retaining ring for screwdriving tool, reaction force transmission element for screwdriving tool and screwdriving tool

Abstract

A retaining ring (10) for securing a reaction force transmission element to a housing (102) of a screwdriving device (100), wherein the screwdriving device (100) has an axially extending housing section (108) with a housing profile to which the reaction force transmission element can be positively attached, and wherein the housing section (108) has an at least partially circumferential groove (112), with a retaining ring (12) and with a locking ring (14), wherein the retaining ring (12) has a retaining ring hole (12a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108), wherein the locking ring (14) has a locking ring hole (14a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108) and a thickness adapted to the groove (112), wherein the retaining ring (12) and the locking ring (14) are arranged coaxially to each other and are held axially to each other.wherein in a basic position the retaining ring hole (12a) and the locking ring hole (14a) at least partially overlap, wherein the locking ring (14) is rotatably arranged about a central axis (M) common with the retaining ring (12) relative to the retaining ring (12) and, in the state arranged on the housing section (108), the locking ring (14) is rotatable from the basic position relative to the retaining ring (12) into a locking position in which the locking ring (14) engages in the groove (112) at least with a locking section.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a retaining ring for a screwing device, a reaction force transmission element for a screwing device and a screwing device.

[0002] Screwdriving devices, such as screwdrivers or rotary screwdrivers, are used for tightening or loosening screws. There are various types of screwdriving devices, which can be driven pneumatically, hydraulically, or electrically, for example. Reaction arms are used to support the reaction torque transferred to the housing of the screwdriving device when tightening or loosening screws. A reaction arm can, for example, be positively connected to the housing of the screwdriving device and, during operation, is supported on the area around the screw to be worked on. Previously known screwdriving devices can, for example, have a housing surrounding the output shaft, which has a housing profile with a splined shaft shape, onto which the reaction arm is pushed with a correspondingly adapted ring.To secure the reaction arm against axial movement, a circumferential groove is incorporated into the housing profile, into which a retaining ring is inserted. The retaining ring can only be attached or removed with a tool. Attaching or removing the reaction arm therefore requires relatively complex work steps. A well-known screwdriver, for example, is the "DP2power" screwdriver sold under the brand name "Plarad."

[0003] DE 11 2011 102 337 T5 discloses a retaining ring for securing a reaction force transmission element to a housing of a screwing device, comprising a retaining ring with a thread and a locking ring. The retaining ring can be screwed onto a thread on the housing of the screwing device, and locking pins are movable in the axial direction via the locking ring, locking the retaining ring against rotation. Further retaining rings are known from US 4 462 282 A, DE 203 01 759 U1, and EP 3 568 263 B1.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a locking ring for a screwing device that allows for simplified handling of a reaction force transmission element. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a screwing device with a locking ring for the reaction force transmission element that allows for simplified handling of the reaction force transmission element, as well as a reaction force transmission element that is easier to handle.

[0005] The retaining ring according to the invention is defined by the features of claim 1.

[0006] The screwing device according to the invention is defined by the features of claim 11.

[0007] The reaction force transmission element according to the invention is defined by the features of claim 21.

[0008] The retaining ring according to the invention for securing a reaction force transmission element, preferably a reaction arm, to a housing of a screwdriving device, wherein the screwdriving device has a housing section running in an axial direction and having a housing profile to which the reaction force transmission element can be positively fastened and wherein the housing section has an at least partially circumferential groove or recess, has a retaining ring and a locking ring. The retaining ring has a retaining ring hole with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section, and the locking ring has a locking ring hole with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section and a thickness adapted to the groove. The retaining ring and the locking ring are arranged coaxially to one another and are held or locked relative to one another in the axial direction.fixed, wherein in a basic position the retaining ring hole and the locking ring hole at least partially overlap. The locking ring is arranged rotatably relative to the retaining ring about a central axis common to the retaining ring. When arranged on the housing section, the locking ring can be rotated from the basic position relative to the retaining ring into a locking position in which the locking ring engages in the groove with at least a locking section. The locking ring has a thickness (extension in the axial direction) that is smaller than the width of the groove (extension in the axial direction), thereby enabling engagement.

[0009] The retaining ring according to the invention makes it easy to secure a reaction force transmission element to the housing of a screwdriving device. By adapting the retaining ring and the locking ring to the housing profile of the housing section of the screwdriving device, the retaining ring and locking ring can be easily pushed together onto the housing profile in the axial direction of the housing section. Once the locking ring is arranged in the region of the groove in the housing section, the locking ring can be rotated relative to the retaining ring, whereby the retaining ring remains in position in the direction of rotation due to the adaptation of the retaining ring hole to the housing profile. The groove enables the locking ring to be rotated such that it engages in the groove with a locking section.As a result, an overlap occurs between the locking section and at least part of the housing profile, viewed in the axial direction of the housing section, so that axial movement of the retaining ring is prevented by the interaction of the locking ring and the housing profile. This allows the reaction force transmission element to be secured in the axial direction of the housing profile.

[0010] By arranging the retaining ring and locking ring coaxially with each other, whereby they are held or fixed in the axial direction relative to each other, the retaining ring can form a guide for the locking ring, so that the locking ring can be advantageously rotated from the home position to the locked position and back to the home position for removal. Furthermore, the locking ring according to the invention offers the particular advantage that the positioning and fastening of the locking ring to the housing section of the screwdriving device can be carried out without tools, since to secure the reaction force transmission element, only the locking ring needs to be pushed on and the locking ring needs to be rotated to reach the locked position. This enables particularly simple handling.

[0011] In order to be able to positively fasten the reaction force transmission element to the housing section, the housing section has a housing profile with a cross-section with a varying radius. This housing profile, which deviates from a circular shape, is used by the locking ring according to the invention to position the retaining ring in a rotationally fixed manner on the housing section and, in the locking position of the locking ring, to enable an axial overlap between the locking ring and the housing profile by removing an engagement option for the locking section of the locking ring from the housing profile by means of the groove.

[0012] Preferably, the locking ring hole of the locking ring and the retaining ring hole of the retaining ring are congruent in the home position. In principle, the inner profile of the locking ring hole and the inner profile of the retaining ring hole can be different, provided that the home position allows the locking ring to be pushed onto the housing profile of the housing section of the screwdriver in the axial direction. However, designing the locking ring hole and retaining ring hole in a congruent shape offers the advantage that they can be manufactured easily and, moreover, the home position of the locking ring is easy to identify, since the locking ring hole and retaining ring hole are completely aligned with one another in this position. In the context of the invention, congruent shape means that the shape of the locking ring hole and retaining ring hole are almost identical.For example, if the housing profile has an involute profile shape with a plurality of involute profiles, the locking ring hole and the retaining ring hole can have the same number of correspondingly adapted projections arranged one above the other in the home position, but do not necessarily have to have exactly the same length.

[0013] In this case, it can be provided that the inner profile of the locking ring hole of the locking ring and the inner profile of the retaining ring hole of the retaining ring have a shape inverse to the housing profile. This has the advantage that the retaining ring can be easily pushed onto the housing section, since it is easy to see how the retaining ring must be positioned relative to the housing profile to allow the retaining ring to be pushed onto the housing section.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking ring is fixable, preferably lockable, in the locking position and / or in the home position relative to the retaining ring. This ensures that the locking ring remains in the locking position and is not accidentally rotated into the home position. The fixation can be achieved, for example, by frictional engagement or by positive locking.

[0015] Preferably, the retaining ring according to the invention comprises a base ring with a base ring hole, wherein the locking ring is coaxially attached to the base ring and can be rotated relative to the retaining ring by means of the base ring. The base ring imparts greater stability to the retaining ring according to the invention, while at the same time, rotation of the locking ring is simplified, since it can be easily rotated by means of the base ring. For example, the base ring can be designed with a greater thickness than the locking ring, whose thickness is adapted to the groove.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the base ring has a stop projection, wherein the stop projection has a distance A in the axial direction from the locking ring, which distance is adapted to a distance B in the axial direction of a stop surface of the housing section to the groove on the housing section.

[0017] The stop projection on the base ring thus allows the locking ring to be advantageously positioned, since when the locking ring is pushed onto the housing section, the stop projection can abut the stop surface of the housing section, thus advantageously aligning the locking ring with the groove to enable the locking ring to be rotated into the locking position. The stop projection on the base ring thus enables simple handling of the locking ring according to the invention.

[0018] In principle, it is also possible for the retaining ring to strike the reaction force transmission element when pushed onto the housing section. The reaction force transmission element can be adapted to the length of the housing section (extension in the axial direction) with a fastening section, so that the locking ring is aligned in a position relative to the groove to enable the locking ring to be rotated into the locking position.

[0019] The invention can further provide that, to lock the locking ring in the locked position, a locking element arranged on the base ring engages in a recess in the retaining ring. By means of the locking element, a positive-locking fixation of the locking ring in the locked position is possible in a simple manner. The base ring also offers sufficient space for the locking element, which can be operated, for example, on the side of the base ring facing away from the locking ring. Since the retaining ring for securing the reaction force transmission element, when arranged on the housing section, usually rests against the reaction force transmission element or is at least arranged with only a small gap to the reaction force transmission element, the previously described arrangement of the locking element on the base ring offers the advantage that the locking element can be operated in a simple manner.

[0020] It can be provided that the locking element is spring-loaded towards the retaining ring and engages into the recess in the retaining ring by means of a ball or a conical body. In the locked position, the ball or the conical body thus engages in the recess and is held in this position by the spring loading of the locking element. In order to move the retaining ring from the locked position to the home position, the ball or the conical body slides along the edge of the recess in the retaining ring and presses the locking element away from the retaining ring against the spring load. Furthermore, locking in the home position is also possible, in which case a further recess can be provided in the retaining ring, into which recess the ball or the conical body is pressed when locking in the home position.

[0021] Alternatively, the locking element can be spring-loaded towards the base ring and connected to a locking pin that is pulled into the recess by the locking element. For this purpose, the locking pin can, for example, have a narrow section with a thickened portion as a head, wherein the recess is designed as an elongated hole, wherein the recess has an extension adapted to the locking position of the locking ring and the head of the locking pin. During rotation, the locking pin slides with its narrower section along the recess, wherein the locking element, due to the spring load, draws the locking pin with its head into the extension of the recess when the locking position is reached. Furthermore, locking in the home position is also possible, wherein the elongated hole then has a second extension into which the head of the locking pin can engage in the home position.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the base ring, the locking ring and / or the retaining ring have embedded magnets.

[0023] For example, the magnets make it possible to fix the retaining ring to the housing or the reaction force transmission element when removed from the housing section, thus ensuring convenient storage of the retaining ring until further use. For example, in an embodiment in which the magnets are arranged in the locking ring, it is also possible for the locking ring, when placed on the housing profile, to adhere to the reaction force transmission element by means of the magnets, so that, after being rotated to the home position, it can be removed from the housing profile together with the reaction force transmission element and reattached for further use.

[0024] The retaining ring according to the invention can have a first limiting device that limits the rotation of the retaining ring and locking ring when the locking position is reached. Alternatively or additionally, a second limiting device can be provided that limits the rotation of the retaining ring and locking ring when the home position is reached. This allows for particularly simple handling of the retaining ring according to the invention.

[0025] The invention further relates to a screwing device with a housing, with a housing section running in an axial direction with a housing profile, with a reaction force transmission element, for example a reaction arm, wherein the reaction force transmission element is positively connected to the housing section, and with a locking ring according to the invention for securing the reaction force transmission element to the housing, wherein the housing section has an at least partially circumferential groove into which the locking ring engages.

[0026] In the screwing device according to the invention, the locking ring can be connected to the reaction force transmission element, so that, for example, the retaining ring is formed by the reaction force transmission element, for example, by a fastening section of the reaction force transmission element with which the reaction force transmission element is pushed onto the housing profile. In other words, the locking ring is held in the axial direction and rotatably mounted on the fastening section of the reaction force transmission element.

[0027] The advantages of the locking ring according to the invention resulting in connection with the screwing device correspond to the advantages previously described with regard to the locking ring according to the invention.

[0028] In the screwing device according to the invention, the housing section of the housing profile can, for example, be a part of the housing surrounding the output shaft, so that the axial direction of the housing section corresponds to the axial direction of the output shaft.

[0029] The invention further relates to a reaction force transmission element for a screwing device, wherein the screwing device has a housing with a housing section running in an axial direction with a housing profile to which the reaction force transmission element can be fastened in a form-fitting manner and wherein the housing section has an at least partially circumferential groove, with a fastening section and with a retaining ring according to the invention.

[0030] In the reaction force transmission element according to the invention, the locking ring can be connected to the reaction force transmission element, so that, for example, the retaining ring is formed by the fastening section of the reaction force transmission element, with which the reaction force transmission element is pushed onto the housing profile. In other words, the locking ring is held in the axial direction and rotatably mounted on the fastening section of the reaction force transmission element.

[0031] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the following figures. They show: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a part of a screwing device according to the invention with a locking ring according to the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic sectional view of a part of a screwing device according to the invention with a locking ring according to the invention and Fig. 3a and b are schematic sectional views of two different embodiments of the retaining ring according to the invention.

[0032] In Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 schematically shows a screwing device 100 according to the invention. The screwing device 100 according to the invention comprises a housing 102, a reaction force transmission element designed as a reaction arm 104, and an output shaft 106. The housing 102 has a housing section 108 that extends in the axial direction of the output shaft 106. The housing section 108 has a housing profile that has a varying radius in cross-section. In the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures, the housing profile has the shape of a splined shaft or an involute profile shaft.

[0033] The reaction arm 104 has a fastening section 110, via which the reaction arm 104 can be positively connected to the housing section 108. For this purpose, the fastening section 110 has an inner profile of a through-hole that is inverse to the housing profile of the housing section 108, so that the fastening section 110 of the reaction arm 104 can engage with the housing profile of the housing section 108.

[0034] In order to secure the reaction arm 104 in the state placed on the housing section 108, which Fig. 1, a retaining ring 10 is provided, which is pushed onto the housing section 108 and secures the reaction arm 104 against loosening in the axial direction. For this purpose, the retaining ring 10 engages in an at least partially circumferential groove 112 formed in the housing profile of the housing section 108.

[0035] In the embodiments shown in the figures, in which the housing profile is in the form of an involute profile shaft with a plurality of involute profiles projecting in the radial direction, the groove 112 is only introduced into the projecting involute profiles.

[0036] The retaining ring 10 has a retaining ring 12 and a locking ring 14. A base ring 16 is connected to the locking ring 14. The retaining ring 12 has a retaining ring hole 12a, the inner profile of which is adapted to the housing profile of the housing section 108. Similarly, the locking ring 14 has a locking ring hole 14a, the inner profile of which is also adapted to the housing profile of the housing section 108. Furthermore, the locking ring 14 has a thickness that is adapted to the width of the groove 112 in the axial direction. The thickness of the locking ring 14 is the extension of the locking ring 14 in the axial direction. The retaining ring 12, the locking ring 14, and the base ring 16 are arranged coaxially to one another. For fixation in the axial direction, the locking ring 14 and the base ring 16 are fastened to one another by means of a screw connection. The retaining ring 12 is arranged between the locking ring 14 and the base ring 16.In a basic position, the retaining ring hole 12a and the locking ring hole 14a overlap, and the retaining ring 10 can be pushed onto the housing profile of the housing section 108, with the inner profiles of the retaining ring hole 12a and the locking ring hole 14a engaging in the housing profile. The locking ring 14, together with the base ring 16, can be rotated relative to the retaining ring 12. If the locking ring 14 is in the area of ​​the groove 112 when the retaining ring 10 is pushed onto the housing section 108, the locking ring 14 can be rotated with the base ring 16 relative to the retaining ring 12, with the locking ring 14 then engaging in the groove 112 with a locking section. Viewed axially, the locking section of the locking ring 14 covers parts of the housing profile of the housing section 108, so that the retaining ring 10 is secured in the axial direction by means of the locking ring 14.

[0037] Due to the design of the housing profile of the housing section 108 in the shape of an involute profile wave, the inner profile of the locking ring 14, which is designed inversely to the housing profile, has inwardly projecting projections 14b that, when the locking ring 14 is pushed onto the housing section 108, engage in the longitudinal grooves 108a formed between the protruding involute profiles. These projections 14b each form a locking section that engages in the groove 112 in the wedges when the locking ring 14 is in the locked position.

[0038] The base ring 16 has a base ring hole 16a, which penetrates the output shaft 106 when the retaining ring 10 is pushed onto the housing section 108. As can be seen from Fig. 3a, the base ring 16 further comprises a stop projection 18 that projects into the base ring hole 16a. By means of the stop projection 18, the base ring 16 can abut against a stop surface 108b of the housing section 108. The stop projection 18 has a distance A in the axial direction from the locking ring 14 that corresponds to the distance B in the axial direction between the stop surface 108b and the groove 112. In this way, when the retaining ring 10 is placed on the housing section 108, the locking ring 14 can be easily arranged in position with respect to the groove 112, so that a rotation of the locking ring 14 from the basic position into the locking position is easily possible.

[0039] The embodiment of the locking ring 10 according to the invention with stop projection 18 is shown in Fig. 3a in section. In principle, a design without a stop projection is also possible, which is shown in Fig. 3b is shown.

[0040] In the locking position, the retaining ring 12 and the locking ring 14 can be locked relative to each other. For this purpose, a locking element 20, for example a locking button, is arranged on the base ring 16, which engages in a recess 22 in the retaining ring 12. Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3a, the locking element 20 is spring-loaded toward the retaining ring 12 and engages into the recess 22 in the retaining ring 12 by means of a ball 20a. As soon as the locking ring 14 is in the locking position, the ball 20a and the recess 22 are aligned, so that the locking element 20 presses the ball 20a into the recess 22. Furthermore, locking in the home position is also possible, in which case a further recess is provided in the retaining ring 12, into which the ball 20a is pressed when locking in the home position.

[0041] In this embodiment, the locking of the retaining ring 12 and the locking ring 14 can be released by applying a corresponding force when rotating the retaining ring 12 and the locking ring 14, whereby the ball 20a slides out of the recess 22 against the spring load.

[0042] In Fig. Figure 3b shows an alternative embodiment of the locking element 20. In this embodiment, the locking element 20 is spring-loaded toward the base ring 16 and connected to a locking pin 20b. The locking element 20 thus pulls the locking pin 20b into the recess 22. The recess 22 is designed in this embodiment as an elongated hole with an extension. A second recess 24 is provided in the locking ring 14, into which a head 20c of the locking pin 20b can be pressed by the locking element 20, so that a narrow section of the locking pin 20b is located in the recess 22. This allows the locking ring 14 to be rotated relative to the retaining ring 12.In the locked position, the recess 22 has an extension into which the head 20c of the locking pin 20b can engage, wherein the locking element 20, due to its spring load, draws the locking pin 20b with the head 20c into the recess 22. In this embodiment, locking in the home position is also possible, wherein the elongated hole then has a second extension into which the head 20c of the locking pin 20b can engage in the home position.

[0043] In this embodiment, the locking of the retaining ring 12 and the locking ring 14 can be released by pressing the locking element 20 to rotate the retaining ring 12 and the locking ring 14.

[0044] As in Fig.1, embedded magnets 24 can be arranged on the base ring 16, by means of which the retaining ring 10 can be adhered, for example, to the reaction arm 104 in the removed state in order to store it until the next use.

[0045] The locking ring 10 according to the invention enables easy handling of the reaction arm 104, since the locking ring 10 allows the reaction arm 104 to be secured to a housing 102 of a screwing device 100 in a simple manner and without tools. The locking ring 10 can also be removed in a simple manner, thus saving work steps compared to conventional securing methods. List of reference symbols 10 Retaining ring 12 retaining ring 12a Retaining ring hole 14 Locking ring 14a locking ring hole, 14b projections 16 Base ring 16a Base ring hole 18 Stop projection 20 locking element 20a ball 20b locking pin 20c head 22 recess 24 second recess 100 screwdrivers 102 housings 104 Reaction arm 106 Output shaft 108 Housing section 108a Longitudinal grooves 108b Stop surface 110 fastening section 112 groove A distance B Distance M central axis

Claims

[1] Retaining ring (10) for securing a reaction force transmission element to a housing (102) of a screwing device (100), wherein the screwing device (100) has a housing section (108) extending in an axial direction with a housing profile to which the reaction force transmission element can be fastened in a form-fitting manner and wherein the housing section (108) has an at least partially circumferential groove (112), with a retaining ring (12) and with a locking ring (14), wherein the retaining ring (12) has a retaining ring hole (12a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108), wherein the locking ring (14) has a locking ring hole (14a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108) and a thickness adapted to the groove (112), wherein the retaining ring (12) and the locking ring (14) are arranged coaxially to each other and are held in the axial direction to each other, wherein in a basic position the retaining ring hole (12a) and the locking ring hole (14a) at least partially overlap, wherein the locking ring (14) is arranged rotatably relative to the retaining ring (12) about a central axis (M) common to the retaining ring (12) and, when arranged on the housing section (108), the locking ring (14) is rotatable from the basic position relative to the retaining ring (12) into a locking position in which the locking ring (14) engages with at least a locking section in the groove (112). [2] Retaining ring according to claim 1, characterized by that the locking ring hole (14a) of the locking ring (14) and the retaining ring hole (12a) of the retaining ring (12) are congruent. [3] Retaining ring according to claim 2, characterized by that the inner profile of the locking ring hole (14a) of the locking ring (14) and the inner profile of the retaining ring hole (12a) of the retaining ring (12) have a shape inverse to the housing profile. [4] Retaining ring according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the locking ring (14) can be fixed, preferably locked, in the locking position and / or in the basic position relative to the retaining ring (12). [5] Retaining ring according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a base ring (16) with a base ring hole (16a), wherein the locking ring (14) is coaxially attached to the base ring (16) and is rotatable relative to the retaining ring (12) by means of the base ring (16). [6] Retaining ring according to claim 5, characterized by in that the base ring (16) has a stop projection (18), wherein the stop projection (18) has a distance A in the axial direction from the locking ring, which distance is adapted to a distance B in the axial direction of a stop surface (108b) of the housing section (108) from the groove (112) on the housing section (108). [7] Retaining ring according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that, in order to lock the locking ring (14) in the locking position, a locking element (20) arranged on the base ring (16) engages in a recess (22) in the retaining ring (12). [8] Retaining ring according to claim 7, characterized by that the locking element (20) is spring-loaded in the direction of the retaining ring (12) and engages in the recess (22) in the retaining ring (12) by means of a ball (20a) or a conical body. [9] Retaining ring according to claim 7, characterized by that the locking element (20) is spring-loaded in the direction of the base ring (16) and is connected to a locking pin (20b) which is pulled into the recess (22) by the locking element (20). [10] Retaining ring according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base ring (16), the locking ring (14) and / or the retaining ring (12) has embedded magnets (24). [11] Screwing device (100) with a housing (102), with a reaction force transmission element, with a housing section (108) extending in an axial direction and having a housing profile, wherein the reaction force transmission element is positively connected to the housing section, and with a locking ring (10) for securing the reaction force transmission element to the housing (102), wherein the housing section (108) has an at least partially circumferential groove (112) into which the locking ring (10) engages, characterized by , that the retaining ring (10) has a retaining ring (12) and a locking ring (14), wherein the retaining ring (12) has a retaining ring hole (12a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108), wherein the locking ring (14) has a locking ring hole (14a) with an inner profile adapted to the housing profile of the housing section (108) and a thickness adapted to the groove (112), wherein the retaining ring (12) and the locking ring (14) are arranged coaxially to each other and are held in the axial direction to each other, wherein in a basic position the retaining ring hole and the locking ring hole at least partially overlap, wherein the locking ring (14) is arranged rotatably relative to the retaining ring (12) about a central axis common to the retaining ring (12) and, when arranged on the housing section (108), the locking ring (14) is rotatable from the basic position relative to the retaining ring (12) into a locking position in which the locking ring (14) engages with at least a locking section in the groove (112). [12] Screwing device according to claim 11, characterized bythat the locking ring hole (14a) of the locking ring (14) and the retaining ring hole (12a) of the retaining ring (12) are congruent in the basic position. [13] Screwing device according to claim 12, characterized by that in the basic position the inner profile of the locking ring hole (14a) of the locking ring (14) and the inner profile of the retaining ring hole (12a) of the retaining ring (12) have a shape inverse to the housing profile. [14] Screwing device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized by that the locking ring (14) can be fixed, preferably locked, in the locking position and / or in the basic position relative to the retaining ring (12). [15] Screwing device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized by a base ring (16) with a base ring hole (16a), wherein the locking ring (14) is coaxially attached to the base ring (16) and is rotatable relative to the retaining ring (12) by means of the base ring (16). [16] Screwing device according to claim 15, characterized byin that the base ring has a stop projection (18), wherein the stop projection (18) has a distance A in the axial direction from the locking ring (14), which distance is adapted to a distance B in the axial direction of a stop surface (108b) of the housing section (108) from the groove (112) on the housing section (108). [17] Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by in that, in order to lock the locking ring (14) in the locking position, a locking element (20) arranged on the base ring (16) engages in a recess (22) in the retaining ring (12). [18] Screwing device according to claim 17, characterized by that the locking element (20) is spring-loaded in the direction of the retaining ring (12) and engages in the recess (22) in the retaining ring (12) by means of a ball (20a) or a conical body. [19] Screwing device according to claim 17, characterized bythat the locking element (20) is spring-loaded in the direction of the base ring (16) and is connected to a locking pin (20b) which is pulled into the recess (22) by the locking button (20). [20] Screwing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the base ring (16), locking ring (14) and / or the retaining ring (12) has embedded magnets (24). [21] Reaction force transmission element for a screwing device (100), wherein the screwing device (100) has a housing (102) with a housing section (108) extending in an axial direction and having a housing profile to which the reaction force transmission element can be positively fastened, and wherein the housing section (108) has an at least partially circumferential groove (112), with a fastening section (110) and with a retaining ring (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10. [22] Reaction force transmission element according to claim 21 characterized bythat the fastening section (110) forms the retaining ring (12).

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