Device and method for supplying energy from a high-voltage electrical network of a vehicle, the device comprising a vehicle

Abstract

Method and device (102) for supplying energy from a high-voltage electrical system (101) of a vehicle (100), wherein the device (102) has a first connection (103) configured to supply the energy, the first connection (103) comprising a first contact (106) connected to a conductor (109) for supplying the energy, a second contact (107) connected to a neutral conductor (110), and a third contact (108) connected to a protective conductor (111), wherein the device (102) comprises a switch (121) that can be switched from a first state in which the neutral conductor (110) and the protective conductor (111) are electrically isolated from each other in the switch (121) to a second state in which the switch (121) electrically connects the neutral conductor (110) and the protective conductor (111) to each other, and wherein the device (102) is configuredto operate the switch (121) to provide energy in the first state, to detect operation without a connection to a charging network and to switch the switch (121) to the second state in operation without a connection to the charging network, or to detect operation with a connection to a charging network and to switch the switch (121) to the first state in operation with a connection to the charging network.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device and a method for providing energy from a high-voltage electrical network of a vehicle and to a vehicle comprising the device.

[0002] DE 10 2021 204 968 A1 discloses a charger.

[0003] The device for providing energy from a high-voltage electrical network of a vehicle provides that the device has a first connection which is designed to provide the energy, wherein the first connection comprises a first contact which is connected to a conductor for providing the energy, and a second contact which is connected to a neutral conductor, and a third contact which is connected to a protective conductor, wherein the device comprises a switch which is switchable from a first state in which the neutral conductor and the protective conductor are electrically insulated from one another in the switch, to a second state in which the switch electrically connects the neutral conductor and the protective conductor to one another, and wherein the device is designed to operate the switch for providing the energy in the first state,to detect operation without a connection to a charging network and to switch the switch to the second state when operating without a connection to the charging network, or to detect operation with a connection to a charging network and to switch the switch to the first state when operating with a connection to the charging network. Operation without a connection to a charging network is operation without a connection to a charging network. When operating without a connection to the charging network, the switch creates a PEN bridge, i.e. a bridge between the neutral conductor and the protective conductor, to create a grounded neutral conductor in regenerative mode. This device does not require the otherwise required insulation monitoring device (IMD). This switchable PEN bridge increases safety to such an extent that shutdown can be carried out in the event of a fault at the first connection. This shutdown occurs more quickly than with the IMD.

[0004] The device has, for example, a second connection that can be connected to the charging network for the vehicle, wherein the second connection comprises a first contact for a first outer conductor, a second contact for a second outer conductor, and a third contact for a third outer conductor. The device has a charging device configured to transfer energy to the high-voltage system via the second connection. This means that the device comprises the device as an on-board charger (OBC).

[0005] In one embodiment of the device, the second terminal comprises a third contact that is connected to the neutral conductor. In one embodiment, a first isolating switch is arranged between the second terminal and the device, which is designed to electrically connect the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact of the second terminal to the device for charging, and to electrically disconnect the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact of the second terminal from the device during operation without a connection to the charging network. As a result, the second terminal can be deactivated during operation without a connection to the charging network.

[0006] In one embodiment, the device is designed to provide the energy for the load via the first contact of the first connection, wherein a second isolating switch is arranged between the device and the first connection, which is designed to electrically connect the first contact of the first connection to the device and the second contact of the first connection to the neutral conductor in order to provide the energy for the load, wherein the second isolating switch is designed to electrically disconnect the first contact of the first connection from the device and the second contact of the first connection from the neutral conductor during operation without a connection to the charging network. As a result, the first connection can be deactivated during operation without a connection to the charging network in order to switch off the load, i.e. a consumer, during operation without a connection to the charging network.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first connection or the second connection are designed to be integrated into the vehicle.

[0008] A vehicle having the device has the advantages of the device.

[0009] A method for providing energy from a high-voltage electrical system of a vehicle using the device provides that the switch for providing the energy is operated in the first state, wherein operation without a connection to the charging network is detected and the switch is switched to the second state during operation without a connection to the charging network, or wherein operation with a connection to a charging network is detected and the switch is switched to the first state during operation with a connection to the charging network. As a result, the PEN bridge is established during operation without a connection to the charging network and is disconnected during operation with a connection to the charging network.

[0010] In one embodiment, the method provides that the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact of the second charging connection are electrically connected to the device, and that the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact of the second connection are electrically disconnected from the charging device during operation without a connection to the charging network. This deactivates the second connection during operation without a connection to the charging network.

[0011] In one embodiment, the method provides that, to provide power to the load, the first contact of the first terminal is electrically connected to the device and the second contact of the first terminal is electrically connected to the neutral conductor. During operation without connection to the charging network, the first contact of the first terminal is electrically disconnected from the device and the second contact of the first terminal is electrically disconnected from the neutral conductor. This deactivates the first terminal during operation without connection to the charging network.

[0012] Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the following description and the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a vehicle with a high-voltage electrical network, Fig. 2 steps in a process for providing energy from the high-voltage grid.

[0013] In Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 includes a high-voltage system 101. The vehicle 100 includes a device 102 for providing energy from the high-voltage system 101.

[0014] The device 102 comprises a first connection 103 for connecting a load to which the energy is supplied from the high-voltage system 101. The first connection 103 is, for example, a vehicle-to-load (V2L) connection. The device 102 comprises a second connection 104 for connecting to a charging network. The second connection 104 is, for example, a vehicle-to-X (V2X) connection.

[0015] The device 102 comprises a charging device 105. The charging device 105 is configured to transfer energy from the charging network to the high-voltage system 101. In the example, the device 105 is configured to convert alternating current from the charging network into direct current for supplying a battery system, in particular a high-voltage battery system, in the vehicle 100.

[0016] The first terminal 103 includes a first contact 106, a second contact 107, and a third contact 108. The first contact 106 of the first terminal 103 is connected to a conductor 109 for supplying the power. The second contact 107 of the first terminal 103 is connected to a neutral conductor 110. The third contact 108 of the first terminal 103 is connected to a protective conductor 111 or a potential equalization conductor.

[0017] The second terminal 104 comprises a first contact 112, a second contact 113, a third contact 114, a fourth contact 115, and a fifth contact 116. The first contact 112 of the second terminal 104 is connected to a first outer conductor 117. The second contact 113 of the second terminal 104 is connected to a second outer conductor 118. The third contact 114 of the second terminal 104 is connected to a third outer conductor 119. The fourth contact 115 of the second terminal 104 is connected to the neutral conductor 120. The fifth contact 116 of the second terminal 104 is connected to the protective conductor 111.

[0018] In the example, the charging device 105 is designed to transfer energy from the high-voltage system 101 to the first contact 106 of the first terminal 103 for providing the energy.

[0019] The device 102 comprises a switch 121. The switch 121 is arranged between the neutral conductor 110 and the protective conductor 111. The switch 121 has a first state in which the neutral conductor 110 and the protective conductor 111 are electrically isolated from one another in the switch 121. The switch 121 has a second state in which the switch 121 electrically connects the neutral conductor 110 and the protective conductor 111 to one another.

[0020] The switch 121 can be switched from the first state to the second state.

[0021] The device 102 is configured to operate the switch 121 in the first state when not connected to the charging network. This means that if no charging network is connected to a PEN bridge, the switch 121 is closed so that a fault current can be detected.

[0022] The device 102 is designed to detect operation without connection to a charging network.

[0023] The device 102 is designed to switch the switch 121 into the second state during operation without connection to the charging network.

[0024] It can be provided that the device 102 has a first isolating switch 122. The first isolating switch 122 is arranged, for example, between the second connection 104 and the device 105. The first isolating switch 122 is designed to electrically connect the first contact 112, the second contact 113, the third contact 114, and the fourth contact 115 of the second connection 104 to the device 105 for charging, and to electrically disconnect the first contact 112, the second contact 113, the third contact 114, and the fourth contact 115 of the second connection 104 from the device 105 during operation without a connection to the charging network.

[0025] It can be provided that the device 102 has a second isolating switch 123. The second isolating switch 123 is arranged, for example, between the first connection 103 and the device 105. In the example, the second isolating switch 123 is designed to electrically connect the first contact 106 of the first connection 103 to the device 105 and the second contact 107 of the first connection 103 to the neutral conductor 110 during operation to provide energy for the load. The second isolating switch 123 is designed to electrically disconnect the first contact 106 of the first connection 103 from the device 105 and the second contact 107 of the first connection 103 from the switch 121 during operation without providing energy.

[0026] In the example, the device 102 comprises a residual current differential sensor 124.

[0027] The residual current differential sensor 124 is designed to measure residual currents that only occur during operation without a connection to the charging network. In the example, the residual current differential sensor 124 is arranged such that the residual current differential sensor 124 detects a residual current when no charging network is connected to a PEN bridge and the switch 121 is closed. In the example, the residual current differential sensor 124 is designed to monitor the first outer conductor 117, the second outer conductor 118, the third outer conductor 119, the neutral conductors 110, 120, and the conductor 109 in a monitoring system. The integration of the conductor 109 and the neutral conductor 110 into the monitoring system enables the detection of a residual current during regenerative power generation.

[0028] The differential current sensor 124 is designed to detect DC and AC fault currents. This makes it possible to use a non-galvanically isolated architecture in the device 105 for charging and providing energy.

[0029] In the example, the device 102 is designed to detect operation without a connection to the charging network and to control the first isolating switch 122, the second isolating switch 123 and the switch 121 during operation without a connection to a charging network. This means that the device 102 is designed to switch the switch 121 into the second state during operation without a connection to the charging network. It can be provided that the device 102 is designed to control the first isolating switch 122 to disconnect the second connection 104 when operation without a connection to the charging network of the second connection 104 is detected. It can be provided that the device 102 is designed to control the second isolating switch 123 to disconnect the first connection 103 when operation to provide energy via the first connection 103 is detected.

[0030] In the example, device 105 comprises a first inductance 125, which is connected to the first conductor 109 by one of its two contacts. The first inductance 125 is connected to a potential between a first semiconductor switch 126 and a second semiconductor switch 127 by the other of its two contacts. The first semiconductor switch 126 is configured to connect the first inductance 125 to a positive conductor 128 of the high-voltage system 101. The second semiconductor switch 127 is configured to connect the first inductance 125 to a negative conductor 129 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0031] In the example, device 105 comprises a second inductance 130, which is connected by one of its two contacts to the first outer conductor 117. In the example, device 105 comprises a third inductance 131, which is connected by one of its two contacts to the second outer conductor 118. In the example, device 105 comprises a fourth inductance 132, which is connected by one of its two contacts to the third outer conductor 119. In the example, device 105 comprises a fifth inductance 133, which is connected by one of its two contacts to the neutral conductor 120.

[0032] With the other of its two contacts, the second inductor 130 is connected to a potential between a third semiconductor switch 134 and a fourth semiconductor switch 135. The third semiconductor switch 134 is configured to connect the second inductor 130 to the positive conductor 128 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0033] The fourth semiconductor switch 135 is configured to connect the second inductance 130 to the negative conductor 129 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0034] With the other of its two contacts, the third inductor 131 is connected to a potential between a fifth semiconductor switch 136 and a sixth semiconductor switch 137. The fifth semiconductor switch 136 is configured to connect the third inductor 131 to the positive conductor 128 of the high-voltage system 101. The sixth semiconductor switch 137 is configured to connect the third inductor 131 to the negative conductor 129 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0035] With the other of its two contacts, the fourth inductor 132 is connected to a potential between a seventh semiconductor switch 138 and an eighth semiconductor switch 139. The seventh semiconductor switch 138 is configured to connect the fourth inductor 132 to the positive conductor 128 of the high-voltage system 101. The eighth semiconductor switch 139 is configured to connect the fourth inductor 132 to the negative conductor 129 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0036] With the other of its two contacts, the fifth inductor 133 is connected to a potential between a ninth semiconductor switch 140 and a tenth semiconductor switch 141. The ninth semiconductor switch 140 is configured to connect the fifth inductor 133 to the positive conductor 128 of the high-voltage system 101. The tenth semiconductor switch 141 is configured to connect the fifth inductor 133 to the negative conductor 129 of the high-voltage system 101.

[0037] In the example, the device 105 is designed to control the semiconductor switches for transmitting the energy from the second terminal 104 into the high-voltage system 101 or for providing the energy at the first terminal 103.

[0038] In the example, the device 105 is designed, on the one hand, to control the semiconductor switches for converting alternating current from the charging network into direct current for supplying the battery system.

[0039] In the example, the device 105 is, on the other hand, designed to control the semiconductor switches for feeding energy back from the high-voltage system 101 to the load.

[0040] The first connection 103 or the second connection 104 can be bidirectional, i.e., designed to provide energy from the high-voltage system 101 and to transfer energy to the high-voltage system. The device 105 can be designed to control the semiconductor switches for bidirectional charging.

[0041] In Fig. Figure 2 shows steps in a method for providing energy.

[0042] The method provides in a step 201 that the switch 121 is operated in the first state when connected to the charging network.

[0043] It can be provided that in step 201 the first contact 112, the second contact 113, the third contact 114 and the fourth contact 115 of the second terminal 104 are electrically conductively connected to the device 105, in particular to the first isolating switch 122, for charging.

[0044] It can be provided that in step 201, in order to provide the energy for the load, the first contact 106 of the first terminal 103 is electrically connected to the device 105 and the second contact 107 of the first terminal 103 is electrically connected to the switch 121, in particular to the second isolating switch 123.

[0045] Subsequently, a step 202 is executed.

[0046] In step 202, either operation without connection to the charging network or operation with connection to the charging network is detected.

[0047] If operation without a connection to the charging network is detected, step 203 is executed. Otherwise, step 201 is executed.

[0048] In step 203, the switch 121 is switched to the second state during operation without connection to the charging network.

[0049] It can be provided that in step 203 the first contact 112, the second contact 113, the third contact 114 and the fourth contact 115 of the second terminal 104 are electrically separated from the device 105 for charging, in particular with the first isolating switch 122.

[0050] It can be provided that in step 203 the first contact 106 of the first terminal 103 of the device 105 and the second contact 107 of the first terminal 103 of the switch 121 are electrically connected, in particular to the second isolating switch 123.

[0051] The method for operation without connection to the charging network can provide that operation with connection to a charging network is detected and the switch 121 is switched to the first state during operation with connection to the charging network.

[0052] As a result, the PEN bridge in the vehicle 100 is open during operation with a connection to the charging network and closed during isolated operation, i.e., operation without a connection to the charging network. This avoids complications that can arise if a PEN bridge is provided on the vehicle side and a PEN bridge is already provided on the charging network side during operation with a connection to the charging network. On the other hand, the power is provided more reliably via the first connection 103 by providing the PEN bridge on the vehicle side during operation without a connection to the charging network. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2021 204 968 A1

[0002]

Claims

[1] Device (102) for providing energy from a high-voltage electrical system (101) of a vehicle (100), characterized bythat the device (102) has a first terminal (103) which is designed to provide the energy, wherein the first terminal (103) comprises a first contact (106) which is connected to a conductor (109) for providing the energy, and a second contact (107) which is connected to a neutral conductor (110), and a third contact (108) which is connected to a protective conductor (111), wherein the device (102) comprises a switch (121) which is switchable from a first state in which the neutral conductor (110) and the protective conductor (111) in the switch (121) are electrically insulated from one another, to a second state in which the switch (121) electrically connects the neutral conductor (110) and the protective conductor (111) to one another, and wherein the device (102) is designed to operate the switch (121) for providing the energy in the first state,to detect operation without connection to a charging network and to switch the switch (121) to the second state during operation without connection to the charging network or to detect operation with connection to a charging network and to switch the switch (121) to the first state during operation with connection to the charging network. [2] Device (102) according to claim 1, characterized by in that the device (102) has a second connection (104) which can be connected to the charging network for the vehicle (100), wherein the second connection (104) comprises a first contact (112) for a first outer conductor (117), a second contact (113) for a second outer conductor (118) and a third contact (114) for a third outer conductor (119), wherein the device (102) has a device (105) for charging which is designed to transfer energy via the second connection (104) into the high-voltage system (101). [3] Device (102) according to claim 2, characterized bythat the second terminal (104) comprises a third contact (115) connected to the neutral conductor (120). [4] Device (102) according to claim 3, characterized by that a first isolating switch (122) is arranged between the second connection (104) and the device (105), which is designed to electrically connect the first contact (112), the second contact (113), the third contact (114) and the fourth contact (115) of the second connection (104) to the device (105) for charging and to electrically separate the first contact (112), the second contact (113), the third contact (114) and the fourth contact (115) of the second connection (104) from the device (105) during operation without connection to the charging network. [5] Device (102) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized byin that the device (105) is designed to provide the energy for the load via the first contact (106) of the first terminal (103), wherein a second isolating switch (123) is arranged between the device (105) and the first terminal (103), which is designed to electrically connect the first contact (106) of the first terminal (103) to the device (105) and the second contact (107) of the first terminal (103) to the neutral conductor (110) in order to provide the energy for the load, wherein the second isolating switch (123) is designed to electrically disconnect the first contact (106) of the first terminal (103) from the device (105) and the second contact (107) of the first terminal (103) from the neutral conductor (110) during operation without a connection to the charging network. [6] Device (102) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the first connection (103) or the second connection (104) is designed to be integrable into the vehicle (100). [7] Vehicle (100), characterized by that the vehicle comprises the device (102) according to one of claims 1 to 6. [8] Method for providing energy from an electrical high-voltage system (101) of a vehicle (100) with a device (102) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that the switch (121) is operated (201) to provide the energy in the first state, wherein operation without connection to the charging network is detected (202) and the switch (121) is switched to the second state (203) during operation without connection to the charging network. [9] Method according to claim 8, characterized by, the first contact (112), the second contact (113), the third contact (114) and the fourth contact (115) of the second connection (104) are electrically connected (201) to the device (105) for charging, and the first contact (112), the second contact (113), the third contact (114) and the fourth contact (115) of the second connection (104) are electrically separated (203) from the device (105) for charging during operation without connection to the charging network. [10] Method according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized byin that, in order to provide the energy for the load, the first contact (106) of the first terminal (103) is electrically connected (201) to the device (105) and the second contact (107) of the first terminal (103) is electrically connected to the switch (121), wherein, during operation without connection to the charging network, the first contact (106) of the first terminal (103) is electrically separated (203) from the device (105) and the second contact (107) of the first terminal (103) is electrically separated from the neutral conductor (110).

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