Electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical energy storage device (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (2) defining a receiving space (3), which housing has at least one housing part (5) at least partially defining the receiving space (3), which housing part has a side wall (9) as the first wall, which at least partially defines the receiving space (3) in a first direction (10), and a second wall (13) which at least partially defines the receiving space (3) in a second direction (14) running obliquely or perpendicularly to the first direction (10), and a corner region (E) formed by the walls (9, 13), and comprising storage cells (8) arranged in the receiving space (3) for storing electrical energy, comprising at least one storage cell (8) formed separately from the walls (9, 13), arranged in the corner region (E), extending across a corner, completely spaced apart from the storage cells (8) and directly connected to the walls (9,13) attached stiffening element (16) by means of which the corner area (E) is stiffened.,

Description

The invention relates to an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.DE 10 2016 203 553 A1 discloses a battery assembly having a battery housing which has a trough-shaped battery carrier made of a plastic or a fiber-reinforced plastic with a carrier base and a carrier wall and a battery cover covering the battery carrier. Furthermore, DE 10 2020 003 433 B3 discloses a body structure for a vehicle, having two side sills spaced apart from one another in the vehicle transverse direction, which each have a cavity bounded in the vehicle transverse direction outwards by an outer wall, in the vehicle transverse direction inwards by an inner wall, in the vehicle vertical direction upwards by an upper chord and in the vehicle vertical direction downwards by a lower chord of the respective side sill.It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle having at least one such electrical energy store, such that a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store can be realized.This object is achieved according to the invention by an electrical energy store having the features of patent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 9. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims and the description.A first aspect of the invention relates to an electrical energy store for a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger vehicle, has the electrical energy store in its completely produced state, by means of which electrical energy is to be stored or stored, in particular electrochemically. The electrical energy store is preferably a high-voltage component, the electrical voltage of which, in particular an electrical operating voltage or rated voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and is very preferably several hundred volts. The electrical energy store is very preferably a battery, in particular a secondary battery, wherein the electrical energy store is very preferably a high-voltage battery (HV battery). For example, the motor vehicle in its completely produced state has at least one electric machine, which can be supplied with the electrical energy stored or to be stored in the electrical energy store and can thereby be operated in a motor mode and thus as an electric motor, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically, in particular purely. The motor vehicle is thus preferably an electric vehicle, in particular a battery-electric vehicle. The electric machine is very preferably a high-voltage component, the electrical voltage of which, in particular, an electrical operating voltage or rated voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and is very preferably several hundred volts.The electrical energy store has a housing, by which a receiving space is delimited, in particular directly. In particular, the receiving space is bounded, in particular directly, by an inner-circumferential lateral surface of the housing. The housing is also referred to as a storage housing or battery housing. The housing has at least one housing part, by means of which the receiving space is at least partially and preferably directly delimited. Thus, for example, the housing part has at least a part of the outer circumferentially containing lateral surface, wherein the receiving space is at least partially and preferably directly delimited by the part of the inner circumferentially containing lateral surface. The housing part has a side wall which at least partially and preferably directly delimits the receiving space in a first direction and which is also referred to as a first wall or is a first wall of the housing part. The housing part also has a second wall which extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the first wall and therefore extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the first wall and by means of which the receiving space is at least partially and preferably directly delimited in a second direction which extends obliquely or perpendicularly to be provided. Thus, for example, the first wall forms a first subregion of the part of the inner-circumferentially containing lateral surface, and for example the second wall forms a second subregion of the part of the inner-circumferentially containing lateral surface. In the installation position of the electrical energy store, which assumes its installation position in the completely produced state of the motor vehicle having the electrical energy store, the first direction runs, for example, in a first plane which is spanned, for example, by the vehicle longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle and the vehicle transverse direction of the motor vehicle. In the installation position of the electrical energy store, for example, the second direction runs in a second plane which runs perpendicular to the first plane, wherein in particular the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle runs in the second plane. For example, the second direction extends downward in the vehicle vertical direction in the installation position of the electrical energy store, such that, for example, the second wall is a base of the housing part and thus of the housing, by the base of which the receiving space is at least partially and preferably directly delimited downward in the vehicle vertical direction in the installation position of the electrical energy store. It is furthermore conceivable for the second direction to extend upward in the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle in the installation position of the electrical energy store, such that, for example, the second wall is a ceiling of the housing part and thus of the housing (storage housing), the ceiling of which at least partially and preferably directly delimits the receiving space upward in the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle in the installation position of the electrical energy store. It is thus conceivable for the housing part to be a cover of the housing, also referred to as a housing cover. In particular, the housing part can be designed in the form of a shell or trough. For example, the first wall and the second wall are formed integrally with one another, that is to say are formed from a single piece. This is to be understood in particular to mean that the first wall and the second wall are not formed separately from one another and are connected to one another, but preferably the first wall and the second wall are formed integrally, that is to say integrally with one another and are thus formed from a single piece, such that the first wall and the second wall are formed by a one-piece body, which is therefore formed integrally and is thus formed from a single piece, is formed as a monoblock and is thus produced integrally.Due to the fact that the walls extend obliquely or perpendicularly to one another, and in particular due to the fact that the walls directly adjoin one another, such that preferably no other, further wall of the housing part is arranged between the walls, the housing part has a corner region formed by the walls, which corner region is bounded in the first direction by the first wall and in the second direction by the second wall, in particular directly in each case, and is, for example, a part of the receiving space. If the walls are mentioned above and below, unless otherwise stated, these are to be understood as meaning the first wall and the second wall.The electrical energy store furthermore has storage cells which are formed separately from the housing and are also referred to simply as cells and by means of which, in particular in which, the electrical energy is to be stored or stored, in particular electrochemically. In particular, the memory cells are formed separately from one another and are thus formed as separate individual cells. Preferably, the storage cells are electrically connected to one another. The storage cells are arranged in the receiving space. In particular, the storage cells are each arranged completely in the receiving space. Thus, it is provided in particular that the storage cells are each arranged at least partially in the housing part.In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store, it is provided according to the invention that the electrical energy store has at least one stiffening element which is formed separately from the walls and also separately from the storage cells and is arranged in the corner region and extends over a corner and is completely spaced apart from the storage cells, by means of which stiffening element the corner region is stiffened, so that the stiffening element is also referred to as a corner stiffening or corner angle. The stiffening element is connected directly to the walls, i.e. directly connected to the walls. By means of the stiffening element, for example, in the event of an accident-induced force application acting, for example, in the aforementioned first plane and, for example, from outside the housing in the direction of the storage cells, Beuel kinematics of the housing part can be positively influenced, such that, for example, an occurrence of an excessive bulge can be avoided. In particular, for example, in the event of such an accident-induced application of force by means of the stiffening element, at least one partial region of the housing part can be deflected in the second direction. This has the result that no excessive additional blocking agent can be pushed, in particular laterally, into the storage cells, whereby an excessive cell intrusion can be avoided. The invention thus enables advantageous protection of the storage cells, wherein excessively high wall thicknesses or wall thicknesses of the housing and an excessively high number of additional structures such as, for example, metal sheets can be avoided. As a result, a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store can be represented in a weight- and space-effective and cost-effective manner.In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store, it is provided in one embodiment of the invention that the first of the storage cells are arranged successively in the first direction and thereby form a first row of cells running in the first direction. This means in particular that the first storage cells are arranged successively along a first straight line which coincides with the first direction or runs parallel to the first direction and runs through the first storage cells, that is to say intersects the first storage cells. Second of the memory cells are arranged consecutively in the first direction and thereby form a second cell row running in the first direction, which is arranged next to the first cell row in a third direction running perpendicular to the first direction and obliquely or perpendicular to the second direction. This means in particular that the second storage cells are arranged in succession along a second straight line which coincides with the first direction or runs parallel to the first direction and runs through the second storage cell, that is to say intersects the second storage cells, wherein the second straight line runs parallel to the first straight line and is spaced apart from the first straight line in the third direction. The second cell row is arranged offset back in a fourth direction opposite the first direction and in particular running parallel to the first direction with respect to the first cell row and away from the stiffening element. In this case, it is provided that the stiffening element is arranged completely offset in the fourth direction with respect to the first cell row and at the height of the second cell row, as a result of which the stiffening element adjoins the second cell row in the first direction and thus along the second straight line. In other words, the stiffening element thus adjoins the second cell row in an extension of the second cell row. As a result, due to the rearward displacement of the second cell row, available installation space can be used in order to arrange the stiffening element there or therein, so that a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store can be presented in a manner which is particularly favourable for installation space.A further embodiment is characterized in that the stiffening element has a wall region facing the storage cells and running obliquely to the first direction and obliquely to the second direction. If, for example, such an accident-induced displacement of the stiffening element occurs that the stiffening element is displaced in the direction of the storage cells and comes, for example, into at least indirect or direct support insert with the storage cells, the oblique wall region and thus the stiffening element can slide off on the storage cells, in particular obliquely to the first direction and obliquely to the second direction, as a result of which, for example, excessive, unfavorable bead formation can be avoided. This makes it possible to avoid excessive intrusion into the storage cells.In order to be able to protect the storage cells in a particularly cost- and weight-saving manner, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the receiving space is free of a foam which directly touches the storage cells and the stiffening element.In order to be able to protect the storage cells particularly advantageously, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that a foam which directly contacts the storage cells and the stiffening element and is provided in addition to the storage cells and in addition to the stiffening element and in which the storage cells and the stiffening element are respectively at least partially embedded is accommodated in the accommodation space. In particular, it is conceivable for the storage cells to be connected to one another by means of the foam, in particular to be adhesively bonded to one another. Loads caused by an accident can be supported and / or distributed particularly advantageously via the foam, as a result of which the storage cells can be protected particularly well.A further embodiment is characterized in that the stiffening element is formed in one piece, and is therefore formed from a single piece. This means that the stiffening element is not composed of a plurality of parts which are formed separately from one another and are connected to one another, but rather the stiffening element is preferably formed from a single piece and is therefore formed as a monoblock, and is therefore formed by a body which is formed as a monoblock and is therefore integrally produced and is formed from a single piece. As a result, the storage cells can be advantageously protected in a particularly cost-effective manner.In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the stiffening element is formed from a metallic material, in particular from a steel or from a light metal, or from a plastic, in particular from a fiber-reinforced plastic. As a result, a particularly advantageous rigidity of the stiffening element itself can be realized in a weight-favourable manner, as a result of which the storage cells can be protected particularly advantageously from excessive intrusions.Finally, it has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the stiffening element is directly connected to the walls by adhesive bonding and / or welding, in particular spot welding and / or all-round welding. This makes it possible to achieve a simple, space-saving and cost-effective connection of the stiffening element to the walls, as a result of which the storage cells can be protected particularly advantageously, in particular from excessive intrusions.A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle which is also referred to simply as a vehicle and is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger vehicle, and which has at least one electrical energy store according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous configuration of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments with the associated drawings. The following shows: FIG. 1 shows a motor vehicle, having at least one stiffening element according to a first embodiment; FIG. 2 shows a schematic and partially cut perspective view of the electrical energy store according to FIG. 1 ; FIG. 3 shows a schematic bottom view of a portion of a housing part of the electrical energy store according to FIGS. 1 and 2 ; FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the stiffening element according to the first embodiment; FIG. 5 shows a schematic bottom view of the housing part with a second embodiment of the stiffening element; FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the stiffening element according to the second embodiment; and FIG. 7 shows a further schematic perspective view of the stiffening element according to the second embodiment.In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with identical reference symbols.FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a portion of an electrical energy store 1 for a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car. The electrical energy store 1, which is also referred to simply as an energy store or store, has a housing 2 which delimits a receiving space 3, in particular directly. In particular, the receiving space 3 is delimited by an inner-circumferential lateral surface 4 of the housing 2, in particular directly. The housing 2 has at least two housing parts which are formed separately from one another and are connected to one another at least indirectly, in particular directly, namely a first housing part 5 and a second housing part 6. This means that the housing part 5 delimits a first part of the receiving space 3 and the housing part 6 delimits a second part of the receiving space 3, in particular directly. Thus, the housing part 5 has a first part T 1 of the inner-circumferential lateral surface 4 and the housing part 6 has a second part T 2 of the inner-circumferential lateral surface 4, wherein the first part of the receiving space 3, in particular directly, is delimited by the first part T 1 and the second part of the receiving space 3, in particular directly, is delimited by the second part T 2. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the respective housing part 5, 6 is at least substantially trough-shaped. In the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, the housing part 5 is a housing cover of the housing 2, which is also referred to simply as a cover, wherein the housing part 5 adjoins the housing part 6 upwards in the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle in the installed position of the electrical energy store 1. Thus, the housing part 5 is also referred to as the upper housing part or upper part, and the housing part 6 is also referred to as the lower part or lower housing part. The electrical energy store 1 assumes its installation position in the completely produced state of the motor vehicle having the electrical energy store 1, wherein the installation position of the electrical energy store 1 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. 1, the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle is illustrated by a double arrow 7.The electrical energy store 1 has storage cells 8 which are formed separately from the housing 2 and are arranged, in particular completely, in the receiving space 3 and are also referred to simply as cells. Electrical energy, in particular electrochemically, is to be stored or stored by means of the cells and the storage cells are preferably electrically connected to one another.The housing part 5 has a side wall 9 which partially and directly delimits the receiving space 3 in a first direction and is also referred to as a first wall or is a first wall of the housing part 5. The first direction is illustrated by an arrow 10 and runs, for example, in a first plane which is spanned by the vehicle longitudinal direction and in the vehicle transverse direction of the motor vehicle. In the present case, the vehicle longitudinal direction runs perpendicular to the image plane of FIG. 1, wherein the vehicle longitudinal direction is illustrated by a double arrow 11. The vehicle transverse direction runs in the image plane of FIG. 1 and is illustrated by a double arrow 12. It can be seen that the vehicle longitudinal direction runs perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction and perpendicular to the vehicle transverse direction, and the vehicle transverse direction runs perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction, and the vehicle vertical direction runs perpendicular to the vehicle transverse direction and perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal direction. The housing part 5 also has a second wall 13 which partly and in the present case directly delimits the receiving space 3 in a second direction and runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the side wall 9. The second direction is illustrated by an arrow 14 and runs obliquely or in the present case perpendicularly to the first direction illustrated by the arrow 10. The second direction runs in a second plane running perpendicular to the first plane, in which the vehicle vertical direction also runs. In the present case, for example, the second direction runs in the second plane, which in the present case is spanned, for example, by the vehicle transverse direction and the vehicle vertical direction.The housing part 5 also has a corner region E formed by the walls, and therefore by the side wall 9 and second wall 13, which in the present case is free of the storage cells 8.It can be seen particularly well from FIG. 2 that the housing parts 5 and 6 are connected to one another via respective joining flanges 15, in particular directly, in particular in such a way that the joining flanges 15 are screwed to one another, in particular directly.In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous accident behavior of the electrical energy store 1, the electrical energy store 1 has at least one stiffening element 16 which is formed separately from the side wall 9, separately from the second wall 13 and separately from the storage cells 8 and is arranged in the corner region E and extends there over a corner and is completely spaced apart from the storage cells 8 and is directly connected to the walls, therefore directly to the side wall 9 and directly to the second wall 13, by means of which stiffening element the corner region E is stiffened, that is to say is stiffened. The stiffening element 16 is inherently rigid, that is to say dimensionally stable solid body, and is also referred to as corner angle or corner stiffening.FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the stiffening element 16, this first embodiment also being shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 3 shows a schematic bottom view of a portion of the housing part 5, wherein a plurality of, at least or exactly three, stiffening elements 16 are arranged in the corner region, which, in the installed position of the electrical energy store 1, are arranged successively in the vehicle longitudinal direction (double arrow 11) and in each case completely spaced apart from one another. In addition, the reinforcing elements 16 are each formed separately from one another.In FIG. 3, first of the memory cells 8 is denoted by 17 and second of the memory cells 8 by 18. It can be seen that the first storage cells 17 are arranged successively in the first direction (arrow 10) and thereby form a first cell row Z 1 running in the first direction. The second memory cells 18 are arranged successively in the first direction and thereby form a second cell row Z 2 running in the first direction. The second cell row Z 2 is arranged next to the first cell row Z 1 in a third direction running perpendicular to the first direction and obliquely or in the present case perpendicular to the second direction and illustrated by an arrow 19. In addition, the second cell row Z 2 is arranged offset back in a fourth direction opposite the first direction (arrow 10), illustrated by an arrow 20, with respect to the first cell row Z 1 and away from the stiffening element 16. In this case, the stiffening element 16 is arranged completely offset in the fourth direction with respect to the first cell row Z 1 and at the height of the second cell row Z 2, as a result of which the stiffening element 16 adjoins the second cell row Z 2 in the first direction and thus in extension of the second cell row Z 2.FIG. 4 shows the stiffening element 16 according to the first embodiment in a schematic perspective view. The stiffening element 16 has a joining flange 21, which has a first subregion TB 1 and a second subregion TB 2. The first sub-region TB 1 is directly connected to the side wall 9 and the second sub-region TB 2 is directly connected to the second wall 13. In addition, in the first embodiment, the stiffening element 16 is formed in one piece, and is therefore formed from a single piece. The stiffening element 16 has a wall region WB facing the storage cells 8, in particular the second storage cells 18, running obliquely to the first direction and obliquely to the second direction.FIGS. 5 to 7 illustrate a second embodiment of the stiffening element 16, designated A2, The second embodiment has a substantially greater extension in the fourth direction than the first embodiment. In addition, for example, the stiffening element 16 in the second embodiment is at least substantially wedge-shaped. In the present case, adhesive elements 22 designed as adhesive pads and designed, for example, as solids can be seen in FIG. 6, by means of which the stiffening element 16 is bonded to the walls, that is to say to the side wall 9 and to the second wall 13. Thus, for example, the stiffening element 16 is connected to the walls by adhesive bonding. FIG. 7 shows the stiffening element 16 without the adhesive elements 22.List of reference characters1 Electrical energy store 2 housing deck 3 receiving space 4 inner-circumferential lateral surface 5 first housing part 6 second housing part 7 double arrow 8 storage cells 9 side wall 10 arrow 11 double arrow 12 double arrow 13 second wall 14 arrow 15 joining flanges 16 stiffening element 17 first storage cells 18 second storage cells 19 arrow 20 arrow 21 joining flange 22 adhesive element A 2 second embodiment E corner region T 1 first part T 2 second part TB 1 first subregion TB 2 second subregion WB wall regionReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2016 203 553 A1

[0002] DE 10 2020 003 433 B3

[0002]

Claims

Electrical energy store (1) for a motor vehicle, having a housing (2) which delimits a receiving space (3) and which has at least one housing part (5) which delimits the receiving space (3) at least partially and which has a side wall (9) which delimits the receiving space (3) at least partially in a first direction (10) as a first wall and a second wall (13) which delimits the receiving space (3) at least partially in a second direction (14) which runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the first direction (10) and runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the first wall (9) and a corner region (E) which is formed by the walls (9, 13), and having storage cells (8) which are arranged in the receiving space (3) and are intended for storing electrical energy, characterized byat least one storage cell (8) which is formed separately from the walls (9, 13) and is arranged in the corner region (E) and extends over a corner, Reinforcing element (16) which is completely spaced apart from the storage cells (8) and is directly connected to the walls (9, 13) and by means of which the corner region (E) is reinforced.Electrical energy store (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that: - first of the storage cells (8) are arranged successively in the first direction (10) and thereby form a first cell row (Z1) running in the first direction (10); - second of the storage cells (8) are arranged successively in the first direction (10) and thereby form a second cell row (Z2) running in the first direction (10), which is arranged next to the first cell row (Z1) in a third direction (19) running perpendicular to the first direction (10) and obliquely or perpendicularly to the second direction (14); - the second cell row (Z2) is arranged in a fourth direction (20) opposite the first direction (10), set back with respect to the first cell row (Z1) and away from the stiffening element (16); and - the stiffening element (16) is arranged completely offset in the fourth direction (20) with respect to the first cell row (Z1) and at the height of the second cell row (Z2), as a result of which the stiffening element (16) adjoins the second cell row (Z2) in the first direction (10).Electrical energy store (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stiffening element (16) has a wall region (WB) which faces the storage cells (8) and runs obliquely with respect to the first direction (10) and obliquely with respect to the second direction (14).Electrical energy store (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving space (3) is free of foam which directly touches the storage cells (8) and the stiffening element (16) in each case.Electrical energy store (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the receiving space (3) receives a foam which directly touches the storage cells (8) and the stiffening element (16) in each case and is provided in addition to the storage cells (8) and in addition to the stiffening element (16), in which foam the storage cells (8) and the stiffening element (16) are in each case at least partially embedded.Electrical energy store (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening element (16) is formed in one piece.Electrical energy store (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening element (16) is formed from a metallic material or from a plastic.Electrical energy store (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening element (16) is connected directly to the walls (9, 13) by adhesive bonding and / or welding.Motor vehicle, having at least one electrical energy store (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

Images