Electrical connector assembly with floating mating surface

Abstract

A connector assembly (200) is described, comprising an electrical connector (210) which includes a housing (230) with a contact channel (238) and a contact (222) held in the contact channel. The contact is connected at one end (214) to a cable. The cable (214) extends from the housing. The electrical connector includes a terminal position locking (TPA) device (250) which is coupled to the housing and functionally ensures the correct positioning of the contact in the contact channel (268). The electrical connector includes a mating end (212). The connector assembly includes a retaining frame (300) configured to hold the electrical connector. The retaining frame includes an opening (344).The electrical connector is suspended from the mounting frame and inserted into the opening, with the plug end protruding from the mounting frame to mate with a matching electrical connector. The electrical connector has six degrees of mechanical freedom relative to the mounting frame.

Description

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 530,000, filed July 31, 2023, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 582,000, filed September 12, 2023, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The subject matter herein relates generally to electrical connector assemblies.Connector systems typically include two connector halves, such as a connector and a receptacle connector, that are mated together to establish an electrical connection between various components of the system. Proper mating of the connector halves is important to the proper functioning of the system. If the connectors are not properly mated, a degraded signal or in some cases no signal at all is transmitted between the components. For example, if the contacts are only partially plugged together, poor quality signals may be transmitted. For proper mating, the mating connectors must be perfectly aligned prior to mating. However, in some applications, it may be difficult to properly align the connectors. Thus, for example, in the case of blind plugging, it may not be possible to align the plug connectors before the plugging together.There remains a need for an electrical connector system that enables reliable mating of connector assemblies.In one embodiment, a connector assembly is provided that includes an electrical connector having a housing with a contact channel and a contact retained in the contact channel. The contact is connected to the end of a cable. The cable extends from the housing. The electrical connector includes a terminal position assurance (TPA) device coupled to the housing that ensures proper positioning of the contact within the contact channel. The electrical connector includes a mating end. The connector assembly includes a retaining frame configured to retain the electrical connector. The holding frame has an opening. The electrical connector is suspended from the holder frame and received in the opening, with the mating end lying in front of the holder frame for mating with a mating electrical connector. The electrical connector has six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the support frame.The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings: FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an electrical connector system according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the electrical connector system according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 7 is a partially assembled view of a portion of the second connector assembly showing the electrical connector coupled to the connector attachment device and showing the pivot frame prepared for attachment to the connector attachment device, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 10 illustrates the connector assemblies prepared for mating, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 11 illustrates the partially mated connector assemblies according to an example embodiment. FIG. 12 illustrates how the connector assemblies are further mated, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 13 illustrates the fully mated connector assemblies according to an example embodiment. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a partially mated condition corresponding to FIG. 12 according to an example embodiment. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a fully mated condition corresponding to FIG. 13, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a partially mated condition corresponding to FIG. 12 according to an example embodiment. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a fully mated condition corresponding to FIG. 13, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 18 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the X direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 19 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the X direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 20 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the Y direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 21 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the Y direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 22 shows the rotation of the electrical connector relative to the holding frame in the yaw direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 23 shows the rotation of the electrical connector with respect to the holding frame in the tilting direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 24 shows the rotation of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the rolling direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 25 is a front perspective view of the electrical connector system according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 26 is a rear perspective view of the electrical connector system according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 27 is an exploded view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 28 is a front perspective view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 29 is a sectional view of the first connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 30 is an exploded view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 31 is a front perspective view of the housing showing the housing in an open position according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 32 is a front perspective view of the housing according to an exemplary embodiment, showing the housing in a closed position. FIG. 33 is a rear perspective view of the housing showing the housing in the closed position, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of housings prepared for mating to form a modular housing stack, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 35 is a front perspective view of a pair of the housings that are mated together and show the pinch flaps in an open position, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 36 is a front perspective view of a pair of the housings that are mated together and show the pinch flaps in a closed position, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 37 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 38 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device showing a portion of the housing relative to the connector attachment device according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 39 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device showing a part of the TPA device relative to the connector attachment device according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 40 is a partially assembled view of a portion of the second connector assembly showing the electrical connector coupled to the connector attachment device and showing the pivot frame prepared for attachment to the connector attachment device, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 43 illustrates the connector assemblies prepared for mating, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 44 shows the partially mated connector assemblies according to an example embodiment. FIG. 45 illustrates the connector assemblies being further mated according to an example embodiment. FIG. 46 illustrates the fully mated connector assemblies according to an example embodiment. FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a partially mated condition corresponding to FIG. 45, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a fully mated condition corresponding to FIG. 46, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a partially mated condition corresponding to FIG. 45, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies in a fully mated condition corresponding to FIG. 46, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 51 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the X direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 52 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the X direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 53 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the Y direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 54 shows the axial movement of the electrical plug connector relative to the holding frame in the Y direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 55 shows the rotation of the electrical connector relative to the holding frame in the yaw direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 56 shows the rotation of the electrical connector with respect to the holding frame in the tilting direction according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 57 shows the rotation of the electrical connector relative to the holding frame in the rolling direction according to an exemplary embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONFIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an electrical connector system 10 according to an example embodiment. FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the electrical connector system 10 according to an example embodiment. The electrical connector system 10 comprises a first connector assembly 100 and a second connector assembly 200 configured to mate with the first connector assembly 100 along a mating axis 12. The electrical connector system 10 is configured to transmit data and / or current via the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200.In various embodiments, the electrical connector system 10 may be used in an automotive application. For example, the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be coupled to components, devices, or systems of a vehicle, such as an electric vehicle. However, the electrical connector system 10 can also be used in other applications in alternative embodiments, for example in industry, robotics, household appliances, building cabling, computer systems or other applications.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector assemblies 100, 200 are configured for blind mating. The plug connector assemblies 100, 200 have, for example, self-aligning features with a tolerance range which make it possible for the plug connection surfaces of the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 to be self-aligned during the mating process. In various embodiments, the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be plugged together by an automated mating operation that utilizes robots or machines to mate the connector assemblies 100, 200. In various embodiments, one or both of the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be fixed to a module or component, such as a module or component of a vehicle, and plugged together during an automated vehicle assembly operation. For example, the first connector assembly 100 may be fixed to a component and the second connector assembly 200 may be held by a robotic arm configured to mate the second connector assembly 200 to the first connector assembly 100 during an automated mating operation, or vice versa. In other various embodiments, both connector assemblies 100, 200 may be supported by robotic arms that serve to mate the connector assemblies 100, 200 during an automated assembly operation.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move or float during mating to align with the first connector assembly 100 during mating. For example, the second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more axial directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. The second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more angular directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the first connector assembly 100. For example, the second connector assembly 200 may float axially in X, Y, and Z directions and may float rotationally about a central pivot point in yaw, pitch, and roll directions. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are capable of compensating for some misalignment in virtually all orientations due to positional and physical variances (e.g., tolerances). The connector assemblies 100, 200 compensate for, for example, X, Y, and Z tolerances as well as three angular tolerances in the X, Y, X, Z, and Y-Z planes to enable blind mating. The connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully plugged together if the axial and angular orientation between the two assemblies is within a certain tolerance range. The float range of the connectors in all axial and angular degrees of freedom ensures that the cable terminals of the connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully mated without compromising signal integrity. The second connector assembly 200 is provided, for example, with features that allow axial and rotational floating, such that the misalignment of the modules does not affect the ability of the connector halves to mate, and thus the alignment of the terminated cables and the transmission of the high-quality RF signal. In an exemplary embodiment, all floating (e.g., self-aligning) features are incorporated into the second connector assembly 200 to simplify the design and reduce manufacturing costs. For example, the first connector assembly 100 can be manufactured with a simple, cost-effective configuration, which reduces the cost of the overall system. However, in alternative embodiments, some or all of the slidable features may be incorporated into the first connector assembly 100.In an exemplary embodiment, the first connector assembly 100 includes an electrical connector 110 having a mating end 112 configured to be coupled to the second connector assembly 200 and a cable end 114 opposite the mating end 112. One or more cables 120 extend from the cable end 114. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical connector 110 includes four cables 120. However, in alternative embodiments, the electrical connector 110 may include more or fewer cables 120. The cables 120 are representative and may be rigid or flexible signal or power transmission cables in various embodiments.The electrical connector 110 includes a housing 130 and a terminal position assurance (TPA) device 150 coupled to the housing 130. The housing 130 holds one or more contacts 122 (shown in FIG. 3 ) provided at the ends of the respective cables 120. In various embodiments, contacts 122 may be standard contacts, such as MATE-Ax, FAKRA, mini-FAKRA, GEMnet, or other types of contacts. The housing 130 is configured such that it can accommodate the respective type of contacts, for example by a specially shaped contact channel or a latching function that holds the contact. In various embodiments, the housing 130 may be configured to receive different types of contacts in different contact channels to provide an interface for different types and / or styles of contacts.The TPA device 150 is actuated to assure proper positioning of the contacts 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 is movable relative to the housing 130 between a preset position and a set position. The TPA device 150 may be moved from the preset position to the set position after the contacts 122 are inserted into the housing 130. In various embodiments, the TPA device 150 is unable to move to the set position when the contacts 122 have not been properly inserted into the housing 130, thus ensuring proper positioning of the contacts 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 is used to retain the contacts 122 within the housing 130. The TPA device 150 functions, for example, as a secondary securing means for the contacts 122 in the housing 130.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a receptacle 152 at the front end configured to receive the second connector assembly 200. For example, the front end of the second connector assembly 200 may be inserted into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a funnel 154 at the front end of the receptacle 152 for guiding the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. The funnel 154 has a large receiving area to receive the second connector assembly 200 and to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 during mating.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 includes an electrical connector 210 and a retaining frame 300 that serves to retain the electrical connector 210. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 is movable relative to the retaining frame 300 to accommodate misalignment of the electrical connector 210 relative to the electrical connector 110 during mating. For example, the electrical connector 210 may float to a limited extent relative to the support frame 300 to accommodate a positional and alignment offset of the electrical connector 210 from the electrical connector 110. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 has six mechanical degrees of freedom with respect to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 may axially float in the X, Y, and Z directions, and may rotationally float relative to the support frame 300 about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions. In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in an X direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Y direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Z direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a yaw direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a tilt direction; and the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a roll direction.The electrical connector 210 has a mating end 212 configured to mate with the second connector assembly 200 and a cable end 214 opposite the mating end 212. One or more cables 220 extend from the cable end 214. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical connector 210 includes four cables 220. However, in alternative embodiments, the electrical connector 210 may also include more or fewer cables 220. The cables 220 are representative and may be rigid or flexible signal or power transmission cables in various embodiments.The electrical connector 210 includes a housing 230 and a terminal position assurance (TPA) device 250 coupled to the housing 230. The housing 230 holds one or more contacts 222 (shown in FIG. 6 ) provided at the ends of the respective cables 220. In various embodiments, contacts 222 may be standard contacts such as MATE-Ax, FAKRA, mini-FAKRA, GEMnet, or other types of contacts. The housing 230 is configured such that it can accommodate the respective type of contacts, for example by a specially shaped contact channel or a latching function that holds the contact. In various embodiments, the housing 230 may be configured to receive different types of contacts in different contact channels to provide a mating interface for different types and / or styles of contacts. The external features of the housing 230 could be the same for all types of contacts, but the geometry of the cavity could be changed to receive and retain the desired contacts 222.The TPA device 250 is actuated to assure proper positioning of the contacts 222 within the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is movable relative to the housing 230 between a preset position and a set position. The TPA device 250 can be moved from the preset position to the set position after the contacts 222 are inserted into the housing 230. In various embodiments, the TPA device 250 is unable to move to the set position when the contacts 222 are not properly inserted into the housing 230 such that proper positioning of the contacts 222 within the housing 230 is ensured. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is used to retain the contacts 222 within the housing 230. The TPA device 250 functions, for example, as a secondary securing means for the contacts 222 in the housing 230.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a front-side male end 252 configured to be inserted into the receptacle 152 of the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes insertion surfaces at the plug end 252 to guide the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 252. The insertion surfaces taper toward the tip or nose to provide a large area of engagement for insertion into the receptacle 152 and to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 during mating.FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. The first connector assembly 100 includes the electrical connector 110 having a plurality of cables 120. However, in alternative embodiments, the electrical connector 110 may also include a single cable 120. The first connector assembly 100 includes the housing 130 that serves to retain the contacts 122 and the cables 120 and the TPA device 150 that ensures proper positioning of the contacts 122 within the housing 130.The contacts 122 are coupled to the ends 124 of the cables 120. In various embodiments, the contacts 122 may be crimped to the ends 124 of the cables 120. However, in alternative embodiments, contacts 122 may be connected to cables 120 by other means or methods. In the illustrated embodiment, the contacts 122 are socket contacts with sockets 126 at the mating ends of the contacts 122. In alternative embodiments, other types of contacts may also be used, such as pin contacts, blade contacts, tuning fork contacts, cantilever contacts, or other types of contacts. The contacts 122 have separable mating surfaces at the mating ends of the contacts 122. In an exemplary embodiment, the contacts 122 include retention features 128 that serve to retain the contacts 122 within the housing 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the retention features 128 include flanges, grooves, or pockets along the contacts 122. The retention features 128 may extend around the contacts 122. The retention features 128 may be provided at the rear ends of the contacts 122. The retaining features 128 have stop surfaces or shoulders configured to engage the housing 130 to retain the contacts 122 within the housing 130.The housing 130 includes a body 132 extending between a front side 134 and a back side 136. The housing 130 includes one or more contact channels 138 that pass through the body 132. The contact channels 138 receive the corresponding contacts 122. In the embodiment shown, the housing 130 includes four of the contact channels 138. However, in alternative embodiments, the housing 130 may also include more or fewer contact channels 138 corresponding to the number of contacts 122 used in the electrical connector 110. In some alternative embodiments, the housing 130 may include a single contact channel 138.In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 130 includes retainer legs 140 that serve as primary securing means for securing the contacts 122 within the housing 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer legs 140 are located at the front 134. However, in alternative embodiments, the retainer legs 140 may be located at other locations, such as within the housing 130 along an interior portion of the contact channels 138. The holder legs 140 are deflectable catches. Each retainer branch 140 is configured to cooperate with the retaining feature 128 of the corresponding contact 122 to retain the contact 122 within the housing 130. For example, the retainer boss 140 may snap into the groove defining the retention feature 128 when the contact 122 is fully inserted into the housing 130. In various embodiments, the contact 122 may be inserted into the contact channel 138 from behind and slid forward toward the front 134 of the housing 130. In various embodiments, the mating end of the contact 122 may be located forward of the front side 134 of the housing 130 to mate with the second connector assembly 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 130 includes a housing catch 142 on an exterior of the housing 130. The housing latch 142 serves to secure the housing 130 to the TPA device 150. The housing catch 142 may be provided on one or more sides of the housing 130. In various embodiments, the housing catch 142 is deflectable. In alternative embodiments, the housing latch 142 is a fixed latch.The TPA device 150 extends between a front side 156 and a back side 158. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a sheath 160 that surrounds a cavity 162. The cavity 162 receives the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, cavity 162 is open at back 158 to receive housing 130. The enclosure 160 includes one or more latching features 164 to latchly couple the TPA device 150 to the housing 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the detent feature 164 includes apertures 166 along the enclosure 160. The apertures 166 are longitudinally offset from each other. The apertures 166 are configured to receive the housing catch 142 of the housing 130. A plurality of apertures 166 are provided to enable decoupling of the TPA device 150 from the housing 130 at various locations. For example, the housing latch 142 is initially received in the rear opening 166 to position the TPA device 150 in an initial or preset position. The housing latch 142 is received in the front opening 166 to place the TPA device 150 in a normal or adjusted position. The TPA device 150 may be moved to the set position after the contacts 122 are inserted into the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 is used to block or maintain the retainer branches 140 in the set position to prevent deflection of the retainer branches 140 when the TPA device 150 is in the set position. The TPA device 150 thus functions as a secondary latching or securing feature of the contacts 122 in the housing 130. However, when the TPA device 150 is in the preset position, the retainer legs 140 can be freely deflected to allow the contacts 122 to be inserted into the housing 130.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a flange 170 on the front surface 156. Optionally, the flange 170 may be attached to a component of the vehicle. The flange 170 may include, for example, attachment features such as openings, notches, clips, or other types of attachment features for attaching the electrical connector 110 to the vehicle component. In alternative embodiments, flange 170 may be held by the robot or the assembler during the mating process, rather than being attached to a component of the vehicle. Flange 170 provides a retaining or pressing surface for mating first connector assembly 100 with second connector assembly 200. Flange 170 surrounds funnel 154 of receptacle 152. The funnel 154 is open at the front 156 to receive the second connector assembly 200.FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. When assembled, the housing 130 is received within the cavity 162 of the TPA device 150. The enclosure 160 encloses the housing 130. The housing 130 positions the contacts 122 for mating with the second connector assembly 200. When assembled, the contacts 122 and the cables 120 are received in the respective contact channels 138. The retainer legs 140 secure the contacts 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the mating ends of the contacts 122 protrude beyond the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the mating ends of the contacts 122 are in contact channels 168 of the TPA device 150. The sockets 126 are configured to receive the corresponding pins of the contacts 222 of the second connector assembly 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the receptacle 152 is opened at the front side 156 of the TPA device 150 to receive the second connector assembly 200. The funnel 154 serves to guide the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the funnel 154 is tapered inwardly. The funnel 154 includes insertion surfaces 172 that extend from the flange 170 to a base wall 174 at the bottom or rear of the receptacle 152. The contact channels 168 are opened through the base wall 174. The sockets 126 of the contacts 122 are disposed in the base wall 174. The base wall 174 forms a stop wall to form a stop for the insertion of the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. The base wall 174 serves to position the second connector assembly 200 for mating with the contacts 122. The insertion surfaces 172 guide the second connector assembly 200 along the base wall 174. In an exemplary embodiment, the insertion surfaces 172 provide insertions at the top, bottom, and both sides of the funnel 154 to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 from either direction into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 has a shape complementary to the funnel 154 to finally align the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 in the receptacle 152 (e.g., axial and angular alignment).FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an exemplary embodiment. The second connector assembly 200 includes the electrical connector 210 having a plurality of cables 220. However, in alternative embodiments, the electrical connector 210 may also include a single cable 220. The second connector assembly 200 includes the housing 230 that serves to retain the contacts 222 and the cables 220 and the TPA device 250 that ensures proper positioning of the contacts 222 within the housing 230.The contacts 222 are coupled to the ends 224 of the cables 220. In various embodiments, the contacts 222 may be crimped to the ends 224 of the cables 220. However, in alternative embodiments, contacts 222 may be connected to cables 220 by other means or methods. In the illustrated embodiment, contacts 222 are pin contacts with pins 226 at the mating ends of contacts 222. In alternative embodiments, other types of contacts may also be used, such as jack contacts, blade contacts, tuning fork contacts, cantilever contacts, or other types of contacts. The contacts 222 have separable mating surfaces at the mating ends of the contacts 222. In an exemplary embodiment, the contacts 222 include retention features 228 that serve to retain the contacts 222 within the housing 230. In the illustrated embodiment, the retention features 228 include flanges, grooves, or pockets along the contacts 222. The retention features 228 may extend around the contacts 222. The retention features 228 may be formed at the rear ends of the contacts 222. The retaining devices 228 have stop surfaces or shoulders that are configured to engage the housing 230 to retain the contacts 222 within the housing 230.The housing 230 includes a body 232 extending between a front face 234 and a back face 236. The housing 230 includes one or more contact channels 238 that pass through the body 232. The contact channels 238 receive the corresponding contacts 222. In the embodiment shown, the housing 230 includes four of the contact channels 238. However, in alternative embodiments, the housing 230 may have more or fewer contact channels 238 corresponding to the number of contacts 222 used in the electrical connector 210. In some alternative embodiments, the housing 230 may include a single contact channel 238. The housing 230 may include individual tubes that form portions of the contact channels 238, for example, on the back side 236.In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 includes contact retaining legs 240 that serve as primary securing means for securing the contacts 222 within the housing 230. In the illustrated embodiment, the contact holder legs 240 are provided on the front side 234. However, in alternative embodiments, the contact holder legs 240 may be mounted at other positions, such as within the housing 230 along an interior portion of the contact channels 238. The contact holder legs 240 are deflectable latches. Each contact retaining leg 240 is configured to cooperate with the retaining feature 228 of the corresponding contact 222 to retain the contact 222 within the housing 230. For example, the contact retaining branch 240 may snap into the groove defining the retaining feature 228 when the contact 222 is fully inserted into the housing 230. In various embodiments, the contact 222 may be inserted into the contact channel 238 from behind and slid forward toward the front 234 of the housing 230. In various embodiments, the mating end of the contact 222 may be disposed forward of the front face 234 of the housing 230 to mate with the first connector assembly 100.In an example embodiment, the housing 230 includes a housing catch 242 on an exterior of the housing 230. The housing latch 242 is used to secure the housing 230 to the support frame 300. In alternative embodiments, the housing latch 242 may be used to secure the housing 230 to the TPA device 250. The housing catch 242 may be provided along one or more sides of the housing 230. In various embodiments, the housing latch 242 is deflectable. In alternative embodiments, the housing latch 242 is a fixed latch.The TPA device 250 extends between a front surface 256 and a rear surface 258. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a sheath 260 surrounding a cavity 262. The cavity 262 receives the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, cavity 262 is open at rear 258 to receive housing 230. The enclosure 260 may include openings 261 at the sides, for example, configured to receive portions of the support frames 300. The enclosure 260 includes one or more latching features 264 to latchly couple the TPA device 250 to the support frame 300. In alternative embodiments, the snap features 264 may be snap-fitably coupled to the housing 230. In the illustrated embodiment, the detent feature 264 includes a deflectable detent disposed along the ends of the TPA device 250. In alternative embodiments, other locations are also possible. In alternative embodiments, other types of detent features may also be used, such as apertures that receive detents. In an exemplary embodiment, the latching features 264 are configured to be coupled to the support frame 300 at various positions, for example to enable positioning of the TPA device 250 in a home or preset position and in a normal or set position. The TPA device 250 can be axially moved, for example, parallel to the mating axis between the preset position and the set position. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is used to block or maintain the contact holder legs 240 in the adjusted position to prevent deflection of the contact holder legs 240 when the TPA device 250 is in the adjusted position. The TPA device 250 thus functions as a secondary locking or securing tag of the contacts 222 in the housing 230. However, when the TPA device 250 is in the preset position, the contact holder legs 240 can be freely deflected to permit the contacts 222 to be inserted into the housing 230.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a nose cone 270 on the front face 256. In an exemplary embodiment, nose cone 270 is tapered inwardly. Nose cone 270 includes guide surfaces 272 that extend from an end wall 274 on front face 256 of TPA device 250 to enclosure 260. The contact channels 268 are opened by the end wall 274. The end wall 274 defines a stop wall to form a stop for insertion of the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152 of the first connector assembly 100. The end wall 274 serves to position the second connector assembly 200 to mate with the contacts 222 in the receptacle 152. The guide surfaces 272 direct the second connector assembly 200 into the funnel 154. In an exemplary embodiment, the guide surfaces 272 include a guide at the top, bottom, and both sides of the nose cone 270 to allow misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 from either direction into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the nose cone 270 of the second connector assembly 200 has a shape complementary to the funnel 154 to finally align (e.g., axial and angular alignment) the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 in the receptacle 152.The holding frame 300 serves to hold the electrical connector 210. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 has six mechanical degrees of freedom with respect to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 is axially floatingly movable in X, Y, and Z directions and is rotationally floatingly movable about a central pivot point in yaw, tilt, and roll directions relative to the support frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in an X direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Y direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Z direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a yaw direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a tilt direction; and the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a roll direction.In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 includes a connector attachment device 302, a pivot frame 304, an X-carriage 306, and a Y-carriage 308. The connector attachment device 302 holds the electrical connector 210, for example, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210. The pivot frame 304 holds the connector attachment device 302. The X-carriage 306 supports the pivot frame 304. The Y carriage 308 supports the X carriage 306. In alternative embodiments, other arrangements are also possible, for example, the Y-carriage 308 supporting the pivot frame 304 and / or the X-carriage 306 supporting the Y-carriage 308. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is axially movable relative to the connector attachment device 302 in a Z-direction parallel to the mating axis. The pivot frame 304 is axially movable relative to the X-carriage 306 in an X-direction. The X-carriage 306 is axially movable relative to the Y-carriage in the Y-direction. The interaction between the housing 230, the connector attachment device 302, the pivot frame 304, the X-sled 306, and the Y-sled 308 compensates for misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 due to position and physical variances to accommodate X, Y, and Z mating tolerances. In an exemplary embodiment, the connector attachment device 302 is rotatable relative to the pivot frame 304 in a yaw direction, a pitch direction, and a roll direction to accommodate angular tolerances in the X-Y, Y-Z, and Y-Z planes.The connector attachment device 302 includes a sleeve 310 having a cavity 312 configured to receive the housing 230. The sleeve 310 extends between a front side 314 and a back side 316. The cavity 312 may be open at the front 314 to receive the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, the sleeve 310 includes a retainer boss 318 on an exterior of the sleeve 310. The retainer boss 318 serves to secure the TPA device 250 to the sleeve 310. Optionally, the sleeve 310 may include a plurality of retainer legs 318 axially offset from one another to enable positioning of the TPA device 250 in various positions, such as a preset position and a set position. The sleeve 310 may include one or more retaining features (not shown) within the cavity 312 that serve to secure the housing 230 within the cavity 312. The retention features may be, for example, detents configured to be detent coupled to the housing 230.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector attachment device 302 includes a pivot member 320 configured to be pivotally coupled to the pivot frame 304. In the illustrated embodiment, the pivot member 320 includes a hemispherical protrusion 322 on the outside of the sleeve 310. Optionally, the connector attachment device 302 may include a pair of the pivot members 320 on opposite sides of the sleeve 310. The pivot member 320 is sized and shaped to allow rotation of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 320 includes a control slot 324 in the hemispherical protrusion 322. The control slot 324 serves to control angular rotation of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. The control slot 324 may be in the form of an hourglass, for example, to allow rotation of the pivot member 320 within the pivot joint of the pivot frame 304. In alternative embodiments, the control slot 324 may also have a different shape.In an exemplary embodiment, the biasing members 330 are configured to be disposed between the connector attachment device 302 and the housing 230. The biasing members 330 may be received in the cavity 312. In an exemplary embodiment, the biasing members 330 are coil springs. However, in alternative embodiments, other types of biasing members may be used. The biasing members 330 are compressible and configured to apply a spring force to the connector attachment device 302 and / or the housing 230. For example, the biasing members 330 are configured to bias the housing 230 forward relative to the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302. The biasing members 330 maintain the housing 230 in a forward biased position to mate with the first connector assembly 100. The biasing members 330 may be compressed by the housing 230 during mating with the first connector assembly 100. The biasing members 330 allow movement of the housing 230 relative to the connector attachment device 302 of the holding frame 300 in the Z direction that is parallel to the mating axis.In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot frame 304 is a multi-piece frame having a first frame member 340 and a second frame member 342 configured to mate together to form the pivot frame 304. The frame members 340, 342 extend along opposite sides of the connector attachment means 302. The pivot frame 304 includes an opening 344 between the frame members 340, 342. Alternatively, the frame members 340, 342 may be identical or mirror image halves of each other.In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot frame 304 includes slots 346 in the frame members 340, 342. The slots 346 are configured to receive attachment portions of the X-carriage 306 that serve to attach the X-carriage 306 to the pivot frame 304. In alternative embodiments, other types of attachment features may also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 346 are elongated to allow axial movement of the X-carriage 306 relative to the pivot frame 304.The pivot frame 304 includes pivot members 350 that receive the pivot members 320 of the connector attachment device 302. The pivot members 350 are mounted on opposite sides of the opening 344. For example, each of the frame members 340, 342 includes a corresponding pivot member 350. In an exemplary embodiment, each pivot member 350 is a hemispherical socket 352 configured to receive the corresponding hemispherical protrusion 322 of the connector attachment device 302. The hemispherical protrusion 322 is rotatable within the hemispherical socket 352 to allow rotational movement of the connector attachment device 302, and thus the electrical connector 210, relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 350 includes a control rib 354 that extends into the hemispherical socket 352. The control rib 354 is configured to be received within the corresponding control sleeve 324 of the hemispherical protrusion 322. The control rib 354 may move in the control slot 324 as the connector attachment device 302 rotates or pivots relative to the pivot frame 304. The interaction between the control rib 354 and the hemispherical protrusion 322 controls the amount of floating movement of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. For example, the control rib 354 is configured to abut the hemispherical protrusion 322 to limit or control the angular movement of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 320 is capable of rotating relative to the pivot member 350 in multiple directions, such as a yaw direction, a pitch direction, and a roll direction.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-sled 306 is configured to be coupled to the pivot frame 304. However, in alternative embodiments, the Y-sled 308 may be coupled to the pivot frame 304. The X-carriage 306 includes a plate 360 having an opening 362 configured to receive the electrical connector 210. The opening 362 may be centered in the plate 360. The opening 362 may be oversized relative to the electrical connector 210 to allow movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the X-sled 306, such as rotation and / or translation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the X-sled 306 within the opening 362.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-sled 306 includes flanges 364 extending from the plate 360, for example, at the back of the plate 360. The flanges 364 are configured to couple to the pivot frame 304. For example, the flanges 364 are received in the slots 346 of the pivot frame 304. The flanges 364 may be clipped or snapped to the pivot frame 304 to retain the pivot frame 304 to the plate 360. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 346 are oversized relative to the flanges 364 to allow axial movement of the flanges 364 within the slots 346, such as in the X direction. The pivot frame 304 is configured to move relative to the X-carriage 306 in the X-direction.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-carriage 306 includes slots 366 in the plate 360. The slits 366 are configured to receive attachment portions of the Y-carriage 308 that serve to attach the Y-carriage 308 to the X-carriage 306. In alternative embodiments, other types of attachment members may also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are elongated to allow axial movement of the Y-carriage 308 relative to the X-carriage 306. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the slots 346.In an exemplary embodiment, the Y-sled 308 is configured to be coupled to the X-sled 306. However, in alternative embodiments, the Y-sled 308 may also be coupled to the pivot frame 304. The Y-sled 308 includes a plate 370 having an opening 372 configured to receive the electrical connector 210. The aperture 372 may be centered in the plate 370. The opening 372 may be oversized relative to the electrical connector 210 to allow movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the Y-sled 308, such as rotation and / or translation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the Y-sled 308 within the opening 372.In an exemplary embodiment, the Y-sled 308 includes flanges 374 extending from the plate 370, such as the back side of the plate 370. The flanges 374 are configured to couple to the X-carriage 306. The flanges 374 are received in the slots 366 of the X-carriage 306, for example.The flanges 374 may be clipped or snapped to the X-sled 306 to retain the X-sled 306 on the plate 370. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are oversized relative to the flanges 374 to allow axial movement of the flanges 374 in the slots 366, for example, in the Y direction. The Y-carriage 308 is thus configured to move in the Y-direction relative to the X-carriage 306.FIG. 7 is a partially assembled view of a portion of the second connector assembly 200 showing the electrical connector 210 coupled to the connector attachment feature 302 and the pivot frame 304 ready for attachment to the connector attachment feature 302. During mating, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is received in the cavity 312 of the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is configured to be coupled to the housing 310. For example, the locking features 264 are configured to be coupled to the retainer legs 318 of the connector attachment device 302. The support legs 318 support the TPA device 250 in one or more predetermined positions. For example, multiple retainer legs 318 may be provided at different axial positions to retain the TPA device 250 at different axial positions relative to the sleeve 310. The TPA device 250 may be initially maintained in a preset position in which the TPA device 250 is only partially or initially coupled to the housing 230. The contacts 222 and the cables 220 are configured to be inserted into the housing 230 when the TPA device 250 is in the preset position. For example, the TPA device 250 does not block the retainer legs of the housing 230 so that the contacts 222 can be inserted into the housing 230 and engage the retainer legs. After the contacts 222 are inserted into the housing 230, the TPA device 250 can be moved to the adjusted position by pushing the TPA device 250 rearward relative to the housing 230 and / or the connector attachment 302. In the adjusted position, the detent features 264 engage the rear retainer legs 318 to retain the TPA device 250 in the adjusted position.During mating, the pivot frame 304 is coupled to the connector attachment device 302. For example, the pivot elements 350 are aligned with the pivot elements 320. The frame members 340, 342 are coupled together around the connector attachment device 302. During assembly, the control ribs 354 are received in the control slots 324.The hemispherical protrusions 322 are received in the hemispherical sockets 352. When assembled, the connector attachment device 302 and thus the electrical connector 210 are rotatable relative to the pivot frame 304 in one or more rotational directions, for example in all three angular degrees of freedom.FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an example embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an example embodiment. In the assembled state, the electrical connector 210 is coupled to the holding frame 300. The second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow the electrical connector 210 to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions.During attachment, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is received in the cavity 312 of the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302. The biasing members 330 are coupled between the housing 230 and the connector attachment device 302. For example, the front ends of the biasing members 330 engage the rear surface 236 of the housing 230 and the rear ends of the biasing members 330 engage an end wall 315 on the rear surface 316 of the sleeve 310. In an exemplary embodiment, the end wall 315 includes continuous cable conduits 317 that receive the respective cables 220. Optionally, portions of the housing 230 may also be received in the conduits 317.In an exemplary embodiment, retainer legs 280 are provided between the housing 230 and the sleeve 310 that retain the housing 230 in an extended position relative to the sleeve 310. In the illustrated embodiment, the extended position is a forward position. The housing 230 cannot move rearward into the cavity 312 when the retainer legs 280 are engaged. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are part of the housing 230 and are configured to engage or seat on a portion of the sleeve 310. However, in alternative embodiments, the retainer legs 280 may also be part of the sleeve 310 and configured to cooperate with the housing 230 to retain the housing 230 in the extended position. The retainer legs 280 are detachable to allow the housing 230 to move into the cavity 312 in the Z direction, which is parallel to the mating direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are movable between engaged positions and released positions. The retainer legs 280 maintain the housing 230 in the extended position when in the latched positions. The housing 230 may be moved from the extended position to the released position when the retainer legs 280 are in the released position.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes release members 282 configured to engage the retainer legs 280 to release the retainer legs 280 and enable axial movement of the housing 230 relative to the connector attachment device 302. For example, when the TPA device 250 is moved rearward, the release members 282 engage the retainer legs 280 and urge the retainer legs 280 inward to release the retainer legs 280 from the support wall of the sleeve 310. When the TPA device 250 is in the rearward position, the release members 282 engage and maintain the retainer legs 280 in the released position. In an exemplary embodiment, when the electrical connector 210 is mated with the first connector assembly 100, the electrical connector 210 may be slid rearward and the housing 230 moved rearward into the cavity 312 against the spring bias of the biasing members 330. The biasing members 330 urge the housing 230 and the contacts 222 forward to maintain a reliable electrical connection with the first connector assembly 100.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is coupled to the sleeve 310. For example, the latching features 264 are coupled to the retainer legs 318 of the connector attachment device 302. The TPA device 250 may be initially maintained in a preset position (FIGS. 8 and 9 ) in which the TPA device 250 is only partially or initially coupled to the housing 230. The TPA device 250 can be moved rearward to a set position by pushing the TPA device 250 rearward relative to the housing 230 and / or the connector attachment device 302. The mating ends of the contacts 222 may be in the adjusted position forward of the mating end 252 of the TPA device 250 to mate with the contacts of the first connector assembly 100.During mating, the pivot frame 304 is coupled to the connector mount 302, the X-sled 306 is coupled to the pivot frame 304, and the Y-sled 308 is coupled to the X-sled 306. The pivot members 320 are coupled to the pivot members 350. The pivot members 320 are rotatable within the pivot members 350. In an exemplary embodiment, the control ribs 354 control the amount of angular movement of the hemispherical protrusion 322 in the hemispherical socket 352. Moreover, the edges or end portions of the pivot members 320, 350 may abut each other to limit the amount of rotational movement of the connector attachment device 302, and thus the electrical connector 210, relative to the pivot frame 304. In various embodiments, the pivot frame 304 may allow for ±5° angular movement. However, the pivot frame 304 may be configured to allow greater or lesser angular movement in alternative embodiments.When assembled, the flanges 364 of the X-carriage 306 are coupled to the pivot frame 304. The flanges 364 are movable within the slot 346 to allow movement of the pivot frame 304 (and thus the connector attachment device 302 and the electrical connector 210) in the X direction. Similarly, the flanges 374 of the Y-carriage 308 are coupled to the X-carriage 306. The flanges 374 are movable within the slots 366 to allow Y-direction movement of the X-carriage 306 (and thus the pivot frame 304 and the connector attachment 302 and the electrical connector 210).FIGS. 10 to 13 show a mating order of the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 10 shows the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 prepared for mating. FIG. 11 shows the partially mated connector assemblies 100, 200. FIG. 12 shows the connector assemblies 100, 200 further mated together. FIG. 13 shows the fully mated connector assemblies 100, 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector assemblies 100, 200 are configured for blind mating. The plug connector assemblies 100, 200 have, for example, self-aligning features with a tolerance range which make it possible to self-align the plug connection surfaces of the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 during the plugging process. In various embodiments, the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be mated by an automated mating operation using robots or machines to mate the connector assemblies 100, 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move or float during mating to align with the first connector assembly 100 during mating. For example, the second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more axial directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. The second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more angular directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the first connector assembly 100. For example, the second connector assembly 200 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are capable of compensating for some misalignment in virtually all orientations due to positional variations (e.g., tolerances). For example, the connector assemblies 100, 200 accommodate X, Y, and Z tolerances as well as three angular tolerances in the planes X-Y, X-Z, and Y-Z to enable blind mating. Floating the connectors in all axial and angular degrees of freedom ensures that the terminated cables of the connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully plugged together without compromising signal integrity. The second connector assembly 200 is provided, for example, with features that allow axial and rotational floating, such that the misalignment of the modules does not affect the ability of the connector halves to mate, and thus the alignment of the terminated cables and the transmission of a high quality RF signal. The second connector assembly 200 may be provided with features that bias the contacts in the mating direction, such that gaps of the connection surfaces between the contacts and the mating contacts that may interfere with the RF performance of the system are avoided.During mating, the mating end 212 of the electrical connector 210 is generally aligned with the mating end 112 of the electrical connector 110 (FIG. 10 ). Nose cone 270 is generally aligned with funnel 154. The funnel 154 has an enlarged surface for receiving the nose cone 270. For example, the opening of the funnel 154 is larger than the tip of the nose cone 270 to capture and guide the nose cone 270 into the funnel 154. Any axial or angular misalignment may be accommodated by the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 may be moved in the X, Y, or Z direction and / or the electrical connector 210 may be moved in the yaw, pitch, or roll direction to properly align the electrical connectors 210, 110 during the mating operation. For example, the pivot frame 304 may accommodate rotation of the electrical connector 210 in each of the rotational directions. The connector attachment device 302, the X-carriage 306, and the Y-carriage 308 may accommodate displacement of the electrical connector 210 in one of the axial directions. The guide surfaces 272 of the nose cone 270 engage the lead-in surfaces 172 to guide the nose cone 270 in proper alignment in the receptacle 152. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are mated along the mating axis until the end wall 274 abuts the base wall 174 (FIG. 11 ). The guide surfaces 272 and the insertion surfaces 172 serve to align the second connector assembly 200 in the proper axial or translational (X / Y / Z) orientation relative to the first connector assembly 100 itself. After seating, the second connector assembly 200 can self-align in the proper rotational orientation (yaw / tilt / roll) relative to the first connector assembly 100 by ensuring that the planar end wall 274 and the planar base wall 174 are parallel to and abut each other.During the initial mating, the TPA device 250 is in the preset or forward position (FIG. 11 ). The TPA device 250 covers the contacts 222 to prevent damage to the contacts 222 during mating. After the end wall 274 is abutted against the base wall 174, the TPA device 250 moves rearward to the second position as the connector assemblies 100, 200 are further mated (FIG. 12 ). The detent features 264 of the TPA device 250 move from the front retainer legs 318 to the rear retainer legs 318. The end wall 274 is moved toward the housing 230. In the adjusted position, the end wall 274 selectively abuts the front face 234 of the housing 230. When the TPA device 250 is moved to the set position, the ends of the contacts 222 protrude beyond the end wall 274 and are received by the electrical connector 110 and mate with the contacts 122. The contacts 222 are, for example, pin contacts and the contacts 122 are socket contacts, wherein the pin contacts are received in the socket contacts to establish an electrical connection between the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 may accommodate further mating (e.g., over-mating) in the mating direction. For example, when the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200 are initially mated (FIG. 12 ), a gap 284 may exist between the flange 170 and the retaining frame 300. During the further assembly, the gap can close until the flange 170 abuts the holding frame 300 (FIG. 13 ). The electrical connector 210 is movable in the Z direction to allow the termination of the slot 284. For example, the TPA device 250 may slide rearward along the connector attachment device 302. The housing 230 may move rearward in the cavity 312 and compress the biasing members 330. When the biasing members 330 are compressed, the biasing members 330 exert a greater spring force in the forward direction on the housing 230, thereby urging the contacts 222 forward into the contacts 122 to maintain a reliable electrical connection and an RF signal between the contacts 222, 122.FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a partially fitted state corresponding to FIG. 12, FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a fully fitted state corresponding to FIG. 13. In the plugged-together state, the contacts 222 and the cables 220 are introduced into the contact channels 238 of the housing 230. The contact retaining legs 240 engage the retaining features 228 of the contacts 222 to retain the contacts 222 within the housing 230. The contact support legs 240 define the primary support features for the contacts 222. FIG. 14 shows the TPA device 250 in a preset position. FIG. 15 shows the TPA device 250 in a set position. When the TPA device 250 is in the preset position (FIG. 14 ), the contact holder legs 240 may be deflected outward to, for example, insert the contacts 222 into the housing 230. The contact holder legs 240 are located, for example, in pockets 276 in the TPA device 250 which provide a space that allows movement or deflection of the contact holder legs 240 (e.g., outward deflection). However, when the TPA device 250 is moved rearward to the set position (FIG. 15 ), locking tabs 278 of the TPA device 250 are located outside of the contact holder legs 240. The locking tabs 278 engage the contact holder legs 240 and prevent the contact holder legs 240 from deflecting outward. As a result, the contact holder legs 240 cannot release the contacts 222. The locking tabs 278 function as secondary retention features that prevent removal of the contacts 222 by blocking the contact retaining legs 240.FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a partially fitted state corresponding to FIG. 12, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a fully fitted state corresponding to FIG. 13. FIGS. 16 and 17 show the retainer legs 280 between the housing 230 and the sleeve 310 that retain the housing 230 in an extended position relative to the sleeve 310. The housing 230 cannot move rearward into the cavity 312 when the retainer legs 280 are engaged. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are part of the housing 230 and are configured to engage or seat on a portion of the sleeve 310.The retainer legs 280 are detachable to allow the housing 230 to move into the cavity 312 in the Z direction, which is parallel to the mating direction. FIGS. 16 and 17 show the movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the Z direction. For example, FIG. 16 shows the electrical connector 210 in a forward position relative to the holder frame 300 and FIG. 17 shows the electrical connector 210 in a rearward position relative to the holder frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the release members 282 of the TPA device 250 are configured to cooperate with the retainer legs 280 to release the retainer legs 280 and allow axial movement of the housing 230 relative to the connector attachment device 302. For example, when the TPA device 250 is moved rearward to the set position, the release members 282 engage the retainer legs 280 and urge the retainer legs 280 inward to release the retainer legs 280 from the support wall of the sleeve 310. When the TPA device 250 is in the rearward position, the release members 282 engage and maintain the retainer legs 280 in the released position. In an exemplary embodiment, when the retainer branch 280 is released, when the electrical connector 210 is mated with the first connector assembly 100, the electrical connector 210 may be slid rearward and the housing 230 may be moved rearward into the cavity 312 against the spring bias of the biasing members 330.FIGS. 18 and 19 show an axial movement of the electrical plug connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the X direction. For example, FIG. 18 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced to the right relative to the holding frame 300 and FIG. 19 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced to the left relative to the holding frame 300. The X-carriage 306 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the X-direction. For example, the flanges 364 are configured to move axially within the slots 346 of the pivot frame 304 to allow movement in the X direction.FIGS. 20 and 21 show the axial movement of the electrical plug connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the Y direction. For example, FIG. 20 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced upward relative to the holder frame 300 and FIG. 21 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced downward relative to the holder frame 300. The Y-carriage 308 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the Y-direction. For example, the flanges 374 are configured to move axially within the slots 366 of the X-carriage 306 to allow movement in the Y-direction.FIGS. 22-24 show the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the support frame 300 at a pivot point. FIG. 22 illustrates the yaw rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the support frame 300. FIG. 23 illustrates the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the tilting direction. FIG. 24 illustrates the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the rolling direction. The pivot frame 304 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the angular directions. For example, the hemispherical protrusion 322 may pivot or rotate within the hemispherical socket 352. The connector attachment device 302 may abut the pivot frame 304 to limit the amount (e.g., angle) of rotation (e.g., nose up or down, nose to side, or body rotation). For example, the control rib 354 may limit the amount of rotation (see, e.g., FIG. 23 ). The sides or walls of the connector attachment device 302 may limit rotation when engaging the pivot frame 304 (see, for example, FIGS. 22 and 24 ).FIG. 25 is a front perspective view of the electrical connector system 10 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 26 is a rear perspective view of the electrical connector system 10 according to an example embodiment. FIGS. 25 and 26 show single position (e.g., contact and cable) versions of the connector assemblies 100 and 200 in place of the four position versions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector assemblies 100, 200 are configured for blind mating. The plug connector assemblies 100, 200 have, for example, self-aligning features with a tolerance range which make it possible to self-align the plug connection surfaces of the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 during the plugging process. In various embodiments, the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be plugged together by an automated mating operation using robots or machines to plug the connector assemblies 100, 200 together.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move or float during mating to align with the first connector assembly 100 during mating. For example, the second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more axial directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. The second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more angular directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the first connector assembly 100. For example, the second connector assembly 200 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are capable of compensating for some misalignment in virtually all orientations due to positional variations (e.g., tolerances). The connector assemblies 100, 200 compensate for, for example, X, Y, and Z tolerances as well as three angular tolerances in the X, Y, X, Z, and Y-Z planes to enable blind mating. The connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully plugged together if the axial and angular orientation between the two assemblies is within a certain tolerance range. Floating the connectors in all axial and angular degrees of freedom ensures that the terminated cables of the connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully plugged together without compromising signal integrity. For example, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow axial and rotational floating such that the misalignment of the modules does not affect the ability of the connector halves to mate and thus the alignment of the terminated cables and the transmission of the high quality RF signal. In an exemplary embodiment, all floating (e.g., self-aligning) features are incorporated into the second connector assembly 200 to simplify the construction and reduce manufacturing costs. For example, the first connector assembly 100 may be manufactured with a simple, low cost construction, which reduces the cost of the overall system.In an exemplary embodiment, the first connector assembly 100 includes an electrical connector 110 having a mating end 112 configured to mate with the second connector assembly 200 and a cable end 114 opposite the mating end 112. A cable 120 extends from the cable end 114.The electrical connector 110 includes a housing 130 and a terminal position assurance (TPA) device 150 coupled to the housing 130. The TPA device 150 and the housing 130 are shaped differently for a single position application than for a four position application (FIGS. 1-2 ). Moreover, the TPA device 150 and the housing 130 may be shaped differently for other variations, such as for a two-position application. The housing 130 includes a contact 122 (shown in Figure 27) attached to the end of the cable 120. The TPA device 150 is actuated to assure proper positioning of the contact 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 is movable relative to the housing 130 between a preset position and a set position. The TPA device 150 is movable from the preset position to the set position after the contact 122 is inserted into the housing 130. In various embodiments, the TPA device 150 is unable to move to the set position when the contact 122 has not been properly inserted into the housing 130, thereby ensuring proper positioning of the contact 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 is used to retain the contact 122 within the housing 130. The TPA device 150 functions, for example, as a secondary securing means for the contact 122 in the housing 130.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a receptacle 152 at the front end configured to receive the second connector assembly 200. For example, the front end of the second connector assembly 200 may be inserted into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a funnel 154 at the front end of the receptacle 152 for guiding the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. The funnel 154 has a large receiving area to receive the second connector assembly 200 and to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 during mating.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 includes an electrical connector 210 and a retaining frame 300 that serves to retain the electrical connector 210. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 is movable relative to the retaining frame 300 to accommodate misalignment of the electrical connector 210 relative to the electrical connector 110 during mating. For example, the electrical connector 210 has a limited amount of floating movement relative to the support frame 300 to accommodate the positional and alignment offset of the electrical connector 210 relative to the electrical connector 110. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 has six mechanical degrees of freedom with respect to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, as well as rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, tilt, and roll directions relative to the support frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in an X direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Y direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Z direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a yaw direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a tilt direction; and the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement of the electrical connector 210 in a roll direction.The electrical connector 210 has a mating end 212 configured to mate with the second connector assembly 200 and a cable end 214 opposite the mating end 212. A cable 220 extends from the cable end 214.The electrical connector 210 includes a housing 230 and a terminal position assurance (TPA) device 250 coupled to the housing 230. The housing 230 holds a single contact 222 provided at the end of the cable 220. The TPA device 250 is actuated to ensure proper positioning of the contact 222 within the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is movable relative to the housing 230 between a preset position and a set position. The TPA device 250 may be moved from the preset position to the set position after the contact 222 is inserted into the housing 230. In various embodiments, the TPA device 250 is unable to move to the set position when the contact 222 has not been properly inserted into the housing 230 such that proper positioning of the contacts 222 within the housing 230 is ensured. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is used to retain the contact 222 within the housing 230. The TPA device 250 functions, for example, as a secondary securing means for the contact 222 in the housing 230.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a front-side male end 252 configured to be inserted into the receptacle 152 of the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes guide surfaces at the plug end 252 to guide the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. The guide surfaces taper inwardly toward the tip or nose to provide a large area of engagement for insertion into the receptacle 152 and to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 during mating.FIG. 27 is an exploded view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. The first connector assembly 100 includes the electrical connector 110 with the cable 120 and the contact 122. The first connector assembly 100 includes the housing 130 that serves to retain the contact 122 and the cable 120, and the TPA device 150 that ensures proper positioning of the contact 122 within the housing 130.The housing 130 includes a body 132 extending between a front side 134 and a back side 136. The housing 130 includes a contact channel 138 that extends through the body 132. The contact channel 138 receives the contact 122. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 130 includes retainer legs 140 that serve as primary securing means for securing the contact 122 within the housing 130. Each retainer branch 140 is configured to cooperate with the retaining feature 128 of the corresponding contact 122 to retain the contact 122 within the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 130 includes a housing catch 142 on an exterior of the housing 130. The housing latch 142 is used to secure the housing 130 to the TPA device 150.The TPA device 150 extends between a front side 156 and a back side 158. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a sheath 160 that surrounds a cavity 162. The cavity 162 receives the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, cavity 162 is open at back 158 to receive housing 130. The enclosure 160 includes one or more snap features 164 to snap couple the TPA device 150 to the housing 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the detent feature 164 includes apertures 166 along the enclosure 160 that are longitudinally offset from one another to receive the housing detent 142 of the housing 130 at various positions. For example, the housing latch 142 is initially received in the rear opening 166 to position the TPA device 150 in an initial or preset position. The housing latch 142 is received in the front opening 166 to place the TPA device 150 in a normal or adjusted position. The TPA device 150 may be moved to the set position after the contact 122 is inserted into the housing 130 to block or maintain the holder legs 140 in the set position.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 150 includes a flange 170 on the front surface 156. Optionally, the flange 170 may be attached to a component of the vehicle. Flange 170 provides a retaining or pressing surface for mating first connector assembly 100 with second connector assembly 200. Flange 170 surrounds funnel 154 of receptacle 152. The funnel 154 is open at the front 156 to receive the second connector assembly 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the first connector assembly 100 includes a cable seal 190 configured to seal between the housing 130 and the cable 120. The cable seal 190 may be received in the contact channel 138 to engage and seal the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the first connector assembly 100 includes a housing seal 192 configured to seal between the housing 130 and the TPA device 150. The housing seal 192 may be received in the cavity 162 to engage and seal the TPA device 150. In an exemplary embodiment, the first connector assembly 100 includes a mating surface seal 194 configured to seal the mating surface between the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200. The interface seal 194 may be received in the receptacle 152 to engage and seal the second connector assembly 200 when the second connector assembly 200 is inserted into the receptacle 152.FIG. 28 is a front perspective view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 29 is a sectional view of the first connector assembly 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. When assembled, the housing 130 is received within the cavity 162 of the TPA device 150. The enclosure 160 encloses the housing 130. The housing 130 positions the contact 122 for mating with the second connector assembly 200. In the assembled state, the contact 122 and the cable 120 are received in the contact channel 138. The retainer legs 140 secure the contact 122 in the housing 130. In an exemplary embodiment, the mating end of the contact 122 protrudes forward of the housing 130 into a contact channel 168 of the TPA device 150.In an exemplary embodiment, the receptacle 152 is opened at the front side 156 of the TPA device 150 to receive the second connector assembly 200. The funnel 154 serves to guide the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the funnel 154 is tapered inwardly. The funnel 154 includes insertion surfaces 172 that extend from the flange 170 to a base wall 174 at the bottom or back of the receptacle 152. The contact channels 168 are opened through the base wall 174. The base wall 174 forms a stop wall that forms a stop for the insertion of the second plug connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152. The base wall 174 serves to position the second connector assembly 200 for mating with the contacts 122. The insertion surfaces 172 guide the second connector assembly 200 along the base wall 174. In an exemplary embodiment, the insertion surfaces 172 provide insertions at the top, bottom, and both sides of the funnel 154 to allow misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 from either direction into the receptacle 152. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 has a shape complementary to the funnel 154 to ultimately align the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 in the receptacle 152 (e.g., axial and angular alignment).The cable seal 190 is shown in the contact channel 138 to engage and seal the cable 120 and the housing 130 from each other. The housing seal 192 is shown in the cavity 162 to engage and seal against the housing 130 and the TPA device 150. The interface seal 194 is shown in the receptacle 152 sealed to the TPA device 150 and configured to engage and seal against the second connector assembly 200 when the second connector assembly 200 is inserted into the receptacle 152.FIG. 30 is an exploded view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an exemplary embodiment. The second connector assembly 200 includes the electrical connector 210 having the cable 220 and the contact 222 connected to the end of the cable 220. The second connector assembly 200 includes the housing 230 that serves to retain the contact 222 and the cable 220, as well as the TPA device 250 that is used to ensure proper positioning of the contact 222 within the housing 230.The housing 230 includes a body 232 extending between a front face 234 and a back face 236. The housing 230 includes a contact channel 238 that extends through the body 232 to receive the contact 222. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 includes contact retainer legs 240 that serve as primary securing means for securing the contact 222 within the housing 230. Each contact retaining leg 240 is configured to cooperate with the retaining feature 228 of the contact 222 to retain the contact 222 within the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 includes a housing latch 242 that serves to secure the housing 230 to the support frame 300 and / or the TPA device 250.The TPA device 250 extends between a front surface 256 and a rear surface 258. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a sheath 260 that surrounds a cavity 262 that receives the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, cavity 262 is open at rear 258 to receive housing 230. The enclosure 260 includes one or more snap features 264 to snap couple the TPA device 250 to the support frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the latching features 264 are configured to be coupled to the support frame 300 at various positions, for example to enable positioning of the TPA device 250 in an initial or preset position and in a normal or set position. The TPA device 250 can be axially moved, for example, parallel to the mating axis between the preset position and the set position. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is used to block or maintain the contact holder legs 240 in the adjusted position to prevent deflection of the contact holder legs 240 when the TPA device 250 is in the adjusted position.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes a nose cone 270 on the front face 256. In an exemplary embodiment, nose cone 270 is tapered inwardly. Nose cone 270 includes guide surfaces 272 that extend from an end wall 274 on front face 256 of TPA device 250 to enclosure 260. The contact channel 268 is opened by the end wall 274. The end wall 274 defines a stop wall to form a stop for insertion of the second connector assembly 200 into the receptacle 152 of the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the guide surfaces 272 provide guidance at the top, bottom, and both sides of the nose cone 270 to accommodate misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 from either direction into the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the nose cone 270 of the second connector assembly 200 has a complementary shape to the funnel 154 of the first connector assembly 100 to align the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 within the receptacle 152 (e.g., axial and angular alignment).The holding frame 300 serves to hold the electrical connector 210. In an exemplary embodiment, the electrical connector 210 has six mechanical degrees of freedom with respect to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 is axially floatingly movable in X, Y and Z directions as well as rotationally movable about a central pivot point in yaw, tilt and roll directions relative to the holding frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in an X direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Y direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of floating axial movement of the electrical connector 210 in a Z direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a yaw direction; the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a tilt direction; and the support frame 300 allows a limited amount of rotational floating movement of the electrical connector 210 in a roll direction.In an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 300 includes a connector attachment device 302, a pivot frame 304, an X-carriage 306, and a Y-carriage 308. The connector attachment device 302 holds the electrical connector 210, such as the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210. The pivot frame 304 holds the connector attachment device 302. The X-carriage 306 supports the pivot frame 304. The Y carriage 308 supports the X carriage 306. In alternative embodiments, other arrangements are also possible, for example, the Y-carriage 308 supporting the pivot frame 304 and / or the X-carriage 306 supporting the Y-carriage 308. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is axially movable relative to the connector attachment device 302 in a Z-direction parallel to the mating axis. The pivot frame 304 is axially movable relative to the X carriage 306 in the X direction. The X-carriage 306 is axially movable relative to the Y-carriage in the Y-direction. The interaction between the housing 230, the connector attachment device 302, the pivot frame 304, the X-sled 306, and the Y-sled 308 compensates for misalignment of the second connector assembly 200 with the first connector assembly 100 due to position and physical variances to accommodate X, Y, and Z mating tolerances. In an exemplary embodiment, the connector attachment device 302 is rotatable relative to the pivot frame 304 in a yaw direction, a pitch direction, and a roll direction to accommodate angular tolerances in the X-Y, Y-Z, and Y-Z planes.The connector attachment device 302 includes a sleeve 310 having a cavity 312 configured to receive the housing 230. The sleeve 310 extends between a front side 314 and a back side 316. The cavity 312 may be open at the front 314 to receive the housing 230. In an exemplary embodiment, the sleeve 310 includes a retainer boss 318 that serves to secure the TPA device 250 to the sleeve 310. Optionally, the sleeve 310 may include a plurality of retainer legs 318 axially offset from one another to enable positioning of the TPA device 250 in various positions, such as a preset position and a set position.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector attachment device 302 includes a pivot member 320 configured to be pivotally coupled to the pivot frame 304. In the illustrated embodiment, the pivot member 320 includes a hemispherical protrusion 322 on the outside of the sleeve 310. Optionally, the connector attachment device 302 may include a pair of the pivot members 320 on opposite sides of the sleeve 310. The pivot member 320 is sized and shaped to allow rotation of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 320 includes a control slot 324 in the hemispherical protrusion 322. The control slot 324 serves to control the angular rotation of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. The control slot 324 may be in the form of an hourglass, for example, to allow rotation of the pivot member 320 within the pivot of the pivot frame 304. In alternative embodiments, the control slot 324 may also have a different shape.In an exemplary embodiment, one or more biasing members 330 are configured to be disposed between the connector attachment device 302 and the housing 230. The biasing member 330 may be received in the cavity 312. The biasing member 330 is compressible to apply a spring force to the connector attachment device 302 and / or the housing 230. The biasing member 330 is configured to bias the housing 230 forward relative to the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302, for example. The biasing member 330 maintains the housing 230 in a forward biased position for mating with the first connector assembly 100. The biasing member 330 may be compressed by the housing 230 during mating with the first connector assembly 100. The biasing member 330 allows the housing 230 to move relative to the connector attachment device 302 of the holding frame 300 in the Z direction that is parallel to the mating axis.In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot frame 304 is a multi-piece frame having a first frame member 340 and a second frame member 342 configured to mate together to form the pivot frame 304. The frame members 340, 342 extend along opposite sides of the connector attachment means 302. The pivot frame 304 includes an opening 344 between the frame members 340, 342. Optionally, the frame members 340, 342 may be identical or mirror images of each other.In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot frame 304 includes slots 346 in the frame members 340, 342. The slots 346 are configured to receive attachment portions of the X-carriage 306 that serve to attach the X-carriage 306 to the pivot frame 304. In alternative embodiments, other types of attachment features may also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 346 are elongated to allow axial movement of the X-carriage 306 relative to the pivot frame 304.The pivot frame 304 includes pivot members 350 that receive the pivot members 320 of the connector attachment device 302. The pivot members 350 are provided on opposite sides of the opening 344. For example, each of the frame members 340, 342 includes a corresponding pivot member 350. In an exemplary embodiment, each pivot member 350 is a hemispherical socket 352 configured to receive the corresponding hemispherical protrusion 322 of the connector attachment device 302. The hemispherical protrusion 322 is rotatable within the hemispherical socket 352 to allow rotational movement of the connector attachment device 302, and thus the electrical connector 210, relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 350 includes a control rib 354 that extends into the hemispherical socket 352. The control rib 354 is configured to be received within the corresponding control sleeve 324 of the hemispherical protrusion 322. The control rib 354 may move in the control slot 324 as the connector attachment device 302 rotates or pivots relative to the pivot frame 304. The interaction between the control rib 354 and the hemispherical protrusion 322 controls the amount of floating movement of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. For example, the control rib 354 is configured to abut the hemispherical protrusion 322 to limit or control the angular movement of the connector attachment device 302 relative to the pivot frame 304. In an exemplary embodiment, the pivot member 320 is capable of rotating relative to the pivot member 350 in multiple directions, such as a yaw direction, a pitch direction, and a roll direction.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-sled 306 is configured to be coupled to the pivot frame 304. However, in alternative embodiments, the Y-sled 308 may be coupled to the pivot frame 304. The X-carriage 306 includes a plate 360 having an opening 362 configured to receive the electrical connector 210. The opening 362 may be centered in the plate 360. The opening 362 may be oversized relative to the electrical connector 210 to allow movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the X-sled 306, such as rotation and / or translation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the X-sled 306 within the opening 362.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-sled 306 includes flanges 364 extending from the plate 360, for example, the back side of the plate 360. The flanges 364 are configured to couple to the pivot frame 304. For example, the flanges 364 are received in the slots 346 of the pivot frame 304. The flanges 364 may be clipped or snapped to the pivot frame 304 to retain the pivot frame 304 to the plate 360. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 346 are oversized relative to the flanges 364 to allow axial movement of the flanges 364 within the slots 346, for example, in the X direction. The pivot frame 304 is thus configured to move in the X direction relative to the X carriage 306.In an exemplary embodiment, the X-carriage 306 includes slots 366 in the plate 360. The slots 366 are configured to receive attachment portions of the Y-carriage 308 that serve to attach the Y-carriage 308 to the X-carriage 306. In alternative embodiments, other types of attachment members may also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are elongated to allow axial movement of the Y-carriage 308 relative to the X-carriage 306. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the slots 346.In an exemplary embodiment, the Y-sled 308 is configured to be coupled to the X-sled 306. However, in alternative embodiments, the Y-sled 308 may also be coupled to the pivot frame 304. The Y-sled 308 includes a plate 370 having an opening 372 configured to receive the electrical connector 210. The aperture 372 may be centered in the plate 370. The opening 372 may be oversized relative to the electrical connector 210 to allow movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the Y-sled 308, such as rotation and / or translation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the Y-sled 308 within the opening 372.In an exemplary embodiment, the Y-sled 308 includes flanges 374 extending from the plate 370, such as from the back of the plate 370. The flanges 374 are configured to couple to the X-carriage 306. The flanges 374 are received in the slots 366 of the X-carriage 306, for example. The flanges 374 may be clipped or snapped to the X-sled 306 to retain the X-sled 306 on the plate 370. In an exemplary embodiment, the slots 366 are oversized relative to the flanges 374 to allow axial movement of the flanges 374 in the slots 366, for example, in the Y direction. The Y-carriage 308 is thus configured to move in the Y-direction relative to the X-carriage 306.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 includes a cable seal 290 configured to seal between the housing 230 and the cable 220. The cable seal 290 may be received in the contact channel 238 to engage the housing 230 and seal against it. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 includes a housing seal 292 configured to seal between the housing 230 and the TPA device 250. The housing seal 292 may be received in the cavity 262 to engage and seal against the TPA device 250.FIG. 31 is a front perspective view of the housing 230 showing the housing 230 in an open position to receive the cable seal 290, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 32 is a front perspective view of the housing 230 showing the housing 230 in a closed position, according to an example embodiment. FIG. 33 is a rear perspective view of the housing 230 showing the housing 230 in the closed position, according to an example embodiment.In an example embodiment, the housing 230 includes one or more clamping flaps 244 at the rear 236. The pinch door(s) 244 is(are) configured to be opened and closed. The pinch door(s) 244 is(are) movable between open and closed positions. The pinch door(s) 244 is(are) opened to receive the cable seal 290, the contact 222, and the cable 220. The clamping door(s) 244 is(are) closed to clamp the cable 220 and retain the cable 220 and contact 222 within the housing 230. In various embodiments, the cable seal may be inserted into the housing 230 when the pinch flaps 244 are fully open. The contact 222 and the cable 220 may be inserted into the housing 230 when the clamping flaps 244 are fully or partially opened. For example, prior to fully closing the terminal tabs 244, a gap is defined between the terminal tabs 244 to receive the contact 222 and the cable 220. Once the contact 22 and cable 220 are installed, the clamping flaps 244 may be fully closed to retain the cable 220 within the housing 230. In various embodiments, the housing 230 may include a single clamping flap on one side and a fixed cable mount on the opposite side, wherein the cable 220 is clamped between the fixed cable mount and the clamping flap 244. In alternative embodiments, the housing 230 includes a pair of clamping flaps 244 disposed on opposite sides of the housing 230 that close around the cable 220 to clamp the cable 220 within the housing 230. The clamping flaps 244 may be spread apart to facilitate attachment and then closed over a tapered wedge to "bite" into the cable 220 to provide additional support and security for the cable 220.In an exemplary embodiment, each of the clamping flaps 244 includes a cable channel 245 that receives the cable 220. The cable channel 245 may have a radius of curvature that corresponds to the curvature of the cable 220. In an exemplary embodiment, the clamping flaps 244 are coupled to the main body 232 of the housing 230 by living hinges 246 integrally formed with the body 232 and the clamping flaps 244.In an exemplary embodiment, the clamping flaps 244 are configured to be pressed or clamped by the TPA device 250 about the cable 220. For example, when the housing 230 is inserted into the TPA device 250, the clamping flaps 244 may be automatically closed when the clamping flaps 244 engage the rear of the TPA device 250. For example, when the TPA device 250 is moved rearward, the TPA device 250 may slide along the clamping flaps 244 to clamp or press the clamping flaps 244 inward to clamp the clamping flaps 244 to the cable 220.In an exemplary embodiment, the housing 230 includes connectors 248 on the sides of the body 232 of the housing 230. The fasteners 248 may be flanges, protrusions, tabs, grooves, openings, slots, or other types of fasteners. In an exemplary embodiment, the connectors 248 are for stacking the housing 230 with another identical housing to form a module or electrical connector 210 having multiple contacts 222 and cables 220. For example, the connector 248 on the left side of the housing may be connected to a complementary connector on the right side of an adjacent housing, and vice versa.FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of housings 230 prepared for mating to form a modular housing stack. The connectors 248 of the adjacent housings 230 are configured to mate to stack the housings 230 in the stack. Depending on the number of desired contacts 222 in the electrical connector, any number of housings 230 may be stacked on top of each other. In various embodiments, the housings 230 may receive various types of contacts 222 to form a modular mating interface.FIG. 35 is a front perspective view of a pair of nested housings 230 showing the pinch flaps 244 in an open position. FIG. 36 is a front perspective view of a pair of nested housings 230 showing the pinch flaps 244 in a closed position. In an exemplary embodiment, the pinch flaps 244 include connecting features 247, such as tabs, flanges, slots, grooves, and the like, that are coupled together to enable opening and closing of the pinch flaps 244 as a group.FIG. 37 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device 302 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 38 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device 302 showing a portion of the housing 230 relative to the connector attachment device 302. FIG. 39 is a sectional view of the connector attachment device 302 showing a portion of the TPA device 250 with respect to the connector attachment device 302.The connector attachment device 302 includes the sleeve 310 that forms the cavity 312 that receives the housing 230 and the enclosure 260 of the TPA device 250. The retainer boss 318 is disposed along the sidewall and extends into the cavity 312 to cooperate with the TPA device 250. In an exemplary embodiment, the connector attachment device 302 includes retainer legs 280 that extend from the end wall 315 into the cavity 312. The retainer legs 280 serve to position the housing 230 within the cavity 312. When the retainer legs 280 engage the housing 230, the retainer legs 280 retain the housing 230 in an extended or forward position. The retainer legs 280 are configured to be detached from the housing 230 to allow the housing 230 to move in the Z direction, for example further rearward into the cavity 312. In an exemplary embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are movable between engaged positions and released positions. The retainer legs 280 maintain the housing 230 in the extended position when in the latched positions. The housing 230 may move from the extended position to the released position when the retainer legs 280 are in the released position. In an exemplary embodiment, the enclosure 260 of the TPA device 250 is used to disengage the locking detents 280. For example, when the TPA device 250 is pushed rearward into the cavity 312, the rearward end of the enclosure 260 engages the retainer legs 280 and pushes the retainer legs 280 inward to release the retainer legs 280 from the housing 230.FIG. 40 is a partially assembled view of a portion of the second connector assembly 200 showing the electrical connector 210 coupled to the connector attachment feature 302 and the pivot frame 304 prepared for attachment to the connector attachment feature 302. During mating, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is received in the cavity 312 of the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is configured to be coupled to the sleeve 310. For example, the snap features 264 are configured to be coupled to the retainer legs 318 of the connector attachment device 302. The support legs 318 support the TPA device 250 in one or more predetermined positions. For example, multiple retainer legs 318 may be provided at different axial positions to retain the TPA device 250 at different axial positions relative to the sleeve 310. The TPA device 250 may be initially maintained in a preset position in which the TPA device 250 is only partially or initially coupled to the housing 230. The contact 222 and the cable 220 are configured to be inserted into the housing 230 when the TPA device 250 is in the preset position. For example, the TPA device 250 does not block the retainer legs of the housing 230 so that the contact 222 can be inserted into the housing 230 and engage the retainer legs. After the contact 222 is inserted into the housing 230, the TPA device 250 can be moved to the set position by pushing the TPA device 250 rearward relative to the housing 230 and or the connector attachment device 302. In the adjusted position, the detent features 264 engage the rear retainer legs 318 to retain the TPA device 250 in the adjusted position.During mating, the pivot frame 304 is coupled to the connector attachment device 302. For example, the pivot elements 350 are aligned with the pivot elements 320. The frame members 340, 342 are coupled together around the connector attachment device 302. During assembly, the control ribs 354 are received in the control slots 324. The hemispherical protrusions 322 are received in the hemispherical sockets 352. When assembled, the connector attachment device 302 and thus the electrical connector 210 are rotatable relative to the pivot frame 304 in one or more rotational directions, for example in all three angular degrees of freedom.FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of the second connector assembly 200 according to an example embodiment. In the assembled state, the electrical connector 210 is coupled to the holding frame 300. The second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow the electrical connector 210 to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions.During mating, the housing 230 of the electrical connector 210 is received in the cavity 312 of the sleeve 310 of the connector attachment device 302. The biasing member 330 is coupled between the housing 230 and the connector attachment device 302. For example, the front ends of the biasing members 330 engage the rear surface 236 of the housing 230 and the rear ends of the biasing members 330 engage an end wall 315 on the rear surface 316 of the sleeve 310. In an exemplary embodiment, the end wall 315 includes a cable channel 317 therethrough that receives the cable 220. Optionally, portions of the housing 230 may also be received in the conduits 317.In an exemplary embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are provided between the housing 230 and the sleeve 310 that retain the housing 230 in an extended position relative to the sleeve 310. In the illustrated embodiment, the extended position is a forward position. The housing 230 cannot move rearward into the cavity 312 when the retainer legs 280 are engaged. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are part of the sleeve 310 and are configured to engage or seat on the rear portion of the housing 230. However, in alternative embodiments, the retainer legs 280 may also be part of the housing 230. The retainer legs 280 are detachable to allow the housing 230 to move into the cavity 312 in the Z direction, which is parallel to the mating direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 includes release members configured to cooperate with the retainer legs 280 to release the retainer legs 280 and enable axial movement of the housing 230 relative to the connector attachment device 302. For example, when the TPA device 250 is moved rearwardly, the release members engage the retainer legs 280 and urge the retainer legs 280 inwardly to release the retainer legs 280 from the support wall of the sleeve 310. When the TPA device 250 is in the rearward position, the release members engage and maintain the retainer legs 280 in the released position. In an exemplary embodiment, when the electrical connector 210 is mated with the first connector assembly 100, the electrical connector 210 may be slid rearward and the housing 230 may be moved rearward into the cavity 312 against the spring bias of the biasing members 330. The biasing members 330 urge the housing 230 and the contacts 222 forward to maintain a reliable electrical connection with the first connector assembly 100.In an exemplary embodiment, the TPA device 250 is coupled to the housing 310. For example, the latching features 264 are coupled to the retainer legs 318 of the connector attachment device 302. The TPA device 250 may be initially maintained in a preset position (FIGS. 41 and 42 ) in which the TPA device 250 is only partially or initially coupled to the housing 230. The TPA device 250 can be moved rearward to a set position by pushing the TPA device 250 rearward relative to the housing 230 and / or the connector attachment device 302. The ends of the contacts 222 may be in the adjusted position forward of the plug end 252 of the TPA device 250 to cooperate with the contacts of the first connector assembly 100.During mating, the pivot frame 304 is coupled to the connector mount 302, the X-sled 306 is coupled to the pivot frame 304, and the Y-sled 308 is coupled to the X-sled 306. The pivot members 320 are coupled to the pivot members 350. The pivot members 320 are rotatable within the pivot members 350. In an exemplary embodiment, the control ribs 354 control the amount of angular movement of the hemispherical protrusion 322 in the hemispherical socket 352. Moreover, the edges or end portions of the pivot members 320, 350 may abut each other to limit the amount of rotational movement of the connector attachment device 302, and thus the electrical connector 210, relative to the pivot frame 304. In various embodiments, the pivot frame 304 may allow for ±5° angular movement. However, the pivot frame 304 may be configured to allow greater or lesser angular movement in alternative embodiments.When assembled, the flanges 364 of the X-carriage 306 are coupled to the pivot frame 304. The flanges 364 are movable within the slot 346 to allow movement of the pivot frame 304 (and thus the connector attachment device 302 and the electrical connector 210) in the X direction. Similarly, the flanges 374 of the Y-carriage 308 are coupled to the X-carriage 306. The flanges 374 are movable within the slots 366 to allow Y-direction movement of the X-carriage 306 (and thus the pivot frame 304 and the connector attachment 302 and the electrical connector 210).FIGS. 43 to 46 show a mating sequence of the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200 according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 43 shows the connector assemblies 100, 200 ready for mating. FIG. 44 shows the partially mated connector assemblies 100, 200. FIG. 45 shows the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 that are further assembled. FIG. 46 shows the fully mated connector assemblies 100, 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the connector assemblies 100, 200 are configured for blind mating. The plug connector assemblies 100, 200 have, for example, self-aligning features with a tolerance range which allow self-alignment of the plug connection surfaces of the plug connector assemblies 100, 200 during the plugging process. In various embodiments, the connector assemblies 100, 200 may be plugged together by an automated mating operation using robots or machines to plug the connector assemblies 100, 200 together.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move or float during mating to align with the first connector assembly 100 during mating. For example, the second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more axial directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. The second connector assembly 200 may float in one or more angular directions to align with the first connector assembly 100. In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow it to move with six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the first connector assembly 100. For example, the second connector assembly 200 has axial floating mobility in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotational floating mobility about a central pivot point in the yaw, roll, and roll directions. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are capable of compensating for some misalignment in virtually all orientations due to positional or physical deviations (e.g., tolerances). For example, the connector assemblies 100, 200 accommodate X, Y, and Z tolerances as well as three angular tolerances in the planes X-Y, X-Z, and Y-Z to enable blind mating. Floating the connectors in all axial and angular degrees of freedom ensures that the terminated cables of the connector assemblies 100, 200 can be successfully plugged together without compromising signal integrity. For example, the second connector assembly 200 is provided with features that allow axial and rotational floating such that the misalignment of the modules does not affect the ability of the connector halves to mate and thus the alignment of the terminated cables and the transmission of the high quality RF signal.During mating, the mating end 212 of the electrical connector 210 is generally aligned with the mating end 112 of the electrical connector 110 (FIG. 43). Nose cone 270 is generally aligned with funnel 154. The funnel 154 has an enlarged surface for receiving the nose cone 270. For example, the opening of the funnel 154 is larger than the tip of the nose cone 270 to engage and guide the nose cone 270 into the funnel 154. Any axial or angular misalignment may be accommodated by the support frame 300. For example, the electrical connector 210 may be moved in the X, Y, or Z direction and / or the electrical connector 210 may be moved in the yaw, pitch, or roll direction to properly align the electrical connectors 210, 110 during the mating operation. For example, the pivot frame 304 may receive rotation of the electrical connector 210 in each of the rotational directions. The connector attachment device 302, the X-carriage 306, and the Y-carriage 308 may allow the electrical connector 210 to be slid in one of the axial directions. The guide surfaces 272 of the nose cone 270 engage the lead-in surfaces 172 to guide the nose cone 270 in proper alignment in the receptacle 152. The connector assemblies 100, 200 are mated along the mating axis until the end wall 274 abuts the base wall 174 (FIG. 44 ) and / or the mating surface seal 194 abuts the base wall 174.Upon initial mating, the TPA device 250 is in the preset or forward position (FIG. 44 ). The TPA device 250 covers the contacts 222 to prevent damage to the contacts 222 during mating. After the end wall 274 abuts the base wall 174, the TPA device 250 moves rearward to the second position as the connector assemblies 100, 200 are further mated (FIG. 45 ). The detent features 264 of the TPA device 250 move from the front retainer legs 318 to the rear retainer legs 318. The end wall 274 is moved toward the housing 230. In the adjusted position, the end wall 274 optionally abuts the front face 234 of the housing 230. When the TPA device 250 is moved to the set position, the ends of the contacts 222 project beyond the end wall 274 and are received by the electrical connector 110 and mate with the contacts 122. The contacts 222 are, for example, pin contacts and the contacts 122 are socket contacts, wherein the pin contacts are received in the socket contacts to establish an electrical connection between the first and the second plug connector assemblies 100, 200.In an exemplary embodiment, the second connector assembly 200 may yield continued mating (e.g., over-mating) in the mating direction. For example, when the first and second connector assemblies 100, 200 are initially mated (FIG. 45 ), a gap 284 may exist between the flange 170 and the retaining frame. During the further assembly, the gap can close until the flange 170 abuts the holding frame 300 (FIG. 46 ). The electrical connector 210 is movable in the Z direction to accommodate the closing of the gap 284. For example, the TPA device 250 may slide rearward along the connector attachment device 302. The housing 230 may move rearward in the cavity 312 and compress the biasing members 330. When the biasing members 330 are compressed, the biasing members 330 exert a greater spring force in the forward direction on the housing 230, thereby urging the contacts 222 forward into the contacts 122 to maintain a reliable electrical connection and an RF signal between the contacts 222, 122.FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a partially fitted state corresponding to FIG. 45, FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a fully fitted state corresponding to FIG. 46. The connector attachment device 302 includes the retainer legs 280 that extend from the end wall 315 into the cavity 312. The retainer legs 280 serve to position the housing 230 within the cavity 312. When the retainer legs 280 engage the housing 230, the retainer legs 280 retain the housing 230 in an extended or forward position. The retainer legs 280 are configured to be detached from the housing 230 to allow the housing 230 to move in the Z direction, for example further rearward into the cavity 312. In an exemplary embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are movable between engaged positions and released positions. The retainer legs 280 maintain the housing 230 in the extended position when in the latched positions. The housing 230 may move from the extended position to the released position when the retainer legs 280 are in the released position. In an exemplary embodiment, the enclosure 260 of the TPA device 250 includes release members 282 that are used to release the retainer legs 280. For example, when the TPA device 250 is pushed rearward into the cavity 312, the release members 282 at the rearward end of the enclosure 260 engage the retainer legs 280 and push the retainer legs 280 inward to release the retainer legs 280 from the housing 230.FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a partially fitted state corresponding to FIG. 45, FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view of the connector assemblies 100, 200 in a fully fitted state corresponding to FIG. 46. FIGS. 49 and 50 show the retainer legs 280 between the housing 230 and the sleeve 310 retaining the housing 230 in an extended position relative to the sleeve 310. The housing 230 cannot move rearward into the cavity 312 when the retainer legs 280 are engaged. In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer legs 280 are part of the sleeve 310 and are configured to engage or seat on a portion of the housing 230.The retainer legs 280 are detachable to allow the housing 230 to move into the cavity 312 in the Z direction, which is parallel to the mating direction. FIGS. 49 and 50 show the movement of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the Z direction. For example, FIG. 49 shows the electrical connector 210 in a forward position relative to the holder frame 300 and FIG. 50 shows the electrical connector 210 in a rearward position relative to the holder frame 300. In an exemplary embodiment, when the electrical connector 210 is mated with the first connector assembly 100, the electrical connector 210 may be slid rearward with the retainer legs 280 released, and the housing 230 may be moved rearward into the cavity 312 against the spring bias of the biasing members 330.FIGS. 51 and 52 show the axial movement of the electrical plug connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the X direction. For example, FIG. 51 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced to the right relative to the holding frame 300 and FIG. 52 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced to the left relative to the holding frame 300. The X-carriage 306 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the X-direction. For example, the flanges 364 are configured to move axially within the slots 346 of the pivot frame 304 to allow movement in the X direction.FIGS. 53 and 54 show an axial movement of the electrical plug connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the Y direction. For example, FIG. 53 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced upward relative to the holding frame 300 and FIG. 54 shows the electrical connector 210 displaced downward relative to the holding frame 300. The Y-carriage 308 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the Y-direction. For example, the flanges 374 are configured to move axially within the slots 366 of the X-carriage 306 to allow movement in the Y-direction.FIGS. 55-57 illustrate the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the support frame 300 at a pivot point. FIG. 55 illustrates the yaw rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the support frame 300. FIG. 56 illustrates the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holder frame 300 in the tilting direction. FIG. 57 illustrates the rotation of the electrical connector 210 relative to the holding frame 300 in the rolling direction. The pivot frame 304 receives the movement of the electrical connector 210 in the angular directions. For example, the hemispherical protrusion 322 may pivot or rotate within the hemispherical socket 352. The connector attachment device 302 may abut the pivot frame 304 to limit the amount (e.g., angle) of rotation (e.g., nose up or down, nose to side, or body rotation). For example, the control rib 354 may limit the amount of rotation (see, e.g., FIG. 56 ). The sides or walls of the connector attachment device 302 may limit the amount of rotation when engaging the pivot frame 304 (see, for example, FIGS. 55 and 57).References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedUS 63 / 530,000

[0001] US 63 / 582,000

[0001]

Claims

A connector assembly (200) comprising: an electrical connector (210) comprising a housing (230) having a contact channel (238) and a contact (222) held in the contact channel, the contact being connected to an end (214) of a cable, the cable (220) extending from the housing, the electrical connector comprising a terminal position assurance (TPA) device (250) coupled to the housing and operatively ensuring proper positioning of the contact in the contact channel (268), and the electrical connector comprising a mating end (212); and a holder frame (300) configured to hold the electrical connector, the holder frame comprising an opening (344), the electrical connector being suspended from the holder frame and received in the opening, and the mating end being in front of the holder frame to mate with a mating electrical connector (110); wherein the electrical connector has six mechanical degrees of freedom relative to the holder frame.The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the support frame (300) allows a limited amount of floating axial movement in an X direction, the support frame allows a limited amount of floating axial movement in a Y direction, the support frame allows a limited amount of floating axial movement in a Z direction, the support frame allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement in a yaw direction, the support frame allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement in a pitch direction, and the support frame allows a limited amount of floating rotational movement in a roll direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the support frame (300) includes at least one pivot joint to enable rotational movement of the electrical connector (210) in at least one angular direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the housing (230) comprises a primary latch (240) configured to be latchably coupled to the contact (222) to retain the contact in the contact channel (238), wherein the TPA (250) is movable between a preset position and a set position, the primary latch is deflectable when the TPA is in the preset position, and the TPA blocks the primary latch in the set position to prevent deflection of the primary latch.The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the support frame (300) comprises a connector attachment device (302), a pivot frame (304), an X-sled (306), and a Y-sled (308), the connector attachment device supporting the electrical connector (210), the pivot frame comprising an opening (344) comprising the connector attachment device and the electrical connector with the mating end (212) forward of the pivot frame for mating with the mating electrical connector, the pivot frame supporting the connector attachment device, the X-sled supporting the pivot frame, and the Y-sled supporting the X-sled; wherein the housing (230) is axially movable relative to the connector attachment device in a Z-direction parallel to a mating axis with the mating electrical connector; the connector attachment device is rotatable relative to the pivot frame in a yaw direction, a pitch direction, and a roll direction, wherein the yaw, pitch, and roll directions are mutually exclusive; the pivot frame is axially movable relative to the pivot frame in an X direction perpendicular to the Z direction; and the X carriage is axially movable relative to the Y carriage in a Y direction perpendicular to the X direction and perpendicular to the Z direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 5, wherein the connector attachment device (302) comprises a sleeve (310) having a cavity (312), the housing (230) being received in the cavity and movable in the cavity in a direction parallel to a mating axis, a biasing member (320) coupled between the sleeve in the housing, and the biasing member being compressible along the mating axis to bias the housing forwardly toward the mating electrical connector (110).The connector assembly (200) of claim 6, further comprising a retainer branch (318) between the sleeve (310) and the housing (230) to retain the housing and the sleeve in an extended position, wherein the TPA (250) releases the retainer branch to allow the housing and the sleeve to move to a compressed position.The connector assembly (200) of claim 5, wherein the connector attachment device (302) comprises a pivot member (320), the pivot frame (304) comprising a pivot member (350) that cooperates with the pivot member of the connector attachment device to control the rotational position of the electrical connector (210) relative to the support frame (300) in at least one rotational degree of freedom.The connector assembly (200) of claim 8, wherein the pivoting elements (320) control the rotational position of the electrical connector relative to the retaining frame (300) in all 3 rotational degrees of freedom.The connector assembly (200) of claim 8, wherein the pivot member (320) of the connector attachment device (302) comprises a hemispherical protrusion (322), wherein the pivot member of the pivot frame (304) comprises a hemispherical socket (352) that receives the hemispherical protrusion.The connector assembly (200) of claim 10, wherein the pivot member (320) of the pivot frame (304) comprises a control rib (354) extending into the hemispherical socket (352), the pivot member of the connector attachment device (302) comprising a control slot (324) in the hemispherical protrusion (322) that receives the control rib, the control rib being capable of moving in the control slot a limited amount to control an amount of angular movement of the connector attachment device relative to the pivot frame.The connector assembly (200) of claim 5, wherein the X-sled (306) comprises a plate (360) having an opening (362) and a flange (364) extending from the plate, the opening receiving the electrical connector (210), the flange coupled to the pivot frame (304), and the pivot frame movable relative to the X-sled in an axial direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 12, wherein the pivot frame (304) comprises a slot (346) that receives the flange (364), the flange movable in the slot in the axial direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 5, wherein the Y-sled (308) comprises a plate (370) having an opening (372) and a flange (374) extending from the plate, the opening receiving the electrical connector (210), the flange coupled to the X-sled (306), and the X-sled is movable relative to the Y-sled in an axial direction.The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the contact (222) is one of a plurality of contacts supported by the housing (230).The connector assembly (200) of claim 1, wherein the TPA (250) comprises a mating surface configured to cooperate with the mating electrical connector (110) at the mating end (212) of the electrical connector, the mating surface comprising insertion surfaces (272) defining an insertion window in at least two non-parallel directions.

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