Fastening system for flat roof railings

Abstract

2.1. The object of the invention is to develop a fastening system for flat roof railings (1) which makes it possible to position even all-glass railings quickly, reliably and precisely on site with low manufacturing effort and low transport and assembly effort on the roof surface of a flat roof (2) which has functional and manufacturing-related differences in roof pitch. 2.2. The fastening system according to the invention for flat roof railings (1) with cantilevers (3) that run largely parallel to the roof plane of a flat roof (2) is characterized in that the cantilevers (3) are formed by a special sheet metal profile, which consists of two parallel U-shaped sheet metal profiles (7), wherein in each of the two U-shaped sheet metal profiles (7) of a cantilever (3) an individually adjustable adjustment block (12) is arranged, which is rigidly connected to a base profile (13) which connects the adjustment blocks (12) arranged in the U-shaped sheet metal profiles (7) of several cantilevers (3) to each other, wherein railing mounting rails (29) are fixedly arranged on the base profile (13) itself, in which balcony railing modules, such as those of all-glass railings, are anchored as flat roof railings (1). 2.3. The invention relates to a fastening system for flat roof railings with outriggers (3) which rest without penetration on a flat roof waterproofing (4) of the flat roof (2).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a fastening system for flat roof railings according to the preamble of the main claim.

[0002] Flat roofs are typically covered with waterproofing membranes, such as bitumen sheets. These membranes are usually laid in strips across the roof surface and are melted and thermally welded to it by heating. This seals the roof against moisture penetration.

[0003] Any damage to this membrane creates a moisture leak. Therefore, anchoring systems for roof railings are problematic, as they absolutely require a secure, form-fitting anchor in the roof membrane, which is not possible without penetrating the protective membrane.

[0004] Furthermore, the anchoring devices, which are usually made of metal, create undesirable thermal bridges between the interior of the building and the environment.

[0005] The prior art therefore prescribes different designs of flat roof railings that avoid positive-locking anchoring in the roof membrane, as described, for example, in DE 20 2010 007 537 U1 of the associated EP 2 894 273 A1, in DE 20 2014 100 056 U1 and also in DE 20 2016 100 661 U1.

[0006] All construction types have in common railing posts that rise from the roof surface opposite the flat roof, at the base of which a cantilever equipped with a railing receptacle is connected, which runs largely parallel to the roof plane and can be mounted on the flat roof waterproofing without penetration.

[0007] The aforementioned different designs of flat roof railings propose different solutions for the arrangement of the railing posts on the brackets, as well as for the attachment of the brackets and the attachment of the end of the bracket opposite the railing post to the flat roof waterproofing of the flat roof.

[0008] For example, DE 20 2010 007 537 U1 and the associated EP 2 894 273 A1 propose that, after positioning the railing posts, the cantilever should be at least partially covered in the assembled state, for example with a fastening membrane, and that the fastening membrane should be bonded to the flat roof waterproofing. DE 20 2014 100 056 U1 proposes that tabs in the form of sheet metal strips be welded to both ends of each cantilever.

[0009] In this design as well, after the railing posts are aligned on the flat roof waterproofing membrane, i.e., the roof covering, the tabs are covered with additional sections of the membrane material. These additional sections are then glued or welded onto the underlying membrane.

[0010] In both of the aforementioned roof railing systems, the railing posts, which are attached to the flat roof waterproofing, are connected to each other in a chain-like fashion with horizontal crossbars.

[0011] In the latter design according to DE 20 2014 100 056 U1, the railing posts do not necessarily have to be vertical, but can also be inclined or curved.

[0012] However, all the aforementioned types of fastening systems have in common that they can be used not only for roof railing systems but also for fall protection and for fastening photovoltaic systems or satellite dishes.

[0013] However, all of the aforementioned fastening systems assume that the roof surfaces are predominantly flat.

[0014] Differences in height or slope of the roof surface, which always occur due to the gradients required for rainwater drainage, are accepted in both of the above solutions and can severely impair their stability.

[0015] Furthermore, these construction methods for attaching flat roof railings to flat roofs serve solely to make the flat roofs accessible to trained persons, as they need to be on the roof surfaces of the flat roof, for example for assembly and maintenance work.

[0016] However, such constructions are not suitable for public access, as it is possible to climb over the horizontal beams.

[0017] Furthermore, the solutions described in DE 20 2010 007 537 U1, the associated EP 2 894 273 A1, and DE 20 2014 100 056 U1 are not suitable for public access, as heavy loads that would cause the railing to tip outwards would inevitably lead to the flat roof waterproofing being torn open at the free end of the cantilevers due to the tensile load.

[0018] Another arrangement for aligning and fastening railing posts on flat roofs is described in the teaching according to DE 20 2016 100 661 U1. In this teaching, a base plate is welded to the bracket on the side of the railing post and a load-bearing bracket is welded to the opposite side of the bracket.

[0019] A characteristic feature of this design according to DE 20 2016 100 661 U1 is that a two-axis tilt and height adjustment device is arranged on the base plate to compensate for differences in roof pitch. This device, requiring significant manufacturing and assembly effort, enables the elimination / compensation of the height and roof pitch differences typical of flat roofs, ensuring that all adjacent railing posts are in one plane and their top edges are at the same height. This design also allows the use of prefabricated railing modules (as in the Fig. 4 of DE 20 2016 100 661 U1 shown) can be used in place of horizontal crossbars.

[0020] The stability of the flat roof railing is ensured according to the solution in DE 20 2016 100 661 U1, as described therein. Fig. 4 shown, this is ensured by placing paving slabs on the load-bearing brackets welded to the cantilever, whereby the load-bearing brackets are pressed against the flat roof waterproofing of the roof plane.

[0021] This solution significantly increases the stability of the railing panels by placing the paving slabs on the load-bearing brackets welded to the cantilever.

[0022] Therefore, this solution is also suitable for public access.

[0023] However, the technical design of the aforementioned construction types with adjustable railing posts shows that little attention has been paid so far to the aesthetics and appearance of this flat roof railing.

[0024] In all the solutions presented in DE 20 2010 007 537 U1, the associated EP 2 894 273 A1, and also in the solution presented in DE 20 2014 100 056 U1, the primary focus was on the pure benefit of fall protection, which enabled trained personnel to access the roofs. Therefore, it was logical to select vertical and horizontal pipe constructions for reasons of effectiveness.

[0025] On the railing posts constructed vertically from the roof according to DE 20 2016 100 661 U1, not only bar railing modules but also railing panels can of course be arranged, however the alignment of the railing panels and the fixing of the brackets on the roof surface of the flat roof requires a very high level of effort.

[0026] Due to the mandatory requirement for railing posts extending above the roof surface of the flat roof in this design, even the solution according to DE 20 2016 100 661 U1 cannot guarantee the overall visual impression of an all-glass railing, i.e., without any railing posts. Furthermore, the stability required due to the high glass and wind loads occurring in all-glass railings cannot be guaranteed with the aforementioned state-of-the-art designs.

[0027] Since flat roofs are increasingly common in modern architecture, residential buildings currently account for the largest share of flat roof construction. The advantage of this construction method lies in its cost-efficiency. A flat roof eliminates the need for unnecessarily constructed space (such as an attic).

[0028] In certain regions of Germany, building regulations stipulate that such flat roofs must be greened. These requirements are enforced by the federal government and will therefore become mandatory in the coming years.

[0029] Currently, these building designs are becoming a model in larger cities, particularly in conjunction with so-called urban densification. As a result of this densification, residents can no longer be provided with sufficient green spaces to maintain their accustomed quality of life.

[0030] The idea of ​​offering the green roof as a green oasis to residents is therefore an obvious one. However, a usable and inviting green roof also requires a high-quality railing, such as an all-glass railing, which must then meet all structural requirements and not damage the roof membrane.

[0031] In the prior art, when fixing all-glass railings that must be aligned with very high precision and simultaneously have high static loads and must also withstand high wind loads, it has proven advantageous to align the glass panels in continuous railing mounting rails that are firmly fixed to the edges of the floor slabs of balconies and terraces, and to securely anchor the glass panels in these railing mounting rails.

[0032] Naturally, such all-glass railing mounting rails can also accommodate balcony railing modules in sheet metal or rod railing design.

[0033] In the case of flat roofs, these all-glass railing mounting rails cannot be anchored directly in the building structure (e.g. in the concrete slab) as is usual for balconies and terraces, in order to avoid damage to the sealing of the roof surface or the roof membrane of the flat roofs.

[0034] However, all previously described designs of fastening systems for flat roof railings are unsuitable. Positioning and fixing all-glass railings precisely on the roof surface of a flat roof, taking into account the functional and manufacturing-related differences in roof pitch, is challenging. The fastening system for such all-glass railings must be able to withstand not only high static loads but also high wind loads and transfer them to the roof surface without damaging the roof's waterproofing membrane.

[0035] The invention is therefore based on the objective of creating a fastening system for flat roof railings that enables, without welding and with minimal manufacturing effort, the simple, quick and reliable on-site positioning of even all-glass railings on the roof surface of a flat roof with functional and manufacturing-related differences in roof pitch, with minimal transport and assembly effort, and fixing them without penetrating the roof membrane in such a way that the fastening system can withstand the very high loads occurring under test conditions, and after on-site assembly can also absorb very high wind loads and transfer them safely to the roof surface of the flat roof in such a way that the roof membrane of the flat roof is not damaged in any way.

[0036] This problem is solved according to the invention by a fastening system for flat roof railings (1) with the features of claim 1.

[0037] Advantageous embodiments, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following ten illustrations of the solution according to the invention.

[0038] The invention will be explained in more detail in conjunction with 10 figures. In the Fig. Figure 1 is: a section of the fastening system according to the invention for flat roof railings 1 with cantilevers 3 running largely parallel to the roof plane of the flat roof 2, shown spatially; The Fig. 2 shows: the representation according to Fig. 1 in an exploded view; The Fig. 3 shows: detail X according to Fig. 1 in a spatial exploded view; In the Fig. 4 is: the railing receiving area 5 of the boom 3 according to the invention, analogously Fig. 3, however, in the assembled state and without the washer 20 as well as without the fastening screw 22, with an adjusting block 12 in three different adjustment heights H shown in the side view; The Fig. Figure 5 shows: an assembly of the fastening system according to the invention for flat roof railings 1 in a top view, shown in a longitudinal section; In the Fig. 6 are: the three different adjustment heights H of the adjustment block 12 according to the Fig. 4, now on average at AA according to Fig. 5, shown in the final assembly state; The Fig. Figure 7 shows three different representations of the cross slope of the base profile 13, which, due to the solution according to the invention, in conjunction with the arrangement according to the invention of two adjusting blocks 12 in the railing mounting area 5 of the boom 3, due to the, in the Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 shown, according to the invention, a variation of the setting height H is possible, and a variation of the cross slope angle α is achieved; The Fig. Figure 8 shows: the railing mounting area 5 of the boom 3 according to the invention, in the assembled state and with washer 20, fastening screw 22, adjusting block 12 and a base profile 13 rigidly connected to it, in the side view, with fixed setting height H and a representation of the longitudinal inclination angle β in the side view; The Fig. 9 shows: a top view of the area in the Fig. 8 illustrated assembly according to the invention; The Fig. 10 show: on average at BB, according to Fig. 9, in three different representations the variation of the longitudinal inclination angle β of the basic profile 13 possible according to the invention.

[0039] The fastening system for flat roof railings 1 with cantilevers 3 running largely parallel to the roof plane of a flat roof 2, which rest without penetration on a flat roof waterproofing 4 of the flat roof 2, wherein a railing mounting area 5 is arranged at one of the two free ends of each cantilever 3 and a stabilizing area 6 is arranged opposite this railing mounting area 5 on the cantilever 3, and several cantilevers 3 are always arranged next to each other on the flat roof waterproofing 4 of the flat roof 2 in such a way that the railing mounting areas 5 arranged on the cantilevers 3 are spaced apart from each other, is in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown. The essential aspect of the invention is that the [unclear] in the Fig. 2 and Fig. The cantilever 3 shown in Figure 3 is formed by a special sheet metal profile consisting of two parallel U-shaped sheet metal profiles 7, each formed by an inner leg 8 and an outer leg 9, which are connected to each other at their lower ends by means of a bottom flange 10. These parallel U-shaped sheet metal profiles 7 are also rigidly connected to each other along the upper edges of their adjacent inner legs 8 by a top flange 11. A characteristic feature is that, as shown in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown, in the railing mounting area 5, in each of the two U-shaped sheet metal profiles 7 of a boom 3 an adjusting block 12 is arranged, which is rigidly connected to a base profile 13, which connects the adjusting blocks 12 arranged in the U-shaped sheet metal profiles 7 of several booms 3 together.

[0040] It is advantageous if, as in the Fig. Figure 3 shows that the base profile 13 is firmly connected to the adjusting blocks 12 arranged in the U-shaped sheet metal profiles 7 of the cantilevers 3 by means of base profile fastening screws 35, which are arranged in the base profile through holes 36 of the base profile 13 and screwed into the base profile fastening threaded holes 37 of the adjusting blocks 12.

[0041] It is also essential to the invention that, as in the Fig. Figure 3 shows that in each of the adjusting blocks 12 a fastening threaded bore 15 is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 14 of the cantilevers 3, wherein these fastening threaded bores 15 arranged in the adjusting blocks 12 are assigned rectangular adjusting openings 16 in the adjacent outer legs 9 of the U-sheet profiles 7, which have an adjusting toothing 17 on their vertically extending longitudinal sides.

[0042] According to the invention, it is also the case that, as in the Fig. 3 and Fig. Figure 4 shows that height-adjustable fixing plates 18 are arranged in the adjustment openings 16, on whose two vertically extending side walls an adjusting toothing 17 is also arranged, which engages with the adjusting toothing 17 arranged in the vertically extending longitudinal sides of the adjustment openings 16, wherein through holes 19 associated with the fastening threaded holes 15 are arranged centrally in the fixing plates 18.

[0043] It is also characteristic that, as in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 explosively, shown, on the outer legs 9 of the U-sheet profiles 7 in the area of ​​the rectangular adjustment openings 16, on both sides outside the boom 3, a washer 20 with a disc bore 21 and a fastening screw 22 arranged in the disc bore 21 is arranged, which protrudes through the through bore 19 of the fixing plate 18, which is fixed in position in the associated adjustment opening 16, and is screwed into the fastening thread bore 15 of the adjusting block 12 arranged in the respective U-sheet profile 7.

[0044] The arrangement according to the invention enables, before clamping the U-shaped sheet metal profile 7 against the respective adjusting block 12 by means of the associated washer 20 and the associated fastening screw 22, a [position] to be formed in the Fig. 4 and Fig. 6. Height adjustment of the support 3 for the base profile 13, as shown, to adjust the setting height H as a result of the also in the Fig. 4 and Fig. to realize the “height adjustment” of the fixing plate 18 shown in Figure 6 in its rectangular adjustment opening 16.

[0045] In addition to this "height adjustment", the arrangement according to the invention, due to the arrangement of two adjusting blocks 12 in a boom 3, allows, before the U-shaped sheet metal profile 7 is clamped against the respective adjusting block 12 by means of the associated washer 20 and the associated fastening screw 22, in addition to the adjustment in the Fig. 4 and Fig. The height adjustment shown in section 6 also shows how to adjust the height as described in the Fig. Figure 7 shows an adjustment of the "lateral inclination" of the support 3 for the base profile 13 by the transverse inclination angle α as a result of the in the Fig. 7 shown “offset” of the fixing plate 18 in its rectangular adjustment opening 16. It is also essential to the invention that the adjustment blocks 12 in the final assembly state project beyond the width of the base profile 13 on both sides by one adjustment web 23, wherein adjustment threaded bores 24 are arranged in the adjustment webs 23 arranged on both sides of the mounted base profile 13, in which adjustment threaded pins 25 are screwed.

[0046] The arrangement of adjusting threaded pins 25 according to the invention enables, before the U-shaped sheet metal profile 7 is clamped against the respective adjusting block 12 by means of the associated washer 20 and the associated fastening screw 22, in addition to the height adjustment of the support 3 for the base profile 13 by the adjustment height H and the adjustment of the transverse inclination of the support for the base profile 13 by the transverse inclination angle α, also the adjustment of the Fig. 8 and Fig. Figure 10 shows the adjustment of the longitudinal inclination of the support 3 for the base profile 13 by the longitudinal inclination angle β according to the invention.

[0047] A further characteristic is that, as in the Fig. 2 shown, a clamping groove 26 is arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction of the base profile 13, in which slot blocks 27 are slidably mounted, with clamping bores 28 arranged in the slot blocks 27.

[0048] It is essential that, as in the Fig. 1 shown, in the clamping bores 28 of the T-nuts 27 railing mounting rails 29 are firmly screwed by means of clamping screws 30, wherein balcony railing modules in the form of all-glass railings (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) or also in the form of sheet metal or rod railing construction, as flat roof railings 1. According to the invention, a corresponding cover plate 31 is also arranged on the stabilizing area 6 of each cantilever 3.

[0049] It is advantageous if the cover plates 31 are designed as sheet metal parts which have a receiving web 33 for the stabilization area 6 of the outriggers 3 and two load-bearing plates 34 rigidly arranged on both sides of the receiving web 33.

[0050] It is advantageous that the receiving web 33 of each cover plate 31 is firmly screwed to the upper chord 11 by means of sheet metal screws 32 (self-drilling screws) in the stabilization area 6 of the associated boom 3.

[0051] The placement of concrete slabs and / or layers of gravel, pebbles, sand or earth on the cover plates 31 then serves to press the stabilizing area 6 of the outriggers 3 against the flat roof waterproofing 4 of the flat roof 2 and thus to fix the outriggers 3 securely on the flat roof waterproofing 4 of the flat roof 2 without damaging the flat roof waterproofing 4.

[0052] The solution according to the invention has thus made it possible to develop a fastening system for flat roof railings which eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art and enables, without welding constructions and with minimal manufacturing effort, even all-glass railings to be positioned effectively, quickly, reliably and precisely on the roof surface of a flat roof with functional and manufacturing-related differences in roof pitch, and without penetrating the roof membrane plane, in such a way that the fastening system not only withstands the very high loads occurring under test conditions, but can also absorb high wind loads and transfer them safely to the roof surface of the flat roof in such a way that the sealing of the roof surface, the roof membrane plane, is not damaged in any way. Reference symbol compilation 1 flat roof railing 2 flat roof 3 outriggers 4 Flat roof waterproofing 5 railing recording area 6 stabilization range 7 U-shaped sheet metal profile 8 Inner thighs 9 outer thighs 10 Ground strap 11 Upper chord 12 Adjustment blocks 13 Basic profile 14 Longitudinal axis 15 Mounting threaded holes 16 Adjustment opening 17 Positioning gear 18 Fixing plate 19 Through-hole 20 washers 21 disc bore 22 Mounting screw 23 Adjustment bridge 24 adjustable threaded holes 25 Adjustment threaded pin 26 clamping groove 27 Nutstein 28 clamping holes 29 railing mounting rail 30 clamping screw 31 Cover plate 32 sheet metal screws 33 Access Bridge 34 Load-bearing plate 35 Base profile fastening screw 36 Base profile through hole 37 Base profile mounting threaded hole H Adjustment height α Cross slope angle β Longitudinal inclination angle QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 20 2010 007 537 U1 [0005, 0008, 0017, 0024] EP 2 894 273 A1 [0005, 0008, 0017, 0024] DE 20 2014 100 056 U1 [0005, 0008, 0011, 0017, 0024] DE 20 2016 100 661 U1 [0005, 0018, 0019, 0020, 0025, 0026]

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