly into the vehicle.

[0099] The main heat exchanger 53 is connected to the coolant line 51 to receive the coolant, and is also connected to the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21 to receive the coolant that circulates the first and second cooling devices 10 and 20 respectively.

[0100] The main heat exchanger 53 can condense or evaporate the coolant via heat exchange with the coolant supplied through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21, depending on the vehicle's operating mode. That is, the main heat exchanger 53 can be a water-cooled heat exchanger into which a coolant flows.

[0101] In this case, the main heat exchanger 53 can be connected accordingly to the first and second connecting lines 71 and 72, which are connected to the coolant line 51 via a coolant valve 70, so that the flow direction of the coolant can be changed in order to condense or evaporate the coolant depending on the mode of a vehicle.

[0102] Therefore, the coolant flowing through the main heat exchanger 53 can exchange heat with the coolant supplied through the first coolant line 11 and the coolant supplied through the second coolant line 21.

[0103] Meanwhile, a first end section of the first connecting line 71 can be connected to the coolant valve 70 and a second end section of the first connecting line 71 can be connected to the main heat exchanger 53 on one side of the coolant valve 70.

[0104] Furthermore, a first end section of the second connecting line 72 can be connected to the coolant valve 70 and a second end section of the second connecting line 72 can be connected to the coolant line 51, which connects the evaporator 57 and the main heat exchanger 53, on an opposite side of the coolant valve 70.

[0105] The main heat exchanger 53 can exchange heat of the coolant supplied by the compressor 59 through the internal condenser 52a with the coolant supplied by the first cooling device 10 and can additionally exchange heat of the coolant and coolant supplied by the second cooling device 20.

[0106] Through such operation, the main heat exchanger 53 can further reduce the coolant temperature and increase the amount of condensation or evaporation.

[0107] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the receiver dryer 54 is arranged on the main heat exchanger 53 on the opposite side of the coolant valve 70.

[0108] The receiver dryer 54 can separate a gaseous refrigerant contained in the refrigerant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53, or in the refrigerant that flows into the main heat exchanger 53 through the second connecting line 72.

[0109] In this case, the receiver dryer 54 can be integrally arranged on the main heat exchanger 53.

[0110] Meanwhile, a sub-condenser 55 can be provided in the coolant line 51 between the main heat exchanger 53 and the evaporator 57 to additionally condense the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53.

[0111] The sub-capacitor 55 is located in front of the second radiator 22 and exchanges heat from the received coolant with the ambient air.

[0112] Accordingly, in the case that the heat exchanger 53 condenses the coolant, the sub-condenser 55 further condenses the coolant that has condensed in the main heat exchanger 53, thereby increasing the subcooling of the coolant, and the coefficient of performance (COP), which is a coefficient of cooling capacity compared to the energy required by the compressor, can be improved.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first expansion valve 56 is provided in the coolant line 51, which connects the sub-condenser 55 and the evaporator 57. The first expansion valve 56 is supplied with the coolant that has flowed through the sub-condenser 55 and expands the received coolant. The first expansion valve 56 can be a mechanical expansion valve.

[0114] The compressor 59 is connected to the refrigerant line 51 between the evaporator 57 and the main heat exchanger 53. The compressor 59 compresses the refrigerant in a gaseous state and can supply the compressed refrigerant to the internal condenser 52a.

[0115] Meanwhile, the accumulator 58 is provided in the coolant line 51 between the evaporator 57 and the compressor 59.

[0116] The accumulator 58 improves the efficiency and durability of the compressor 59 by simply supplying the refrigerant in gaseous form to the compressor 59.

[0117] The air conditioning system 50, which is designed as described above, may further comprise a second expansion valve 64, a first bypass line 73, a third expansion valve 74 and a second bypass line 75.

[0118] First, the second expansion valve 64 is provided in the coolant connection line 62 between the sub-condenser 55 and the cooling apparatus 60.

[0119] The second expansion valve 64 is operated when the battery module 30 is to be cooled using the coolant that has exchanged heat with the coolant. The second expansion valve 64 can expand the coolant flowing through the coolant connection line 62 and supply the expanded coolant to the cooling unit 60.

[0120] That is, the second expansion valve 64 expands the condensed coolant discharged by the sub-condenser 55 and supplies the coolant at a reduced temperature to the cooling apparatus 60, thereby further reducing the coolant temperature flowing through the cooling apparatus 60.

[0121] Accordingly, the battery module receives a coolant at a reduced temperature by flowing through the cooling apparatus 60, thereby achieving further efficient cooling.

[0122] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first bypass line 73 can connect the main heat exchanger 53 and the compressor 59 via the coolant valve 70, so that the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53 can selectively flow into the compressor 59.

[0123] The third expansion valve 74 can be provided in the coolant line 51 between the internal condenser 52a and the main heat exchanger 53.

[0124] In the heating mode of a vehicle and the heating and dehumidifying mode, the third expansion valve 74 can selectively expand the coolant flowing from the internal condenser 52a into the main heat exchanger 53.

[0125] Furthermore, a first end section of the second bypass line 75 can be connected to the coolant valve 70 and a second end section of the second bypass line 75 can be connected to the coolant line 51 between the first expansion valve 56 and the evaporator 57, so that the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53 can selectively flow into the evaporator 57.

[0126] In this case, the coolant valve 70 is connected to the first and second connecting lines 71 and 72, the coolant line 51 and the first and second bypass lines 73 and 75 and can be a 5-way valve that controls a flow movement of the coolant.

[0127] Furthermore, the second expansion valve 64 and the third expansion valve 74 can be an electronic expansion valve that controls a flow movement of the coolant and selectively expands the coolant.

[0128] Furthermore, the first and second valves V1 and V2 can be 3-way valves designed to distribute a flow.

[0129] The following describes in detail the operation of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 described.

[0130] Firstly, operation in the cooling mode of a vehicle in a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 2 described.

[0131] Fig. Figure 2 illustrates an operating state in the cooling mode of a vehicle of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0132] Referring to Fig. 2 In the cooling mode of a vehicle, the coolant in the air conditioning system 50 circulates through the coolant line 51 by means of cooperative operation of the components to cool the vehicle interior.

[0133] In this case, the first connecting line 71 in the air conditioning system 50 is open by operating the coolant valve 70.

[0134] At the same time, the coolant circulates through the coolant line 51 in a state in which the second connecting line 72 and the first and second bypass lines 73 and 75 are closed.

[0135] Furthermore, the coolant connection line 62 is closed by means of the operation of the second expansion valve 64.

[0136] In this case, the third expansion valve 74 can allow the coolant to pass through without expansion, which flows into the coolant valve 70 via the coolant line 51.

[0137] Meanwhile, in the first and second cooling device 10 and 20, the coolant, which is cooled in the first and second radiator 12 and 22, can be supplied to the main heat exchanger 53 by means of the operation of the first and second water pump 14 and 26.

[0138] Accordingly, the main heat exchanger 53 can condense the coolant via heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0139] That is, the main heat exchanger 53 condenses the coolant it has received via the first connecting line 71, using the coolant flowing through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21.

[0140] The gaseous refrigerant contained in the refrigerant that has condensed in the main heat exchanger 53 is separated as it flows through the receiver dryer 54. The liquid refrigerant that has flowed through the receiver dryer 54 is fed to the sub-condenser 55 via the refrigerant line 51.

[0141] The coolant, which continues to condense as it flows through the sub-condenser 55, flows through the coolant line 51 to cool the vehicle interior, and subsequently flows through the first expansion valve 56, the evaporator 57, the accumulator 58, the compressor 59, the internal condenser 52a and the main heat exchanger 53.

[0142] In this process, the ambient air flowing into the HVAC module 52 as it passes through the evaporator 57 is cooled by means of the low-temperature coolant that has flowed into the evaporator.

[0143] At this point, the door 52c closes off a section towards the internal condenser 52a, thus preventing the cooled ambient air from flowing through the internal condenser 52a and the internal heater 52b. Therefore, the cooled ambient air flows directly into the vehicle interior to cool it.

[0144] Meanwhile, the refrigerant, which is further condensed, is supplied to the evaporator 57, while subsequently flowing through the main heat exchanger 53 and the sub-condenser 55, and therefore the refrigerant can be evaporated at a lower temperature.

[0145] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the main heat exchanger 53 primarily condenses the coolant, and the sub-condenser 55 additionally condenses the coolant. Therefore, the formation of the coolant's subcooling can be simplified.

[0146] Furthermore, since the coolant formed by subcooling is evaporated to a lower temperature in the evaporator 57, the temperature of the coolant exchanging heat in the evaporator 57 can be further reduced, thereby improving cooling performance and efficiency.

[0147] That is, the coolant can cool the interior in the cooling mode of a vehicle while the process described above is repeated.

[0148] Meanwhile, although not shown in the drawings, in the cooling mode of a vehicle, when the battery module 30 is to be cooled using the coolant, the coolant connection line 62 may be open by the operation of the second expansion valve 64.

[0149] Accordingly, the cooling unit 60 receives the coolant, which is expanded as it flows through the second expansion valve 64. Therefore, the coolant circulating through the battery coolant line 31 can be cooled by heat exchange with the coolant as it flows through the cooling unit 60.

[0150] The coolant, which is cooled in the cooling unit 60, flows through the battery coolant line 31 to reach the battery module 30. Accordingly, the battery module 30 can be efficiently cooled by means of the coolant at a low temperature, which is supplied via the battery coolant line 31.

[0151] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, operation in the heating mode of a vehicle is described with reference to Fig. 3 described.

[0152] Fig. Figure 3 illustrates an operating state in the heating mode of a vehicle of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0153] Referring to Fig. 3, in the heating mode of a vehicle, in the air conditioning system 50, the coolant circulates through the coolant line 51 to heat the vehicle interior by means of cooperative operation of the components.

[0154] In this case, in the air conditioning system 50, the second bypass line 75 is closed in a state in which the second connecting line 72 and the first bypass line 73 are open due to the operation of the coolant valve 70.

[0155] Furthermore, the operation of the first expansion valve 56 closes the coolant line 51, which connects the main heat exchanger 53 and the evaporator 57.

[0156] Accordingly, the coolant that has flowed from the internal condenser 52a into the coolant valve 70 flows through the main heat exchanger 53 through the second connecting line 72 and then flows through the first connecting line 71 and the first bypass line 73, which are connected to each other by the operation of the coolant valve 70, into the compressor 59.

[0157] In this process, the third expansion valve 74 can expand the coolant that flows from the coolant valve 70 through the second connecting line 72 into the main heat exchanger 53.

[0158] Meanwhile, the first and second cooling devices 10 and 20 can supply the coolant to the main heat exchanger 53 by operating the first and second water pumps 14 and 26.

[0159] Accordingly, the main heat exchanger 53 can evaporate the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0160] That is, the main heat exchanger 53 evaporates the coolant it has received through the second connecting line 72, using the coolant flowing through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21.

[0161] The coolant, which is evaporated as it flows through the main heat exchanger 53, is fed to the accumulator 58 through the first connecting line 71 and the first bypass line 73, which are connected to each other by the operation of the coolant valve 70.

[0162] The coolant supplied to the accumulator 58 is separated into gas and liquid, and of the coolants separated into gas and liquid, the gaseous coolant is supplied to the compressor 59.

[0163] The coolant, which is compressed in the compressor 59 under a state of high temperature and high pressure, flows into the internal condenser 52a.

[0164] Here, the door 52c is open, allowing the ambient air that has flowed into the HVAC module 52 and through the evaporator 57 to flow through the internal condenser 52a.

[0165] Accordingly, the ambient air flowing in from outside passes through the evaporator 57 without being supplied with the refrigerant and flows into the vehicle interior at room temperature without being cooled. The incoming ambient air is heated to a high temperature as it flows through the internal condenser 52a and then flows into the vehicle interior via the internal heater 52b, which is operated selectively to heat the vehicle interior.

[0166] Meanwhile, although not shown in the drawings, the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 is collected in the heating mode of a vehicle; the second valve V2 can open the first branch line 18 and close the first coolant line 11, which connects the electrical component 15, the motor 16 and the first radiator 12.

[0167] Accordingly, the coolant that has flowed through the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 maintains a circulation through the first coolant line 11 without flowing through the first radiator 12, and absorbs the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor 16, thereby increasing the coolant temperature.

[0168] The coolant at the increased temperature can be fed to the main heat exchanger 53.

[0169] That is, the waste heat generated in the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 increases the temperature of the coolant circulating in the first coolant line 11.

[0170] Accordingly, the coolant, which has a temperature that is increased in the first cooling device 10, can increase the temperature of the coolant delivered by the main heat exchanger 53 as it flows through the main heat exchanger 53 by means of the operation of the first water pump 14 and thereby the waste heat can be collected.

[0171] In more detail, the main heat exchanger 53 can evaporate the coolant using the coolant flowing through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21, and collect the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 to achieve an increased temperature.

[0172] That is, in accordance with a heat pump system in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when heating of the vehicle is required, the waste heat generated in the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 is absorbed and used to increase the coolant temperature, and therefore the energy consumption of the compressor 59 can be reduced and heating efficiency can be improved.

[0173] In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, operation in the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle is described with regard to Fig. 4 described.

[0174] Fig. Figure 4 illustrates an operating state in a heating and dehumidifying mode of a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0175] Referring to Fig.4, in the cooling mode of a vehicle, in the air conditioning system 50, the coolant circulates through the coolant line 51 to cool the vehicle interior by means of cooperative operation of the components.

[0176] In this case, in the air conditioning system 50, the second connecting line 72, the first bypass line 73 and the second bypass line 75 are opened by means of the operation of the coolant valve 70.

[0177] Furthermore, by operating the first expansion valve 56, the coolant line 51, which connects the main heat exchanger 53 and the evaporator 57, is closed.

[0178] Accordingly, the coolant that has flowed from the internal condenser 52a into the coolant valve 70 flows through the second connecting line 72 into the main heat exchanger 53.

[0179] In this process, a portion of the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53 flows through the first connecting line 71 and the first bypass line 73, which are opened by means of the operation of the coolant valve 70, into the compressor 59.

[0180] Furthermore, any remaining coolant from the coolant that has flowed through the main heat exchanger 53 flows through the first connecting line 71 and the second bypass line 75, which are opened by the operation of the coolant valve 70, into the evaporator 57.

[0181] In this process, the third expansion valve 74 can expand the coolant that flows from the coolant valve 70 through the second connecting line 72 into the main heat exchanger 53.

[0182] Meanwhile, the first and second cooling devices 10 and 20 can supply the coolant to the main heat exchanger 53 by operating the first and second water pumps 14 and 26.

[0183] Accordingly, the main heat exchanger 53 can evaporate the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid.

[0184] That is, the main heat exchanger 53 evaporates the coolant it has received through the second connecting line 72, using the coolant flowing through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21.

[0185] The partial coolant of the refrigerant that evaporates as it flows through the main heat exchanger 53 is supplied to the accumulator 58 through the first connecting line 71 and the first bypass line 73, which are connected to each other by means of the operation of the refrigerant valve 70.

[0186] The coolant supplied to the accumulator 58 is separated into gas and liquid, and among the coolants separated into gas and liquid, the gaseous coolant is supplied to the compressor 59.

[0187] The coolant, which is compressed in the compressor 59 under a state of high temperature and high pressure, flows into the internal condenser 52a.

[0188] Meanwhile, the evaporated refrigerant, which is supplied to the evaporator 57 via the second bypass line 75, exchanges heat with the ambient air flowing through the evaporator 57 and then flows through the accumulator 58 to be supplied to the compressor 59 via the refrigerant line 51.

[0189] That is, the refrigerant that has flowed through the evaporator 57 can flow through the accumulator 58 to be supplied to the compressor 59, together with the refrigerant that has flowed into the first bypass line 73.

[0190] Furthermore, the coolant, which is compressed in the compressor 59 under a state of high temperature and high pressure, flows into the internal condenser 52a.

[0191] Here, the door 52c is open, allowing the ambient air that has flowed into the HVAC module 52 and through the evaporator 57 to flow through the internal condenser 52a.

[0192] That is, the ambient air flowing into the HVAC module 52 is dehumidified by the low-temperature refrigerant that has flowed into the evaporator 57 as it passes through it. Accordingly, the incoming ambient air is converted to a high temperature as it flows through the internal condenser 52a and flows into the vehicle interior by way of flow through the internal heater 52b, which is operated selectively to achieve heating and dehumidification of the vehicle interior.

[0193] Furthermore, a portion of the refrigerant that evaporates while flowing through the main heat exchanger 53 can be fed to the evaporator 57 through the second bypass line 75, thereby enabling internal dehumidification without the operation of the first expansion valve 56.

[0194] Meanwhile, although not shown in the drawings, in the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle, when the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 is collected, the second valve V2 can open the first branch line 18 and close the first coolant line 11, which connects the electrical component 15, the motor 16 and the first radiator 12.

[0195] Accordingly, the coolant that has flowed through the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 maintains a circulation through the first coolant line 11 without flowing through the first radiator 12, and absorbs the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor, thereby increasing the coolant temperature.

[0196] The coolant at an elevated temperature can be supplied to the main heat exchanger 53.

[0197] That is, the waste heat generated in the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 increases the temperature of the coolant circulating in the first coolant line 11.

[0198] Accordingly, the coolant, which has a temperature that is increased in the first cooling device 10, can increase the temperature of the coolant delivered by the main heat exchanger 53 as it flows through the main heat exchanger 53 by means of the operation of the first water pump 14, and thereby the waste heat can be recovered.

[0199] In more detail, the main heat exchanger 53 can evaporate the coolant using the coolant flowing through the first and second coolant lines 11 and 21, and collects the waste heat from the electrical component 15 and the motor 16 to maintain a higher temperature.

[0200] That is, in accordance with a heat pump system in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle, the waste heat generated in the electrical component 15 in the motor 16 is used to increase the coolant temperature, and therefore the energy consumption of the compressor 59 can be reduced and heating efficiency can be improved.

[0201] Therefore, in accordance with a heat pump system for a vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a single main heat exchanger 53 can be used to condense or evaporate the coolant by means of a heat exchange with the coolant depending on a cooling mode or a heating mode of a vehicle, and thus a simplification of the system can be enabled.

[0202] Furthermore, in the air conditioning system 50 the flow movement of the coolant can be efficiently controlled by controlling the operation of the coolant valve 70, which is designed as a 5-way valve, and therefore cooling and heating performance of the vehicle interior can be ensured.

[0203] Furthermore, in the heating mode and the heating and dehumidifying mode of a vehicle, the waste heat from the electrical component 15, the motor 16 and the battery module 30 can be selectively used to improve heating efficiency.

[0204] Furthermore, the optimal performance of the battery module 30 is made possible by adjusting the temperature of the battery module 30 using the cooling apparatus 60, and the total travel distance of a vehicle can be increased by efficient management of the battery module 30.

[0205] Furthermore, simplifying the entire system allows for a reduction in production costs and weight, and improves space utilization.

[0206] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a controller is connected to at least one of the elements comprising the first water pump 14, the second water pump 26, and the third water pump 33, the first valve V1, the second valve V2, and the coolant valve 70 of the heat pump system, in order to control their operation. Additionally, the term "controller" refers to a hardware device comprising a memory and a processor configured to execute one or more steps, which are interpreted as an algorithmic structure. The memory stores algorithmic steps, and the processor executes the algorithmic steps to carry out one or more processes of a method in accordance with various exemplary embodiments of the present invention.The control system, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention, can be implemented via a non-volatile memory configured to store algorithms for controlling the operation of various components of a vehicle or data concerning software instructions for executing the algorithms, and a processor configured to perform the operation described above using the data stored in the memory. The memory and the processor can be separate chips. Alternatively, the memory and the processor can be integrated into a single chip. The processor can be implemented as one or more processors.

[0207] To simplify the explanation and ensure accurate definition in the appended claims, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "above," "below," "upward," "downward," "front," "backward," "rear," "inside," "outside," "inward," "outward," "internal," "external," "inner," "outer," "forward," and "backward" are used to describe features of the exemplary embodiments with respect to the positions of these features as shown in the figures. Furthermore, it should be understood that the term "connect" or its derivatives refer to direct and indirect connections.

[0208] The preceding descriptions of the specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for illustrative and descriptive purposes. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the precisely disclosed forms, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the preceding teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been chosen and described to explain certain principles of the present invention and their practical application, to enable other persons skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims attached herein.

Claims

[1] Heat pump system for a vehicle, comprising the system: a first cooling device (10) comprising a first radiator (12) and a first pump (14) connected to each other via a first coolant line (11), and designed to circulate a coolant through the first coolant line (11) to cool at least one electrical component (15) and at least one motor (16) arranged on the first coolant line (11); a second cooling device (20) comprising a second radiator (22) and a second pump (26) connected to each other via a second coolant line (21), and designed to circulate the coolant through the second coolant line (21); a battery module (30) arranged on a battery coolant line (31) which can be selectively connected to the second coolant line (21) via a first valve (V1); and a cooling apparatus (60) arranged in the battery coolant line (31) to allow the coolant to flow through an interior of the cooling apparatus (60), which is connected to a coolant line (51) of an air conditioning system (50) via a coolant connection line (62), and is designed to adjust a coolant temperature by means of heat exchange of a selectively received coolant with a coolant supplied by the air conditioning system (50), wherein a heat exchanger arranged in the air conditioning system (50) is connected to the first and second coolant lines (11, 21) to receive the coolant circulating through the first and second cooling devices (10, 20), and wherein the heat exchanger is connected to a first and a second connecting line (71, 72) which are connected to the coolant line (51) via a coolant valve (70) in order to condense or evaporate the coolant via heat exchange with the coolant supplied through the first and second coolant lines (11, 21), so that a flow direction of the coolant is changed depending on at least one of a plurality of modes of the vehicle. [2] Heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning system (50) comprises: a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) module (52) having a door (52c), wherein the HVAC module (52) is connected to the coolant line (51) and is configured to adapt an ambient air that has flowed through an evaporator (57) to flow selectively into an internal condenser (52a) arranged on the coolant line (51), depending on a cooling, heating and dehumidifying mode of the majority of modes of the vehicle; a compressor (59) connected to the refrigerant line (51) between the evaporator (57) and the internal condenser (52a); a first expansion valve (56) arranged on the coolant line (51) connecting the heat exchanger and the evaporator (57); a second expansion valve (64) which is arranged in the coolant connection line (62); a first bypass line (73) that connects the heat exchanger and the compressor (59) via the coolant valve (70) so that the coolant that has flowed through the heat exchanger flows selectively into the compressor (59); a third expansion valve (74) arranged in the coolant line (51) between the internal condenser (52a) and the coolant valve (70); and a second bypass line (75) having a first end section connected to the coolant valve (70) and a second end section connected to the coolant line (51) between the first expansion valve (56) and the evaporator (57), so that the coolant that has flowed through the heat exchanger flows selectively into the evaporator (57). [3] Heat pump system according to claim 2, wherein a first end section of the first connecting line (71) is connected to the coolant valve (70) and a second end section of the first connecting line (71) is connected to the heat exchanger, on one side of the coolant valve (70). [4] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein a first end section of the second connecting line (72) is connected to the coolant valve (70) and a second end section of the second connecting line (72) is connected to the coolant line (51) connecting the evaporator (57) and the heat exchanger, on opposite sides of the coolant valve (70). [5] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a sub-condenser (55) is arranged in the coolant line (51) between the heat exchanger and the evaporator (57). [6] Heat pump system according to claim 5, wherein, when the heat exchanger condenses the coolant, the sub-condenser (55) further condenses the coolant that has condensed in the heat exchanger via a heat exchange with the ambient air. [7] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the second expansion valve (64) is operated when the battery module (30) is to be cooled using the coolant which has exchanged heat with the coolant, such that the second expansion valve (64) is configured to expand the coolant flowing through the coolant connection line (62) and supply the expanded coolant to the cooling apparatus (60). [8] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein, in the heating mode and the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle, the third expansion valve (74) selectively expands the coolant supplied by the internal condenser (52a). [9] Heat pump system according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the first valve (V1) is designed to selectively connect the second coolant line (21) and the battery coolant line (31) between the second radiator (22) and the cooling apparatus (60); wherein the first cooling device (10) further comprises a first branch line (18) which is connected between the first radiator (12) and the first pump (14) via a second valve (V2) to the first coolant line (11) which is arranged in the first coolant line (11) between the first radiator (12) and the first pump (14); wherein the battery coolant line (31) has a second branch line (80) which is connected to the cooling apparatus (60) and the battery module (30) via the first valve (V1); and wherein the second coolant line (21) has a third branch line (90) which separates the battery coolant line (31) and the second coolant line (21). [10] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 9, wherein in the cooling mode of the vehicle in the air conditioning system (50): the coolant circulates through the coolant line (51) while the first connecting line (71) is open by the operation of the coolant valve (70) and the second connecting line (72) and the first and second bypass lines (75) are closed; and The third expansion valve (74) is designed to allow the coolant flowing into the coolant valve (70) through the coolant line (51) to pass through without expansion. [11] Heat pump system according to claim 10, wherein In the first and second cooling devices (10, 20), the coolant, which is cooled in the first and second radiators (12, 22), is supplied to the heat exchanger by means of the operation of the first and second pumps (14, 26); and The heat exchanger condenses the coolant through heat exchange with the cooling fluid. [12] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 11, wherein in the heating mode of the vehicle in the air conditioning system (50): the second bypass line (75) is closed, while the second connecting line (72) and the first bypass line (73) are open due to the operation of the coolant valve (70); the coolant line (51) connecting the heat exchanger and the evaporator (57) is closed by the operation of the first expansion valve (56); The coolant, which has flowed from the internal condenser (52a) into the coolant valve (70), is designed to flow through the heat exchanger via the second connecting line (72), and then flows into the compressor (59) via the first connecting line (71) and the first bypass line (73), which are connected to each other by the operation of the coolant valve (70); and the third expansion valve (74) is designed to expand the coolant flowing from the coolant valve (70) into the heat exchanger via the second connecting line (72). [13] Heat pump system according to claim 12, wherein the first and second cooling devices (10, 20) are configured to supply the coolant to the heat exchanger by operating the first and second pumps (14, 26) accordingly; and the heat exchanger evaporates the coolant via heat exchange with the cooling fluid. [14] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 13, wherein in the heating and dehumidifying mode of the vehicle in the air conditioning system (50): the second connecting line (72), the first bypass line (73) and the second bypass line (75) are designed to be open by the operation of the coolant valve (70); the coolant line (51) which connects the heat exchanger and the evaporator (57) is designed to be closed by means of operation of the first expansion valve (56); the coolant that has flowed from the internal condenser (52a) into the coolant valve (70) flows through the second connecting line (72) into the heat exchanger; a portion of the coolant that has flowed through the heat exchanger flows through the first connecting line (71) and the first bypass line (73) into the compressor (59), which are opened by the operation of the coolant valve (70); a remaining coolant that has flowed through the heat exchanger flows through the first connecting line (71) and the second bypass line (75) into the first evaporator (57), which are opened by the operation of the coolant valve (70); and the third expansion valve (74) is designed to expand the coolant flowing from the coolant valve (70) through the second connecting line (72) into the heat exchanger. [15] Heat pump system according to claim 14, wherein the first and second cooling devices (10, 20) are configured to selectively supply the cooling fluid to the heat exchanger by operating the first and second pumps (14, 26); and the heat exchanger evaporates the coolant via a heat exchange with the cooling fluid. [16] Heat pump system according to any one of claims 2 to 15, wherein the second and third expansion valve (64, 74) are each an electronic expansion valve which controls the flow motion of the coolant and selectively expands the coolant. [17] Heat pump system according to one of claims 2 to 16, wherein the coolant valve (70) is connected to the first and second connecting lines (71, 72), the coolant line (51) and the first and second bypass lines (73, 75), and is designed as a 5-way valve that controls the flow movement of the coolant. [18] Heat pump system according to any one of claims 2 to 17, wherein a receiver dryer (54) is arranged on the heat exchanger on the opposite side of the coolant valve (70); and wherein the receiver dryer (54) separates gaseous refrigerant contained in the refrigerant that has flowed through the heat exchanger or in the refrigerant that flows into the heat exchanger through the second connecting line (72). [19] Heat pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein at least one electrical component (15) comprises at least one inverter or an on-board charger (OBC); and wherein at least one engine (16) has two engines corresponding to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.

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