Vulcanizable rubber compound and vulcanizate

Abstract

The invention relates to a vulcanizable rubber compound comprising: a) one or more diene rubbers, b) one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction of 65 phr or more, wherein the one or more fillers are selected from the group consisting of silicon-containing fillers, wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 of 130 m². 2 / g or less, and c) one or more organosilicon-modified resins.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a vulcanizable rubber mixture, a vulcanizate producible therefrom, and a rubber product containing this vulcanizate. Also disclosed is the use of a corresponding vulcanizable rubber mixture or a corresponding vulcanizate in the production of rubber products to reduce the need for plasticizer.

[0002] The automotive industry is one of the sectors that has faced fundamental challenges since the beginning of the 21st century and has simultaneously been shaped by numerous technological innovations. Growing customer awareness of environmental aspects such as emissions profiles and resource efficiency requires new mobility concepts. At the same time, demand for improved vehicle performance and requirements regarding driving safety are increasing. Meeting these challenges is not solely the responsibility of the actual vehicle manufacturers. In practice, many of these aspects are strongly influenced by tire properties, making the optimization of tire properties an important area of ​​innovation.

[0003] Several relevant properties of pneumatic automotive tires, such as wet grip and abrasion resistance, are closely linked to the rubber composition of the tread. Therefore, many research efforts focus on optimizing the properties of the rubber composition and its additives.

[0004] Significant progress has been made in this field in recent decades. A key innovation has been the at least partial replacement of carbon black fillers with silicon-containing compounds, particularly silicon dioxide compounds such as fumed silica or silicates. It has been shown that particularly favorable properties can be obtained if the silicon-containing compounds are modified on their surface by organosilanization, also known as organosilylation. For this purpose, the silicon-containing compounds are reacted with organosilicon compounds, particularly organyloxysilylorganic compounds, i.e. with compounds that have at least one CO-Si bond and at least one organic radical attached via a Si-C bond.During the chemical conversion, which is usually a condensation reaction, a modification with the organic radical of the organosilicon compounds occurs at the interface of the silicon-containing compounds. This organic radical can be used to specifically influence the compatibility of the fillers in the rubber mixture and the interactions with the rubber. In many cases, it is preferred for the organic radicals to carry functional groups that can crosslink with the rubber mixture during vulcanization and thus increase the degree of crosslinking in the vulcanizate. This is why the organosilicon compounds are sometimes also referred to as silane coupling agents. This principle is disclosed, for example, in DE 2536674 C3 or DE 2255577 C3.

[0005] The concept developed for the modification of silicon-containing compounds was subsequently adapted to resins. For example, WO2018 / 191187 A1 proposed resins provided with a corresponding filler-reactive group to also enable bonding to the filler. A beneficial effect on the physicochemical properties of the vulcanizable rubber compounds produced with them or the vulcanizates produced from them by vulcanization was also observed. Such resins are sometimes referred to by the inventors as organosilicon-modified resins.

[0006] Despite the fundamental advantages of using corresponding organosilicon-modified resins with filler-reactive groups, their use in vulcanizable rubber compounds is sometimes viewed as disadvantageous. In particular, it is often perceived as disadvantageous that, although an improvement in the trade-off between rolling resistance and wet grip can be achieved in many cases, this improvement often requires the use of relatively large amounts of plasticizers, such as plasticizer oils and plasticizer resins, to ensure that the resulting vulcanizable rubber compounds exhibit favorable processing properties and prevent the resulting vulcanizates from becoming too hard, especially with high filler contents.

[0007] The primary object of the present invention was to eliminate or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] In particular, it was the object of the present invention to provide a vulcanizable rubber mixture and corresponding vulcanizates that can be produced therefrom, which have excellent mechanical properties and, in particular, best solve the conflict of objectives between good wet grip on the one hand and advantageous rolling resistance on the other hand.

[0009] It was an object of the present invention that the vulcanizable rubber mixtures to be specified should be producible with the lowest possible contents of plasticizers, in particular even with high filler contents, without the processing properties of the vulcanizable rubber mixtures being adversely affected and without the hardness of the vulcanizates producible therefrom being increased excessively.

[0010] In this respect, it was a supplementary object of the present invention that the possibility of reducing the plasticizer content should make it possible to improve the abrasion resistance of the vulcanizates.

[0011] It was a supplementary object of the present invention that the vulcanizable rubber mixtures and vulcanizates to be specified should be producible, if possible, using production processes that are already used today in the field of rubber processing.

[0012] It was a further object of the present invention to provide a corresponding rubber product which comprises the vulcanizate to be specified.

[0013] It was a secondary object of the present invention to provide a use of a corresponding vulcanizable rubber mixture or a corresponding vulcanizate in the production of rubber products to reduce the need for plasticizer.

[0014] The inventors of the present invention have now recognized that the objects described above can surprisingly be achieved if specific amounts of a silicon-containing filler with a low BET surface area are used in vulcanizable rubber mixtures comprising organosilicon-modified resins, as defined in the claims.

[0015] The above-mentioned objects are accordingly achieved by the subject matter of the invention as defined in the claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following statements.

[0016] Such embodiments, which are designated as preferred below, are combined in particularly preferred embodiments with features of other embodiments designated as preferred. Combinations of two or more of the embodiments designated as particularly preferred below are thus very particularly preferred. Likewise preferred are embodiments in which a feature of one embodiment designated as preferred to any extent is combined with one or more further features of other embodiments designated as preferred to any extent. Features of preferred vulcanizates, rubber products, and uses emerge from the features of preferred vulcanizable rubber mixtures.

[0017] To the extent that both specific amounts or proportions of a mixture component, for example for the diene rubbers or the organosilicon-modified resins, and preferred embodiments of the mixture component are disclosed below, the specific amounts or proportions of the preferably configured mixture components are also disclosed. Furthermore, it is disclosed that, with the corresponding specific total amounts or total proportions of the mixture components, at least some of the mixture components can be preferably configured, and in particular, that preferably configured mixture components can in turn be present in the specific amounts or proportions within the specific total amounts or total proportions.

[0018] The invention relates to a vulcanizable rubber mixture comprising: a) one or more diene rubbers, b) one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction of 65 phr or more, wherein the one or more fillers are selected from the group consisting of silicon-containing fillers, wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 of 130 m 2 / g or less, and c) one or more organosilicon-modified resins.

[0019] Vulcanizable rubber mixtures per se and their typical components as well as typical production processes for obtaining corresponding vulcanizable rubber mixtures are comprehensively known to the person skilled in the art in the field of rubber processing.

[0020] In accordance with standard practice, the above-defined components of the vulcanizable rubber compound are each referred to as "one or more." The term "one or more" refers, as is customary in the industry, to the chemical nature of the respective compounds, not to their quantity. For example, the vulcanizable rubber compound may comprise exclusively SBR as a diene rubber, which would mean that the vulcanizable rubber compound comprises a plurality of the respective molecules.

[0021] Where mass fractions are specified below, these are usually stated as combined mass fractions of one or more components, as is customary in the industry, thereby expressing that the mass fraction of the correspondingly formed components taken together meets the corresponding criteria. The term phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber by weight) used here is the quantity commonly used in the rubber industry for compound formulations, which indicates the mass fractions of the components in the rubber compound relative to the mass of the high-molecular-weight rubbers (weight-average molar mass Mw according to GPC greater than 60,000 g / mol) present in the rubber compound.wherein the combined mass fraction of the high molecular weight rubbers in the rubber mixture corresponds to 100 phr. The vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention comprises at least one diene rubber. In accordance with the expert understanding, diene rubbers are referred to as rubbers obtained by (co)polymerization of dienes and / or cycloalkenes and thus have C=C double bonds either in the main chain or in the side groups. It can be seen as an advantage of the vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention that it is very flexible with regard to the diene rubbers to be used, so that in principle all rubbers customary in the industry can be used. In the opinion of the inventors, however, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more diene rubbers are selected from the group consisting of natural polyisoprene, synthetic polyisoprene,epoxidized polyisoprene, butadiene rubber, solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, polynorbornene, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, nitrile rubber, acrylate rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymer, butyl rubber and halobutyl rubber, wherein the one or more diene rubbers are preferably selected from the group consisting of natural polyisoprene (NR), synthetic polyisoprene (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) and emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR), wherein the one or more diene rubbers are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber. In this respect, additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein at least one of the diene rubbers,preferably all of the one or more diene rubbers are end-group-modified and / or chain-modified diene rubbers, preferably end-group-modified diene rubbers.

[0022] For obtaining vulcanizable rubber mixtures that can be converted into particularly high-performance vulcanizates by vulcanization, SBR, BR, and IR or NR have proven particularly suitable as diene rubbers. Thus, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is initially preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises styrene-butadiene rubber, preferably solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, as the diene rubber, preferably in a combined mass fraction of 30 phr or more, more preferably 50 phr or more, most preferably 70 phr or more. Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises butadiene rubber as diene rubber, preferably in a combined mass fraction of 30 phr or more, particularly preferably of 50 phr or more, very particularly preferably of 70 phr or more.In turn, additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises natural polyisoprene and / or synthetic polyisoprene, preferably natural polyisoprene, as diene rubber, preferably in a combined mass fraction in the range from 1 to 40 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 2 to 35 phr, very particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 30 phr.

[0023] Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the diene rubber(s) have a weight-average molecular mass Mw, measured by GPC, in the range from 200,000 to 5,000,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 250,000 to 2,500,000.

[0024] To optimally adapt the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the vulcanizates produced to the respective application requirements, it has proven advantageous to mix two or more rubbers together. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises two or more, preferably three or more, different diene rubbers as the diene rubber.

[0025] The vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention comprises one or more fillers selected from the group consisting of silicon-containing fillers. The person skilled in the art will understand that these are fillers which have free OH groups on their surface and can therefore enter into a condensation reaction with Si-OR functionalities which, in the context of the present invention, are introduced via the organosilicon-modified resin. In addition to other compounds, for example layered silicates such as kaolin, amorphous silicon dioxide compounds are used in particular. Among the amorphous silicon dioxides, the rubber industry, especially the tire industry, particularly the compounds which - for historical reasons - are also known as "silicas" orSilica, also known as "silica" in English, is of outstanding importance, so that the use of these "silicas" as silicon-containing fillers is preferred in essentially all cases. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the one or more silicon-containing fillers are selected from the group consisting of amorphous silicon dioxide, preferably pyrogenic silicon dioxide and precipitated silicon dioxide, particularly preferably precipitated silicon dioxide.

[0026] According to the invention, the one or more fillers have a comparatively low nitrogen surface area (BET surface area), which can be determined according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01. According to the invention, this specific filler must be used in relatively large quantities.

[0027] According to the inventors' assessment, particularly advantageous property profiles are surprisingly obtained, especially at even lower surface values. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 of 120 m 2 / g or less, preferably 110 m 2 / g or less, particularly preferably 100 m 2 / g or less, and / or wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 in the range of 20 to 120 m 2 / g, particularly preferably in the range of 40 to 110 m 2 / g, particularly preferably in the range of 50 to 100 m 2 / g.

[0028] Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more fillers have a CTAB surface according to ASTM D 3765-03 in the range of 10 to 110 m 2 / g, preferably in the range of 30 to 100 m 2 / g, particularly preferably in the range of 40 to 90 m 2 / g.

[0029] With regard to the usable amounts of the specific filler, the inventors have found that the vulcanizable rubber mixtures according to the invention advantageously exhibit excellent results even for high filler contents. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises the one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction of 70 phr or more, preferably of 75 phr or more, particularly preferably of 80 phr or more, and / or wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises the one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction in the range from 65 to 250 phr, preferably in the range from 70 to 200 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 75 to 180 phr, very particularly preferably in the range from 80 to 160 phr.

[0030] In addition to the silicon-containing fillers to be used according to the invention, further fillers may also be present, thereby enabling a specific adaptation of the properties of the vulcanizable rubber mixture. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more further fillers, which are preferably selected from the group consisting of carbon blacks, wherein the combined mass fraction of the further fillers is preferably in the range from 0.1 to 100 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 0.5 to 50 phr.

[0031] However, in the inventors' opinion, it is preferred for many applications if the fillers of the vulcanizable rubber mixture consist predominantly of the specific silicon-containing fillers. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises 10 phr or less, preferably 5 phr or less, particularly preferably 2 phr or less, and especially preferably 1 phr or less, of further fillers.

[0032] In addition to the diene rubbers and the specific fillers as well as the resins further characterized below, other typical components can be used in the vulcanizable rubber mixtures according to the invention, which serve, for example, to influence the physico-chemical properties, e.g. the processing and vulcanization properties, of the vulcanizable rubber mixtures or the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates that can be produced therefrom.

[0033] An example in this respect is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more further additives, wherein the further additives are preferably selected from the group consisting of coupling agents, methylene donors, ageing inhibitors, for example N-phenyl-N'-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD), N,N'-ditolyl-p-phenylenediamine (DTPD), N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ), activators, for example zinc oxide and fatty acids, waxes, mastication aids, for example 2,2'-dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide (DBD) and processing aids, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture preferably comprises the further additives in a combined mass fraction in the range of 0.1 to 20 phr, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 15 phr, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 10 phr.

[0034] Also preferred is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more silane coupling agents, preferably in a combined mass fraction in the range from 0.1 to 20 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 0.5 to 15 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 1 to 10 phr. Based on the mass of silicon-containing filler (phf), a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more silane coupling agents, preferably in a combined mass fraction in the range from 0.1 to 12 phf, particularly preferably in the range from 0.5 to 10 phf, particularly preferably in the range from 1 to 5.2 phf.

[0035] With regard to the vulcanization behavior, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises 0.5 to 8.0 phr, preferably 0.8 to 6 phr, particularly preferably 1 to 4 phr, of sulfur.

[0036] Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises further vulcanization constituents, wherein the further vulcanization constituents are selected from the group consisting of crosslinkers, vulcanization retarders, and vulcanization accelerators, for example, thiazole accelerators, mercapto accelerators, sulfenamide accelerators, thiocarbamate accelerators, thiuram accelerators, thiophosphate accelerators, thiourea accelerators, xanthate accelerators, or guanidine accelerators. In addition to sulfur and sulfur donors, peroxide crosslinkers, for example, can also be used.Suitable peroxidic crosslinking agents include, for example, organic peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, di-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, butyl 4,4-di-(tert-butylperoxy)valerate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, di-(2-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, or tert-butylcumyl peroxide. These crosslinking agents can also be used in any desired combination. Further alternatives include, for example, the crosslinking agents mentioned in WO 2018 / 191187 A1, paragraph

[0094] .

[0037] A particularly important component of the vulcanizable rubber mixtures according to the invention are the organosilicon-modified resins. Examples of corresponding organosilicon-modified resins are disclosed, for example, in WO 2018 / 191187 A1.

[0038] These organosilicon-modified resins comprise the typical oligomeric or (co)polymeric backbone of conventional resins, but also have at least one filler-reactive group. Since the boundaries between oligomeric and polymeric compounds are ultimately blurred and a distinction provides no advantage for the invention, both are referred to in the context of the present invention as a (co)polymeric backbone or a (co)polymer chain, which accordingly also includes chains that could be referred to as (co)oligomer chains.

[0039] With regard to the silicon-containing fillers used in rubber mixtures according to the invention, this is a silicon-based linkage. Those skilled in the art will understand that the relevant reaction here is organosilanization, or organosilylation, and that the specific organosilicon-modified resins of the present invention are organosilicon-modified for this purpose, so that the organosilicon-modified resins are ultimately organyloxysilylorganic compounds and can utilize the same functional groups known for this purpose from so-called silane coupling agents.

[0040] According to the inventors' assessment, with regard to the mass fraction of these organosilicon-modified resins, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises the one or more organosilicon-modified resins in a combined mass fraction in the range of 0.5 to 60 phr, preferably in the range of 1 to 50 phr, particularly preferably in the range of 5 to 40 phr.

[0041] Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises two or more different organosilicon-modified resins.

[0042] The inventors have succeeded in identifying particularly suitable organosilicon-modified resins, the use of which can achieve particularly advantageous rolling resistance and favorable wet grip behavior, so that the conflict of objectives in this regard is resolved in an advantageous manner.

[0043] Firstly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins have a glass transition temperature, measured by DSC, T gof -20 °C or more, preferably of -15 °C or more, particularly preferably of -10 °C or more. Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins have a weight-average molar mass Mw, measured by GPC, in the range from 200 to 60,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 400 to 50,000 g / mol, particularly preferably in the range from 500 to 40,000 g / mol, very particularly preferably in the range from 600 to 35,000 g / mol. The weight-average molar mass is determined by gel permeation chromatography in accordance with DIN 55672-1: 2016-03 (GPC with tetrahydrofuran as eluent, polystyrene standard; size exclusion chromatography; SEC).

[0044] Although modification of the organosilicon-modified resins along the backbone is possible, the inventors consider terminal modification particularly advantageous, assuming that the resulting terminal attachment to the filler is sterically advantageous. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins are terminally organosilicon-modified resins.

[0045] With regard to the chemical structure of the organosilicon modification, the inventors believe that this can be conveniently defined generically by linking the necessary silicon-containing functional group to the (co)polymer chain of the resin via a linker unit T. In this respect, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of formula II): (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si - T -, II) where the residues R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom, wherein T is a linear or branched, preferably linear, organic compound unit having 1 to 60, preferably 2 to 40, particularly preferably 5 to 20, non-hydrogen atoms, via which the structural element of formula II) is bonded to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin.

[0046] The expert understands that the (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si group has the role of binding to the free OH groups on the filler surface, with possible configurations of the residues being disclosed, for example, in WO 2019 / 105614 A1. This (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si group can be defined with respect to the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 can be chosen quite flexibly, provided, however, that the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom. As a result, the specific organosilicon-modified resins are organyloxysilylorganic compounds, which indicates to the person skilled in the art that the organosilicon-modified resin is suitable for organosilanization. The word component "organyloxysilyl" expresses that the corresponding organosilicon-modified resins have at least one organic radical that is bonded to the central silicon atom of the (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si group. This organyloxy group, e.g., an alkoxy group such as an ethoxy group, is the leaving group that can be released during a condensation reaction on the surface with free OH groups on the filler surface, thus creating Si-O-Si bonds, for example, in the case of silicon-containing fillers.

[0047] Even if organosilicon-modified resins can be used in which two of the three radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3are directly bonded to the central silicon via a carbon atom and which accordingly have only one leaving group, in practice, organosilicon-modified resins are particularly preferred which have three, usually even identical, leaving groups, which in practice are frequently ethoxy groups, which are released as ethanol during the reaction. This design is usually preferred with regard to the synthesis of the compounds, the manufacturing costs, and the handling of the released leaving groups, which can be relatively easily removed from the mixture. In addition, corresponding organosilicon-modified resins with two or more leaving groups can, at least potentially, also bond with different particles of the filler.

[0048] Despite the great flexibility in the design of the rests R 1 , R 2 and R 3In the light of the above, any limitation is preferred that leads towards the particularly preferred (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si group with three, mostly comparatively short-chain, alkoxy groups. Thus, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched alkoxy groups or alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is an alkoxy group. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear alkoxy groups or alkyl groups. In this respect, additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R3 independently of one another are alkoxy groups or alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably having 2 or 3 carbon atoms. Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also preferred, wherein at least two, preferably all, of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 alkoxy groups. In principle, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 ethoxy groups.

[0049] The above definitions define organic groups and organic linking units. The term organic is clear to the person skilled in the art and means that these units are or can be part of an organic molecule and, in most cases, means that the non-hydrogen atoms are selected from the group of non-metals. In accordance with the understanding of the person skilled in the art, organic groups (e.g., -CH3) are connected via a hydrogen bond and organic linking units (e.g., -CH2-CH2- or -CH2-CHR x -CH2-, where R x for example, can again be an organic group) is linked to other components of the respective compound via two attachment points.

[0050] The reference to "non-hydrogen atoms" in organic groups and compound units is useful for the skilled person and is familiar to them based on their specialist knowledge. This can be used to express that organic compound units or groups can not only be pure hydrocarbon units or hydrocarbon groups, but can also regularly contain heteroatoms, as a result of which the organic compound units or groups also contain functional groups such as ester groups or ether groups. The skilled person will therefore readily understand that, in addition to the "non-hydrogen atoms" defined above, hydrogen atoms can of course also be present and will be present in the vast majority of cases. However, due to their monovalent nature, these will not be present in the chain but will rather fill the valences remaining on the "non-hydrogen atoms".The phrase “organic group having three non-hydrogen atoms” means, in accordance with the expert’s understanding, for example, that the organic group comprises, in addition to hydrogen atoms, three further non-hydrogen atoms.

[0051] For essentially all embodiments, in accordance with the understanding of the person skilled in the art, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the non-hydrogen atoms are selected from the group consisting of C, N, O, S, P, F, Cl and Br, preferably selected from the group consisting of C, N, O and S. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the definition of organic compound units or groups results in an implicit functional restriction in that these are, of course, groups or compound units whose constitution does not contradict any fundamental chemical principles, so that the above units, for example, do not consist exclusively of halides.

[0052] With a view to the time- and cost-efficient production of the organosilicon-modified resins, the inventors propose that it is expedient to provide at least one heteroatom and preferably also further functional groups in the linker unit T. This not only facilitates the attachment of the organosilicon modification to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin. Rather, the inventors' experiments have also shown that the properties of the organosilicon-modified resins and their effect in the vulcanizable rubber mixture can be influenced by the choice of functional groups and heteroatoms. In this context, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of the formula III): (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si - U - A - V -, III) where the residues R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom, wherein U is a linear or branched, preferably linear, organic compound unit having 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 25, particularly preferably 5 to 20, non-hydrogen atoms, wherein U preferably comprises at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of amide groups, ester groups, carboxylic acid groups, ether groups, and hydroxyl groups, particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of amide groups, ether groups, and hydroxyl groups, wherein A is a heteroatom, preferably nitrogen or oxygen, particularly preferably oxygen, wherein V is a linear or branched, preferably linear, organic compound unit having 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, particularly preferably 5 to 10, non-hydrogen atoms, via which the structural element of formula III) is bonded to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin,wherein V is preferably an aromatic organic chain, wherein V particularly preferably comprises an aromatic ring having 6 carbon atoms.,

[0053] Based on the inventors' experiments, it is particularly preferred if the bonding to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin occurs via an aromatic ring system. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of formula IV): (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si - (CH2) i - W - A - Ar-, IV) where the residues R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom, where i is in the range from 1 to 20, preferably in the range from 2 to 15, particularly preferably in the range from 3 to 10, where A is a heteroatom, preferably nitrogen or oxygen, particularly preferably oxygen, where Ar is an aromatic ring, preferably an aromatic ring having 6 carbon atoms, via which the structural element of the formula IV) is bonded to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin, where W is a linear or branched, preferably linear, organic compound unit having 2 to 20, preferably 3 to 15, particularly preferably 4 to 10, non-hydrogen atoms, where W comprises at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of amide groups, ester groups, carboxylic acid groups, ether groups and hydroxy groups, preferably selected from the group consisting of amide groups, ether groups and hydroxy groups.

[0054] The inventors have succeeded in identifying two structural elements for the organosilicon modification in their own experiments, which, in combination with the specific silicon-containing fillers, achieve particularly advantageous property profiles. A vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of the formula V): or of the formula VI):, wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom. Very particular preference is given to a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of the formula VI): where the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom.

[0055] As explained above, the organosilicon-modified resins comprise a (co)polymer chain as their backbone. These are (co)polymers that are produced or can be produced by polymerization from a specific monomer composition. In accordance with expert understanding and standard practice in the field of technology, it is expedient to define such (co)polymers by the production process or the starting materials used for production, since it is largely impossible to conclusively define the corresponding materials in their entirety otherwise. In accordance with standard practice in the field of technology, the manufacturability is specified with reference to the monomer composition, which, in accordance with expert understanding, includes all monomeric constituents that are converted into monomer units of the (co)polymer chain during polymerization.Accordingly, other components that may be present in the reaction mixture during polymerization but are not incorporated into the (co)polymer chain during polymerization, such as solvents, are not included in the monomer composition.

[0056] The starting point for the further description of the (co)polymer chain is thus initially a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise a (co)polymer chain which can be prepared by polymerizing a monomer composition.

[0057] Based on this, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the monomer composition comprises one or more polymerizable monomers selected from the group consisting of unsaturated aliphatic monomers and unsaturated aromatic monomers, preferably selected from the group consisting of unsaturated aromatic monomers, wherein the monomer composition preferably consists of these monomers. Additionally or alternatively, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the monomer composition comprises one or more polymerizable monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylates, methacrylates, terpenes, unsaturated fatty acids, and vinyl aromatic compounds, wherein the monomer composition preferably consists of these monomers.

[0058] According to the inventors' assessment, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the monomer composition comprises one or more polymerizable monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated aromatic monomers, preferably α-methylstyrene and / or styrene, wherein the monomer composition preferably consists of these monomers. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is also particularly preferred, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise a (co)polymer chain of polymerized α-methylstyrene and / or styrene, preferably α-methylstyrene and styrene.

[0059] A major advantage of the vulcanizable rubber mixtures according to the invention is that the required plasticizer contents can be reduced without adversely affecting the processing properties. This makes it possible, in particular, to obtain vulcanizates with advantageous abrasion resistance. By at least partially eliminating plasticizers, the material requirements in production can be advantageously reduced and the infrastructure required for handling the substances can be simplified. Accordingly, the inventors consider it particularly preferable to utilize the advantages of the invention by actually selecting low plasticizer contents.

[0060] Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises 30 phr or less, preferably 20 phr or less, particularly preferably 10 phr or less, especially preferably 5 phr or less, of plasticizers.

[0061] The term "plasticizer" is clear to those skilled in the art and functionally refers to substances added to vulcanizable rubber compounds to soften them and the resulting vulcanizates. Plasticizers are commercially available under these names from numerous manufacturers.

[0062] Particularly relevant plasticizers include, for example, plasticizer oils, plasticizer resins, and low-molecular-weight liquid polymers. In this context, the inventors believe it is particularly advantageous to at least avoid the use of plasticizer oils. In this context, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises 10 phr or less, preferably 5 phr or less, particularly preferably 1 phr or less, and especially preferably 0.5 phr or less, of plasticizer oils.

[0063] If plasticizer oils are used, this is, for example, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more plasticizer oils, wherein the further plasticizer oils are preferably selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, in particular MES (mild extraction solvate), RAE (residual aromatic extract) or TDAE (treated distillate aromatic extract), vegetable oils, biomass-to-liquid oils (BTL oils) and rubber-to-liquid oils (RTL oils).

[0064] The use of plasticizer resins is more preferred than the use of plasticizer oils. In this case, it is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more plasticizer resins that are not organosilicon-modified resins, preferably in a combined mass fraction in the range of 0.5 to 20 phr, more preferably in the range of 1 to 15 phr, most preferably in the range of 5 to 10 phr, and / or wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises 10 phr or less, preferably 5 phr or less, more preferably 1 phr or less, especially preferably 0.1 phr or less, of further resins that are not organosilicon-modified resins.

[0065] Additionally or alternatively, reinforcing resins can also be used instead of plasticizer resins. In this case, the vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is used, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more reinforcing resins that are not organosilicon-modified resins, preferably in a combined mass fraction in the range of 0.5 to 50 phr, more preferably in the range of 1 to 30 phr, most preferably in the range of 5 to 20 phr.

[0066] A person skilled in the art of rubber processing is readily able to distinguish resins from diene rubbers and any liquid polymer components, which in practice is achieved in particular by means of the average molecular weight or the glass transition temperature. When using resins, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the one or more plasticizer resins and / or reinforcing resins have a glass transition temperature, measured by DSC, T gof -20 °C or more, preferably of -15 °C or more, particularly preferably of -10 °C or more. When using resins, preference is additionally or alternatively given to a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the one or more plasticizer resins and / or reinforcing resins have a weight-average molar mass Mw, measured by GPC, in the range from 200 to 50,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 400 to 40,000 g / mol, particularly preferably in the range from 600 to 30,000 g / mol, very particularly preferably in the range from 800 to 20,000 g / mol.

[0067] If plasticizers are to be used, the inventors consider the use of functionalized liquid polymers to be particularly preferred. Accordingly, a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is preferred, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more liquid polydienes, in particular liquid polybutadiene, wherein the one or more liquid polydienes have a number-average molar mass Mn, measured by GPC, in the range from 500 to 20,000 g / mol. In this case, the descriptive feature "liquid" in the sense of a functional viscosity specification is considered to be fulfilled if the corresponding number-average molar mass Mn is present.

[0068] Particularly preferred in this case is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises the one or more liquid polydienes in a combined mass fraction in the range from 0.5 to 70 phr, preferably in the range from 1 to 50 phr, particularly preferably in the range from 2 to 30 phr. Additionally or alternatively, particularly preferred is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the one or more liquid polydienes are organosilicon-modified polydienes. Additionally or alternatively, particularly preferred is a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, wherein the one or more liquid polydienes are modified with a radical according to formula VI):

[0069] Vulcanizates or rubber products can be produced in the usual way from the vulcanizable rubber mixtures according to the invention. The corresponding process for producing a vulcanizate or a rubber product comprises, in addition to producing the vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, for example, the additional step of vulcanizing the vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention, preferably as part of a rubber blank, particularly preferably an unvulcanized vehicle tire blank, to obtain a vulcanizate, preferably as part of a rubber product, preferably a pneumatic vehicle tire.

[0070] The vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention is vulcanized, for example, according to the process customary in the tire industry, for example by sulfur-based crosslinking.

[0071] Accordingly, the invention also relates to a vulcanizate that can be produced or is produced by vulcanizing a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention. Preferred in this respect is a vulcanizate according to the invention that can be produced by vulcanization at a temperature in the range of 120 to 200°C, preferably in the range of 130 to 180°C.

[0072] Accordingly, the invention also relates to a rubber product comprising a vulcanizate according to the invention. An example of a rubber product according to the invention is one in which the rubber product is selected from the group consisting of shoe soles, belts, hoses, and straps. However, for essentially all cases, a rubber product according to the invention is preferred, wherein the rubber product is a vehicle tire, preferably a pneumatic vehicle tire.

[0073] Finally, the use of a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to the invention and / or a vulcanizate according to the invention in the production of rubber products for improving the rolling properties is also disclosed.

[0074] In the following, the invention and preferred embodiments of the invention are further explained and described with reference to experiments. A. Production of vulcanizable rubber compounds:

[0075] The vulcanizable rubber compounds were produced according to the process commonly used in the rubber industry under standard conditions in three stages in a laboratory mixer (300 mL, Brabender Mixer, CW Brabender GmbH & Co., South Hackensack, NJ, US). In a first mixing stage (primary mixing stage, rotor speed: 70 rpm, starting temperature: approx. 130 °C, final temperature: approx. 149 °C), all components except the vulcanization system (sulfur and vulcanization-influencing substances) were mixed. The vulcanizable rubber compound was produced by adding the vulcanization system in the second stage (final mixing stage; rotor speed: 55 rpm, temperature: approx. 80 °C).

[0076] The substances used are listed in Table 1. Table 1 - Substances used polymer Solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR); trade name: NIPOL NS 612 Filler 1 Precipitated silica, BET surface area 180 m 2 / G; Trade name: ULTRASIL® VN 3 GR, Evonik Filler 2 Precipitated silica, BET surface area 90 m 2 / G; Trade name: ULTRASIL® 4000 GR, Evonik Resin 1 Degree of functionalization approx. 50%; M n 699 g / mol (analogous to Example 1.2 of WO 2018 / 191187 A1) Harz 2 Terpene resin, trade name: Sylvatraxx 5216 plasticizer oil Treated distillate aromatic extract; TDAE Functional Fl. BR Liquid polybutadiene, terminally silicon functionalized Additive 1 N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine Additive 2 wax Additive 3 ZnO Additive 4 Stearic acid Silane Bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide (TESPD) Volcano. 1 1,3-Diphenylguanidine (DPG); Volcano. 2 N-Cyclohexylbenzothiazoyl sulfenamide (CBS) Volcano. 3 sulfur

[0077] Standardized, vulcanized vulcanizates were produced as test specimens from all vulcanizable rubber compounds by vulcanization (vulcanization conditions: t: 20 min, T: 160 °C). B. Determination of the physico-chemical properties of the vulcanizates:

[0078] The following physico-chemical properties were determined on the vulcanizates produced using the determination methods described below: - Shore A hardness at room temperature (25 °C) according to DIN EN ISO 868:2003-10; - Loss factor tan δ at 0 °C and 70 °C from temperature-dependent dynamic-mechanical measurement using an Eplexor according to DIN 53513: 1990-03 (constant force, 10 % compression, ± 0.2 % strain amplitude, frequency 10 Hz) and temperature at maximum loss factor (T @ tan δ max); and - Abrasion at room temperature according to DIN ISO 4649:2021 (method A with non-rotating test specimens).

[0079] The loss factor tan δ (0 °C) serves as an indicator of a tire's wet grip. The higher the loss factor tan δ (0 °C), the better the wet grip properties. The loss factor tan δ (70 °C) serves as an indicator of a tire's rolling resistance, with a lower loss factor tan δ (70 °C) indicating lower rolling resistance. The greater the difference Δ tan δ (loss factor tan δ (0 °C) - loss factor tan δ (70 °C)), the more advantageous the respective vulcanizate is with regard to the trade-off between wet grip properties and rolling resistance. D. 1. Series of experiments:

[0080] In the first series of tests, eight vulcanizable rubber compounds were produced, the composition of which is given in Table 1. Table 1 - Vulcanizable rubber compounds according to the first test series (all data in phr) Components V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 E1 E2 polymer 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Filler 1 90 90 - 75 75 - - - Filler 2 - - 90 - - 75 90 75 Resin 1 - 30 - - 30 - 30 30 Harz 2 30 30 30 15 15 15 30 15 Additive 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Additive 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Additive 3 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 Additive 4 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 Silane 6,48 6,48 6,48 5,4 5,4 2,7 3,24 2,7 Volcano. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Volcano. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Volcano. 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

[0081] The material properties determined for the corresponding vulcanizates are summarized in Table 2. Table 2 - Material properties for the 1st test series V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 E1 E2 hardness 69,3 57,8 59,1 71,9 60,2 63,3 51,4 54,5 (Sh. A; RT) tan δ (0 °C) 0,579 0,823 0,591 0,368 0,548 0,281 0,954 0,556 tan δ (70 °C) 0,186 0,174 0,115 0,138 0,138 0,069 0,156 0,103 Δ tan δ 0,393 0,649 0,476 0,230 0,410 0,212 0,798 0,453 T @ tan δ max -23 -3 -18 -33 -18 -30 -5 -17 Abrasion / mm 3 82 106 105 85 87 106 202 156

[0082] It can be seen that the replacement of filler 1 with filler 2 leads to a beneficial increase in the indicator Δ tan δ in the comparison of V2 and E1 or in the comparison between V5 and E2, with the improvement being particularly pronounced at the higher filler contents.

[0083] According to the inventors, it is particularly noteworthy that the indicator Δ tan δ is so high in absolute terms for sample E4 that sample E4 can be regarded as inherently particularly advantageous because the conflict of objectives between rolling resistance and wet grip is resolved so well. C. 2nd series of experiments:

[0084] In the second series of tests, nine vulcanizable rubber compounds were produced, the composition of which is given in Table 3. Table 3 - Vulcanizable rubber compounds according to the 2nd test series (all data in phr) Components V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 E3 E4 E5 polymer 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Filler 1 90 90 - - 90 - - - - Filler 2 - - 90 90 - 90 90 90 90 Resin 1 - 30 - - 30 - 30 30 30 plasticizer oil 30 30 30 - 30 - 30 - - Funk. FI. BR - - - - 15 15 - - 15 Additive 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Additive 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Additive 3 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 Additive 4 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 Silane 6,48 6,48 3,24 3,24 3,24 3,24 3,24 3,24 3,24 Volcano. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Volcano. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Volcano. 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

[0085] The material properties determined for the corresponding vulcanizates are summarized in Table 4. Table 4 - Material properties for the 2nd test series V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 E3 E4 E5 Hardness (Sh. A; RT) 71,8 68,6 58,1 73,5 58 75 52,8 62,3 64,3 tan δ (0 °C) 0,342 0,478 0,199 0,221 0,439 0,202 0,356 0,391 0,330 tan δ (70 °C) 0,164 0,222 0,077 0,085 0,136 0,075 0,099 0,141 0,094 Δ tan δ 0,178 0,256 0,122 0,136 0,303 0,127 0,257 0,250 0,236 T @ tan δ max -41 -33 -35 -35 -28 -43 -25 -28 -30 Abrasion / mm 3 95 142 96 86 109 80 188 117 84

[0086] It can be seen that replacing filler 1 with filler 2, starting with V8, leads to a beneficial decrease in hardness, although the indicator Δ tan δ advantageously remains at a high level. Starting with V3, the advantageously reduced hardness now allows for a reduction in the plasticizer content (cf. E4) or a reduction in the plasticizer content and the use of a liquid functionalized polybutadiene instead of a plasticizer oil. This advantageously results in hardness values ​​that are still below the reference V8 value, while achieving a significant improvement in abrasion resistance.

[0087] The summary of the first and second series of tests shows that, depending on the design of the vulcanizable rubber compound, a better solution to the conflict of objectives between rolling resistance and wet grip and / or better abrasion at a similar hardness can be achieved, so that the overall conflict of objectives of the "magic triangle" of abrasion, rolling resistance and wet grip is advantageously improved by the combination provided according to the invention. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 2536674 C3

[0004] DE 2255577 C3

[0004] WO 2018 / 191187 A1 [0005, 0036, 0037, 0076] WO 2019 / 105614 A1

[0046] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 [0018, 0026, 0027] DIN EN ISO 868:2003-10

[0078] DIN 53513: 1990-03

[0078]

Claims

[1] Vulcanizable rubber composition comprising: a) one or more diene rubbers, b) one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction of 65 phr or more, wherein the one or more fillers are selected from the group consisting of silicon-containing fillers, wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 of 130 m 2 / g or less, and c) one or more organosilicon-modified resins. [2] Vulcanizable rubber mixture according to claim 1, wherein the one or more fillers have a nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) according to DIN ISO 9277:2014-01 of 120 m 2 / g or less [3] A vulcanizable rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the vulcanizable rubber composition comprises the one or more fillers in a combined mass fraction of 70 phr or more. [4] A vulcanizable rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vulcanizable rubber composition comprises the one or more organosilicon-modified resins in a combined mass fraction in the range of 0.5 to 60 phr. [5] Vulcanizable rubber mixture according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of formula II): (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si - T-, II) where the residues R 1 , R 2 and R 3are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom, wherein T is a linear or branched organic compound unit having 1 to 60 non-hydrogen atoms, via which the structural element of formula II) is bonded to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin. [6] Vulcanizable rubber mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the one or more organosilicon-modified resins comprise at least one structural element of formula III): (R 1 R 2 R 3 )Si - U - A - V -, IIII) where the residues R 1 , R 2 and R 3are independently linear or branched organic groups having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein the organic group is at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is bonded to the Si atom via an oxygen atom, wherein U is a linear or branched organic compound unit having 1 to 30 non-hydrogen atoms, wherein A is a heteroatom, wherein V is a linear or branched organic compound unit having 1 to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, via which the structural element of formula III) is attached to the (co)polymer chain of the organosilicon-modified resin. [7] Vulcanizable rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vulcanizable rubber composition comprises 30 phr or less of plasticizers. [8] Vulcanizable rubber mixture according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the vulcanizable rubber mixture comprises one or more liquid polydienes, in particular liquid polybutadiene. [9] Vulcanizate, producible or produced by vulcanization of a vulcanizable rubber mixture according to one of claims 1 to 8. [10] A rubber product comprising a vulcanizate according to claim 9.