Circuit layout, vehicle electrical system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement (100). The circuit arrangement (100) comprises an input interface (10) for electrical connection to an electrical power source (201), an output interface (90) for electrical connection to an electrical functional element (110), and an input circuit (20) with at least one filter component (21). Furthermore, the circuit arrangement (100) comprises a functional circuit (30) for monitoring at least one electrical output variable at the output interface (90).Furthermore, at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) of a short-circuit protection device (70) is electrically arranged in the input circuit (20), wherein the safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) can be converted from a closed state to an open state, wherein in the open state of the safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) a current flow through the safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) is interrupted, and wherein the safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) is designed to convert from the closed state to the open state when a short-circuit criterion is met.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement, an on-board network with such a circuit arrangement and a vehicle with such an on-board network.

[0002] An electrical system can comprise at least one electrical power source and several electrical power components, whereby the at least one electrical power source is electrically connected, or connectable, to each of the several electrical power components via a respective current path. Increasingly, electronic fuses, so-called e-fuses, are used in the current paths instead of, or in addition to, conventional fuses to protect the current paths. This can affect the complexity and susceptibility to faults in the electrical system. In particular, the number of potential fault sources increases with a growing number of components in the electrical system, which can also affect the functional reliability of vehicle safety-relevant components and / or influence the guarantee of functional reliability.

[0003] For highly available electrical energy components, e.g. for partially and highly automated driving or for X-by-Wire systems, short-circuit criticality can become a priority, as particularly high integrity requirements are demanded of on-board networks for the fail-operational supply of the highly available components.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a circuit arrangement or an on-board power supply with such a circuit arrangement or a vehicle with such an on-board power supply which is designed to be particularly simple, especially in terms of its components, and / or is designed to be particularly safe and / or is particularly cost-effective.

[0005] The foregoing problem is solved by a circuit arrangement having the features of claim 1, an on-board electrical system having the features of claim 7, and a vehicle having the features of claim 10. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the circuit arrangement according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the on-board electrical system and / or the vehicle according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosure regarding the individual aspects of the invention always refers, or can refer, to each other.

[0006] According to a first aspect, the present invention discloses a circuit arrangement for a first electrical energy component of an on-board electrical system. The circuit arrangement comprises an input interface for electrical connection to an electrical energy source, an output interface for electrical connection to an electrical functional element for fulfilling a function of the first electrical energy component or for fulfilling a function of a vehicle, and an input circuit, wherein the input circuit comprises at least one filter component for filtering an electrical signal passing through the input interface, in particular for at least partially filtering out at least a component of interference from an electrical signal passing through the input interface.Furthermore, the circuit arrangement comprises a functional circuit for controlling at least one electrical output quantity at the output interface, wherein, in particular, the functional circuit has at least one switching device with at least one switching element, the switching element being controllable at least between a closed state and an open state. Furthermore, in the input circuit of the circuit arrangement, at least one fuse element of a short-circuit protection device is electrically arranged, wherein the at least one fuse element is convertible at least from a closed state to an open state, wherein in the open state of the at least one fuse element, a current flow is possible through the at least one fuse element, in particular a current flow through the at least one fuse element and the at least one filter component, such as, for example, a filter element.a capacitor (component), is interrupted, and wherein the at least one safety element is designed, in particular specifically designed, to change from the closed state to the open state when a short-circuit criterion is met.

[0007] The input interface of the circuit arrangement of the first electrical power component can, in particular, comprise a first counterpart-vehicle connector configured to correspond to a first vehicle connector. Furthermore, the input interface of the circuit arrangement of the first electrical power component is to be understood, in particular, as an interface of the vehicle electrical system to which a first vehicle electrical system branch, in particular a first branch end, can be directly connected, especially by means of a first vehicle connector.

[0008] At least one electrotechnical functional element to fulfill the function of the first electrical energy component can be, for example, an electric motor.

[0009] In particular, the input circuitry serves to protect the vehicle electrical system, e.g. by having at least one filter component filter out the dynamics of an electrical signal from the electrical signal, e.g. by using a smoothing capacitor.

[0010] The functional circuit serves to control, in particular to regulate and / or control, at least one electrical output variable at the output interface, specifically to control an electrical current and / or an electrical voltage and / or an electrical power. The functional circuit can include a switching element of at least one switching device that can be controlled between the closed and open states, wherein the switching element in particular comprises a semiconductor element such as a transistor, especially a MOSFET, and wherein the semiconductor element can be controlled between the closed and open states. The switching element can be controlled, for example, by means of a vehicle control device, in particular a vehicle control unit.

[0011] The phrase "whereby the safety element is designed to transition from the closed state to the open state when a short-circuit criterion is met" is intended to express, in particular, that the safety element either transitions itself from the closed state to the open state, e.g., a fuse as a safety element transitions itself from the closed state to the open state when a certain energy input or a melting integral (as a short-circuit criterion) has been exceeded. Thus, at least one safety element can itself form the short-circuit protection device. Or, alternatively to the automatic transition, the safety element, e.g., a controllable semiconductor switch as a safety element, can be transitioned from the closed state to the open state by a control signal, wherein the control signal is emitted when a short-circuit criterion, e.g.,This is fulfilled when a current threshold and / or a voltage threshold is exceeded.

[0012] Furthermore, the at least one filter component, e.g., a capacitor element, and the at least one fuse element can be arranged electrically in the input circuit such that, in the open state of the fuse element, only a partial current path of the input circuit with the at least one filter component, in particular only the at least one filter component, is or becomes inactive. Thus, the functionality of the first electrical power component can still be maintained, or substantially maintained, if necessary.

[0013] Because at least one protective element of a short-circuit protection device is electrically arranged in the input circuitry, a short circuit in the input circuitry, e.g., a short circuit in a capacitor (component) as at least one filter component of, for example, an EMC filter or a DC link of the input circuitry, can be prevented in the input circuitry itself. This minimizes, and in particular prevents, the tripping of any upstream overcurrent protection device and thus the potential shutdown of other power components of the vehicle electrical system. Furthermore, the functionality of the first electrical power component can be maintained or substantially maintained, e.g., because only a smoothing capacitor, as at least one part of the filter component, is omitted.This allows short-circuit criticality to be kept particularly low and a short-circuit FIT rate (FIT = failure in time) of the first electrical energy component and / or the vehicle electrical system to be particularly advantageous.

[0014] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the at least one locking element to be at least one local constriction in a conductor track. This allows the at least one locking element to be implemented in a particularly simple manner. In particular, the circuit arrangement can comprise a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the at least one locking element is a local constriction in a conductor track of the PCB of the circuit arrangement. The local constriction in the conductor track is, in particular, a constriction in the conductor track specifically designed to implement the at least one locking element. This constriction transitions from an electrically conductive state (the closed state) to an electrically insulating or interrupted state (the open state), in particular irreversibly, when a short-circuit criterion is met, e.g., when a certain energy input occurs or is exceeded.The local constriction of the conductor track, in particular the local constriction of the conductor track of the printed circuit board, can be realized by a local narrowing of the conductor track.

[0015] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the at least one safety element is a constriction, in particular a local constriction, of a capacitor component, wherein, in particular, the at least one filter component comprises the capacitor component with the constriction. The constriction of the capacitor component is, in particular, a constriction specifically designed to implement the at least one safety element, which transitions from an electrically conductive state (the closed state) to an electrically insulating or interrupted state (the open state), in particular irreversibly, when a short-circuit criterion is met, e.g., when a certain energy input occurs or is exceeded. The constriction of the capacitor component can, for example, be formed by and / or at a capacitor base of the capacitor component, e.g., by a local constriction of the capacitor base.

[0016] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the at least one safety element is a fuse element, in particular a fuse, wherein the fuse element transitions from an electrically conductive state (the closed state) to an electrically insulating or interrupted state (the open state), in particular irreversibly, when a short-circuit criterion is met, e.g., when a certain energy input occurs or is exceeded. Thus, the safety element can be designed in a particularly simple manner.

[0017] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous for at least one safety element to be a semiconductor component, e.g., a resistor or a diode, wherein the semiconductor component transitions, in particular, from an electrically conductive state (the closed state) to an electrically insulating or interrupted state (the open state), especially irreversibly, when a short-circuit criterion is met, e.g., when a certain energy input occurs or is exceeded. Thus, the safety element can be designed in a particularly simple manner.

[0018] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the at least one safety element to have at least one controllable semiconductor switch, and wherein the at least one controllable semiconductor switch is controllable by the circuit arrangement based on an electrical detection parameter, e.g., an electric current, detected by a detection device, and in particular can be switched between a closed state and an open state. Thus, the at least one safety element can be triggered particularly reliably and / or, after triggering the at least one safety element (i.e., after switching the at least one safety element from the closed state to the open state), reset in response to the fulfillment of a re-energizing criterion (e.g., after a repair of the circuit arrangement), i.e., switched from the open state to the closed state.

[0019] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the short-circuit protection device to have several protective elements, in particular several protective elements connected in series. In other words, the short-circuit protection device can have at least one protective element and at least one second protective element and / or further protective elements. Features and / or details and / or advantages and / or remarks mentioned above and below with respect to the at least one protective element can also be applied to the second protective element and / or further protective elements, e.g., a third protective element and / or a fourth protective element, and vice versa. With several protective elements, the circuit arrangement can be designed to be particularly safe against short circuits. For example,The short-circuit protection device may have at least two of the following protection elements electrically connected in series: a local constriction of a conductor track, a constriction of a capacitor component, a fuse element, a controllable semiconductor switch and / or a semiconductor component.

[0020] In a circuit arrangement according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the at least one filter component of the input circuit comprises a capacitor, in particular a smoothing capacitor, as an electrical component, wherein at least one fuse element is electrically connected in series with the capacitor. The capacitor can also be understood as a capacitor component. In particular, the input interface can be a multi-pole, e.g., a two-pole (V+, GND), input interface, wherein the series connection of the at least one fuse element and the capacitor is electrically connected in parallel to two poles of the multi-pole input interface. Thus, short-circuit protection can be particularly advantageous, especially if one or essentially one of the capacitors of the input circuit is connected to the electrical power source, e.g., a power supply.The electrical supply voltage, provided by the vehicle's electrochemical energy storage device and possibly converted from a first voltage level to a second voltage level, is directly applied to the capacitor, so that a short circuit in the capacitor can cause a high short-circuit current. Furthermore, at least one fuse element can be arranged in and / or on the capacitor, particularly within a capacitor housing. Thus, the short-circuit protection can be designed to be particularly advantageous and / or simple.

[0021] According to a second aspect, the present invention discloses an on-board power supply, in particular an electrical on-board power supply, for a vehicle. The on-board power supply comprises at least one electrical power source and at least one first electrical component interface, wherein an input interface of a circuit arrangement of a first electrical power component is electrically connected to the at least one first electrical component interface, and wherein the circuit arrangement of the first electrical power component is configured according to the invention. Furthermore, the on-board power supply comprises a second electrical component interface, wherein a second electrical power component is connected to the second electrical component interface.Furthermore, the vehicle electrical system comprises at least a first electrical current path for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source with the first electrical component interface for providing electrical energy at the input interface of the circuit arrangement of the first electrical energy component, and a second electrical current path for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source with the second electrical component interface for providing electrical energy to the second electrical energy component, wherein the first electrical current path and the second electrical current path are jointly formed at least in a first current path section.

[0022] The at least one electrical energy source can be an electrochemical energy storage device, e.g., a traction battery, and / or a vehicle's fuel cell system. In particular, the electrical energy source provides electrical supply voltage, which may be an electrical supply voltage converted from a first voltage level to a second voltage level.

[0023] The first electrical energy component is, in particular, an electrical energy consumer and / or an electrical energy generator.

[0024] The second electrical energy component is, in particular, an electrical energy consumer and / or an electrical energy generator.

[0025] The second electrical component interface for connecting a second electrical power component can, in particular, include a second counterpart vehicle connector designed to correspond to a second vehicle connector. Furthermore, the second electrical component interface is to be understood, in particular, as an interface of the vehicle electrical system to which a second branch of the vehicle electrical system, in particular a second branch end, can be directly connected, especially by means of a second vehicle connector.

[0026] The first electrical current path, at least in part, can be formed by (rigid or flexible) electrical conductors, in particular conductive traces, and / or at least in part by (rigid or flexible) electrical wires or cables. Furthermore, the second electrical current path can also be formed by (rigid or flexible) electrical conductors, in particular conductive traces, and / or at least in part by (rigid or flexible) electrical wires or cables.

[0027] In an on-board network according to the invention, it can be advantageous that the on-board network has an on-board network switching device arranged electrically in the first current path section, with at least one switching input and at least one switching output, wherein the on-board network switching device is controllable at least from a closed state to an open state, and wherein the at least one switching input is electrically oriented towards the electrical energy source and the at least one switching output is electrically oriented towards at least one first electrical component interface, wherein at least the first electrical current path is electrically designed to be fuse-free between the at least one switching output of the on-board network switching device and the first electrical component interface or the input interface of the circuit arrangement.

[0028] The phrase "whereby at least the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the vehicle electrical system switching device and the input interface of the circuit arrangement is designed to be electrically fuse-free" is intended to express, in particular, that the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the vehicle electrical system switching device and the input interface of the circuit arrangement is electrically unprotected. In other words, the first electrical current path, starting from the switching output of the vehicle electrical system switching device and extending to the first component interface or input interface of the circuit arrangement, is free of fuses, specifically free of electrical and mechanical fuses. A fuse in this context can be understood as an overcurrent protection device or a part thereof, for example.A fuse and / or a semiconductor switch of an electronic fuse (e-fuse) is used. This significantly reduces the number of potential fault sources in the vehicle electrical system. Because at least one fuse element is electrically integrated into the input circuit of the first electrical power component, a short circuit in the input circuit of the first electrical power component, for example, a short circuit in a capacitor, can be prevented at the input circuit. This allows the first electrical current path between the at least one switching output of the vehicle electrical system switching device and the first electrical component interface or the input interface of the circuit to be designed without a fuse.

[0029] The electrically arranged on-board power supply switching device in the first current path section, comprising at least one switching input and at least one switching output, can be monitored, for example, by a monitoring device between the closed and open states. In particular, the at least one on-board power supply switching device is electrically conductive in the closed state, allowing current flow, and electrically non-conductive or electrically insulating, or substantially electrically insulating, in the open state, thus interrupting current flow. For example, the electrically arranged on-board power supply switching device includes a semiconductor element such as a transistor, in particular a MOSFET, which can be monitored between the closed and open states.In particular, the electrically arranged on-board network switching device in the first current path section can be an electrical energy source isolating element assigned to the at least one electrical energy source for isolating, in particular completely isolating, the at least one electrical energy source from the on-board network.

[0030] In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the system to have a monitoring device. This monitoring device is configured to monitor the system, detect whether a violation criterion has been met, and, in response to the detection of the violation criterion being met, switch the on-board electrical system's switching device to the open state. In particular, an electrical state variable of the on-board electrical system, e.g., an electrical current, can be monitored by means of the monitoring device. If the monitored electrical state variable, e.g., an electrical voltage and / or an electrical current, of the on-board electrical system violates the violation criterion, e.g., a threshold value, the on-board electrical system's switching device is switched to the open state. Thus, the on-board electrical system can be particularly advantageously protected.

[0031] In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, it can be advantageous to have an overcurrent protection device, e.g., a fuse and / or an e-fuse, electrically arranged in the second current path between the at least one switching output of the on-board electrical system switching device and the second electrical component interface. This allows the on-board electrical system to be used with particular flexibility.

[0032] The on-board network according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as those already described for the circuit arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0033] According to a third aspect, the present invention shows a vehicle wherein the vehicle has a vehicle electrical system designed according to the invention.

[0034] The vehicle can be a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car or a truck or a motorcycle.

[0035] In a vehicle according to the invention, it may be advantageous that the first electrical energy component is a vehicle safety-relevant energy component, wherein in particular the vehicle safety-relevant energy component is an energy component of an electric steering system, an integrated braking system and / or an Advanced Crash and Safety Management System.

[0036] The vehicle according to the third aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as those already described for the circuit arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention or the on-board network according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0037] Further improvements to the invention will become apparent from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. All features and / or advantages arising from the claims, the description, or the drawings, including design details, spatial arrangements, and process steps, can be essential to the invention, both individually and in various combinations. It should be noted that the figures are for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

[0038] They show schematically: Fig. 1 a circuit arrangement, Fig. 2 a circuit arrangement, Fig. 3 an on-board electrical system, Fig. 4 a vehicle, and Fig. 5 a circuit arrangement.

[0039] In the following figures, identical reference numerals are used for the same technical features even for different embodiments.

[0040] Fig. Figure 1 schematically discloses a circuit arrangement (100) for a first electrical power component (210) of a vehicle electrical system (200), wherein the circuit arrangement (100) has an input interface (10) for electrical connection to at least one electrical power source (201). Furthermore, the circuit arrangement (100) comprises an output interface (90) for electrical connection to at least one electrical functional element (110), e.g., an electric motor, for fulfilling a function of the first electrical power component (210) or of a vehicle. The circuit arrangement (100) also comprises an input circuit (20), wherein the input circuit (20) has at least one filter component (21) for filtering an electrical signal passing through the input interface (10).Furthermore, the circuit arrangement (100) comprises a functional circuit (30) for controlling at least one electrical output quantity at the output interface (90), wherein, in particular, the functional circuit (30) has at least one switching device (40) with at least one switching element (41), wherein the switching element (41) is controllable at least between a closed state and an open state. Furthermore, at least one fuse element (71) of a short-circuit protection device (70) is electrically arranged in the input circuit (20), wherein the fuse element (71) is convertible at least from a closed state to an open state, wherein in the open state of the fuse element (71) a current flow through the fuse element (71) is interrupted, and wherein the fuse element (71) is configured to convert from the closed state to the open state when a short-circuit criterion is met.The at least one safety element (71) can be, for example, a local constriction in a conductor track, a constriction in a capacitor component, a semiconductor component, or a fuse element. It is also conceivable that the short-circuit protection device (70) comprises several safety elements (71) connected in series (see, for example, ). Fig. 5).

[0041] It can happen during the Fig. In the circuit arrangement (100) shown in Figure 1, it is further advantageous that the filter component (21) of the input circuit (20) has a capacitor as an electrical component, wherein at least one fuse element (71) is electrically connected in series with the capacitor. In particular, the input interface (10) can be a multi-pole, e.g., a two-pole (V+, GND), input interface (10), wherein the series connection of the at least one fuse element (71) and the capacitor is electrically connected in parallel to two poles of the multi-pole input interface (10).

[0042] Fig. 2 discloses a circuit arrangement (100), such as is already known in particular to Fig. 1 is described, wherein the at least one safety element (71) has at least one controllable semiconductor switch, and wherein the at least one controllable semiconductor switch is controllable of the circuit arrangement (100) based on an electrical detection quantity, e.g., an electric current, detected by means of a detection device (80). In particular, the detection device (80) is formed as part of the input circuitry (20).

[0043] Fig. Figure 3 reveals an on-board network (200) for a vehicle (300), such as that used, for example, in... Fig. 4 is described. The vehicle electrical system (200) comprises at least one electrical power source (201). The vehicle electrical system (200) further comprises at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein an input interface (10) of a circuit arrangement (100) of a first electrical power component (210) is electrically connected to the at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein the circuit arrangement (100) of the first electrical power component (210) is configured according to the invention, as for example shown in the following. Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 disclosed. The on-board network (200) further comprises a second electrical component interface (221), wherein a second electrical power component (220) is connected to the second electrical component interface (221).The on-board network (200) further comprises at least a first electrical current path (241) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the first electrical component interface (211) for providing electrical energy at the input interface (10) of the circuit arrangement (100) of the first electrical energy component (210) and a second electrical current path (242) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the second electrical component interface (221) for providing electrical energy for the second electrical energy component (220), wherein the first electrical current path (241) and the second electrical current path (242) are jointly formed at least in a first current path section (240).

[0044] It can happen at the in Fig. 3. In the vehicle electrical system (200) shown, it is further advantageous that the vehicle electrical system (200) has a vehicle electrical system switching device (250) arranged in the first current path section (240) with at least one switching input (251) and at least one switching output (252), wherein the vehicle electrical system switching device (250) is controllable from a closed state to an open state, and wherein the at least one switching input (251) is electrically connected to the electrical energy source (201) and the at least one switching output (252) is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein at least the first electrical current path (241) is electrically designed without fuses between the at least one switching output (252) of the vehicle electrical system switching device (250) and the input interface (10) of the circuit arrangement (100).

[0045] It can happen at the in Fig. It is further advantageous in the vehicle electrical system (200) shown in Figure 3 that the vehicle electrical system (200) has a monitoring device (270), wherein the monitoring device (270) is designed to monitor the vehicle electrical system (200) and to detect whether a violation criterion has been met, and as a reaction to the detection of whether the violation criterion has been met, to put the vehicle electrical system switching device (250) into the open state.

[0046] Fig. Figure 4 discloses a vehicle (300), wherein the vehicle (300) has a vehicle electrical system (200) designed according to the invention, as is the case, for example, with Fig. 3 is described, exhibits.

[0047] Fig. Figure 5 schematically reveals an input circuit (20) of a circuit arrangement (100), as already described, for example, in the further figures, wherein the circuit arrangement (100) is for a first electrical energy component (210) of an on-board network (200), and wherein in Fig. Five exemplary electrotechnical arrangements of at least one or more fuse elements (71, 72, 73, 74) in the input circuit (20) are shown. The input circuit (20) can, in particular, have only a single fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74), so that the input circuit (20) is designed to be particularly simple. It is also conceivable that the input circuit (20) has several fuse elements (71, 72, 73, 74), i.e. in addition to at least one fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) a second fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) and / or a third fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) and / or a fourth fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74).The at least one fuse element (71) and the second fuse element (72) are each arranged electrically in the input circuit (20) such that, in the open state of the at least one fuse element (71) and / or in the open state of the second fuse element (72), only a partial current path of the input circuit (20) with the at least one filter component (21), in particular only the at least one filter component (21), is deactivated or "currentless". Thus, the functionality of the first electrical energy component (210) can still be maintained, and a short-circuit FIT rate can be advantageously low.The third fuse element (73) and / or the fourth fuse element (74) are each arranged electrically in the input circuit (20) such that, in the open state of the third fuse element (73) and / or in the open state of the fourth fuse element (74), the input circuit (20) and thus the first electrical power component (210) is deactivated or "current-free". This allows the first electrical power component (210) to be protected particularly advantageously. The at least one fuse element (71) and / or the second fuse element (72) and / or the third fuse element (73) and / or the fourth fuse element (74) can each be connected to the input circuit (20) as already described for the at least one fuse element (71). Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 described, be trained. Reference symbol list 10 Input interface 20 Input circuit 21 filter component 30 Functional circuitry 40 Switching device 41 Switching element 70 Short-circuit protection device 71 that at least one safety element 72 second safety element 73 third safety element 74 fourth safety element 80 Detection device 81 Control device 90 Output interface 100 Circuit arrangement 110 Functional element 200 On-board power supply 201 Energy source 210 first energy component 211 first component interface 220 second energy component 221 second component interface 240 first current path section 241 first electric current path 242 second electric current path 250 On-board electrical system switching device 251 Switch input 252 switching output 260 Overcurrent protection device 270 Monitoring device 300 vehicles

Claims

[1] Circuit arrangement (100) for a first electrical energy component (210) of an on-board network (200), wherein the circuit arrangement (100) comprises: - an input interface (10) for electrical connection to at least one electrical power source (201), - an output interface (90) for electrical connection with at least one electrical functional element (110) to fulfill a function of the first electrical energy component (210), - an input circuit (20), wherein the input circuit (20) has at least one filter component (21) for filtering an electrical signal passing through the input interface (10), - a functional circuit (30) for controlling at least one electrical output quantity at the output interface (90), and wherein at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) of a short-circuit protection device (70) is electrically arranged in the input circuit (20), wherein the at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) can be converted from a closed state to an open state, wherein in the open state of the at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) a current flow through the at least safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) is interrupted, and wherein the at least safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) is configured to convert from the closed state to the open state when a short-circuit criterion is met. [2] Circuit arrangement (100) according to claim 1, characterized by, that at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) is a local constriction of a conductor track or a constriction of a capacitor element. [3] Circuit arrangement (100) according to claim 1, characterized by , that at least one of the safeguarding elements (71, 72, 73, 74) is a fuse element or a semiconductor component. [4] Circuit arrangement (100) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the at least one safety element (71, 72, 73, 74) has at least one controllable semiconductor switch, and wherein the at least one controllable semiconductor switch is controllable based on an electrical detection quantity of the circuit arrangement (100) detected by means of a detection device (80). [5] Circuit arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the short-circuit protection device (70) comprises at least one fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) and at least one second fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74), wherein in particular the at least one fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) and the second fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) are electrically connected in series. [6] Circuit arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one filter component (21) of the input circuit (20) has a capacitor as an electrical component, wherein at least one fuse element (71, 72, 73, 74) is electrically connected in series with the capacitor. [7] On-board electrical system (200) for a vehicle (300), wherein the on-board electrical system (200) comprises: - at least one electrical energy source (201), - at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein an input interface (10) of a circuit arrangement (100) of a first electrical energy component (210) is electrically connected to the at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein the circuit arrangement (100) of the first electrical energy component (210) is configured according to one of the preceding claims, - a second electrical component interface (221), wherein a second electrical power component (220) is connected to the second electrical component interface (221), - at least a first electrical current path (241) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the first electrical component interface (211) for providing electrical energy at the input interface (10) of the circuit arrangement (100) of the first electrical energy component (210) and a second electrical current path (242) for electrically connecting the at least one electrical energy source (201) with the second electrical component interface (221) for providing electrical energy for the second electrical energy component (220), wherein the first electrical current path (241) and the second electrical current path (242) are formed together at least in a first current path section (240). [8] On-board electrical system (200) according to claim 7, characterized by, that the vehicle electrical system (200) has a vehicle electrical system switching device (250) arranged in the first current path section (240) with at least one switching input (251) and at least one switching output (252), wherein the vehicle electrical system switching device (250) is controllable at least from a closed state to an open state, and wherein the at least one switching input (251) is electrically connected to the electrical energy source (201) and the at least one switching output (252) is electrically connected to at least one first electrical component interface (211), wherein at least the first electrical current path (241) is electrically designed without a fuse between the at least one switching output (252) of the vehicle electrical system switching device (250) and the input interface (10) of the circuit arrangement (100). [9] On-board electrical system (200) according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterized by, that the on-board network (200) has a monitoring device (270), wherein the monitoring device (270) is configured to monitor the on-board network (200) and to detect whether a violation criterion has been met, and in response to the detection of whether the violation criterion has been met, to put the on-board network switching device (250) into the open state. [10] Vehicle (300), wherein the vehicle (300) has an on-board network (200) designed according to one of claims 7 to 9.

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