ELASTOMER DAMPING LAYER FOR SILICON-BASED SOLID BATTERY

Abstract

Battery cell comprising: an anode electrode layer comprising an active anode material consisting of silicon or silicon mixed with graphite, a solid electrolyte and an anode current collector; a cathode electrode layer containing an active cathode material; a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer; and an elastomer layer that is positioned between the anode electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

Description

INTRODUCTION

[0001] The information given in this section serves to provide a general overview of the context of the disclosure. The work of the inventors mentioned herein, to the extent described in this section, as well as aspects of the description that do not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither explicitly nor implicitly recognized as prior art with respect to the present disclosure.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to battery cells and in particular to silicon-based solid-state batteries.

[0003] Electric vehicles (EVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid vehicles, and / or fuel cell vehicles, contain one or more electric motors and a battery system comprising one or more battery cells, one or more battery modules, and / or one or more battery assemblies. A power control system is used to manage the charging and discharging of the battery system during charging and / or driving. EV manufacturers aim to achieve increased energy density to extend the range of their vehicles.

[0004] Solid-state batteries (SSBs) with solid electrolyte and SSBs with sulfide electrolyte have the potential to be superior to various other types of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in terms of abuse tolerance, operating temperature range and system design.

[0005] US 2020 / 0 243 838 A1 discloses rechargeable lithium-metal batteries with lithium metal as the active anode material and a process for their manufacture. US 2017 / 0 288 211 A1 discloses rechargeable lithium batteries and, in particular, active anode materials in the form of particles encapsulated with elastomers and the process for their manufacture. SUMMARY

[0006] A battery cell contains an anode electrode layer comprising an active anode material consisting of silicon or silicon mixed with graphite, a solid electrolyte, and an anode current collector. A cathode electrode layer comprises an active cathode material. A solid electrolyte layer is positioned between the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer. An elastomer layer is positioned between the anode electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer.

[0007] According to some examples, the elastomer layer comprises an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion conductive medium. The elastomer matrix contains one or more materials selected from a group consisting of an acrylic-based elastomer, natural rubber, polyisoprene, butyl rubber, chloroprene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, fluorosilicone, nitrile butadiene, saturated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and urethane. The lithium-ion conductive medium comprises a lithium salt and / or a solid electrolyte.

[0008] According to other characteristics, the lithium salt comprises a lithium cation and at least one anion selected from a group consisting of hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, bis(oxalate)borate (BOB), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), cyclo-difluoromethane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (DMSI), bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI), difluoro(oxalate)borate (DFOB) and bis(fluoromalonate)borate (BFMB).

[0009] According to other characteristics, the solid electrolyte contains one or more materials selected from a group consisting of an oxide-based solid electrolyte, a metal-doped or aliovalently substituted oxide solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a nitride-based solid electrolyte, a hydride-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte, and a borate-based solid electrolyte. Furthermore, the elastomer layer comprises a plasticizer. The plasticizer is selected from a group consisting of an ether, a nitrile, a carbonate solvent, a lactone, a sulfone, a phosphate, and an ionic liquid.

[0010] According to other characteristics, the anode electrode layer comprises an active anode material, a solid electrolyte, and a binder comprising an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion conductive medium. The binder further comprises a plasticizer. The elastomer layer comprises an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion conductive medium. The anode electrode layer comprises the active anode material, a solid electrolyte, and a binder comprising an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion conductive medium.

[0011] According to other characteristics, the cathode electrode layer comprises an active cathode material, a solid electrolyte, a conductive additive, and a binder. The active cathode material contains one or more materials selected from a group consisting of rock salt layer oxides, spinel, polyanion cathode materials, lithium transition metal oxides, and lithiated metal oxide / metal sulfide.

[0012] According to other characteristics, the conductive additive is selected from a group consisting of carbon black, graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, Super P, acetylene carbon black, carbon nanofibers, and carbon nanotubes. The binder is selected from a group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS).

[0013] A battery cell contains an anode electrode layer, which includes active anode material, a solid electrolyte, and a binder comprising an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion conductive medium. A cathode electrode layer comprises active cathode material. A solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer.

[0014] According to other examples, the binder further comprises a plasticizer. The elastomer matrix contains one or more materials selected from a group consisting of an acrylic-based elastomer, natural rubber, polyisoprene, butyl rubber, chloroprene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, fluorosilicone, nitrile butadiene, saturated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and urethane. The lithium-ion-conducting medium comprises a lithium salt and / or a solid electrolyte. The lithium salt comprises a lithium cation and at least one anion selected from a group consisting of hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, bis(oxalate)borate (BOB), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), cyclo-difluoromethane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (DMSI), bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI), difluoro(oxalate)borate (DFOB) and bis(fluoromalonate)borate (BFMB).The solid electrolyte contains one or more materials selected from a group consisting of an oxide-based solid electrolyte, a metal-doped or aliovalently substituted oxide solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a nitride-based solid electrolyte, a hydride-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte, and a borate-based solid electrolyte.

[0015] According to other characteristics, the plasticizer is selected from a group consisting of an ether, a nitrile, a carbonate solvent, a lactone, a sulfone, a phosphate and an ionic liquid.

[0016] Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, the claims, and the drawings. The detailed description and the specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present revelation becomes more fully understandable from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings; they show: Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B Side cross-sectional views of a silicon-based solid-state battery containing an elastomer layer arranged adjacent to an anode electrode and containing an elastomer material and a lithium-ion conductive material, in the discharged and charged states, according to the present disclosure; Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B an elastomer layer comprising an elastomer material and a lithium ion conductive material, in the discharged and charged states of the silicon-based solid-state battery, according to the present disclosure; Fig. 3 a lateral cross-sectional view of a silicon-based solid-state battery containing an anode electrode comprising a binder containing an elastomer material and a lithium-ion conductive material (not according to the invention); Fig. 4 a lateral cross-sectional view of a silicon-based solid-state battery comprising an elastomer layer and an anode electrode comprising a binder comprising an elastomer material and a lithium-ion conductive material, according to the present disclosure; Fig. 5A a lateral cross-sectional view of a silicon-based solid-state battery containing an elastomer layer containing a lithium-ion conductive material and a plasticizer, according to the present disclosure; Fig. 5B a lateral cross-sectional view of the elastomer layer containing a lithium ion conductive material and a plasticizer, according to the present disclosure; Fig. 6 a lateral cross-sectional view of a silicon-based solid-state battery comprising an anode electrode containing a binder comprising an elastomeric material, a lithium-ion conductive material, and a plasticizer, according to the present disclosure; and Fig. 7 a lateral cross-sectional view of a silicon-based solid-state battery comprising an elastomeric material containing a plasticizer and an anode electrode comprising a binder with an elastomeric material, a lithium ion conductive material and a plasticizer, according to the present disclosure.

[0018] Reference symbols may be used multiple times in the drawings to denote similar and / or identical elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Although the battery cells are described here in the context of electric vehicles (EVs), the battery cells can be used in stationary applications, non-vehicle applications and / or other applications.

[0020] Silicon has proven to be a promising alternative to graphite-based anode electrodes for solid-state batteries, as it is environmentally friendly, has a suitable electrochemical potential (~0.3 volts compared to Li / Li+), and a high theoretical capacity (4200 milliampere-hours per gram (mAh / g) for Li4,4Si). However, silicon anode electrodes can undergo volume expansion (e.g., >300%) during charging. This significant expansion and contraction creates mechanical stresses that can cause cracking and / or pulverization of the silicon and degrade the ionic interfaces between the solid electrolyte layer and the silicon anode electrolyte layer. As a result, the battery capacity can decrease.

[0021] An elastomer layer according to the present disclosure comprises an elastomer matrix and a lithium-ion (Li-ion) conductive medium. The elastomer matrix comprises, for example, polybutyl acrylate (PBA) or cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)), and the Li-ion conductive medium comprises LiTFSI (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide). The elastomer layer is arranged in a solid-state battery (SSB) between a solid electrolyte layer and a silicon anode electrode layer (Si anode electrode layer).

[0022] The mechanical elasticity of the elastomer layer helps to release mechanical stress generated during charging and discharging. In other words, the elastomer layer compensates for volume changes in the active silicon material and minimizes potential structural changes in the silicon anode electrode layer. The adhesive properties of the elastomer layer maintain interfacial ion contact between the solid electrolyte layer and the silicon anode electrode layer.

[0023] Now based on Fig. 1A to 1B, a silicon-based solid-state battery 100 contains an elastomer layer 120 arranged adjacent to an anode electrode layer 114. Fig. In 1A, a solid electrolyte layer 122 is arranged between the elastomer layer 120 and a cathode electrode layer 126. The anode electrode layer 114 contains an active anode material 118, a solid electrolyte 119, and an anode current collector 116. The cathode electrode layer 126 contains active cathode material 128, solid electrolyte 130, and a cathode current collector 127.

[0024] In Fig. Figure 1A shows the silicon-based solid-state battery 100 in a discharged state. Fig. Figure 1B shows the silicon-based solid-state battery 100 in a charged state. Charging causes the active anode material 118 to expand into the elastomer layer 120, which in turn causes the elastomer layer 120 to be compressed to accommodate or dampen the expansion of the active anode material 118.

[0025] In Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B contains the elastomer layer 120, the elastomer matrix 152 and the lithium ion conducting medium 154, which is shown in the discharged and charged states, respectively.

[0026] In some examples, the elastomer matrix comprises polybutyl acrylate (PBA) crosslinked by 1 mol% poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). In some examples, the average molecular weight (MW) is in the range of approximately 1000 to approximately 999,000 (e.g., 99,000). In some examples, the elastomer matrix has a density ρ in the range of approximately 0.90 to approximately 1.50 (e.g., 1.09 grams per milliliter (g / mL) at 25 °C). In some examples, the Li-ion-conducting medium comprises a silicon salt such as LiTFSI in the range of approximately 0.01 M to approximately 5 M (e.g., 0.8 M).

[0027] Now based on Fig. 3 (not according to the invention) the elastomer material can be arranged in other locations and dampen the expansion of the silicon during charging / discharging. In Fig. 3 (not according to the invention) comprises a silicon-based solid-state battery 200 comprising the anode electrode layer 114, the solid electrolyte layer 122 and the cathode electrode layer 126. The anode electrode layer 114 comprises the active anode material 118, the solid electrolyte 119 and a binder 210 comprising the elastomer material and the lithium-ion conductive material.

[0028] Now based on Fig. 4 contains a silicon-based solid-state battery 300, the elastomer layer 120 and the anode electrode layer 114, which contains the binder 210 with the elastomer material and with the lithium ion conductive material.

[0029] According to other examples, the elastomer layer and / or the elastomer material in the binder contains plasticizers. Now, based on… Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B The silicon-based solid-state battery 400 contains an elastomer layer 410, which includes the elastomer matrix 152, the lithium-ion conducting medium 154, and a plasticizer 414. According to some examples, the plasticizer 414 provides approximately 5 wt.% to approximately 50 wt.% (e.g., approximately 10 wt.%) of the elastomer layer 410.

[0030] Now based on Fig. 6 contains the silicon-based anode electrode layer 114 of the solid-state battery 450, the active anode material 118, the solid electrolyte 119, and a binder 460. The binder 460 contains the elastomer matrix 152, the lithium-ion conducting medium 154, and the plasticizer 414.

[0031] Now based on Fig.7 The silicon-based solid-state battery 470 contains the elastomer layer 410. The anode electrode layer 114 of the silicon-based solid-state battery 470 contains the active anode material 118, the solid electrolyte 119 and the binder 460.

[0032] According to some examples, the Li-ion conductive medium is compatible with and dispersible in an elastomer matrix. According to some examples, the Li-ion conductive medium contains a lithium salt and / or a solid electrolyte. According to some examples, the lithium salt contains a lithium cation and at least one anion selected from a group that includes or consists of hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, bis(oxalate)borate (BOB), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), cyclo-difluoromethane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (DMSI), bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI), difluoro(oxalate)borate (DFOB), and bis(fluoromalonate)borate (BFMB).

[0033] According to some examples, the solid electrolyte contains or consists of one or more materials selected from a group that includes or consists of an oxide-based solid electrolyte, a metal-doped or aliovalently substituted oxide-based solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a nitride-based solid electrolyte, a hydride-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte, and a borate-based solid electrolyte.

[0034] Examples of solid oxide-based electrolytes include a garnet type (e.g., Li7La3Zr2O). 12 ), a perovskite type (e.g. Li 3x La 2 / 3-x TiO3), a NASICON type (e.g. Li 1,4 Al 0,4 Ti 1,6 (PO4)3 and Li 1+x Al x Ge 2-x (PO4)3) and a LISICON type (e.g. Li 2+2x Zn 1-xGeO4). Examples of a metal-doped solid electrolyte or an aliovalently substituted oxide solid electrolyte containing Al (or Nb) doped Li7La3Zr2O 12 , Sb-doped Li7La3Zr2O 12 , Li7La3Zr2O substituted with Ga 12 , LiSn2P3O substituted with Cr and V 12 , perovskite substituted with Al, Li 1+x+y Al x Ti 2-x Si y P 3-y O 12 .

[0035] According to some examples, the sulfide electrolyte is chosen from a group containing or consisting of pseudobinary sulfide, pseudoternary sulfide, and pseudoquaternary sulfide. Examples of pseudobinary sulfide include a Li₂S-P₂S₅ system (Li₃PS₄, Li₇P₃S₅). 11 and Li 9,6 P3S 12), a Li₂S-SnS₂ system (Li₄SnS₄), a Li₂S-SiS₂ system, a Li₂S-GeS₂ system, a Li₂S-B₂S₃ system, a Li₂S-Ga₂S₃ system, a Li₂S-P₂S₃ system, a Li₂S-Al₂S₃ system. Examples of pseudoternary sulfides include, for example, a Li₂O-Li₂S-P₂S₅ system, a Li₂S-P₂S₅-P₂O₅ system, a Li₂S-P₂S₅-GeS₂ system (Li₂S-P₂S₅-Ga₂S₃ system, a Li₂S-P₂S₃ system, a Li₂S-Al₂S₃ system. 3,25 Ge 0,25 P 0,75 S4 and Li 10 GeP2S 12 ), a Li2S-P2S5-LiX system (X = F, Cl, Br, I) (Li6PS5Br, Li6PS5Cl, L7P2S8I and Li4PS4I), a Li2S-As2S5-SnS2 system (Li 3,833 Sn 0,833 As 0,166 S4), a Li2S-P2S5-Al2S3 system, a Li2S-LiX-SiS2 system (X = F, Cl, Br, I), 0.4Lil·0.6Li4SnS4 and Li 11 Si2PS 12 Examples of pseudoquaternary sulfide include a Li₂O-Li₂S-P₂S₅-P₂O₅ system, Li 9,54 Si 1,74 P 1,44 S 11,7 Cl 0,3 , Li7P 2,9 Mn 0,1 S 10,7 I 0,3 and Li 10,35 [Sn 0,27 S 1,08 ]P 1,65 S 12 .

[0036] Examples of nitride-based solid electrolytes include Li3N, Li7PN4, and LiSi2N3. Examples of hydride-based solid electrolytes include LiBH4, LiBH4-LiX (X = Cl, Br, or I), LiNH2, Li2NH, LiBH4-LiNH2, and Li3AlH6. Examples of halide-based solid electrolytes include Li1, Li3InCl6, Li2CdCl4, Li2MgCl4, Li2CdI4, Li2ZnI4, and Li3OCl. Examples of borate-based solid electrolytes include Li2B4O7 and Li2O-B2O3-P2O5.

[0037] According to some examples, the elastomer matrix disperses the Li-ion-conducting medium while maintaining both mechanical elasticity and functionality. According to some examples, the elastomer matrix contains one or more materials selected from a group that includes or consists of acrylic-based elastomers (e.g., poly(butyl acrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate)-g-polyacrylonitrile), natural rubber, polyisoprene, butyl rubber, chloroprene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, fluorosilicone, nitrile butadiene, saturated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and urethane (e.g., polyurethane).

[0038] In some examples, the anode and cathode electrodes contain active electrode material, solid electrolyte, conductive additive, and binder. In some examples, the thickness of the anode and cathode electrodes ranges from approximately 1 micrometer (µm) to approximately 400 µm. In some examples, the active electrode material comprises approximately 30 wt.% to 98 wt.%, the solid electrolyte approximately 0 wt.% to 50 wt.%, the conductive additive approximately 0 wt.% to 30 wt.%, and the binder 0.1 wt.% to 20 wt.%. In various implementations, the sum of the wt.% of the active electrode material, solid electrolyte, conductive additive, and binder can be 100 wt.%.

[0039] According to some examples, the active cathode material contains one or more materials selected from a group that includes or consists of rock salt layer oxides, spinel, polyanion cathode materials, lithium transition metal oxides, and lithiated metal oxide / metal sulfide. In some examples, surface-coated or doped rock salt layer oxides, spinel, polyanion cathode materials, and lithium transition metal oxides are used.

[0040] Examples of rock salt layer oxides contain LiCoO2, LiNi x Mn y Co 1-x-y O2, LiNi x Mn- y Al 1-x-y O2, LiNi x Mn 1-x O2, Li 1+x MO2. Examples of spinel include LiMn2O4 and LiNi. 0,5 Mn 1,5O4. Examples of a polyanion cathode include LiV2(PO4)3. Examples of surface-coated and / or doped cathode materials include LiMn2O4 coated with LiNbO3 and LiMn2O4 doped with Al. Examples of lithiated metal oxide / metal sulfide are LiTiS2, lithium sulfide, and sulfur.

[0041] According to some examples, the binder is chosen from a group consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS).

[0042] According to some examples, the conductive additive is chosen from a group consisting of carbon black, graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, Super P, acetylene carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes and other electrically conductive additives.

[0043] According to some examples, the plasticizer is chosen from a group that contains or consists of an ether, a nitrile, a carbonate solvent, a lactone, a sulfone, a phosphate and an ionic liquid.

[0044] Examples of ethers include triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Triglym, G3), tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Tetraglym, G4), 1,3-dimethoxypropane, and 1,4-dioxane. Examples of nitriles include succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, and adiponitrile. Examples of carbonate solvents include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), glycerol carbonate, vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and 1,2-butylene carbonate. Examples of lactones include γ-butyrolactone and δ-valerolactone. Examples of sulfones include tetramethylenesulfone, ethyl methylsulfone, vinylsulfone, phenylsulfone, 4-fluorophenylsulfone, and benzylsulfone. Examples of phosphates include triethyl phosphate and trimethyl phosphate.

[0045] Examples of ionic liquids include ionic liquid cations and ionic liquid anions. Examples of ionic liquid cations include 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, 1-propyl-1-methylpiperidinium, 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidinium, 1-methyl-1-ethylpyrrolidinium, 1-propyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium, and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium. Examples of ionic liquid anions include bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI).

[0046] The foregoing description is by its very nature illustrative and is not intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses in any way. The comprehensive teachings of the disclosure can be implemented in a multitude of forms. Although this disclosure contains certain examples, the true scope of protection of the disclosure is not intended to be limited thereto, since other modifications will become apparent upon study of the drawings, the description, and the following claims. Naturally, one or more steps within a process may be carried out in a different order (or concurrently) without altering the principles of the present disclosure.Although each of the embodiments described above has been characterized by certain features, one or more of these features described in relation to any embodiment of the disclosure may also be implemented in and / or together with features of any of the other embodiments, even if this combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described embodiments are not mutually exclusive, and interchanges of one or more embodiments with another remain within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

[0047] Spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between modules, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms including "connected," "interlocking," "coupled," "adjacent," "next to," "on," "above," "below," and "arranged." If a relationship between a first and a second element is not explicitly described as "direct" in the above disclosure, this relationship may be a direct relationship in which there are no other intervening elements between the first and the second element, or it may be an indirect relationship in which there are one or more (either spatially or functionally) intervening elements between the first and the second element.The way the phrase "at least one of A, B and C" is used here is intended to mean a logical (A OR B OR C) using a non-exclusive logical OR and is not to be understood as "at least one of A, at least one of B and at least one of C".

[0048] In the figures, the direction of an arrow, as indicated by the arrowhead, generally illustrates the flow of information (such as data or instructions) that is relevant to the representation. For example, if element A and element B exchange a variety of information, but the information transmitted from element A to element B is relevant to the representation, the arrow may point from element A to element B. This simply directed arrow does not mean that no other information is transmitted from element B to element A. Furthermore, for information sent from element A to element B, element B may send requests for the information to element A or receive acknowledgments of those requests.

Claims

[1] Battery cell comprising: an anode electrode layer comprising an active anode material consisting of silicon or silicon mixed with graphite, a solid electrolyte and an anode current collector; a cathode electrode layer containing an active cathode material; a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer; and an elastomer layer that is positioned between the anode electrode layer and the solid electrolyte layer. [2] Battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the elastomer layer comprises an elastomer matrix and a lithium ion conducting medium. [3] Battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the elastomer layer comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of an acrylic-based elastomer, natural rubber, polyisoprene, butyl rubber, chloroprene, ethylene propylene diene, fluorosilicone, nitrile butadiene, saturated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and urethane. [4] Battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the lithium ion conducting medium comprises a lithium salt and / or a solid electrolyte. [5] Battery cell according to claim 4, wherein the lithium salt comprises a lithium cation and at least one anion selected from the group consisting of hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluorophosphate, perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, bis(oxalate)borate (BOB), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), cyclo-difluoromethane-1,1-bis(sulfonyl)imide (DMSI), bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI), difluoro(oxalate)borate (DFOB) and bis(fluoromalonate)borate (BFMB). [6] Battery cell according to claim 4, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises one or more materials selected from a group consisting of an oxide-based solid electrolyte, a metal-doped or aliovalently substituted oxide solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a nitride-based solid electrolyte, a hydride-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte and a borate-based solid electrolyte. [7] Battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the elastomer layer further comprises a plasticizer. [8] Battery cell according to claim 7, wherein the plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of an ether, a nitrile, a carbonate solvent, a lactone, a sulfone, a phosphate and an ionic liquid. [9] Battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the anode electrode layer comprises a binder comprising an elastomer matrix and a lithium ion conducting medium. [10] Battery cell according to claim 9, wherein the binder further comprises a plasticizer.

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