Printing unit with two base modules and non-impact printing point

Abstract

Printing unit (700), wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one forming cylinder (752) and at least one cooperating counter-pressure cylinder (708), and wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one frame (701) having at least two frame side walls (702; 703) arranged opposite each other in a transverse direction (A), and wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one first base module (704) and at least one second base module (704), and wherein each base module (704) comprises two one-piece and stationary base side walls (706; 707) that are each part of a respective frame side wall (702; 703), and wherein each base module (704) has four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) for rotary transport bodies (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714) and wherein the relative position of the four installation areas (726; 727; 728;729) of the first base module (704) to each other corresponds to the relative position of the four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704) to each other, and wherein the respective first installation area (726) and the respective second installation area (727) of the respective base module (704) along a transport path provided for transporting substrate (02) form a respective selection group of the respective base module (704), and wherein in exactly one of the installation areas (726; 727) of the selection group of the first base module (704) a counter-pressure cylinder (708) forming a first form-bound pressure point (758) with a form cylinder (752) is arranged, and wherein in each of the at least four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the two base modules (704) a respective rotary transport body (708; 709; 711; 712; 713;714) and wherein at least one printhead (791) of a non-impact print point (787) is arranged aligned with a rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) which is arranged in an installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704) and wherein at least one printhead (791) of a further non-impact print point (787) is arranged aligned with a rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) which is arranged in an installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a printing unit with two base modules and a non-impact printing point.

[0002] It is known to apply coating materials containing magnetic or magnetizable particles to a substrate and then align the particles using an alignment device, for example, one that uses magnetic fields. In this way, optical effects dependent on the viewing angle can be created, which can be fixed by curing the coating material.

[0003] WO 2021 / 259527 A1 discloses a method in which a layer of a crosslinkable coating material with magnetic or magnetizable particles is applied to a substrate by means of a screen printing process and these particles are oriented parallel to each other by means of an alignment device, wherein a further layer is then applied by means of an inkjet printing device and the parallel orientation of these particles is partially reversed and wherein the layer of the coating material is then crosslinked by means of radiation.

[0004] WO 2020 / 148076 A1 discloses the application and alignment of coating materials with magnetic or magnetizable particles onto a substrate and selective curing using a matrix of individually controllable UV LEDs to create a motif.

[0005] EP 2 007 581 B1 discloses a printing machine which has an inkjet printing unit in front of a screen printing unit.

[0006] EP 2 084 005 B1 discloses a method in which a crosslinkable substance is applied to a substrate by means of an inkjet printing device and then cured by means of UV radiation.

[0007] The invention is based on the objective of creating a printing unit with two basic modules.

[0008] The problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

[0009] A printing unit preferably has at least one first form-bound printing point formed by a pair of cooperating bodies of revolution, wherein the printing unit has at least one first alignment cylinder along a transport path provided for transporting substrate after the first form-bound printing point, and wherein the printing unit has at least one first non-impact printing point along the transport path provided for transporting substrate after the first form-bound printing point, to which at least one first print head is assigned, and wherein the printing unit has at least one first curing device with a first curing area assigned to it along the transport path provided for transporting substrate after the first non-impact printing point.In a further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that, in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing point, the transport path intended for substrate transport is defined by the first alignment cylinder or a rotary transport element immediately upstream of the first alignment cylinder. Then, coating material with alignable particles can be applied to the substrate by means of the form-bound printing point and only then provided with an additive, particularly colorless, by the at least one printhead, and thereby selectively cured in the curing unit. It is thus possible to write image information into the coating material using the at least one printhead and subsequently fix it. This allows such image information to be incorporated into the coating material with very high resolution and in a particularly simple manner.

[0010] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that, in the first curing zone of the at least one first curing unit, the transport path for the substrate is defined by the first alignment cylinder or a rotating transport element immediately downstream of the first alignment cylinder. Since the areas to be cured are defined by the at least one print head, the curing can take place either on the alignment cylinder itself or, with sufficiently stable alignment, downstream of the alignment cylinder. This allows for installation depending on available space. Furthermore, a relatively simple curing unit can be used.

[0011] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that a particularly colorless additive is arranged in a supply reservoir connected by piping to the at least one first printhead. This additive is specifically designed to modify the curing properties of the applied material. This material is, in particular, a mixture of, for example, a coating material designed as a printing ink and this additive. Thus, the image information can preferably be generated simply by assigning a location on the substrate, without influencing the color properties of the coating material.

[0012] In an alternative or additional advanced design, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the first form-bound printing point is designed as a screen printing point. This allows for the production of particularly thick layers of coating material with correspondingly highly visible effects.

[0013] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by a rotating transport body arranged along the transport path intended for substrate transport immediately after a counter-pressure cylinder of the first mold-bound printing point. This rotating transport body is designed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or as a rotating transport body that operates contactlessly except for gripper contacts. This allows the substrate to be transported preferably without negatively affecting the coating material applied by the mold-bound printing point.

[0014] In an alternative or additional further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the at least one first printhead is designed as an inkjet printhead and / or that the respective alignment cylinder has a plurality of elements generating a magnetic field in the area of ​​its outer circumference and / or that the curing device has at least one radiation source for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source.

[0015] In an alternative or additional configuration, the printing unit is preferably characterized by being designed as a sheet-fed printing unit. This allows the printing unit to be integrated, for example, into a security printing press that typically prints sheets.

[0016] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by having at least one second alignment cylinder along the transport path provided for substrate transport after the at least one first alignment cylinder. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by having at least one second non-impact printing point along the transport path provided for substrate transport after the first alignment cylinder, to which at least one second printhead is assigned. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by having at least one second curing device with an associated second curing area along the transport path provided for substrate transport after the second non-impact printing point.Advantageously, this allows the creation of multiple image areas with several different pigment orientations by repeatedly subjecting unfixed coating material to alignment, adding an additive to certain areas, and then curing only these areas, so that uncured areas can subsequently be treated in the same way.

[0017] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit is preferably characterized in that, in the area of ​​the second non-impact pressure point, the transport path intended for the transport of substrate is defined by the second alignment cylinder or a rotating transport element immediately upstream of the second alignment cylinder, and / or that, in the second curing area of ​​the at least one second curing unit, the transport path intended for the transport of substrate is defined by the second alignment cylinder or a rotating transport element immediately downstream of the second alignment cylinder. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit is preferably characterized in that any form-related pressure point of the pressure unit is arranged upstream of the first non-impact pressure point and / or downstream of the second non-impact pressure point.

[0018] In an alternative or additional further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that an additive, in particular a colorless additive, is arranged in a supply reservoir which is connected to the at least one second printhead by means of lines, in particular an additive for changing the curing properties of applied material.

[0019] The printing unit preferably comprises at least one forming cylinder and at least one cooperating counter-pressure cylinder. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by having at least one frame having at least two frame side walls arranged opposite each other in a transverse direction.In an alternative or additional further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the printing unit has at least one first base module and at least one second base module, and that each base module has two one-piece and stationary base side walls, each of which is part of a respective frame side wall, and that each base module has four installation areas for rotating transport bodies, and that the relative position of the four installation areas of the first base module to each other corresponds to the relative position of the four installation areas of the second base module to each other.In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the respective first installation area and the respective second installation area of ​​the respective base module along the transport path intended for the transport of substrate form a respective selection group of the respective base module, and that in exactly one of the installation areas of the selection group of the first base module a counter-pressure cylinder forming a first form-bound pressure point with a form cylinder is arranged, and that in each of the at least four installation areas of the two base modules a respective rotary transport body is arranged, and that at least one print head of a non-impact pressure point is arranged aligned with a cylinder that is arranged in an installation area of ​​the first base module.In an alternative or additional configuration, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that at least one printhead of a further non-impact printing point is arranged in alignment with a cylinder that is located in an installation area of ​​the second base module. Using identical base modules reduces manufacturing effort and thus saves costs and resources.

[0020] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that a functionally different rotary transport element is arranged in at least one installation area of ​​the first base module than in a corresponding installation area of ​​the second base module with respect to its installation position. This is a particularly advantageous application of the modular design. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the counter-pressure cylinder arranged in one of the installation areas of the selection group of the first base module is arranged with a screen-printing form cylinder to form a screen-printing area.

[0021] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit is preferably characterized by the fact that a counter-pressure cylinder is arranged in a first installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate, and that a rotating transport body designed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts is arranged in a second installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate, and that a rotating transport body designed as a first alignment cylinder is arranged in a third installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate, and that a rotating transport body designed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum is arranged in a fourth installation area of ​​the first base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate.and / or a rotating transport body designed as a suction drum and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the at least one print head of the non-impact printing point is arranged aligned with the rotating transport body in the second installation area of ​​the first base module or the rotating transport body in the third installation area of ​​the first base module and / or that a first curing area of ​​a first curing device is arranged aligned with the rotating transport body in the third installation area of ​​the first base module or the rotating transport body in the fourth installation area of ​​the first base module.

[0022] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit is preferably characterized by the fact that a counter-pressure cylinder is arranged in a second installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate, and that a rotating transport body designed as a transfer drum and / or as a blow drum and / or as a suction drum and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts is arranged in a third installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate, and that a rotating transport body designed as a further alignment cylinder is arranged in a fourth installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate.In an alternative or additional further development, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the at least one print head of the further non-impact printing point is arranged in a manner aligned with that rotating transport body in the third installation area of ​​the second base module or that rotating transport body in the fourth installation area of ​​the second base module, and that a further curing area of ​​a further curing device is arranged in a manner aligned with that rotating transport body in the fourth installation area of ​​the second base module or a subsequent rotating transport body outside the second base module.

[0023] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that a rotating transport body, designed as a further alignment cylinder, is arranged in a first installation area of ​​the second base module along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the at least one print head of the further non-impact printing point is aligned with the alignment cylinder in the first installation area of ​​the second base module or with the rotating transport body upstream of it, and / or that a further curing area of ​​a further curing device is aligned with the alignment cylinder in the first installation area of ​​the second base module or with the rotating transport body in the second installation area of ​​the second base module.

[0024] An inspection unit is preferably designed as a self-contained module, wherein the at least one inspection unit has at least one rotating transport body for transporting sheets, onto which at least one inspection device is arranged. In an alternative or further embodiment, the inspection unit is preferably characterized by having its own frame that rotatably supports the at least one rotating transport body, and / or by having an input interface for sheet intake and an output interface for sheet discharge. In an alternative or further embodiment, the inspection unit is preferably characterized by the input interface and the output interface being arranged at the same height. This makes it particularly easy to integrate such an inspection unit at different locations in a printing press.

[0025] In an alternative or additional further development, the inspection unit is preferably characterized by the fact that the at least one inspection device is arranged from above towards a respective rotating transport body and / or that the at least one inspection device is arranged from below towards a respective rotating transport body.

[0026] An exemplary printing press preferably has at least one printing unit as described above and is further preferably characterized by the fact that the printing press additionally has at least one further printing unit, which is designed as a simultaneous printing unit and / or which is designed as a numbering printing unit and / or which is designed as a flexographic printing unit.

[0027] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing press is preferably characterized by having at least one sheet feeder, at least one printing unit, at least one sheet delivery unit, and at least one inspection unit as described above. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing press is preferably characterized by the fact that the respective frame of the at least one inspection unit differs from the frame of the sheet feeder, the frame of the at least one printing unit, and the frame of the at least one sheet delivery unit.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0029] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a pressure unit with a form-bound pressure point, a non-impact pressure point, an alignment device and a curing device; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a pressure unit with a form-bound pressure point, a non-impact pressure point, an alignment device and a curing device; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of part of a screen printing unit; Fig. 4 a schematic representation of geometric relationships of a basic module of a pressure unit; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of an exemplary printing press with three form-bound printing points, four non-impact printing points, four alignment devices and four curing devices, as well as a sheet feeder, a sheet delivery and two inspection units; Fig. 6 a schematic representation of a basic module carrying a form-bound pressure point and a non-impact pressure point with alignment device and curing device, and of an additional module carrying a non-impact pressure point with alignment device and curing device; Fig. 7 a schematic representation according to Fig. 6, however with at least four corresponding additional modules; Fig. 8 a schematic representation of two basic modules, each carrying a form-bound pressure point and a non-impact pressure point with alignment device and curing device; Fig. 9 a schematic representation of two basic modules, one of which carries a form-bound pressure point and a non-impact pressure point with alignment device and curing device, and another of which carries two non-impact pressure points with alignment device and curing device; Fig. 10 a schematic representation according to Fig. 6, wherein additional pre-alignment devices and simultaneous magnet devices are arranged; Fig. 11 a schematic representation according to Fig. 7, wherein additional pre-alignment devices and simultaneous magnet devices are arranged; Fig. 12 a schematic representation of at least three basic modules, each carrying a form-bound pressure point and a non-impact pressure point with alignment device, pre-alignment devices, simultaneous magnet devices and curing device, as well as at least three additional modules, each carrying a non-impact pressure point with alignment device, pre-alignment devices, simultaneous magnet devices and curing device; Fig. 13 a schematic representation of a basic module carrying a form-bound pressure point and a non-impact pressure point with alignment device, pre-alignment devices, simultaneous magnet devices and curing device, as well as at least two basic modules, each carrying two non-impact pressure points with alignment device, pre-alignment devices, simultaneous magnet devices and curing device, as well as at least three additional modules, each carrying a non-impact pressure point with alignment device, pre-alignment devices, simultaneous magnet devices and curing device; Fig. 14 a schematic representation of a simultaneous double printing unit; Fig. 15 a schematic representation of a flexographic printing unit; Fig. 16 a schematic representation of a numbering printing unit.

[0030] A printing press 01 is preferably configured as a security printing press 01. The printing press 01 is preferably configured as a sheet-fed printing press 01. The sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably configured as a security printing press 01. In the following, the printing press 01 is described as a sheet-fed printing press 01. The invention is also applicable as a web-fed printing press if the printing press 01 is configured accordingly. The sheet-fed printing press 01 is preferably configured as a rotary printing press 01, in particular a sheet-fed rotary printing press 01. The sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 is, for example, configured as a sheet-fed printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet-fed printing press 01 serves to print on substrate 02, in particular in the form of sheets 02.The sheets 02 are made, for example, of cellulose-based or, preferably, cotton-fiber-based paper, of plastic polymer, or of a hybrid product thereof. The sheets 02 may be uncoated or already coated before processing by the sheet-fed printing press 01. The sheets 02 may be unprinted or already printed once or multiple times, or otherwise mechanically processed. Preferably, several units, in particular print images for banknotes to be produced, are arranged side by side in a single line on a sheet 02, and several such lines of units or their print images are arranged one after the other in the transport direction T, or are arranged accordingly during the processing of the respective sheet 02.

[0031] The sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has at least one substrate feeder 100, in particular designed as a sheet feeder 100, in particular in addition to the at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along a transport path provided for transporting substrate 02 or sheets 02 upstream of the at least one and further preferably upstream of each sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one substrate feeder 100 preferably has a conveyor section 101, for example designed as a belt table 101. For example, the substrate feeder 100 has at least one nonstop device for an uninterrupted supply of sheets 02 even when a subsequent stack is arranged. The belt table downstream of the sheet stack is, for example, designed as a suction belt table.For example, at least one system, designated as a sheet feeder, is arranged, which preferably has a feed table and at least one movable front stop. The sheet feeder 100 preferably has at least one vibrating gripper or oscillator. A receiving drum 104 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the vibrating gripper. Preferably, sheets 02 are transferred from the vibrating gripper to the receiving drum 104. The receiving drum 104 is a rotating transport body 104.

[0032] The sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has at least one unit 900 designed as a delivery device 900, in particular a sheet delivery unit 900, especially in addition to the at least one sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 and / or along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the at least one sheet feeder 100 and further preferably after each sheet processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. The sheet delivery unit 900 preferably includes at least one sheet conveying system 904, which is designed in particular as a chain conveying system 904 or chain gripper system 904. The sheet conveying system 904 includes, for example, traction elements moved by means of drive and deflection means, which drive gripping devices for sheet conveying. For example, a sheet guiding device and / or a drying and / or curing device 906 is arranged in the sheet delivery unit 900.For example, the 900 sheet delivery system is equipped with a non-stop device for uninterrupted removal of delivery stacks.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, the dispensing device 900 has at least two, and more preferably at least three, dispensing stations 901, 902, 903 arranged one after the other along the transport path provided for the transport of the substrate 02 and / or the sheets 02. The at least one dispensing device 900 is therefore preferably designed as a multi-stack dispensing device 900, in particular at least as a double-stack dispensing device 900, or at least as a triple-stack dispensing device 900, or at least as a quadruple-stack dispensing device 900. The dispensing stations 901, 902, 903 are also referred to as stack dispensing devices 901, 902, 903.

[0034] The transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, in particular for the transport of at least partially separated sheets 02, preferably begins at the substrate feed device 100 and / or preferably ends at the sheet delivery 900. Stacks containing several sheets 02 are preferably fed to the substrate feed device 100 and / or removed from the sheet delivery 900. The transport path of these stacks is not to be included in the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. For example, at least one sheet inspection device is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. This device serves in particular to detect arrival at the expected time and / or the expected shape of the sheet edges.The full-arc control device, for example, has at least one source of electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light, and a sensor for electromagnetic radiation, in particular visible light.

[0035] In the case of a curved transport path, a transport direction T is preferably the direction T that runs tangentially to a section and / or point of the intended transport path nearest a respective reference point and is intended for the transport of the substrate 02 and / or arc 02 at this section and / or point. This respective reference point is preferably located at the point and / or component that is related to the transport direction T. The transport direction T therefore preferably extends along the transport path intended for substrate 02 and / or arc 02. A transverse direction A is preferably a direction A that extends orthogonally to the transport direction T and horizontally.

[0036] The printing press 02, in particular sheet-fed printing press 01, has at least one processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet-fed processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. For example, the sheet-fed printing press 01 has at least two or more sheet-fed processing units 200; 500; 600; 700. The at least one processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet-fed processing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, is preferably also configured as a printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700, in particular a sheet-fed printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700. A sheet-fed printing unit 200; 500; 600; 700 may optionally also generally be a sheet-fed coating unit 200; 500; 600; 700 should be understood to include, in particular, a sheet coating unit 200; 500; 600; 700. For example, sheet-fed printing press 01 has several printing units 200; 500; 600; 700, which are assigned to different printing processes.

[0037] Preferably, the printing press 01 has at least one printing unit 700, which serves to generate optically variable image elements 700, which are designed in particular as security features. In the preceding and following sections, this is described using the example of a printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700. This printing unit 700 can, however, also operate according to another printing process, in particular a form-based one, and be designed, for example, as an intaglio printing unit or as a flexographic printing unit. The sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has at least one printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700 and / or as a sheet-fed printing unit 700. The screen printing process allows for the application of a particularly large layer thickness. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, serves in particular to generate optically variable image elements, in particular security features, on the sheet 02.The printing unit 700, which is specifically designed as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one counter-pressure cylinder 708 and a cooperating form cylinder 752, which is preferably designed as a screen printing form cylinder 752. Together, the two form a respective printing point 758, in particular a screen printing point 758. This allows coating material, in particular printing ink, to be applied to sheet 02 in the usual manner.

[0038] Preferably, at least one optically variable coating material is used, in particular at least one optically variable printing ink and / or at least one optically variable varnish. This optically variable coating material is applied, for example, over the entire surface or preferably in partial areas in the form of first printed image elements. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one alignment device 771 for aligning particles contained in the optically variable coating material applied to the respective sheet 02 and responsible for the optical variability. The particles responsible for the optical variability are preferably magnetic or magnetizable, non-spherical particles, e.g., pigment particles, also referred to here as magnetic particles or flakes, contained in the respective coating material, in particular in the printing ink or varnish.The at least one alignment device 771, for example, comprises several components. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one alignment cylinder 709. This at least one alignment cylinder 709 is preferably a component of a respective alignment device 771. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one pre-alignment device 767. This at least one pre-alignment device 767 is preferably a component of a respective alignment device 771. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably comprises at least one simultaneous alignment device 774. This at least one simultaneous alignment device 774 is preferably a component of a respective alignment device 771.

[0039] The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one drying device 772 or curing device 772. The at least one curing device 772 preferably serves to fix or align magnetic or magnetizable particles. The at least one curing device 772 is preferably arranged on the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 behind or in the area of ​​a respective alignment cylinder 709. The at least one curing device 772 is preferably designed as a narrowband radiation dryer 772, for example as a UV dryer 772, in particular an LED dryer 772, more preferably a UV-LED dryer 772. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one curing device 772 is designed as an electron beam dryer 772.The respective curing device 772 is arranged, for example, along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 such that it is directed towards a lateral surface of the respective alignment cylinder 709 or another rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 at its transport angle W726; W728; W729, over which the sheets 02 are conveyed by means of the respective alignment cylinder 709 or other rotary transport body 711; 712; 713. In one embodiment, at least one curing device 772 is arranged such that its curing area 788 is located radially further outwards with respect to a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 interacting with it than the curing device 772 itself. Then an inner side of a sheet 02 can be dried, for example, when the curing device 772 is aligned with a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 is assigned, which immediately follows an alignment cylinder 709.To avoid unnecessary heating, the curing device 772 preferably operates in a narrowband wavelength range that promotes curing, e.g., in a wavelength band with a spectral half-width (FWHM) of at most 50 nm, preferably at most 30 nm, relative to the radiation power. Preferably, the radiation maximum is at a wavelength of 385 ± 25 nm, in particular 385 ± 15 nm.

[0040] In a further advantageous embodiment of the printing machine 01, a drying and / or curing device 906, for example a radiation dryer 906, in particular a UV dryer 906 or an electron beam dryer 906, is provided downstream of a last alignment device 771 for drying the coating materials applied to the sheets 02.

[0041] The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has a frame 701, which is stationary and has at least two side walls 702; 703, which are stationary. The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, can be configured in different embodiments. These embodiments preferably have in common that each printing unit 700 has at least one base module 704, which is arranged in a stationary manner. Each base module 704 has two base side walls 706; 707, which are arranged opposite each other, in particular opposite each other in the transverse direction A. Preferably, each base side wall 706; 707 is formed in one piece, for example, cast. These base side walls 706; 707 are also part of the frame 701, which is stationary, of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700.These base side walls 706; 707 are preferably each part of a respective frame side wall 702; 703. The frame side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, are arranged opposite each other, in particular opposite each other in the transverse direction A. Preferably, the frame side walls 702; 703 are rigidly connected to each other via at least one, in particular, stationary crossbeam 723. Preferably, the base side walls 706; 707 are rigidly connected to each other via at least one, in particular, stationary crossbeam 723.

[0042] Each base module 704 defines four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 for rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713. A rotary transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is understood to be an assembly 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 that is rotatable about a respective axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 and serves to transport sheets 02. Examples of rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 are counter-pressure cylinders 708, alignment cylinders 709, transfer drums 711, blow drums 712, and suction drums 713. Another example of a rotary transport body 104 is a receiving drum 104. However, the receiving drum 104 is preferably part of the sheet feeder 100.

[0043] Preferably, all rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the respective base module 704 and, more preferably, all rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, have a single circumference, i.e., are designed to accommodate a sheet 02 in circumference.

[0044] The four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 are preferably arranged such that they and / or the rotating transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 arranged therein together define a section of the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, which is assigned to the respective base module 704. The first installation area 726 of the respective base module 704 is the first installation area 726 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. The first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 that is arranged in the first installation area 726. The second installation area 727 of the respective base module 704 is designated as the second installation area 727 as seen along the transport route intended for the transport of substrate 02.The second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 that is arranged in the second installation area 727. The third installation area 728 of the respective base module 704 is the third installation area 728 seen along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. The third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 that is arranged in the third installation area 728. The fourth installation area 729 of the respective base module 704 is designated as the fourth installation area 729 along the transport route intended for the transport of substrate 02.The fourth rotary transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the respective base module 704 is the rotary transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 which is arranged in the fourth installation area 727.

[0045] A passage plane E of the respective base module 704 is defined as the plane E that completely contains both the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704 and the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704. This passage plane E divides the space into two half-spaces. Preferably, the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704 is completely arranged in one of these two half-spaces and is the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotation transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of this respective base module 704 is completely arranged in the other of these two half-spaces.Preferably, the passage plane E has a normal vector N that deflects from a vertical direction V by at most 45°, more preferably by at most 20°, and even more preferably by at most 10°. Even more preferably, the normal vector N extends in the vertical direction V. Preferably, the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is arranged further down than the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713, and more preferably also further down than the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 and the rotation axis 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotational transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713.Preferably, the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is arranged further up than the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 and further preferably also further up than the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 and the axis of rotation 716; 717; 718; 719 of the fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713.

[0046] A transport angle W726; W727; W728; W729 of a rotating transport body is preferably the angular range around the axis of rotation of this rotating transport body in which arcs 02 are transported by means of this rotating transport body.

[0047] Preferably, the transport angle W726 of the first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the first installation area 726 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle 726 of this first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this first installation area 726 is at least 190°, and more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the transport angle W726 of this first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is at most 240°, more preferably at most 220°, more preferably at most 205°, and more preferably at most 201°.

[0048] Preferably, the transport angle W727 of the second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this second installation area 727 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle W727 of this second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this second installation area 727 is at least 200°, more preferably at least 220°, and more preferably at least 240°. Preferably, the transport angle W727 of this second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this second installation area 727 is at most 300°, more preferably at most 270°, more preferably at most 250°, and more preferably at most 245°.

[0049] Preferably, the transport angle W728 of the third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the third installation area 728 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle W728 of this third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this third installation area 728 is at least 200°, more preferably at least 220°, and more preferably at least 240°. Preferably, the transport angle W728 of this third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this third installation area 728 is at most 300°, more preferably at most 270°, more preferably at most 250°, and more preferably at most 245°. Preferably, the transport angle W728 of this third rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this third installation area 728 is the same as the transport angle W727 of the second rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the third installation area 727.

[0050] Preferably, the transport angle W729 of the fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the fourth installation area 729 of the respective base module 704 is greater than 180°. For example, the transport angle W729 of this fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this fourth installation area 729 is at least 190°, and more preferably at least 195°. Preferably, the transport angle W729 of this fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this fourth installation area 729 is at most 240°, more preferably at most 220°, more preferably at most 205°, and more preferably at most 201°. Preferably, the transport angle W729 of this fourth rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of this fourth installation area 729 is the same as the transport angle W726 of the first rotating transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 or of the first installation area 726.

[0051] The printing unit 700, which is preferably designed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably designed for printing on substrate 02, in particular sheets 02, by means of at least one printing form 751, preferably designed as a rotary screen 751, in particular a screen printing form 751. This printing form 751 preferably has a plurality of, in particular similar and / or identical, image-generating elements, e.g., print image subjects or, in particular, similar and / or identical groups of image-generating print subjects on its circumference, which are arranged on a circumferential length corresponding to the print image length, e.g., in a matrix-like manner in several columns equidistant from one another transversely to the transport direction T, and on a cylinder width corresponding to the print image width in several rows equidistant from one another in the transport direction T. These elements or print subjects are preferably designed in the manner of stencils.The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one form cylinder 752, which is designed in particular as a screen printing form cylinder 752. Preferably, each such form cylinder 752, in particular screen printing form cylinder 752, is assigned its own counter-pressure cylinder 708. Each screen printing form cylinder 752 carries and / or has such a round screen 751.

[0052] The screen printing cylinder 752 is rotatably arranged about a rotational axis 753. A screen printing device 754 preferably additionally includes at least one doctor blade device 757. The doctor blade device 757 interacts with the rotary screen 751 in a known manner to apply printing ink through openings in the rotary screen 751 onto a respective sheet 02, while this respective sheet 02 is transported by the counter-pressure cylinder 708. The counter-pressure cylinder 708 and the printing cylinder 752, which is designed in particular as a screen printing cylinder 752, together form a printing area 758, which is designed in particular as a screen printing area 758.

[0053] The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, has, for example, at least one transfer drum 711. Each transfer drum 711 has, in the usual manner, at least one gripping device for sheet transport. The respective transfer drum 711 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has fixing elements for taking up and fixing the sheets 02. The fixing elements are preferably arranged on the base body and / or movably together with it. Grippers, in particular clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges, are preferably arranged as fixing elements. The respective transfer drum 711 and in particular its base body and / or its at least one gripping device are arranged to rotate about a rotational axis 718.

[0054] The transfer drum 711, for example, does not necessarily have a support surface for sheets 02. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripper finger, which is arranged to be movable relative to a base body of the transfer drum 711.

[0055] The printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, has, for example, at least one blowing drum 712. Each blowing drum 712 has, in the usual manner, at least one gripping device for sheet feeding. The respective blowing drum 712 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has fixing elements for taking up and fixing the sheets 02. The fixing elements are preferably arranged on the base body and / or together with it so as to be movable. Grippers, in particular clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges, are preferably arranged as fixing elements. The respective blowing drum 712 and in particular its at least one gripping device and / or its base body are arranged to be rotatable about a rotational axis 719. The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripping finger, which is arranged to be movable relative to a base body of the blowing drum 712.

[0056] The respective blowing drum 712 preferably does not have a rotatable support surface for sheets 02. Preferably, at least one sheet guiding device and at least one sheet blowing device are arranged. The at least one sheet guiding device preferably has at least one inner surface whose shape corresponds to a section of a cylindrical shell whose axis is identical to the axis of rotation 719 of the blowing drum 712. The at least one sheet blowing device serves to generate a gas flow directed from the inside against the inner surface of this sheet guiding device. This allows the corresponding sheet 02 to be held by the gripping device and transported further around the axis of rotation 719, while its inwardly facing side, apart from contact surfaces of the fixing elements, is not touched by components of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700.

[0057] The respective blowing drum 712 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 immediately after a respective counter-pressure cylinder 708 and / or immediately before a respective alignment cylinder 709. In this way, sheets 02 can be transported from the counter-pressure cylinder 708 to the alignment cylinder 709 or from the alignment cylinder 709 to another alignment cylinder 709 without a freshly printed sheet surface coming into contact with an object and thus damaging the applied printed image.

[0058] Preferably, at least one pre-alignment device 767 is arranged, for example, in the area of ​​a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a transfer drum 711. This at least one pre-alignment device 767 is preferably a component of a respective alignment device 771. This at least one pre-alignment device 767 is preferably arranged in a fixed position during pressure operation. This at least one pre-alignment device 767 is preferably assigned to a respective blow drum 712 and / or suction drum 713 and / or transfer drum 711, which is further preferably assigned to a respective subsequent alignment cylinder 709. The pre-alignment device 767 is preferably designed such that it extends over an angle of influence about the axis of rotation 719 of the blow drum 712 and / or suction drum 713 and / or transfer drum 711.The pre-alignment device 767 preferably has at least one and more preferably several electromagnets and / or permanent magnets.

[0059] The printing unit 700, designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, has, for example, at least one suction drum 713. Each suction drum 713 has, in the usual manner, at least one gripping device for sheet feeding. The suction drum 713 preferably has at least one base body. The at least one gripping device has fixing elements for taking up and fixing the sheets 02. The fixing elements are preferably arranged on the base body and / or movably together with it. Grippers, in particular clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges, are preferably arranged as fixing elements. The suction drum 713, and in particular its base body and / or its at least one gripping device, are arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation. The suction drum 713 preferably has a support surface for sheets 02.The at least one gripper preferably has at least one movable gripper finger which is arranged to be movable relative to a base body of the suction drum 713 and / or the support surface of the suction drum 713.

[0060] The support surface of the suction drum 713 preferably has suction openings, particularly for drawing in ambient air and / or sheets 02. When a sheet 02 is arranged on the support surface of the suction drum 713, its leading edge is preferably held by grippers. Alternatively or additionally, the sheet 02 is held on the support surface only by the suction openings. Preferably, at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged, more preferably oriented on a support surface of a rotating transport body 407 designed as a suction drum 713. By suctioning the respective sheet 02, its position on the suction drum 713 is particularly stable. This enables, for example, inspection with particularly high precision.Particularly in conjunction with a delivery device 900 comprising several stacking positions, in an advantageous embodiment, at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after a final alignment device 771. This at least one inspection device 402; 403 operates, for example, using the reflected light method and preferably has, in addition to a light source directed towards the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a camera directed towards the point of impact of the light source on the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. Sheets 02 deemed defective or having a faulty printed image can then be collected on one of the stacks, while so-called good sheets are placed on another stack.

[0061] As described, the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, preferably has at least one alignment cylinder 709, which is preferably designed as a rotary transport body 709. The respective alignment cylinder 709 is preferably designed as a magnetically effective alignment cylinder 709. Preferably, sheets 02 are transported by means of the respective alignment cylinder 709, and the magnetic particles of the previously applied, and not yet dried, coating material are oriented according to a pattern of magnetic field lines emanating from the respective alignment cylinder 709. Preferably, the respective alignment cylinder 709 has a plurality of magnetic field-generating elements, hereinafter referred to as magnetic elements, in the region of its outer circumference, which serve in particular to orient at least a portion of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating material applied to the respective passing sheet 02.The magnetic elements can be formed by permanent magnets with or without engraving, by electromagnets, or by combinations of one or more permanent magnets and / or one or more electromagnets. These can be removable and / or rotatable about a radially extending axis and / or adjustable with respect to their axial and / or circumferential position, individually or in groups, and together with this, form the respective alignment cylinder 709. In the case of the aforementioned plurality of uses per sheet 02, several, e.g., at least four, rows of several, e.g., three to eight, in particular four to seven, magnetic elements spaced apart from each other transversely to the transport direction T are provided or can be provided around the circumference – e.g., in a matrix-like arrangement. By conveying the sheets 02 over the respective alignment cylinder 709, the particles are aligned or oriented by means of the magnetic field lines generated by the magnetic elements, if necessary.also through the respective arc 02.

[0062] The magnetic elements can be arranged in or on several ring elements, e.g., three to eight, in particular four to seven, axially spaced apart from one another and preferably positionable in the axial direction A, wherein at least one, preferably several, e.g., between two and twelve, advantageously between five and ten, magnetic elements are arranged or positionable in or on these ring elements in the circumferential direction one behind the other and preferably in the circumferential direction. For example, the at least one alignment cylinder 709 has at least one suction device by means of which a respective arc 02 can be held on the alignment cylinder 709.

[0063] Preferably, the respective alignment cylinder 709 is mounted between frame side walls 702; 703 of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, in such a way that it can be removed for replacement or for carrying out setup work – in particular without removing one of the frame side walls 702; 703. This refers to a "planned" or "operational" removal and reinstallation that is distinct from disassembling or dismantling the relevant component. For this purpose, for example, a torsionally rigid detachable connection is provided, at least on the drive side, between the alignment cylinder 709 or cylinder pin and an adjoining drive shaft, the separation point of which lies within the clear width between the frame side walls 702; 703.

[0064] Preferably, at least one external magnetic device 774 is arranged, which is in particular designed as a simultaneous magnetic device 774. This at least one external magnetic device 774 is preferably arranged in a fixed position, at least during printing operation. This at least one external magnetic device 774 is preferably associated with a respective alignment cylinder 709. This at least one external magnetic device 774 is preferably a component of an alignment device 771, in particular the alignment device 771 to which the associated alignment cylinder 709 also belongs. The external magnetic device 774 is preferably designed such that it extends over an angle of influence around the associated alignment cylinder 709. The external magnetic device 774 preferably has at least one and more preferably several electromagnets and / or permanent magnets and preferably interacts with the magnetic devices of the respective alignment cylinder 709.

[0065] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized by the fact that it has at least one screen printing form cylinder 752, which forms a screen printing area 758 with a counter-pressure cylinder 708, and that along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the counter-pressure cylinder 708 at least one alignment cylinder 709 is arranged, which has a plurality of elements generating a magnetic field in the area of ​​its outer circumference.

[0066] The printing unit 700 is, for example, configured as a sheet-fed printing unit 700. The printing unit 700 preferably has at least one first form-bound printing point 758, which is formed by a pair of cooperating rotating bodies 708; 758. The term "first printing point" is preferably used for differentiation purposes only and does not refer to a sequence in which sheets pass through the printing unit 700. Preferably, the printing unit 700 has at least one first alignment cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the first form-bound printing point 758, for example, directly, but preferably indirectly, after this first form-bound printing point 758. Preferably, the printing unit 700 has at least one first non-impact printing point 787 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the first form-bound printing point 758, to which at least one first printhead 791 is assigned.Preferably, the pressure unit 700 has at least one first curing device 772 with an associated first curing area 788 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the first non-impact pressure point 787.

[0067] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that, in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing point 787, the transport path intended for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the first alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately upstream of the first alignment cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 that operates without contact except for gripper contacts.

[0068] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that in the first curing area 788 of the at least one first curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the first alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately downstream of the first alignment cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 that operates without contact except for gripper contacts.

[0069] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a particularly colorless additive is arranged in a supply reservoir 789, which is connected by a pipeline to the at least one first printhead 791. The additive is, for example, designed as an additive for modifying the curing properties of the applied material, wherein this applied material preferably represents a mixture of coating agent, in particular printing ink, and this additive. For example, such a modification of curing properties is the generation or increase of a reactivity or curing reaction, particularly one induced by radiation, and / or its rate. Suitable radiation is, for example, UV radiation and / or electron radiation.Preferably, the coating material that can be applied and / or is applied by means of the first form-bound pressure point 758 does not exhibit any radiation-inducible reactivity or curing reaction on its own. Thus, the proportion of the coating material to be cured can be determined by its application in the non-impact pressure point 787. This allows for multiple successive orientations, selections of areas, curing of the selected areas, and subsequent reorientation of previously uncured areas, selection of previously uncured areas, and corresponding curing.

[0070] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the first form-related printing point 758 is designed as a screen printing point 758. The first form-related printing point 758 is then formed, in particular, by cylinders 708 and 752, one of which is a forming cylinder 752 and the other of which is a cooperating counter-pressure cylinder 708. Preferably, the forming cylinder 752 is designed as a screen printing forming cylinder 752. As an alternative to being designed as a screen printing point 758, the first form-related printing point 758 can be designed as a flexographic printing point, a relief printing point, a gravure printing point, or a planographic printing point. Screen printing offers the advantage of relatively high achievable layer thicknesses. In the area of ​​the form-related printing point 758, the transport path is preferably defined by the counter-pressure cylinder 708.

[0071] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 immediately after the counter-pressure cylinder 708 of the first form-bound pressure point 758 is designed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 or generally as a low-lubrication or lubrication-free rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 and / or as a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 operating without contact except for gripper contacts.

[0072] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the at least one first printhead 791 is designed as an inkjet printhead 791. The at least one inkjet printhead 791 preferably has at least one piezoelectric element or at least one thermocouple, in particular for ejecting droplets of the additive. The at least one printhead 791 preferably has a print resolution of at least 100 dpi, more preferably at least 200 dpi, still more preferably at least 300 dpi, still more preferably at least 600 dpi, still more preferably at least 1200 dpi, and still more preferably at least 2400 dpi. Here, "dpi" stands, as usual, for "dots per inch".In an alternative or additional embodiment, at least one printhead 791 of at least one non-impact print point 787 is arranged, for example, such that the non-impact print point 787 is located radially further outwards with respect to a cooperating rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 than the at least one printhead 791 itself. Then an inner side of a sheet 02 can be printed, for example, if the non-impact print point 787 is assigned to a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 that is directly upstream of an alignment cylinder 709.

[0073] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the respective alignment cylinder 709 has a plurality of elements in the region of its outer circumference, which induce a magnetic field. These elements are also called magnetic elements, for example, and serve in particular to orient at least a portion of the magnetic or magnetizable particles of the coating material applied to the respective passing substrate 02.

[0074] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the curing device 771 has at least one radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source 792. Preferably, a wavelength or wavelength range or energy range in which the radiation source 792 for UV radiation and / or electron beam source 792 emits energy is matched to the additive that is arranged in the supply reservoir 789.

[0075] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the pressure unit 700 has at least one second alignment cylinder 709 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the at least one first alignment cylinder 709 and preferably after the first non-impact pressure point 787 and / or the curing area 788 of the first curing device 772.

[0076] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the first alignment cylinder 709, the printing unit 700 has at least a second non-impact printing point 787, to which at least a second printhead 791 is assigned. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 after the second non-impact printing point 787, the printing unit 700 has at least a second curing device 772 with a second curing area 788 assigned to it.

[0077] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that, in the area of ​​the second non-impact pressure point 787, the transport path intended for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the second alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately upstream of the second alignment cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 that operates without contact except for gripper contacts.

[0078] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized in that, in the second curing area 788 of the at least one second curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the second alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately downstream of the second alignment cylinder 709, for example a transfer drum 711 and / or a blow drum 712 and / or a suction drum 713 and / or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 that operates without contact except for gripper contacts.

[0079] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that any form-bound printing point 752 of the printing unit 700 is arranged before the first non-impact printing point 787 and / or after the second non-impact printing point 787. In other words, this means that preferably no form-bound printing point 752 is arranged between the first non-impact printing point 787 and the second non-impact printing point 787.

[0080] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a particularly colorless additive is arranged in a supply reservoir 789, which is connected via lines to the at least one second printhead 791. The at least one second printhead 791 is preferably designed as an inkjet printhead 791. The additive is, for example, designed as an additive for modifying the curing properties of the applied material, wherein this applied material preferably represents a mixture of coating agent, in particular printing ink, and this additive. For example, such a modification of curing properties is the generation or increase of a reactivity or curing reaction, particularly one induced by radiation, and / or its rate. Suitable radiation is, for example, UV radiation and / or electron radiation.

[0081] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700, which is particularly designed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that an alignment cylinder 709 is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of a first base module 704, which has a plurality of elements generating a magnetic field in the region of its outer circumference, and / or that an alignment cylinder 709 is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of a second base module 704, which has a plurality of elements generating a magnetic field in the region of its outer circumference. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700, which is particularly designed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that an alignment cylinder 709 is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 a blow drum 712 is arranged and / or that a blow drum 712 is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704.

[0082] As described, the printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one forming cylinder 752 and at least one cooperating counter-pressure cylinder 708. The printing unit 700 preferably comprises at least one frame 701, which has at least two frame side walls 702; 703 arranged opposite each other in a transverse direction A. Preferably, the printing unit 700 comprises at least one first base module 704 and at least one second base module 704, each base module 704 having two one-piece, stationary base side walls 706; 707, each of which is part of a respective frame side wall 702; 703. The respective base module 704 preferably has four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 for rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713, which further preferably have respective recesses 781; 782; 783; 784 are assigned to the load-bearing walls W1; W2 of the base side walls 706; 707.The relative positions of the four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 preferably correspond to the relative positions of the four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704. Preferably, the first installation area 726 and the second installation area 727 of the respective base module 704, located along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, in particular sheet 02, form a selection group of the respective base module 704. Preferably, a counter-pressure cylinder 708 is arranged in exactly one of the installation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the first base module 704. This counter-pressure cylinder 708 interacts with a form cylinder 752, preferably designed as a screen printing form cylinder 752, and / or forms a first form-related pressure point 758.Preferably, a respective rotary transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is arranged in each of the at least four installation areas 726; 727; 728; 729 of the two base modules 704.

[0083] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700, which is particularly designed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that at least one printhead 791 of the first non-impact printing point 787 is arranged aligned with a rotating body 709; 711; 712; 713, which is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700, which is particularly designed as a screen printing unit 700, is preferably characterized in that at least one printhead 791 of a further non-impact printing point 787 is arranged aligned with a rotating transport body 709; 711; 712; 713, which is arranged in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704.

[0084] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a functionally different rotary transport body 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 is arranged in at least one installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the first base module 704 than in an installation area 726; 727; 728; 729 of the second base module 704 corresponding with respect to its installation position.

[0085] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that the counter-pressure cylinder 708 arranged in one of the installation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the first base module 704 is arranged with a screen printing form cylinder 752 to form a screen printing point 758 and / or that the counter-pressure cylinder 708 arranged in one of the installation areas 726; 727 of the selection group of the second base module 704 is arranged with a screen printing form cylinder 752 to form a screen printing point 758.

[0086] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a counter-pressure cylinder 708 is arranged in a first installation area 726 of the first base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, and that a rotary transport body 711; 712, designed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts, is arranged in a second installation area 727 of the first base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02.713 is arranged and that in a third installation area 728 of the first base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a rotary transport body 709 designed as a first alignment cylinder 709 is arranged and that in a fourth installation area 729 of the first base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 designed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts is arranged.;

[0087] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the at least one printhead 791 of the first non-impact printing point 787 is aligned with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the second installation area 727 of the first base module 704 or with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the third installation area 728 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that in the area of ​​the first non-impact printing point 787, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the first alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately upstream of the first alignment cylinder 709.

[0088] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a first curing area 788 of a first curing device 772 is aligned with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the third installation area 728 of the first base module 704 or with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the fourth installation area 729 of the first base module 704. In other words, this means that in the first curing area 788 of the at least one first curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the first alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately downstream of the first alignment cylinder 709.

[0089] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that in a first installation area 726 of the first base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a rotary transport body 711; 712, designed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts, is provided. 713 is arranged and that in a second installation area 727 of the second base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a counter-pressure cylinder 708 is arranged and that in a third installation area 728 of the second base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a rotary transport body 711; 712, designed as a transfer drum 711 and / or as a blow drum 712 and / or as a suction drum 713 and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts, is arranged.713 is arranged and that in a fourth installation area 729 of the second base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02, a rotary transport body 709 designed as a further alignment cylinder 709 is arranged.;

[0090] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the at least one printhead 791 of the further non-impact printing point 787 is aligned with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the third installation area 728 of the second base module 704 or the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the fourth installation area 729 of the second base module 704. In other words, this means that in the area of ​​the further non-impact printing point 787, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the further alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately upstream of the further alignment cylinder 709.

[0091] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized by the fact that a further curing area 788 of a further curing device 772 is aligned with the rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 in the fourth installation area 729 of the second base module 704 or with a subsequent rotary transport body 709; 711; 712; 713 outside the second base module 704. In other words, this means that in the further curing area 788 of the at least one further curing device 772, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the further alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately downstream of the further alignment cylinder 709.

[0092] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that a rotary transport body 709, designed as a further alignment cylinder 709, is arranged in a first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing unit 700 is preferably characterized in that the at least one printhead 791 of the further non-impact printing point 787 is arranged in alignment with the alignment cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or with the rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 arranged upstream of it.In other words, this means that in the area of ​​the further non-impact pressure point 787, the transport path provided for the transport of substrate 02 is defined by the first alignment cylinder 709 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately upstream of the first alignment cylinder 709. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the pressure unit 700 is preferably characterized in that a further curing area 788 of a further curing device 772 is arranged aligned with the alignment cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or with the rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 in the second installation area 727 of the second base module 704.In other words, this means that in the further curing area 788, the transport path for the transport of substrate 02 through the alignment cylinder 709 in the first installation area 726 of the second base module 704 or a rotary transport body 711; 712; 713 immediately downstream of it is defined in at least one further curing device 772.

[0093] In general, the pressure unit 700 can have various combinations of form-related pressure points 758 and non-impact pressure points 787. Preferably, at least one form-related pressure point 758 is arranged at a leading position relative to the transport path intended for the transport of substrate 02, followed by one or more non-impact pressure points 787. Between the subsequent non-impact pressure points 787, one or more further form-related pressure points 758 can be arranged, which can preferably be activated or deactivated as required. For example, the pressure unit 700 has at least one sequence comprising a form-related pressure point 758, which is designed in particular as a screen printing point 758, and subsequently a plurality of groupings, each grouping comprising at least one non-impact pressure point 787, an alignment device 771, and a curing device 772.The respective alignment device 771 preferably has at least one alignment cylinder 709 and more preferably also at least one pre-alignment device 767 and / or at least one simultaneous magnet device 774. For example, the pressure unit 700 has several such sequences.

[0094] In an alternative or supplementary training course, 787 different additives are assigned to various non-impact pressure points. These different additives vary, for example, in how they can be activated. For instance, one additive can be activated by UV radiation in a first wavelength range, and / or another additive can be activated by UV radiation in a different second wavelength range, and / or another additive can be activated by electron beam radiation.

[0095] An example of a pressure unit 700 has a form-bound pressure point 758, a non-impact pressure point 787, an alignment device 771 with alignment cylinder 709, pre-alignment device 767, simultaneous magnet device 774, and a curing device 772. For example, this pressure unit 700 has a base module 704. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 shown, where according to Fig. 1. The first page of a sheet 02 is printable and according to Fig. (2 another side of a sheet 02 can be printed.) Any number of such basic modules 704 can be combined.

[0096] An example of a printing unit 700 has three form-bound printing points 758, two of which are assigned to one side of a substrate 02 and one to the other side of the substrate 02. To form a printing machine 01, four non-impact printing points 787, four alignment devices 771, four curing devices 772, a sheet feeder 100, a sheet delivery unit 900, and two inspection units 400 are additionally arranged. The alignment devices preferably comprise alignment cylinders 709, pre-alignment devices 767, and simultaneous magnet devices 774. Three base modules 704 and one additional module 786 are arranged and equipped accordingly. (This is also shown by way of example in...) Fig. 5 shown.)

[0097] An example of a pressure unit 700 has a base module 704 and an additional module 786, wherein the base module 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. The additional module 786 carries a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. For example, the additional module 786 has its own frame. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 6 shown.)

[0098] An example of a pressure unit 700 has a base module 704 and several additional modules 786, wherein the base module 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. The additional modules 786 each carry a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 7 shown.)

[0099] An example of a printing unit 700 has two base modules 704, each carrying a form-bound printing point 758 and a non-impact printing point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. For example, the second form-bound printing point 758 can be deactivated, in particular by lifting the mold cylinder 752, to prevent undried coating material from being affected by it. (This is also shown for example in Fig. 8 shown.)

[0100] An example of a pressure unit 700 has two base modules 704. The first of these base modules 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with an alignment device 771 and a curing device 772. The second of these base modules 704 carries two non-impact pressure points 787, each with an alignment device 771 and a curing device 772. (This is also shown in an example in Fig. 9 shown.)

[0101] An example of a pressure unit 700 has a base module 704 and an additional module 786, wherein the base module 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. The additional module 786 carries a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. Each alignment device 771 has an alignment cylinder 709, a pre-alignment device 767, and a simultaneous magnet device 774. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 10 shown.)

[0102] An example of a pressure unit 700 has a base module 704 and several additional modules 786, wherein the base module 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. The additional modules 786 each carry a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. Each alignment device 771 has an alignment cylinder 709, a pre-alignment device 767, and a simultaneous magnet device 774. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 11 shown.)

[0103] An example of a pressure unit 700 has several base modules 704 and several additional modules 786, wherein the base modules 704 each have a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with an alignment device 771 and a curing device 772. The additional modules 786 each have a non-impact pressure point 787 with an alignment device 771 and a curing device 772. Each alignment device 771 has an alignment cylinder 709, a pre-alignment device 767, and a simultaneous magnet device 774. (This is also shown by way of example in Fig. 12 shown.)

[0104] An example of a pressure unit 700 has several base modules 704 and several additional modules 786. One base module 704 carries a form-fitting pressure point 758 and a non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. Two base modules 704 each carry two non-impact pressure points 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. The additional modules 786 each carry one non-impact pressure point 787 with alignment device 771 and curing device 772. Each alignment device 771 has an alignment cylinder 709, a pre-alignment device 767, and a simultaneous magnet device 774. (This is also shown in an example in...) Fig. 13 shown.)

[0105] An inspection unit 400 is preferably designed as a self-contained module 400. The at least one inspection unit 400 preferably has at least one rotating transport body 407 for transporting sheets 02, on which at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged. This rotating transport body 407 is, for example, designed as a suction drum 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has its own frame 401, which rotatably supports the at least one rotating transport body 407. Preferably, the inspection unit 400 has an input interface 408 for sheet reception and an output interface 409 for sheet discharge.

[0106] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that the input interface 408 and the output interface 409 are arranged at the same height. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized in that the at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged oriented from above onto a respective rotating transport body 407 and / or that the at least one inspection device 402; 403 is arranged oriented from below onto a respective rotating transport body 407.

[0107] In an alternative or additional further development, the inspection unit 400 is preferably characterized by the fact that the respective at least one inspection device 402; 403 each has at least one sensor 404 designed, for example, as a line camera 404 and / or at least one lighting device 406, in particular supported by the frame 401 of the inspection unit 400.

[0108] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that it has at least one sheet feeder 100, at least one printing unit 200, 500, 600, or 700, at least one sheet delivery unit 900, and at least one inspection unit 400 as described above. In an alternative or additional embodiment, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that the respective frame 401 of the at least one inspection unit 400 is different from the frame of the sheet feeder 100, the frame 701 of the at least one printing unit 200, 500, 600, or 700, and the frame of the at least one sheet delivery unit 900. Preferably, the frame 400 of the inspection unit 400 is connected to one or more frames of adjacent units such as the sheet feeder 100 and / or the printing unit 200, 500, or 600. 700 and / or 900 arc layout combined.

[0109] In an alternative or additional further development, the printing machine 01 is preferably characterized by the fact that the printing machine 01 has an inspection unit 400 which has exactly one rotary transport body 412; 413 for transporting sheets 02 and / or that the printing machine 01 has an inspection unit which has exactly two rotary transport bodies 412; 413 for transporting sheets 02.

[0110] Each printing machine 01 preferably has at least one printing unit 700, in particular designed as a screen printing unit 700. Each printing unit 700, in particular designed as a screen printing unit 700, is directly or indirectly preceded by a substrate feeder 100, and a sheet delivery unit 900, in particular designed as a multi-stack delivery unit 900, is directly or indirectly subordinated to it. The printing machine 01 can be modified such that it may additionally have further sheet processing units 200, 500, or 600 between the sheet feeder 100 and the sheet delivery unit 900.

[0111] The sheet-fed printing press 01 preferably has a main drive that drives a wheel train. Preferably, at least all rotary transport bodies 708; 709; 711; 712; 713 of the printing unit 700, which is designed in particular as a screen printing unit 700, can be driven via this wheel train; more preferably, rotary transport bodies of any other printing units 200; 500; 600 and / or the sheet feeder 100 and / or the sheet delivery 900 can also be driven.

[0112] Preferably, the printing machine 01 has at least one printing unit 700 as described above and is further characterized in that the printing machine 01 additionally has at least one further printing unit 200; 500; 600, which is configured as a simultaneous printing unit 200, in particular a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, and / or which is configured as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet-fed numbering printing unit 500, and / or which is configured as a flexographic printing unit 600. In a further or alternative embodiment, the printing machine 01 preferably additionally has at least one further printing unit 200; 500; 600, which is further preferably configured as a simultaneous printing unit 200, in particular a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, and / or which is configured as a numbering printing unit 500, in particular a sheet-fed numbering printing unit 500, and / or which is configured as a flexographic printing unit 600.

[0113] In an additional or alternative embodiment, the printing press 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed printing unit 200 designed for a simultaneous printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 200 is also called a sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 or sheet-fed collating printing unit 200. The simultaneous printing process is characterized in particular by the fact that printing ink originating from different printing cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207 is first collected on a collecting cylinder 201; 202, preferably designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202, and then transferred simultaneously to a respective sheet 02. This transfer preferably takes place directly from the collecting cylinder 202, which is then preferably also designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202. The respective transfer cylinder 201; 202 preferably interacts with a respective impression cylinder 201; 202.Preferably, a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and an impression cylinder 201; 202 together form a printing point 218, wherein preferably the sheets 02 are transported through this printing point 218 and / or wherein preferably the sheets 02 are provided with printing ink in this printing point 218, in particular with the collected printing inks. Preferably, two cylinders 201; 202 interact such that each is designed as a transfer cylinder 201; 202 and simultaneously acts as an impression cylinder 201; 202 for the other of these two cylinders 201; 202. The sheet-simultaneous printing unit 200 is then, for example, also referred to as a simultaneous double printing unit 200 and serves in particular for the simultaneous printing of a respective sheet 02 on two sides. Preferably, only one of these collecting cylinders 201; 202 is designed as a sheet transport cylinder 201; 202.

[0114] The at least one sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 has at least two forming cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207. Preferably, each forming cylinder 203; 204; 206; 207 is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with, and / or capable of cooperating with, a respective counter-pressure cylinder 201; 202. Preferably, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 has four forming cylinders 203; 204; 206; 207, of which two are more preferably arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with, and / or capable of cooperating with, a first common collecting cylinder 201; 202, and of which two others are more preferably arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with, and / or capable of cooperating with, the other, in particular second, common collecting cylinder 201; 202.

[0115] Different printing forms, in particular printing plates, can be arranged on the respective printing cylinders 203, 204, 206, 207 of the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200, depending, for example, on the image to be printed. For example, at least one offset printing form can be arranged on the respective printing cylinder 203, 204, 206, 207. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one letterset printing form can be arranged on the respective printing cylinder 203, 204, 206, 207. A letterset printing form has a relatively low height of the ink-transferring areas compared to the rest of the printing plate and is comparable to a relief printing form in terms of its operating principle. Preferably, at least one inking unit 227 is arranged on each printing cylinder 203, 204, 206, 207.

[0116] In an alternative or additional embodiment, the sheet-fed simultaneous printing unit 200 is preferably characterized by having a first collecting cylinder 201 and a second collecting cylinder 202, which are arranged in direct contact with each other and / or in direct interaction with each other and which each have an axis of rotation 216; 217, and that an axis plane E1 is a plane E1 which contains both the axis of rotation 216 of the first collecting cylinder 201 and the axis of rotation 217 of the second collecting cylinder 202, and that a reference plane E2 is a plane E2 which contains at least one axis of rotation 216; 217 of such a collecting cylinder 201; 202 and which has a horizontal surface normal.These two collecting cylinders 201; 202 are preferably arranged, at least during a processing operation, in particular a printing operation, such that the angle of intersection between the axis plane E1 on the one hand and the reference plane E2 on the other hand is at most 45°, more preferably at most 30°, even more preferably at most 15°, even more preferably at most 10°, even more preferably at most 5°, even more preferably at most 2°, even more preferably at most 1°, even more preferably at most 0.5° and even more preferably exactly 0°.

[0117] In an additional or alternative embodiment, the printing press 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed printing unit 500 designed for a letterpress printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 500 is also called a letterpress unit 500. The letterpress printing process is used, for example, as a numbering printing process. The following describes a sheet-fed numbering printing unit 500, which also applies accordingly to general letterpress printing processes. In an additional or alternative embodiment, the printing press 01 preferably has at least one sheet-fed printing unit 500 designed for a numbering printing process. Such a sheet-fed printing unit 500 is also called a sheet-fed numbering printing unit 500. The sheet-fed numbering printing unit 500 preferably has at least one counter-pressure cylinder 501; 502, which is preferably designed as the respective sheet transport cylinder 501; 502.For example, the sheet numbering printing unit 500 has two cylinders 501; 502 of the first type, which are further preferably designed as respective counter-pressure cylinders 501; 502 and / or as respective sheet transport cylinders 501; 502 and / or which are in direct contact with each other and / or are arranged to interact directly with each other and / or to be able to interact directly with each other.

[0118] Preferably, the sheets 02 and / or the individual units of the sheets 02, which are designed particularly as securities, are numbered by means of a high-pressure process, in particular using at least one numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507, which more preferably has at least one numbering unit. Preferably, individual numbering units are used, several of which are more preferably arranged on a common numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507.Preferably, each numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has several numbering units arranged one behind the other in its circumferential direction, for example at least two, at least four, at least eight, or at least twelve, and / or each numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 has several numbering units arranged side by side in the transverse direction A. Each numbering unit has, for example, a counter with several symbol rollers, the symbol rollers each having recessed, in particular raised, areas in the form of symbols such as numbers and / or letters. Depending on the position of each symbol roller, a different symbol is located on the outside, in particular on an axis of rotation of the respective numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 referred to outside.Depending on the relative position of the individual symbol rollers, the outer symbols of the counter preferably combine to form a unique serial number. Preferably, at least one inking unit 518 is arranged for each numbering cylinder 503, 504, 506, or 507. The at least one inking unit 518 preferably applies printing ink to the outermost symbols of the numbering units of this respective numbering cylinder 503, 504, 506, or 507 upon contact. The respective numbering cylinder 503, 504, 506, or 507 is then rotated and comes into contact with the respective sheet 02, transferring the printing ink in the form of the symbol onto the sheet 02. Preferably, the combination of symbols is changed until the next contact of this numbering unit with the inking unit 518, so that a different marking can be transferred upon the next contact with the corresponding sheet 02.

[0119] Preferably, each numbering cylinder 503; 504; 506; 507 is arranged in direct contact with and / or directly cooperating with and / or capable of directly cooperating with a corresponding counter-pressure cylinder 501; 502. Preferably, the counter-pressure cylinders 501; 502 of the sheet numbering printing unit 500 are also designed as sheet transport cylinders 501; 502, particularly regardless of their number.

[0120] The preceding and / or following statements regarding the sheet numbering printing unit 500 also apply generally to a high-pressure unit 500, provided that no contradictions arise therefrom, in particular with the modification that high-pressure form cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507 preferably carry respective fixed printing forms and do not have numbering units, as is the case instead with numbering form cylinders 503; 504; 506; 507.

[0121] In an additional or alternative embodiment, the printing press 01 preferably comprises at least one sheet processing unit 600 and / or sheet printing unit 600 designed for a flexographic printing process. Such a sheet printing unit 600 is also called a flexographic printing unit 600. The flexographic printing process is used, for example, as a coating process, in particular a varnishing process. The flexographic printing unit 600 preferably comprises at least one impression cylinder 601; 602, which is further preferably designed as a sheet transport cylinder 601; 602. More preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises two impression cylinders 601; 602, which are further preferably designed as a sheet transport cylinder 601; 602 and / or which are arranged to be in direct contact with each other and / or to interact directly with each other and / or to be capable of interacting directly with each other.Preferably, the counter-pressure cylinders 601; 602 of the flexo printing unit 600 are also designed as sheet transport cylinders 601; 602, regardless of their number.

[0122] Preferably, the flexographic printing unit 600 comprises at least one flexographic printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607. Preferably, at least one inking unit 618 is arranged for each flexographic printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607. A flexographic printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607 is understood to be, in particular, a printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607 intended for a flexographic printing process and / or, in particular, a printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607 designed to carry at least one, preferably interchangeable, flexographic printing plate, especially on its outer surface. Preferably, each respective flexographic printing cylinder 603, 604, 606, or 607 is equipped with a respective impression cylinder 601. 602 arranged to be in direct contact and / or directly cooperating and / or capable of directly cooperating. Reference symbol list 01 Printing press, sheet-fed printing press, security printing press, rotary printing press, sheet-fed rotary printing press 02 Substrate, Bow 100 substrate feeder, arc feeder, arc feeder 101 Belt table, conveyor line 102 - 103 - 104 rotating transport bodies, receiving drum 200 processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, simultaneous sheet printing unit, simultaneous double printing unit, sheet collating printing unit 201 cylinders, master cylinders, collecting cylinders, transmission cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 202 cylinders, master cylinders, collecting cylinders, transmission cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 203 cylinders, forming cylinders, flat printing forming cylinders, letterset forming cylinders 204 cylinders, forming cylinders, flat printing forming cylinders, letterset forming cylinders 205 - 206 cylinders, forming cylinders, flat printing forming cylinders, letterset forming cylinders 207 cylinders, forming cylinders, flat printing forming cylinders, letterset forming cylinders 216 Rotation axis, axis position 217 Axis of rotation, axis position 218 Pressure point 227 Dye Works 400 inspection units 401 frame 402 Inspection equipment 403 Inspection equipment 404 sensor, line scan camera 405 - 406 Lighting equipment 407 Rotational transport bodies 408 Input interface 409 Output interface 500 processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, sheet numbering printing unit, high-pressure unit 501 Cylinders, master cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 502 Cylinders, master cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 503 cylinders, forming cylinders, offset printing forming cylinders, numbering forming cylinders, letterpress forming cylinders 504 cylinders, forming cylinders, offset printing forming cylinders, numbering forming cylinders, letterpress forming cylinders 505 - 506 cylinders, forming cylinders, offset printing forming cylinders, numbering forming cylinders, letterpress forming cylinders 507 Cylinders, forming cylinders, offset printing forming cylinders, numbering forming cylinders, letterpress forming cylinders 518 Dye Works 519 - 520 - 521 Rotation axis, axis position 522 Rotation axis, axis position 600 processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, flexographic printing unit, high-pressure unit 601 Cylinders, master cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 602 cylinders, master cylinders, counter-pressure cylinders, sheet transport cylinders 603 Cylinders, forming cylinders, flexo forming cylinders 604 Cylinders, forming cylinders, flexo forming cylinders 605 - 606 Cylinders, forming cylinders, flexo forming cylinders 607 Cylinders, forming cylinders, flexo forming cylinders 618 Dye Works 619 - 620 - 621 Rotation axis, axis position 622 Rotation axis, axis position 700 printing unit, processing unit, sheet processing unit, sheet printing unit, screen printing unit 701 frame 702 Frame side panel 703 Frame side panel 704 Basic module 705 - 706 Base side panel 707 Base side panel 708 Rotary transport body, assembly, counter-pressure cylinder 709 Rotary transport body, assembly, alignment cylinder 710 - 711 Rotary transport body, assembly, transfer drum 712 Rotary transport body, assembly, blow drum 713 Rotary transport body, assembly, suction drum 714 - 715 - 716 Rotation axis, 717 Rotation axis 718 Rotation axis 719 Rotation axis 720 - 721 - 722 - 723 Traverse 724 - 725 - 726 Installation area, first 727 Installation area, second 728 Installation area, third 729 Installation area, fourth 751 Printing form, screen printing form, rotary screen 752 Form cylinders, screen printing form cylinders 753 Rotation axis 754 Screen printing equipment 755 - 756 - 757 Squeegee device 758 Screen printing point, printing point, form-bound 767 Alignment device, alignment magnet 768 Inspection device, reflection inspection device 769 Actuator, linear motor, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder 770 - 771 Alignment device 772 Drying equipment, curing equipment, radiation dryer, UV dryer, LED dryer, UV-LED dryer, electron beam dryer 773 - 774 Magnetic device, simultaneous magnetic device, external 781 Exclusion, first 782 Exclusion, second 783 Exclusion, third 784 Exclusion, fourth 785 - 786 Additional module 787 Non-Impact Pressure Point 788 Curing area 789 Supply stock 790 - 791 Printhead, inkjet printhead, first 792 Radiation source, electron beam source 900 Unit, Dispensing Device, Sheet Dispensing, Multi-Stack Dispensing, Double-Stack Dispensing, Triple-Stack Dispensing, Quadruple-Stack Dispensing 901 Drop-off station, stack display 902 Dispensing station, stack display 903 Dispensing station, stack display 904 Bow conveyor system, chain conveyor system, chain gripper system 905 - 906 Drying equipment, curing equipment, radiation dryer, UV dryer, electron beam dryer A transverse direction N normal vector T Transport direction V direction, vertical E Transit level W726 Transport angle W727 Transport angle W728 Transport angle W729 Transport angle

Claims

[1] Printing unit (700), wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one forming cylinder (752) and at least one cooperating counter-pressure cylinder (708), and wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one frame (701) having at least two frame side walls (702; 703) arranged opposite each other in a transverse direction (A), and wherein the printing unit (700) comprises at least one first base module (704) and at least one second base module (704), and wherein each base module (704) comprises two one-piece and stationary base side walls (706; 707) that are each part of a respective frame side wall (702; 703), and wherein each base module (704) has four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) for rotary transport bodies (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714) and wherein the relative position of the four installation areas (726; 727; 728;729) of the first base module (704) to each other corresponds to the relative position of the four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704) to each other, and wherein the respective first installation area (726) and the respective second installation area (727) of the respective base module (704) along a transport path provided for transporting substrate (02) form a respective selection group of the respective base module (704), and wherein in exactly one of the installation areas (726; 727) of the selection group of the first base module (704) a counter-pressure cylinder (708) forming a first form-bound pressure point (758) with a form cylinder (752) is arranged, and wherein in each of the at least four installation areas (726; 727; 728; 729) of the two base modules (704) a respective rotary transport body (708; 709; 711; 712; 713;714) and wherein at least one printhead (791) of a non-impact print point (787) is arranged aligned with a rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) which is arranged in an installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704) and wherein at least one printhead (791) of a further non-impact print point (787) is arranged aligned with a rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) which is arranged in an installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704). [2] Pressure unit according to claim 1, characterized by , that in at least one installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the first base module (704) a functionally different rotating transport body (708; 709; 711; 712; 713; 714) is arranged than in an installation area (726; 727; 728; 729) of the second base module (704) corresponding with respect to its installation position. [3] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, that the counter-pressure cylinder (708) arranged in one of the installation areas (726; 727) of the selection group of the first base module (704) is arranged to form a screen printing point (758) with a screen printing form cylinder (752). [4] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized by, that in a first installation area (726) of the first base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02) a counter-pressure cylinder (708) is arranged and that in a second installation area (727) of the first base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02) a rotary transport body (711; 712) designed as a transfer drum (711) and / or as a blow drum (712) and / or as a suction drum (713) and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts713) is arranged and that in a third installation area (728) of the first base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02) a rotary transport body (709) designed as a first alignment cylinder (709) is arranged and that in a fourth installation area (729) of the first base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02) a rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) designed as a transfer drum (711) and / or as a blow drum (712) and / or as a suction drum (713) and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts is arranged and that the at least one printhead (791) of the non-impact printing point (787) is located on that rotary transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the second installation area (727) of the first base module (704) or those Rotary transport body (709; 711; 712;713) is arranged in the third installation area (728) of the first base module (704) and that a first curing area (788) of a first curing device (772) is arranged in the third installation area (728) of the first base module (704) or that a first curing area (788) of a first curing device (772) is arranged in the third installation area (728) of the first base module (704) or that a first curing area (788) of a first curing device (772) is arranged in the fourth installation area (729) of the fourth base module (729). [5] Pressure unit according to claim 4, characterized by, that a counter-pressure cylinder (708) is arranged in a second installation area (727) of the second base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02), and that a rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) designed as a transfer drum (711) and / or as a blow drum (712) and / or as a suction drum (713) and / or operating contactlessly except for gripper contacts is arranged in a third installation area (728) of the second base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02), and that a rotary transport body (709) designed as a further alignment cylinder (709) is arranged in a fourth installation area (729) of the second base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02), and that the at least one printhead (791) of the further non-impact printing point (787) is located on the Rotary transport body (709; 711; 712;713) in the third installation area (728) of the second base module (704) or that rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the fourth installation area (729) of the second base module (704) is aligned and that a further curing area (788) of a further curing device (772) is aligned with that rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) in the fourth installation area (729) of the second base module (704) or a subsequent rotating transport body (709; 711; 712; 713) outside the second base module (704). [6] Pressure unit according to claim 4, characterized by , that in a first installation area (726) of the second base module (704) along the transport path provided for the transport of substrate (02) a rotating transport body (709) designed as a further alignment cylinder (709) is arranged. [7] Pressure unit according to claim 6, characterized by, that at least one printhead (791) of the further non-impact printing point (787) is aligned with the alignment cylinder (709) in the first installation area (726) of the second base module (704) or with the rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) upstream of it, and / or that a further curing area (788) of a further curing device (772) is aligned with the alignment cylinder (709) in the first installation area (726) of the second base module (704) or with the rotary transport body (711; 712; 713) in the second installation area (727) of the second base module (704). [8] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized by , that in a supply reservoir (789) which is connected via lines to at least one first printhead (791), an additive for modifying the curing properties of applied material is arranged. [9] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized by , that the first form-bound printing point (758) is designed as a screen printing point (758). [10] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterized by , that the respective alignment cylinder (709) has a plurality of elements generating a magnetic field in the area of ​​its outer circumference. [11] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, characterized by that the curing device (771) has at least one radiation source (792) for UV radiation and / or at least one electron beam source (792). [12] Pressure unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11, characterized by , that the printing unit (700) is designed as a sheet printing unit (700). [13] Printing machine (01), wherein the printing machine (01) comprises at least one printing unit (700) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12, characterized by , that the printing machine (01) additionally has at least one further printing unit (200; 500; 600) which is designed as a simultaneous printing unit (200) and / or which is designed as a numbering printing unit (500) and / or which is designed as a flexo printing unit (600).

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