CO2 separation device for separating CO2 from a supplied air stream

Abstract

A CO2 separation device (10) for separating CO2 from a supplied air stream (104) is presented, comprising at least one separation chamber (12) having a chamber volume (14) for accommodating a CO2 separation agent (16), wherein the chamber volume (14) is delimited by at least one chamber element (18, 20, 21), in particular a chamber ceiling (18) and / or a chamber floor (20) and / or a chamber wall (21), wherein the chamber volume (14) of the at least one separation chamber (12) is variably adjustable between a CO2 separation process and a CO2 release process by means of a volume changing unit.

Description

Prior ArtThe invention relates to a CO2 abtrennung device for separating CO2(carbon dioxide) from a supplied air stream and to a method for separating CO2from a supplied air stream by means of a CO2 Device having at least one separation chamber having a chamber volume for receiving a CO2 abtrennung means, wherein the chamber volume is bounded by at least one chamber element, in particular a chamber ceiling and / or a chamber floor and / or a chamber wall.In order to limit the heating of the earth's atmosphere, so-called DAC systems (direct air capture) are used to separate or remove CO2(carbon dioxide) from the air.Since the binding of CO2and optionally water to an adsorber material depends on temperature, pressure, concentration, air humidity, etc., all adsorption and desorption systems set up cyclically different conditions in order to separate CO2by the resulting hysteresis. In order to set the desorption conditions, the adsorber material must be temporarily sealed off from the environment and is therefore located in a chamber.In this case, the chamber generally cycles through the following steps:(1) adsorbing the ambient air with the chamber open;(2) closing the chamber and heating the adsorber material and necessarily also the metallic chamber structure;(3) desorption of the CO2and the bound water by supplying heat at reduced pressure (e.g. 200 to 400 mbar) and pumping off the CO2and the vaporous water by means of a vacuum pump;(4) cooling the adsorber material and the chamber and optionally drying the adsorber material to below a critical temperature below which contact with the ambient air no longer leads to increased degeneration of the adsorber material by the atmospheric oxygen;(5) Opening the chamber to the environment, cooling to ambient temperature and thus re-initiating adsorption of CO2 and water from the ambient air.WO 2020 / 212146 A1 discloses a DAC system (Direct Air Capture) with a container solution, wherein six separating chambers arranged in series and operable in parallel are provided with a constant chamber volume in the interior of the container.WO 2021 / 239747 A1 discloses a method for adsorbing and desorption of a sorbent used in cyclic adsorption desorption for collecting CO2directly from atmospheric ambient air or highly diluted sources. After closing the adsorption chamber with the chamber volume remaining the same, steam is injected in order to displace residual oxygen which at elevated temperature would lead to adsorber material degradation.Disclosure of the InventionThe present invention relates to a CO2 abtrennung device according to the type described in the introduction, wherein the chamber volume of the at least one separation chamber is variably adjustable between a CO2 abtrennung operation and a CO2 freisetzungs operation by means of a volume change unit.The present invention also relates to a method according to the type described in the introduction, having the following steps:performing a CO2 separation process or a CO2 releasing process in the chamber volume;adjusting the chamber volume, in particular reducing the chamber volume for a subsequent CO2 freisetzungs process or increasing the chamber volume for a subsequent CO2 abtrennung process by means of a volume change unit; andperforming the CO2 releasing process or the CO2 separating process in the set chamber volume.For a CO2 abtrennung operation or sorption operation, the supplied air stream for CO2 abtrennung / binding should in principle flow through the CO2 abtrennung means or flow past the same with the smallest possible pressure loss, for which reason a large chamber volume is desired or advantageous for the correspondingly airy or loose or bulky arrangement of the CO2 Means. For a CO2 freisetzungs process or desorption process, the chamber volume must be evacuated and the CO2 abtrennung agent heated and subsequently cooled again for the subsequent CO2 abtrennung process or sorption process, for which reason, in turn, a small chamber volume is desired or advantageous for efficient evacuation and energy injection in terms of energy.Consequently, an energy-advantageous process execution is possible by the chamber volume which can be variably adjusted according to the invention, since the chamber volume can be optimally adapted for the respective process, i.e. the CO2 abtrennung process and the CO2 freisetzungs process. In particular, by reducing the chamber volume, the CO2 freisetzungs process can be carried out in a significantly more energy-efficient manner, since in the smaller volume both the outlay for generating vacuum and steam and the energy input required for heating and optionally cooling the correspondingly adapted CO2 abtrennung are significantly reduced. Subsequently, the CO2 abtrennung process can be carried out again in an optimized manner by increasing the chamber volume.The CO2 abtrennung device is configured to separate CO2from a supplied air stream by a CO2 Operation. The term "separating" in the context of the present invention comprises any expedient type of separation or separation of CO2(carbon dioxide) from the air, wherein binding and / or adhesion and / or incorporation and / or absorption of CO2 molekülen takes place on a CO2 abtrennung.In this case, the CO2 abtrennung device can be designed in particular to separate the CO2from the supplied air stream by means of a CO2 abtrennung process, in which the separation takes place with energy output or heat output to the air stream. The CO2 abtrennung process is preferably a sorption process, in particular an adsorption process and / or an absorption process. Accordingly, the CO2can be separated off from it in particular by means of at least one of the following methods or mixed forms:chemical adsorption methodphysical adsorption process- chemical absorption methodphysical absorption methodThe CO2 abtrennung device is further configured to release CO2from the CO2 abtrennung means by a CO2 freisetzungs operation. The term "release" in the context of the present invention comprises any reasonable way of releasing or expelling CO2(carbon dioxide) from the CO2 abtrennung, wherein a solution and / or release and / or release of CO2 molekülen from the CO2 abtrennung takes place.In this case, the CO2 abtrennung device is in particular configured to release or dissolve the CO2from the CO2 abtrennung means by means of a CO2 freisetzungs process in which the CO2is released therefrom with introduction of energy or introduction of heat into the CO2 Means.The CO2 abtrennung operation is preferably a desorption operation. Accordingly, the CO2can be released in particular by means of at least one of the following methods or mixed forms thereof:chemical desorption methodphysical desorption methodThe CO2 abtrennung device is preferably designed to carry out the CO2 abtrennung process and the CO2 freisetzungs process cyclically. In this case, the CO2 abtrennung device is in particular configured to carry out the sorption process and the desorption process cyclically. The basic mode of operation of the CO2 abtrennung device can be carried out, for example, analogously to WO 2020 / 212146 A1 mentioned at the beginning.Within the scope of the present invention, the term "feeding" or "supplied" primarily encompasses an actively carried out or initiated and thus technically controlled or regulated feeding of the air stream by means of a blower unit or fan unit of the CO2 abtrennung device. The term "feeding" or "supplied" can, however, also comprise a passively carried out or initiated feeding of the air flow without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention. Consequently, the air flow can be supplied in any desired manner, for example in a natural manner (as wind).The CO2 abtrennung device has at least one separation chamber. The separation chamber has a chamber volume which is bounded or bounded by at least one chamber element. The chamber element is in particular a chamber ceiling and / or a chamber floor and / or a chamber wall. The separation chamber is preferably bounded by a chamber ceiling and a chamber floor and four chamber walls.The CO2 abtrennung device can have a valve unit with a plurality of, in particular controllable, valves in order to close the separation chamber for the CO2 freisetzungs process. The valve unit may have an inlet valve which is arranged in an inlet duct for the intake air flow and is designed to close the inlet duct and isolate the separation chamber upstream. The valve unit may further comprise an outlet valve arranged in an outlet channel for the CO2-reduced air flow and configured to close the outlet channel and isolate the separation chamber downstream. The valve unit may also have a CO2 valve which is arranged in a CO2 discharge channel for discharging separated CO and is designed to open the CO2 discharge channel in order to discharge the separated / bound and released CO2 from the separation chamber in a targeted manner.The CO2 abtrennung device preferably has a multiplicity of separating chambers which are arranged one above the other and / or next to one another, wherein separating chambers arranged in particular adjacent to one another have at least one common chamber element and / or are fluidically connected to one another and / or can be connected to one another for the CO2 abtrennung process and / or for the CO2 freisetzungs process.The separation chambers can be operable in groups in parallel in the CO2 abtrennung process and in the CO2 freisetzungs process. That is, in other words, when one group of separation chambers is operated in the CO2 abtrennung operation, the other group of separation chambers is operated in the CO2 freisetzungs operation, and vice versa.According to the invention, the chamber volume of the at least one separation chamber can be variably adjusted between a CO2 abtrennung process and a CO2 freisetzungs process by means of a volume change unit. In other words, the chamber volume can be variably adjusted by means of the volume change unit for the CO2 abtrennung process and for the CO2 freisetzungs process. The chamber volume is the volume in or within the chamber or a type of "capacity" of the chamber. The chamber volume is limited by the chamber elements.In this case, the volume change unit is preferably designed to reduce the chamber volume, in particular cyclically from a separation volume for the CO2 abtrennung process to a release volume for the following CO2 Process and to increase it back again to the separation volume for the following CO2 Process.The separation volume represents a maximum adjustable chamber volume and the release volume represents a minimum adjustable chamber volume.Note that the separation volume, i.e., the chamber volume during the CO2 abtrennung operation is formed to be "opened" to supply the air flow to an environment of the CO2 Apparatus, and the release volume, i.e., the chamber volume during the CO2 freisetzungs operation is formed to be closed to the environment of the CO2 Apparatus. The respective chamber volume is always the volume in or within the chamber, even if it is optionally "open".Advantageously, at least one of the chamber elements is designed to be displaceable. Preferably, a distance between at least two of the chamber elements, in particular between the chamber ceiling and the chamber floor and / or between two opposing chamber walls, can be changed. In this case, for example, only the chamber ceiling or the chamber floor or only one of the chamber walls can be designed to be displaceable. The remaining chamber elements are then consequently embodied to be immovable or only partially movable. Preferably, the chamber ceiling and the chamber bottom or the two opposing chamber walls are rigid, whereas the remaining chamber elements are flexible or foldable.Accordingly, the volume change unit is preferably designed to shift the respective chamber element or the respective chamber elements, in particular to change the distance, in order to adjust the chamber volume. In other words, at least one of the chamber elements is designed to be correspondingly displaceable or movably mounted, so that it can be manipulated by means of the volume change unit in such a way that the chamber volume can be variably adjusted. For example, the chamber ceiling and / or the chamber floor can / can be movably mounted centrally or on the four outer corners (or similar).If the CO separation chamber has a plurality of separation chambers arranged one above the other, the additional weight of a separation chamber can be utilized for displacing a chamber element or "compressing" of a separation chamber located beneath it, on account of the received CO2.Preferably, the volume change unit has an actuator and / or a vacuum unit for variable adjustment of the chamber volume. However, the volume change unit can be configured in any manner known to the person skilled in the art, by means of which a volume change of the chamber volume can be realized, in particular by manipulation of at least one of the chamber elements.It is preferable that the CO2 abtrennung device includes a heating unit for heating the CO2 abtrennung agent for the CO2 freisetzungs operation.In this case, the heating unit can have at least one heating surface which is arranged in particular on or in at least one of the chamber elements. The heating surface can be arranged in particular in or on an immovable chamber element, for example the chamber base. The heating surface is preferably designed to be actively heatable, for example by means of heating coils and / or electrical heating elements (for example. Resistance heating elements, Peltier elements, etc.). The heat coupling by means of, for example. Heating coils in a large airy chamber volume are extremely difficult, since due to the low heat conduction the heating coils in the separation chamber have to be passed directly to the CO2 separation means. By setting or reducing the chamber volume, the distance between the CO2 separation means and the chamber elements and optionally also the volume of the CO2 separation means is reduced, so that high heat transfers arise and the heat can be coupled in directly from the chamber elements.Alternatively or additionally, the heating unit can have a water vapor generation unit for introducing hot water vapor or a purge gas generation unit for introducing a purge gas into the chamber volume. In this case, a corresponding connection for the water vapor generation unit for introducing the water vapor can be provided on at least one of the chamber elements, in particular an immovable chamber element, for example the chamber bottom. By adjusting or reducing the chamber volume, advantageously less water vapor has to be introduced.Alternatively or additionally, the heating unit can have a microwave unit. In other words, the heat coupling can take place via the use of microwaves, which is significantly heavier in a large volume. In this case, the CO2 abtrennung means must be designed accordingly or have a carrier medium designed accordingly (for example metallic structures, threads, etc.).It is furthermore advantageous if a cooling unit for cooling the CO2 abtrennung for the CO2 abtrennung operation, wherein the cooling unit has at least one cooling surface which is arranged in particular on or in at least one of the chamber elements. Analogously to the heating surface, the cooling can also be carried out in a significantly more energy-efficient manner as a result.Furthermore, it is advantageous if a sealing unit is provided which is designed to seal the chamber volume for the CO2 freisetzungs process with respect to the environment of the CO2 abtrennung device. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the sealing unita static seal, which is in particular designed as a profile seal and is arranged on at least one of the chamber elements; and / ora dynamic seal which is in particular designed as a sealing bellows and is fastened to at least two of the chamber elements.The static seal can be, in particular, a profile seal.Preferably, at least one of the chamber elements is furthermore designed as a dynamic seal, in particular as a sealing bellows.These types of sealing allow the sealing to be provided very easily, for example by the displacement of a chamber element, so that valves can be partially dispensed with.The CO2 abtrennung agent is preferably disposed in the separation chamber. The CO2 abtrennung agent is preferably solid. The CO2 abtrennung may in particular comprise a solid (appropriately functionalized) sorbent, for example a solid adsorbent and / or a solid absorbent. Accordingly, the CO2 abtrennung agent can have, for example, a fibrous or nonwoven solid as a carrier structure with a base material which is selected from the group consisting of: resins, polymers, ceramics, zeolites, silicates, organometallic compounds, organic materials such as cellulose or activated carbon, and combinations thereof. The base material may in turn be specifically functionalized with amines, potassium carbonate or other components configured to chemically or physically bind CO2.The CO2 abtrennung may be further air-permeable. The CO2 abtrennung may also be pourable.The CO2 abtrennung is advantageously designed to be compressible and / or flexurally slack and / or foldable and / or rollable.The CO2 abtrennung agent preferably comprises cotton balls and / or wipes and / or threads and / or a honeycomb structure and / or plates. It is advantageous in this case ifthe cotton balls are loosely arranged in the chamber volume; and / orthe wipes and / or the threads are fastened to at least two of the chamber elements, in particular to the chamber ceiling and the chamber floor and / or to two mutually opposing chamber walls, or can be rolled into a receiving unit of the CO2 abtrennung device; and / orthe honeycomb structure is fastened to at least two of the chamber elements, in particular to the chamber ceiling and the chamber floor and / or to two chamber walls which are situated opposite one another; and / orthe plates are foldable, in particular in a sectional-door manner.By way of example, mention may be made of CO2 adsorption / absorption on amine compounds, for example Lewatit VP OC 1065, in which first CO2 and water adhere to molecules and then CO2 forms a strong bond by chemical reaction with the cooperation of the water, in order to be effective even at low CO2 concentrations.As a result, the volume of the CO2 abtrennung can be reduced for energy-efficient heating and / or cooling and, if appropriate, can also be pressed onto the heated or cooled chamber element for better heat transfer.The CO2 abtrennung device may further include at least one of the following units:blower unit, in particular having a plurality of fans for supplying the air flow;pumping unit or vacuum pump for providing an overpressure and / or underpressure for the CO2 freisetzungs process or desorption process;sensor unit for the CO2 separation and CO2 release process;control unit for controlling and / or regulating the CO2 separation and CO2 release process.The control unit can be designed to be connected to other control units and / or a central control unit of the CO2 abtrennung device or of a superordinate system by means of radio transmission such as W-LAN, Bluetooth, near-field communication, etc.The CO2 abtrennung device is preferably stationary. In particular, the CO2 abtrennung device can be part of a building climate system, in particular integrated in a climate system within a building. Here, the separation chamber of the CO2 abtrennung device may be incorporated into the air conditioning circuit of the building.DRAWINGSThe invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the attached drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a basic design of a CO2 separation device according to the prior art; FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a CO2 abtrennung device according to the invention; FIG. 3 is a sectional view A-A of the CO2 abtrennung device of FIG. 2 ; FIGS. 4 a- c show representations of a sequence of the variable setting of the chamber volume of the CO2 abtrennung device from FIG. 2 ; FIG. 5 shows the CO2 abtrennung device from FIG. 4 cwith a heating surface and a cooling surface; FIGS. 6a-c show representations of a sequence of the variable setting of the chamber volume of a further embodiment of the CO2 separation device according to the invention; FIGS. 7a-c show representations of a sequence of the variable setting of the chamber volume of a further embodiment of the CO2 separation device according to the invention; FIGS. 8a-c are illustrations of a variable chamber volume adjustment sequence of another embodiment of the CO2 separation device of the present invention; FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of the CO2 separation device according to the invention; FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of the CO2 separation device according to the invention; FIGS. 11 a- b show representations of a sequence of the variable setting of the chamber volumes of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device according to the invention having a plurality of CO2 abtrennung chambers; FIGS. 12 a- b show representations of a sequence of the variable setting of the chamber volumes of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device according to the invention having a plurality of CO2 abtrennung chambers; and FIG. 13 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention for separating CO2 from a fed air stream by means of a CO2 separation device.In the following description of the prior art and preferred exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the different figures and acting in a similar manner, wherein a repeated description of the elements is omitted.FIG. 1 shows a basic design of a CO2 abtrennung device 100 according to the prior art. The CO2 abtrennung device 100 is configured to separate CO2(carbon dioxide) from an air flow 104 supplied by a blower unit 102 by a CO2 abtrennung-releasing operation or CO2 adsorptions-desorption operation.For this purpose, the CO2 abtrennung device 100 has a separation chamber 106 with a chamber volume 108 for receiving a CO2 abtrennung agent 110 or sorbent 110. The chamber volume 110 is defined here by immovable chamber elements 112, 114, 116, i.e. an immovable chamber ceiling 112, an immovable chamber floor 114 and immovable chamber walls 116.The separation chamber 106 has an inlet valve 118 at an inlet duct 120 for the intake air flow 104, which is designed to close the inlet duct 120 and isolate the separation chamber 106 upstream. The separation chamber 106 further comprises an outlet valve 122 at an outlet channel 124 for the CO2-reduced air flow 104', which is configured to close the outlet channel 124 and isolate the separation chamber 106 downstream. The separation chamber 106 also has a CO2 valve 126, which is arranged in a CO2 removal channel 128 and is designed to open the CO2 removal channel 128 in order to discharge adsorbed, i.e. bound / filtered and re-desorbed, i.e. released CO2 and steam-like water from the separation chamber 106.The separated CO2and vaporous water are pumped from the separation chamber 106 by means of a pump unit 130 or vacuum pump 130, wherein a steam condenser 132 arranged outside the separation chamber 106 is connected upstream of the vacuum pump 130.The CO2 abtrennung device 100 also has a heating unit 134, 136 for the CO2 freisetzungs operation or desorption operation, which heating unit comprises a steam generating unit 134 for providing steam and heating coils 136 for additionally heating the sorbent 110. Furthermore, the CO2 abtrennung device 100 has a cooling unit 138 for the CO2 abtrennung process for cooling the sorbent 110.In FIGS. 2 to 12 b, various embodiments of CO2 abtrennung 10 according to the invention are schematically represented either simply or in a sequence. The CO2 abtrennung devices 10 are basically constructed and operable analogously to the CO2 abtrennung device 100 according to FIG. 1.Accordingly, the CO2 abtrennung 10 also have (at least) one separation chamber 12 with a chamber volume 14 for receiving a CO2 abtrennung agent 16 or sorbent 16. In contrast to the CO2 abtrennung device 100 from FIG. 1, however, the chamber volume 14 of the CO2 abtrennung devices 10 can be variably adjusted according to the invention between a CO2 abtrennung process and a CO2 freisetzungs process by means of a volume change unit (not shown). For this purpose, the chamber volume 14 is bounded by chamber elements 18, 20, 21, namely a rigid chamber cover 18, a rigid chamber base 20 and flexible or foldable chamber walls 21.As shown in the sequences of FIGS. 4 a- c, 6 a- c, 7 a- c, 8 a- c, 12 a- band 13 a- b(in each case as sectional views), the volume change unit is designed to reduce the chamber volume 14, in particular cyclically from a separation volume 14- 1 for the CO2 abtrennung process to a release volume 14- 2 for the subsequent CO2 freisetzungs process and to increase it back again to the separation volume 14- 1 for the subsequent CO2 Process.For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiments shown, the chamber ceiling 18 is designed to be displaceable, such that a distance between the displaceable chamber ceiling 18 and the immovable chamber floor 20 can be changed, i.e. can be reduced for the CO2 freisetzungs process and can be increased again for the subsequent CO2 abtrennung process. Consequently, the volume change unit is configured to displace the chamber ceiling 18 or to change the distance between the chamber ceiling 18 and the chamber floor 20 in order to adjust the chamber volume 14. The volume change unit comprises a correspondingly designed actuator (not shown) for variable adjustment of the chamber volume 14. The sorption agent 16 is accordingly configured to be compressible and / or flexurally limp and / or foldable and / or rollable.FIGS. 2 and 3 show a side view and a corresponding sectional view of a first embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 according to the invention. Here, the sorption agent 16 comprises compressible cotton balls which are arranged loosely in the chamber volume 14.The CO2 abtrennung device 10 further comprises a sealing unit 22, which is configured to laterally seal the chamber volume 14 for the CO2 Process with respect to an environment 24 of the CO2 Device 10. In this case, the sealing unit 22 is designed as a static seal 22 or profiled seal 22 and is arranged on the chamber base 20.Referring to Figs. 4a-c, a sequence of variably adjusting the chamber volume 14 of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 of Figs. 2 and 3 is seen, wherein the chamber volume 14 is reduced from the separation volume 14-1 for the CO2 abtrennung operation (Fig. 4a) to the release volume 14-2 for the subsequent CO2 freisetzungs operation (Fig. 4c). In this case, the profile seal 22 seals the release volume 14- 2 laterally.FIG. 5 shows the CO2 abtrennung device 10 during the CO2 freisetzungs process according to FIG. 4 c. However, the CO2 abtrennung device 10 additionally has a heating unit 26 for heating the sorption agent 16 for the CO2 freisetzungs process, which heating unit is designed as a heating surface 26 and is arranged in the immovable chamber base 20. In addition, the CO2 separation device 10 also has a cooling unit 28 for cooling the sorbent 16 for the CO2 separation process, which cooling unit is designed-analogously to the heating surface 26-as a cooling surface 28 and is arranged in the immovable chamber base 20.FIGS. 6 a- c show a sequence of a variable setting of the chamber volume 14 of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 according to the invention, wherein the chamber walls 21 are furthermore designed as a dynamic seal 30 or as a sealing bellows 30.FIGS. 7 a- c show a sequence of a variable adjustment of the chamber volume 14 of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 according to the invention, wherein the sorption agent 16 is formed as a foldable honeycomb structure 16 which is fastened to the chamber ceiling 18 and the chamber floor 20.Figure 8a-c shows a variable chamber volume 14 adjustment sequence of another embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 of the present invention having a foldable honeycomb structure 16 and a sealing bellows 30.Figure 9 shows another embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung 10 of the present invention with a sorbent 16 comprising limp and foldable wipes 16 attached to the chamber ceiling 18 and the chamber floor 20.FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung apparatus 10 according to the invention with a sorption agent 16 which has limp and foldable threads 16 which are fastened to the chamber ceiling 18 and the chamber floor 20.FIGS. 11 a- b show a sequence of a variable setting of the chamber volume 14 of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 according to the invention with a plurality of CO2 abtrennung chambers 12 arranged one above the other, wherein separating chambers 12 arranged adjacent to one another have a common chamber element 18, 20.FIGS. 12 a- b show a sequence of a variable setting of the chamber volume 14 of a further embodiment of the CO2 abtrennung device 10 according to the invention with a plurality of CO2 abtrennung chambers 12 arranged one above the other and next to one another, wherein separating chambers 12 arranged adjacent to one another have a common chamber element 18, 20.FIG. 13 shows a flow diagram of a method 100 according to the invention for separating CO2from a supplied air stream 104 by means of a CO2 abtrennung device 10 having at least one separation chamber 12 having a chamber volume 14 for receiving a CO2 abtrennung 110, wherein the chamber volume 14 is bounded by at least one chamber element 18, 20, 21, in particular a chamber ceiling 18 and / or a chamber floor 20 and / or a chamber wall 21. The method 100 comprises a step of carrying out 102 a CO2 abtrennung process or a CO2 freisetzungs process in the chamber volume 14, the method 100 further comprises a step of setting 104 the chamber volume 14, in particular reducing 104' the chamber volume 14- 1 for a subsequent CO2 freisetzungs process or increasing 104" the chamber volume 14- 2 for a subsequent CO2 Process by means of a volume change unit. The method also includes a step of performing 106 a CO2 freisetzungs operation or a CO2 abtrennung operation in the adjusted chamber volume 14.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedWO 2020 / 212146 A1 [0005, 0016]WO 2021 / 239747 A1

[0006]

Claims

CO2 separation device (10) for separating CO2 from a supplied air stream (104), having at least one separation chamber (12), having a chamber volume (14) for receiving a CO2 separation means (16), wherein the chamber volume (14) is delimited by at least one chamber element (18, 20, 21), in particular a chamber ceiling (18) and / or a chamber floor (20) and / or a chamber wall (21), characterized in that the chamber volume (14) of the at least one separation chamber (12) can be variably adjusted between a CO2 separation process and a CO2 release process by means of a volume change unit.CO2 abtrennung device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume change unit is configured to decrease the chamber volume (14), in particular cyclically from a separation volume (14-1) for the CO2 abtrennung operation to a release volume (14-2) for the following CO2 freisetzungs operation and to increase it back again to the separation volume (14-1) for the following CO2 abtrennung operation.CO2 separation device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21) is designed to be displaceable and the volume change unit is designed to displace it in order to adjust the chamber volume (14).CO2 separation device (10) according to claim 3, characterised in that a distance between at least two of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21), in particular between the chamber ceiling (18) and the chamber bottom (20) and / or between two opposing chamber walls (21) can be changed, wherein the volume change unit is configured to change the distance in order to adjust the chamber volume (14).CO2 separation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume change unit for variably adjusting the chamber volume (14) has an actuator and / or a reduced pressure unit (130).CO2 abtrennung device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya heating unit (26) for heating the CO2 abtrennung means (16) for the CO2 freisetzungs process, wherein the heating unit comprises - at least one heating surface (16), which is arranged in particular on or in at least one of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21); and / or - a water vapor generating unit for introducing hot water vapor into the chamber volume (14-1); and / or - a microwave unit.CO2 separation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya cooling unit for cooling the CO2 separation means (16) for the CO2 separation process, wherein the cooling unit (28) has at least one cooling surface (28), which is arranged in particular on or in at least one of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21).A CO2 separation device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized bya sealing unit (22; 30) which is configured to seal the chamber volume (14-1) for the CO2 release process from an environment of the CO2 separation device (10).CO2 separation device (10) according to claim 8, characterised in that the sealing unit (22; 30) - comprises a static seal (22), which is in particular formed as a profile seal (22) and is arranged on at least one of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21); and / or - comprises a dynamic seal (30), which is in particular formed as a sealing bellows (30) and is fastened to at least two of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21).CO2 separation device (10) according to claim 9, characterised in that at least one of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21) is further constructed as a dynamic seal (30), in particular as a sealing bellows (30).CO2 separation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the CO2 separation means (16) is arranged in the chamber volume (14) and is of compressible and / or flexurally slack and / or foldable and / or rollable design.CO2 separation device (10) according to claim 11, characterized in that the CO2 separation means (16) comprises cotton balls and / or cloths and / or threads and / or a honeycomb structure and / or plates.CO2 abtrennung device (10) according to claim 12, characterised in that - the cotton balls are loosely arranged in the chamber volume (14); and / or - the wipes and / or the threads are fastened to at least two of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21), in particular to the chamber ceiling (18) and the chamber bottom (20) and / or to two chamber walls (21) located opposite each other, or can be rolled into a receiving unit of the CO2 abtrennung device (10); and / or - the honeycomb structure is fastened to at least two of the chamber elements (18, 20, 21), in particular to the chamber ceiling (18) and the chamber bottom (20) and / or to two chamber walls (21) located opposite each other; and / or - the plates can be folded, in particular in a sectional door-like manner.CO2 separation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya multiplicity of separation chambers (12) which are arranged one above the other and / or next to the other, wherein separation chambers (12) arranged adjacent to one another in particular have at least one common chamber element (18, 20, 21) and / or are fluidically connected to one another and / or can be connected to one another for the CO2 separation process and / or for the CO2 release process.Method (100) for separating CO2 from a supplied air stream (104) by means of a CO2 separation device (10) having at least one separation chamber (12) having a chamber volume (14) for receiving a CO2 separation means (16), wherein the chamber volume (14) is bounded by at least one chamber element (18, 20, 21), in particular a chamber ceiling (18) and / or a chamber floor (20) and / or a chamber wall (21), having the steps: - carrying out (102) a CO2 separation process or a CO2 release process in the chamber volume (14); adjusting (104) the chamber volume (14), in particular reducing (104') the chamber volume (14-1) for a subsequent CO2 freisetzungs process or increasing (104") the chamber volume (14-2) for a subsequent CO2 abtrennung process by means of a volume changing unit; and carrying out (106) a CO2 freisetzungs process or a CO2 abtrennung process in the adjusted chamber volume (14).

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