outsole for a shoe

Abstract

Outsole (10) for a shoe, wherein the outsole (10) comprises: a cushioning element (20) arranged in a forefoot area (11) of the outsole (10), wherein the cushioning element (20) comprises a grid structure (21), wherein the cushioning element (20) comprises a first section (22) and a second section (23), wherein the first section (22) has a lower stiffness compared to the second section (23), and a sole element (30) comprising a receiving section (31) by which the cushioning element (20) is received, wherein the receiving section (31) is a recess adapted to the shape of the cushioning element (20).

Description

1. Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an outsole for a shoe and a shoe comprising the outsole. 2. State of the art

[0002] When designing outsoles for shoes and / or footwear, a compromise is often made between various properties that the outsole and / or the shoe should possess. For example, a shoe, such as a football boot, with a stiff outsole can provide excellent running characteristics at high speed, while the stiff outsole can lead to reduced comfort. Therefore, a fundamental goal is to improve the overall properties of the outsole and / or the respective shoe. The present invention aims to solve various problems in this regard.

[0003] A primary problem addressed by the present invention is that outsoles for shoes, e.g., football boots, optimized for fast running, i.e., sprinting, by means of a stiff material behavior, regularly exhibit significant disadvantages for the wearer. For example, stiff outsoles can reduce the wearer's comfort. Furthermore, stiff outsoles can reduce the feel for the ball because the overall flexibility of the shoe is reduced. In addition, outsoles exhibiting linear and / or homogeneous stiffness can inhibit the wearer's ability to accelerate effectively due to limited midfoot and / or toe flexion. This is disadvantageous, for example, at the start of a sprint, where greater toe flexion is considered advantageous. Therefore, in summary, a primary objective of the present invention is to provide an outsole that facilitates fast running, i.e.,Sprinting enables this and at least partially avoids the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0004] A second problem addressed by the present invention is the fact that many sports require multiple sprints. This makes initiating sprints on flat surfaces, which may sometimes be covered with grass and / or dirt, difficult, even with studs. This is because there is no external object to push off from, as in track and field sprints, where starting blocks are regularly provided. Therefore, a second objective of the present invention is to provide an outsole for a shoe that enables improved initiation of sprints and / or improved push-off in general.

[0005] A third problem addressed by the present invention is the fact that shoes often have relatively flat and / or stiff outsoles, which make it difficult, or at least not easy, for the foot to roll during walking, moderate running, and / or acceleration. However, it is also known that curved outsoles can lead to instability and / or limited ground contact. This is generally unacceptable for sports such as football, rugby, etc. Therefore, a third objective of the present invention is to provide an outsole that enables improved walking and / or moderate running while at least partially avoiding instability and / or limited ground contact.

[0006] A fourth problem addressed by the present invention is that outsoles for shoes that include cushioning typically do not allow for adjustments to the properties provided by the cushioning (e.g., damping and / or padding) without modifying the outsole itself. Consequently, adapting outsoles, for example by changing the material and / or geometry, is regularly quite costly. Therefore, a fourth objective of the present invention is to overcome this disadvantage, at least partially.

[0007] Therefore, in summary, an overall objective of the present invention is to provide an outsole for a shoe and a shoe comprising the outsole that at least partially address and / or pursue the above problems and / or objectives.

[0008] US 6,601,321 B1 relates to a sole construction for use in footwear. The sole construction consists of a hammock-like grid formed from medium- to high-modulus polymers or a lightweight metal alloy. The grid substantially conforms its topography to the foot or a weight-bearing part thereof. The grid may be arranged on and supported by an elastic frame or attached directly to the upper of the shoe.

[0009] The grid supports the foot and allows it to hover slightly above the inner base of the shoe, even while walking. The suspended parts of the foot are thus protected from impact with a surface and are gently supported while bearing a load.

[0010] US 2021 / 0037908 A1 concerns three-dimensionally printed articles for use in footwear and related systems and processes. In some embodiments, a three-dimensionally printed article may include a closed-cell foam. The closed-cell foam may have a gradient and / or be composed of a single, integrated material.

[0011] CN 2 13 154 354 U relates to a shoe midsole for footwear products, wherein the shoe midsole is composed of a multitude of 3D-printed lattice structures. The material thickness of the lattice structure is less in a first area of ​​foot pressure than the material thickness of the lattice structure outside the first area of ​​foot pressure.

[0012] US 2007 / 0017122A1 relates to a shoe sole comprising a sole base with a forefoot area, a midfoot area, and a heel area. A lower heel cushion is located in the heel area. An upper heel cushion is located above the lower heel cushion. A shank with reinforcing ribs is located in the midfoot area. A forefoot stabilizer is located in the forefoot area. 3. Summary of the invention

[0013] This overall objective is achieved at least partially by an outsole for a shoe and a shoe comprising the outsole, as defined in the independent claims. Further aspects of the present disclosure are defined in the dependent claims.

[0014] In particular, the overall objective is achieved by an outsole for a shoe. The outsole comprises a cushioning element located in a forefoot area of ​​the outsole, wherein the cushioning element comprises a grid structure, and wherein the cushioning element comprises a first section and a second section, the first section having a lower stiffness compared to the second section. Furthermore, the outsole comprises a sole element that includes a receiving section into which the cushioning element is received.

[0015] Stiffness can refer to material stiffness (i.e., the modulus of elasticity), structural stiffness, and / or a combination thereof. For example, the first and second sections may be made of the same material, i.e., have the same modulus of elasticity, while the difference in stiffness is provided by the configuration of the lattice structure. Alternatively, the shape of the first and second sections may be identical, with the difference in stiffness provided by the material selected for each. It is understood that a combination of these two examples is possible.

[0016] Furthermore, the stiffness of the first and second sections can be measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use. Therefore, this stiffness can be referred to as compressive stiffness. To measure the stiffness, i.e., the compressive stiffness, of the first and second sections, a predefined force, e.g., 100 N, can be applied to the first section and the second section respectively in a vertical direction, where the term "vertical direction" in this context refers to a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use.Then, a first height change in the first section, caused by the predefined force, can be identified, as well as a second height change in the second section, also caused by the predefined force. Subsequently, the first and second height changes can be compared. If the second height change is less than the first, the first section exhibits lower stiffness, i.e., compressive stiffness, compared to the second section. It is understood that the first and / or second height change can be defined as the height difference measured in the vertical direction between the unloaded and loaded states.

[0017] The cushioning element can be attached to the sole element, for example, by gluing, welding, and / or sewing. The cushioning element can exhibit primarily elastic material behavior. This allows for improved energy return to the wearer. However, the cushioning element can also be viscoelastic, meaning it exhibits both viscous and elastic behavior. This allows the cushioning element to be adapted to load patterns typical of specific sports. For example, a soft cushioning element might be desirable for walking, i.e., at low load speeds, while a firm cushioning element might be desired when sprinting, i.e., at high load speeds. In this context, it is understood that the cushioning element can also be made of a material with strain-rate-dependent material behavior.

[0018] The forefoot area of ​​the outsole can be described as the section of the outsole configured to support the wearer's toes and metatarsal bones. It is understood that the cushioning element can only be located in a portion of the forefoot area. Furthermore, the cushioning element can extend beyond the forefoot area, for example, into the toe box and / or heel area.

[0019] Details regarding the lattice structure are explained throughout this disclosure. In general, however, the lattice structure facilitates a specific local adjustment of properties without necessarily altering the material. Furthermore, it facilitates visual inspection, e.g., compared to foam material, so that material failure, caused, for example, by external forces or improper use, can be more easily identified in the cushioning element.

[0020] The aspect where the first section has lower stiffness compared to the second section may refer to the fact that the first section has lower compressive stiffness compared to the second section, measured in the thickness direction of the outsole.

[0021] The aspect where the first section has lower stiffness compared to the second section may also refer to the fact that the first section has lower bending stiffness compared to the second section.

[0022] Regarding the sole element, it should be noted that the outsole can comprise more than one sole element. Furthermore, the sole element can consist of multiple layers. For example, the sole element can comprise multiple layers of carbon fiber and / or glass fiber embedded in a polymer matrix. However, the sole element can also be a single layer. The sole element need not be a closed layer but can also have a lattice-like and / or frame-like structure. This can be particularly advantageous for reducing the weight of the outsole. The sole element can also comprise a polymer such as polyamide 11 (PA 11) and / or polyamide 12 (PA 12). Additionally, the sole element can comprise a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) such as polyetherblock amide (PEBA) and / or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Finally, the sole element can be formed, at least partially, by injection molding.For example, a layer may be shaped, or a lattice-like and / or frame-like support structure may be formed over it. Furthermore, composite materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers, glass fiber reinforced polymers, and / or other reinforced materials, may be incorporated into the sole element. In addition, the sole element may be formed, at least partially, by additive manufacturing processes (e.g., 3D printing) and / or composite processing methods.

[0023] The outsole according to the present disclosure can provide various advantages and / or fulfill various tasks.

[0024] First, the cushioning element can be used to increase the thickness of the outsole, thereby locally increasing its moment of inertia, particularly without excessively increasing the weight. This allows for local adjustment of the flexural stiffness. Furthermore, the first and second sections of the cushioning element allow for local adjustment of the outsole's compressive stiffness. In summary, this makes it possible to adjust the outsole's stiffness in various ways while keeping the weight low.

[0025] Secondly, the padding element can be used to precisely cushion sections of a wearer's foot, thereby increasing comfort. This is achieved particularly through the use of the first and second sections with differing stiffness. This allows the sole element to be made thinner, thus saving weight without compromising comfort.

[0026] Thirdly, the cushioning element can serve as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer, enabling an improved start to sprints, i.e., a better push-off. This is because the cushioning element creates a raised surface, for example, on the ground-facing side of the outsole, which facilitates a more efficient push-off. In particular, the first and second sections, with their varying stiffness, allow for precise adjustment and / or implementation of this "integrated starting block" functionality.

[0027] Fourth, the cushioning element can provide a "rocker effect" for the outsole. Rocker outsole designs are known for medical purposes, such as reducing forefoot plantar pressure in people with diabetes, but also for increasing the comfort of casual shoes. However, the rocker effect can be particularly beneficial for outsoles with enhanced running characteristics, such as those found on soccer cleats. As in the previous paragraph, the cushioning element allows for the formation of a raised area, particularly on the ground-facing surface of the outsole. Therefore, a section of the outsole's running surface can be raised in such a way as to create a rolling effect, i.e., a "rocker effect." This can have a positive effect on performance because the wearer has to exert less force to overcome a pivot point, i.e., to roll the foot while walking, jogging, and / or accelerating.This acceleration can therefore refer in particular to acceleration from a substantially stationary position of the carrier. Just as with acceleration from a stationary position, the "rocking effect" can contribute to the positive effect on performance.

[0028] It is understood that the cushioning element, which serves as an "integrated starting block," can simultaneously provide a "rocking effect" for the outsole. Furthermore, since the cushioning element can serve as the "integrated starting block" and / or provide the "rocking effect," its compression properties can prevent adverse effects, i.e., instability, caused by the increased height of the outsole during high and / or vertical load conditions, such as sprinting.

[0029] Fifthly, the cushioning element allows the properties (e.g., cushioning and / or padding) of the outsole to be adapted to a specific wearer without changing the sole element itself.

[0030] The person skilled in the art understands that the advantages described above may also apply to the following embodiments, with different emphases.

[0031] The first section can be positioned further medially relative to the second section. It has been found that positioning the first section further medially enhances the "integrated starting block" effect without negatively impacting outsole stability. A more medial position allows the metatarsophalangeal joints to be pressed more easily into the cushioning element than other parts of the foot, thus improving push-off, while the lateral sections of the cushioning element provide stabilizing support.

[0032] The first section can be positioned in an area of ​​the outsole configured to support the medial metatarsophalangeal joint. This configuration allows the medial metatarsophalangeal joint to be pressed more easily into the cushioning element than other parts of the foot, which should facilitate a better push-off. This can further enhance the functionality of the outsole as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer. In summary, this allows the outsole to provide a better start to sprints.

[0033] Alternatively, the first section can be positioned further laterally relative to the second section. By placing the first section further laterally, the "integrated starting block" effect can be used to improve push-off during movements in a lateral direction.

[0034] The receiving section is a recess adapted to the shape of the cushioning element, preferably located on a surface of the sole element opposite the outsole's tread. This configuration has proven advantageous because it allows for an outsole with specifically tailored properties using a reduced number of components. Furthermore, since the recess is located on a surface of the sole element opposite the outsole's tread, both the flexural and compressive stiffness of the outsole can be precisely adjusted depending on the selected cushioning element.

[0035] The depth of the recess, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use, can essentially correspond to the thickness of the cushioning element. This can avoid the need to compensate for height differences with additional components.

[0036] The cushioning element can be an insert element attached to the sole element, preferably by means of adhesive, welding, and / or sewing. The term "insert element" refers to the fact that the cushioning element is inserted into the sole element. The cushioning element, being an insert element, allows for the outsole to be produced with tight manufacturing tolerances, especially compared to outsoles where layers are manually stacked. Additionally, the cushioning element, being an insert element, can be held securely within the sole element.

[0037] A support surface opposite the outsole's tread can be jointly defined by the upper surface of the cushioning element and the upper surface of the sole element. This support surface can fully or partially support the wearer's foot, directly or indirectly, for example, if other layers are placed over it. Therefore, this configuration makes it possible to provide a support surface capable of fully supporting the wearer's foot with specifically configured properties using only a sole element and a cushioning element—that is, with just a few components.

[0038] Furthermore, the upper surface of the cushioning element can be essentially flush with the upper surface of the sole element. The functionality enabled by this feature is that it avoids any unevenness that the wearer of the shoe might perceive as uncomfortable, particularly without the need for additional measures to compensate for such an unevenness.

[0039] Furthermore, the outsole can also include a cover plate, with the cushioning element preferably arranged between the sole element and the cover plate. This configuration can be used to connect a shoe upper to the outsole. For example, the shoe upper can be clamped between the sole element and the cover plate. Thus, this outsole configuration can enable the construction of a shoe with few components.

[0040] The cover plate can extend along the entire length of the outsole, only along the forefoot area of ​​the outsole, only along the midfoot area of ​​the outsole, or only along the length of the cushioning element. The midfoot area of ​​the outsole can be defined as the section of the outsole configured to support the wearer's metatarsal bones. It follows that the metatarsophalangeal joints can be considered part of the forefoot, but not part of the midfoot.

[0041] The flexural stiffness of the sole element relative to a bending axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outsole and parallel to a surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use can be lower in the receiving section compared to sections of the sole element adjacent to the receiving section. Furthermore, the flexural stiffness of the sole element can have a minimum in the receiving section. Preferably, this minimum is located in a flexible section of the sole element. The flexible section can be defined as the section of the sole element that experiences maximum flexion during walking. Moreover, the flexible section can extend at least partially along the receiving section. The above configurations allow the flexural stiffness of the outsole in the receiving section to be adjusted primarily and / or precisely by the selected cushioning element.Accordingly, an outsole with precisely set properties can be provided depending on the selected cushioning element.

[0042] The cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving section, measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outsole, can be smaller than that of sections of the sole element adjacent to the receiving section. This allows the properties (compressive stiffness, flexural stiffness, cushioning, damping, etc.) of the outsole in the receiving section to be primarily and / or precisely adjusted by the selected cushioning element. Therefore, an outsole with precisely adjusted properties can be provided depending on the selected cushioning element. In particular, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flexible section, measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outsole, can be smaller than that of sections of the sole element adjacent to the flexible section.

[0043] The cushioning element can be positioned in an area of ​​the outsole configured to support metatarsal fat pads. This configuration can create a raised area, for example, on the ground-facing surface of the outsole, which facilitates a better push-off. Therefore, this raised area can act as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer. Thus, the outsole can enable an improved start to sprints.

[0044] The thickness of the cushioning element, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use, can reach its maximum in the area configured to support metatarsal fat pads and preferably decreases towards the heel and / or toe area. This configuration allows the cushioning element to act as an "integrated launching block" for the wearer while providing the aforementioned "rocking effect." Furthermore, it is possible to improve cushioning and / or increase flexural stiffness if the inventors deem this particularly necessary. Additionally, a consistent profile of the outsole's properties is ensured. For example, abrupt changes in stiffness are avoided. The maximum thickness can also range from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2 mm to 10 mm.These thicknesses have proven advantageous because they sufficiently improve cushioning and / or increase flexural rigidity without adding too much material, i.e., weight, to the outsole. Furthermore, these thicknesses allow the cushioning element to act as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer, facilitating improved sprint initiation, i.e., a better push-off, without causing instability due to excessive ground clearance. Even further, these thicknesses have proven sufficient to provide the aforementioned "rocking effect."

[0045] The first section and the second section can each include a first undeformed height and a second undeformed height (i.e., the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface of the cushioning element) that are equal. Alternatively, the first section can include a first undeformed height and the second section can include a second undeformed height that is smaller than the first undeformed height.

[0046] The aforementioned second height change can range from 10% to 95% of the aforementioned first height change, preferably from 30% to 60%. These ranges have proven advantageous because they allow the padding element to act as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer, enabling improved sprint starts, i.e., a better push-off, without causing instability due to the wearer being excessively raised off the ground.

[0047] According to the present disclosure, the toe area of ​​the outsole can be described as the section of the outsole configured to support the wearer's toes. It is generally understood that the wearer's midfoot may be separated from the toe section at the metatarsophalangeal joints.

[0048] The cushioning element can essentially extend from one lateral side of the outsole to one medial side. This allows the outsole's properties to be adjusted specifically and continuously across its width.

[0049] Alternatively, the cushioning element can extend partially between the lateral and medial sides. Optionally, the cushioning element does not extend into an unpadded section of the sole. The cushioning element can have a lower stiffness than the unpadded section. The cushioning element can be positioned further medially or further laterally than the unpadded section. Thus, this alternative allows the cushioning element, in combination with the unpadded section, to act as an "integrated starting block" for the wearer, enabling an improved start to sprints—that is, a better push-off—without causing instability due to the wearer being excessively raised off the ground.

[0050] The lattice structure can comprise multiple bar elements. The bar elements can be connected at their respective nodes. However, alternative configurations are also conceivable. For example, the bar elements can extend between two opposing surfaces and be supported by these surfaces.

[0051] The rod elements of the first section can have a smaller average diameter than the rod elements of the second section. This allows for a specific adjustment of the stiffness of the cushioning element without changing the material and / or the arrangement of the rod elements. This can, among other things, facilitate recycling, improve manufacturing, enable continuously changing properties, and / or avoid a complex arrangement of the rod elements.

[0052] Furthermore, the rod elements of the first section can be arranged less densely than the rod elements of the second section. In this way, a specific stiffness adjustment of the cushioning element can be achieved without changing the material and / or diameter of the rod elements. This can also facilitate recycling, improve manufacturing, and / or enable continuously changing properties.

[0053] It is understood that the bar elements of the first section may have a smaller mean diameter than the bar elements of the second section and / or that the bar elements of the first section may be arranged less densely than the bar elements of the second section.

[0054] Furthermore, the first section can be positioned closer to the toe area of ​​the outsole than the second section. In this regard, it has been found that, particularly when combined with the configuration mentioned above, where the first section is positioned further medially relative to the second section, the "integrated starting block" effect can be further enhanced without negatively impacting outsole stability. Moreover, by positioning the first section closer to the toe area of ​​the outsole than the second section, sufficient toe flexibility can be ensured, which is essential for various sports such as soccer / football.

[0055] The stiffness of the cushioning element, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface on which the outsole is placed during normal use, can increase continuously from the first section to the second. This makes it possible to avoid abrupt changes in stiffness that would be perceived as bothersome by the wearer and / or functionally disadvantageous.

[0056] The cushioning element can include a connecting edge, which is preferably formed integrally with the cushioning element. This allows the cushioning element to be attached to the sole element, for example, by means of an adhesive. Because the connecting edge is formed integrally with the cushioning element, the number of outsole parts can be kept to a minimum.

[0057] The cushioning element can be manufactured using an additive manufacturing process. Manufacturing the cushioning element using additive manufacturing processes, such as 3D printing, has proven advantageous because it allows for complex structures and / or anisotropic material behavior. This enables precise customization of the outsole's geometry and / or properties. Additionally, outsoles with properties individually tailored to a specific wearer can be created.

[0058] The sole element may include at least one opening that overlaps at least partially with the padding element. Firstly, the opening can improve visual inspection, making it easier to identify material failures in the padding element, such as those caused by external forces or improper use. Secondly, the opening can be used to adjust the stiffness of the sole element. Thirdly, the opening can also be used to adjust the compression properties of the padding element with which it overlaps. It is understood that the opening in the sole element does not necessarily require a closed contour. However, the opening may have a closed contour, thereby increasing its stability. The opening may also be a cut-out opening.Furthermore, the at least one opening can be an integrally formed opening, e.g. by injection molding.

[0059] The at least one opening may include at least one bottom opening, which is adapted so that the cushioning element faces a surface on which the outsole is to be placed during normal use. The at least one bottom opening may serve to locally reduce and / or adjust the stiffness of the outsole, i.e., the sole element.

[0060] The at least one opening can include at least one side opening adapted such that the cushioning element faces the outsole in a lateral direction and / or a medial direction, preferably comprising at least two side openings adapted such that the cushioning element faces the outsole in a lateral direction and a medial direction. The at least one side opening can allow the stiffness of the cushioning element with which the opening overlaps to be adjusted. In particular, the at least one side opening can allow the compression stiffness to be adjusted. This is because vertical compression of the cushioning element is not limited, at least locally, by the material of the sole element. Rather, substantially free compression of the cushioning element is possible until the side opening is closed.In this context, the term "vertical" refers to a direction perpendicular to a surface on which the outsole is to be placed during normal use.

[0061] At least one opening can be covered by a cover element. This protects the upholstery element from dirt and / or environmental influences such as moisture, which can negatively affect its functionality.

[0062] The cover element can cover at least one bottom opening and at least one side opening. This allows the cover element to be positioned in a particularly secure location within the base element, and the openings to be closed with just one component.

[0063] The cover element can be transparent. This allows for visual inspection of the padding element, enabling the identification of material failure caused, for example, by external forces or improper use, while simultaneously protecting the padding element from dirt and / or potentially harmful environmental influences.

[0064] The cover element may have lower stiffness compared to the sole element. Furthermore, the cover element may be made of a material with lower stiffness and / or hardness compared to the material of the sole element. This helps to minimize the impact of the cover element on the functionality of the sole and cushioning elements.

[0065] The cushioning element can be at least partially enclosed by a film, which is preferably transparent. This also allows the cushioning element to be visually inspected, so that material failure, caused, for example, by external forces or improper use, can be identified in the cushioning element, while at the same time protecting the cushioning element from dirt and / or potentially harmful environmental influences.

[0066] The sole element can comprise at least one stud, wherein the at least one stud overlaps the cushioning element. Studs according to the present invention, which can also be referred to as cleats, can serve to provide traction for the wearer on soft surfaces such as grass fields. The use of cleats is known from the field of sports such as soccer, American football, rugby, and / or track and field. The studs can be formed integrally with the sole element. Furthermore, the studs can be at least partially (e.g., the tips of the studs) injection-molded onto a base material. In addition, the studs can be formed by placing pre-fabricated stud tips in a mold and overmolding them with at least a portion of the outsole (e.g., a plate and / or a base material). The base material can comprise the sole element. Furthermore, the studs can be based on TPU.The above eliminates the need to screw on and / or replace the studs.

[0067] However, interchangeable or screw-on studs can also be used. Accordingly, studs of different lengths and / or materials can be used for different ground conditions. Since the cushioning element overlaps at least one stud, unpleasant pressure from the stud(s) to the wearer's foot is prevented. This allows the sole element to be made thinner, thus saving weight without reducing comfort.

[0068] The sole element can comprise at least two rows of studs, with the at least one bottom opening, as described above, being arranged between the rows of studs. Preferably, the sole element comprises at least three rows of studs, with at least one bottom opening, as described above, arranged between each pair of stud rows. This configuration allows the flexural stiffness and / or compressive stiffness of the outsole to be selectively adjusted through the at least one bottom opening, while simultaneously ensuring the studs are reliably attached to the outsole. Additionally, the cushioning element can be more easily inspected.

[0069] The cushioning element optionally does not extend into the heel area of ​​the outsole. This allows the heel area of ​​the outsole to be more stable than if the cushioning element did extend into the heel area. This reduces the risk of injury, for example, from twisting.

[0070] The cushioning element, viewed from the heel area of ​​the outsole, does not extend substantially beyond the area of ​​the outsole configured to support metatarsal fat pads. Therefore, increased outsole stiffness beyond this area is avoided. This is because the cushioning element does not increase the second moment of area of ​​the outsole in this region. Thus, toe flexion can be improved, which is beneficial at the start of a sprint where greater toe flexion is advantageous. The term "substantially" refers to the fact that, viewed from the heel area of ​​the outsole, the cushioning element does not extend more than 1 cm, and optionally 0.5 cm, beyond the area of ​​the outsole configured to support metatarsal fat pads.

[0071] The outsole can comprise a plurality of cushioning elements according to the preceding claims. For example, the cushioning elements can be stacked on top of each other. Furthermore, the cushioning elements can be stacked in a direction extending from a medial part of the outsole to a lateral part of the outsole, or in the opposite direction.

[0072] The first section may have a lower stiffness, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface on which the outsole is to be placed during normal use, compared to the second section.

[0073] According to an alternative embodiment, the cushioning element described above may comprise a foam material and / or a gel material instead of or in addition to the grid structure. It is understood that the features and / or advantages described above may also apply to this alternative embodiment. Foam materials have proven advantageous because they offer a compromise between cushioning, i.e., comfort, and elasticity, i.e., energy return. The foam material may comprise a polyamide, a polyether block amide, an expanded polyether block amide, a thermoplastic polyurethane, an expanded thermoplastic polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermosetting polyurethane foam, and / or a thermoplastic copolyester. Furthermore, the foam material may be manufactured using a specific process to achieve advantageous properties.For example, the use of particle foam has proven advantageous in the sporting goods industry, as described in US 2014 / 0366405A1 and US 2018 / 0035755A1. This process involves expanding compact polymer granules into expanded foam beads. These beads are then bonded together at their surfaces by applying heat that at least partially melts the particle surfaces. Steam chest molding and / or radio frequency fusion can be used for this purpose. Other specific process modifications may also be advantageous. For example, a gaseous blowing agent in an autoclave / extrusion / injection molding process can be replaced by a blowing agent in a supercritical state. Furthermore, gel materials have proven advantageous due to their particularly good damping properties.

[0074] Furthermore, the overall objective mentioned above is achieved by a shoe, in particular a football / soccer shoe, which includes the outsole as described herein. It is understood that the advantages described above with regard to the outsole also apply to the shoe itself. 4. Brief description of the enclosed figures

[0075] The following is a brief description of the attached figures: Fig. 1 shows a side view of an outsole according to the present invention; Fig. 2 shows a top view of another outsole according to the present invention; Fig. Figure 3 shows an underside view of the outsole of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 shows a top view of the outsole of Fig. 2, which is dismantled; Fig. Figure 5 shows a side view of the front part of the outsole of Fig. 2 without the upholstery element; Fig. Figure 6 shows a top view of a cushioning element for an outsole according to the present invention; Fig. Figure 7 shows a top view of a further cushioning element for an outsole according to the present invention; Fig. Figure 8 shows a perspective view of another outsole according to the present invention; Fig. 9 corresponds Fig. 8, with the upholstery element removed, and Fig. Figure 10 shows a perspective view of a cover element of an outsole according to the present invention. 5. Detailed description of the figures

[0076] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the figures. As shown in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. As shown in Figure 4, an embodiment of an outsole 10 according to the invention comprises a cushioning element 20 arranged in a forefoot area 11 of the outsole 10. The cushioning element 20 comprises a grid structure 21. Furthermore, the outsole 10 comprises a sole element 30, which includes a receiving section 31 by which the cushioning element 20 is received.

[0077] According to the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 9, the receiving section 31 is a recess adapted to the shape of the cushioning element 20, the recess being arranged in a surface of the sole element 30 that faces the tread 17 of the outsole 10. In particular, and as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the depth of the recess, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use, corresponds essentially to the thickness of the cushioning element 20. Furthermore, a support surface 16, opposite the tread surface 17 of the outsole 10, is jointly defined by an upper surface 24 of the cushioning element 20 and an upper surface 32 of the sole element 30, wherein the upper surface 24 of the cushioning element 20 is essentially flat with the upper surface 32 of the sole element 30.

[0078] Furthermore, the upholstery element comprises 20, as shown in the Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 shows a first section 22 and a second section 23. These sections 22 and 23 are enclosed by the lattice structure 21. It should be noted that in each of the figures, the lattice structure 21, the first section 22, and the second section 23 are represented schematically. In particular, the indicated structure of the lattice structure 21 is not to be understood as a specific lattice configuration. The first section 22 has a lower stiffness compared to the second section 23. Specifically, the first section 22 has a lower stiffness, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use, compared to the second section 23. The first section 22 is located in a region of the outsole 10 configured to support the medial metatarsophalangeal joint.Furthermore, the first section 22 is located further medially relative to the second section 23. Additionally, the first section 22 is located closer to the toe area 14 of the outsole 10 than the second section 23. Although not shown in the schematic grid structures 21, the stiffness of the cushioning element 20, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use, increases continuously from the first section 22 to the second section 23.

[0079] Furthermore, the grid structure comprises 21, as in the Fig. 2, Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 shows a plurality of bar elements 25a, 25b, 25c, 26a, 26b, 26c. In Fig. 2. The bar elements 25a, 25b, 25c of the first section 22 are arranged less densely than the bar elements 26a, 26b, 26c of the second section 23. In Fig. 6. The bar elements 25a, 25b, 25c of the first section 22 have a smaller mean diameter than the bar elements 26a, 26b, 26c of the second section 23. Furthermore, in Fig. 7 the bar elements 25a, 25b, 25c of the first section 22 are arranged less densely than the bar elements 26a, 26b, 26c of the second section 23 and have a smaller mean diameter than the bar elements 26a, 26b, 26c of the second section 23.

[0080] Furthermore, the expert understands in particular from the Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, that the cushioning element 20 is an insert element that is attached to the sole element 30, e.g. by means of an adhesive and / or welding. In this respect, the cushioning element 20 comprises a connecting edge 27 that is formed integrally with the cushioning element 20, e.g. by an additive manufacturing process.

[0081] As in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the cushioning element 20 is arranged in an area 12 of the outsole 10, which is configured to support metatarsal fat pads. This allows, as particularly in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the cushioning element 20, viewed from a heel area 15 of the outsole 10, does not substantially extend beyond an area 12 of the outsole 10 configured to support metatarsal fat pads. Furthermore, the thickness of the cushioning element 20, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use, reaches a maximum in the area 12 configured to support metatarsal fat pads and decreases towards the heel area 15 and the toe area 14. Even further, as shown in Figure 1, the thickness of the cushioning element 20 is not significantly reduced. Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the cushioning element 20 extends essentially from a lateral side of the outsole 10 to a medial side of the outsole 10. Furthermore, none of the depicted cushioning elements 20 extends into the heel area 15 of the outsole 10.

[0082] Fig. Figure 9 shows that the flexural stiffness of the sole element 30 relative to a bending axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outsole 10 and parallel to a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use is smaller in the receiving section 31 than in sections of the sole element 30 adjacent to the receiving section 31. Furthermore, the flexural stiffness has a minimum in the receiving section 31. In particular, the minimum is located in a flexible section 37 of the sole element 30, the flexible section 37 being the section of the sole element 30 that experiences maximum bending during walking. The flexible section 37 extends partially along the receiving section 31. More precisely, the flexible section 37 extends along the receiving section 31 between the second row of lugs 36b and the third row of lugs 36c, as counted from the toe of the sole element 30.

[0083] Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 9 shows that the sole element 30 comprises at least one opening 33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b which overlaps at least partially with the padding element 20. In particular, as shown in the figures, the at least one opening 33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b comprises at least one bottom opening 33a, 33b, 33c which is adapted such that the padding element 20 (when arranged in the sole element 30) faces a surface 50 on which the outsole 10 is to be placed during normal use. Furthermore, in particular, as also shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the at least one opening 33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b comprises two side openings 34a, 34b which are adapted such that the cushioning element 20 (when arranged in the sole element 30) faces the outer sole 10 in a lateral direction and the outer sole 10 in a medial direction. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art understands from Fig. 4 and Fig. 9 together with Fig. 10, that the at least one bottom opening 33a, 33b, 33c and the at least one side opening 34a, 34b are covered by a transparent cover element 40.

[0084] Fig. Figure 3 shows that the sole element 30 comprises at least one stud 35a, 35b which overlaps with the padding element 20. In particular, the sole element 30 comprises three rows of studs 36a, 36b, 36c, wherein at least one floor opening 33a, 33b, 33c, as described above, is arranged between each pair of stud rows 36a, 36b, 36c. List of reference symbols 10 Outsole 11 Forefoot area 12 Area for supporting metatarsal fat pads 13 Midfoot area 14 Toe area 15 Heel area 16 Support surface of the outsole 17 Outsole tread 18 View direction from a heel section 20 upholstered elements 21 Lattice structure 22 first section of the upholstery element 23 second section of the upholstery element 24 upper surface of the upholstered element 25a, 25b, 25c Bar elements of the first section 26a, 26b, 26c Bar elements of the second section 27 Connecting edge 30 sole elements 31. Intake section of the sole element 32 upper surface of the sole element 33a, 33b, 33c lower openings 34a, 34b side openings 35a, 35b Stollen 36a, 36b, 36c Stollenreihen 37 flexible section 40 Cover element 50 Surface on which the outsole is to be placed during normal use

Claims

[1] Outsole (10) for a shoe, wherein the outsole (10) comprises: a cushioning element (20) arranged in a forefoot area (11) of the outsole (10), wherein the cushioning element (20) comprises a grid structure (21), wherein the cushioning element (20) comprises a first section (22) and a second section (23), wherein the first section (22) has a lower stiffness compared to the second section (23), and a sole element (30) comprising a receiving section (31) by which the cushioning element (20) is received, wherein the receiving section (31) is a recess adapted to the shape of the cushioning element (20). [2] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first section (22) is located further medially relative to the second section (23). [3] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first section (22) is arranged in a region of the outsole (10) configured to support the medial metatarsophalangeal joint. [4] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recess is arranged in a surface of the sole element (30) opposite the running surface (17) of the outsole (10). [5] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the depth of the recess, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface (50) on which the outsole (10) is to be placed during normal use, is substantially equal to the thickness of the cushioning element (20). [6] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) is an insert element which is attached to the sole element (30), preferably by means of an adhesive and / or welding. [7] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a support surface (16) opposite the running surface (17) of the outsole (10) is jointly defined by an upper surface (24) of the cushioning element (20) and an upper surface (32) of the sole element (30). [8] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the upper surface (24) of the cushioning element (20) is substantially flush with the upper surface (32) of the sole element (30). [9] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outsole (10) further comprises a cover plate, wherein the cushioning element (20) is arranged between the sole element (30) and the cover plate. [10] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the cover plate extends along the entire length of the outsole (10), only along the forefoot area (11) of the outsole (10), only along the midfoot area (13) of the outsole (10) or only along the length of the cushioning element (20). [11] Outer sole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bending stiffness of the sole element (30) relative to a bending axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outer sole (10) and parallel to a surface (50) on which the outer sole (10) is to be placed during normal use is smaller in the receiving section (31) than in sections of the sole element (30) adjacent to the receiving section (31), wherein the bending stiffness preferably has a minimum in the receiving section (31), wherein the minimum is further preferably located in a bending section (37) of the sole element (30). [12] Outer sole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving section (31), measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the outer sole (10), is smaller than compared to sections of the sole element (30) adjacent to the receiving section (31). [13] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) is arranged in a region (12) of the outsole (10) which is configured to support metatarsal fat pads. [14] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the thickness of the cushioning element (20), measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface (50) on which the outsole (10) is to be placed during normal use, reaches a maximum in the area (12) configured to support metatarsal fat pads and preferably decreases in the direction of the heel area (15) and / or the toe area (14). [15] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) extends substantially from a lateral side of the outsole (10) to a medial side of the outsole (10). [16] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lattice structure (21) comprises a plurality of rod elements (25a, 25b, 25c, 26a, 26b, 26c). [17] Outer sole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the rod elements (25a, 25b, 25c) of the first section (22) have a smaller mean diameter than the rod elements (26a, 26b, 26c) of the second section (23). [18] Outsole (10) according to one of claims 16 to 17, wherein the rod elements (25a, 25b, 25c) of the first section (22) are arranged less densely than the rod elements (26a, 26b, 26c) of the second section (23). [19] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first section (22) is located closer to the toe area (14) of the outsole (10) than the second section (23). [20] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stiffness of the cushioning element (20), measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface (50) on which the outsole (10) is to be placed during normal use, increases continuously from the first section (22) to the second section (23). [21] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) comprises a connecting edge (27), wherein the connecting edge (27) is preferably formed integrally with the cushioning element (20). [22] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) is produced by an additive manufacturing process. [23] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sole element (30) comprises at least one opening (33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b) which overlaps at least partially with the cushioning element (20). [24] Outsole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one opening (33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b) comprises at least one bottom opening (33a, 33b, 33c) which is adapted such that the cushioning element (20) faces a surface (50) on which the outsole (10) is to be placed during normal use. [25] Outsole (10) according to one of claims 23 to 24, wherein the at least one opening (33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b) comprises at least one side opening (34a, 34b) which is adapted such that the cushioning element (20) faces the outsole (10) in a lateral direction and / or a medial direction, wherein preferably the at least one opening (33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b) comprises at least two side openings (34a, 34b) which are adapted such that the cushioning element (20) faces the outsole (10) in a lateral direction and a medial direction. [26] Outsole (10) according to one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the at least one opening (33a, 33b, 33c, 34a, 34b) is covered by a cover element (40). [27] Outsole (10) according to claims 24, 25 and 26, wherein the at least one bottom opening (33a, 33b, 33c) and the at least one side opening (34a, 34b) are covered by the cover element (40). [28] Outsole (10) according to one of claims 26 to 27, wherein the cover element (40) is a transparent cover element (40). [29] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) is at least partially enclosed by a film, the film being preferably transparent. [30] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sole element (30) comprises at least one stud (35a, 35b) wherein the at least one stud (35a, 35b) overlaps with the cushioning element (20). [31] Outer sole (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the sole element (30) comprises at least two rows of studs (36a, 36b, 36c), wherein the at least one bottom opening (33a, 33b, 33c) according to claim 24 is arranged between the rows of studs (36a, 36b, 36c), wherein the sole element (30) preferably comprises at least three rows of studs (36a, 36b, 36c), wherein at least one bottom opening (33a, 33b, 33c) according to claim 24 is arranged between each pair of the rows of studs (36a, 36b, 36c). [32] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20) does not extend into the heel area (15) of the outsole (10). [33] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cushioning element (20), as seen from a heel area (15) of the outsole (10) (18), does not substantially extend beyond an area (12) of the outsole (10) configured to support metatarsal fat pads. [34] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outsole (10) comprises a plurality of cushioning elements (20) according to the preceding claims. [35] Outsole (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first section (22) has a lower stiffness, measured in a direction perpendicular to a surface (50) on which the outsole (10) is to be placed during normal use, compared to the second section (23). [36] Shoe comprising the outsole (10) according to any of the preceding claims. [37] Shoe according to the preceding claim, wherein the shoe is a football shoe.

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