Housing cover system for a drive train of an electric vehicle and / or device and drive train for an electric vehicle and / or device with the aforementioned housing cover system

Abstract

The invention relates to a housing cover system (1) for a drive train (2) of an electric vehicle (3) and / or device, wherein the drive train (2) has at least one electric machine (4) and at least one housing (5), in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission (6), wherein the electric machine (4) has a shaft (7), wherein the housing (5) has at least one base housing (8) having an opening (8.0), wherein the housing cover system (1) has a base body (9), at least one fastening means (10), in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element (11), wherein the base body (9) is connected and / or connectable to the base housing (8) by means of the fastening means (10), wherein the opening (8.0) is formed by means of the housing cover system (1), in particular substantially by means of the base body (9).O) of the base housing (8) is closed and / or closable, wherein the grounding element (11) is arranged and / or formed on the base body (9), and wherein the grounding element (11) is coupled and / or can be coupled to the shaft (7) in such a way that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be diverted from the shaft (7) via the grounding element (11). The invention further relates to an associated drive train (2). The housing cover system (1) is designed to be weight-reduced and / or space-saving in that the base body (9) comprises an electrically insulating material and / or that the base body (9) is made of an electrically insulating material.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a housing cover system for a drive train having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention further relates to a drive train for an electric vehicle and / or device having the aforementioned housing cover system.

[0002] Drive trains for electric vehicles and / or devices conventionally have at least one electric machine and at least one housing, in particular a transmission housing that at least partially surrounds a transmission. The electric machine has a shaft. The housing has at least one base housing with an opening. The housing cover system has a base body, at least one fastening means, in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element. The base body is connected and / or connectable to the base housing with the aid of the fastening means. The opening in the base housing is closed and / or closable by means of the housing cover system, in particular substantially by means of the base body. The grounding element is arranged and / or formed on the base body.The grounding element is coupled and / or can be coupled to the shaft in such a way that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be diverted from the shaft via the grounding element. Electrical machines, especially their shafts, can be electrically grounded in many different ways, including other ways.

[0003] Drive trains for electric vehicles and / or devices also usually have a battery and a pulse-controlled inverter. The pulse-controlled inverter has the task, among other things, of generating alternating current from the battery's direct current. The speed of the electric machine can then be set or adjusted using the alternating current generated, depending on the frequency generated. The frequency is usually generated in the pulse-controlled inverter using pulse-width modulation. With pulse-width modulation, a temporarily constant voltage alternates between two values. The duty cycle of a rectangular pulse, i.e. the duration of the pulses forming the rectangular pulse, is modulated at a constant frequency. The voltages are never balanced because the voltages are either 0 volts or have positive or negative values ​​with rapid switching of the pulses, particularly in all three phases. The result is a square wave ora preferably 6-stage waveform. This means that common-mode voltages are present that can be capacitively induced on the shaft of the electric machine. Furthermore, larger electric machines, especially those with power ratings above 75 kW and medium-voltage electric machines, can also exhibit high-frequency circular currents. Simply put, grounding the shafts of the electric machines therefore seems sensible and necessary in some cases; otherwise, pitting, matting, and / or corrugation damage could occur.

[0004] From US 5,661,356 A, from which the invention is based, a housing cover system as described above with the associated electric machine is known. A grounding element for a shaft or a speedometer cable of an electric machine serves here to protect the shaft bearings. A spring-loaded brush contacts the shaft or the speedometer cable. The electric machine has a housing with a base housing. The shaft is rotatably mounted on the base housing via bearings. By means of the housing cover system with a base body and a grounding element, an opening in the base housing can be closed, in particular essentially by means of the base body of the housing cover system. The grounding element is arranged on the base body of the housing cover system. Electrical voltages induced on the shaft, for example by pulse width modulation, are discharged via the grounding element and the electrically conductive base body past the bearing into the base housing.

[0005] WO 2022 / 135715 A1 describes a grounding element or a diverting device for diverting electrical currents and / or voltages from a rotor part of an electric machine formed with a shaft. The grounding element is supported on a holding element, in particular a housing, of the electric machine, with a bearing of the shaft also being supported on this holding element. The grounding element and the holding element are made of an electrically conductive metal, so that an electrically conductive connection exists between the grounding element and the holding element.

[0006] EP 2 835 289 A2 discloses an electric motor and an associated transmission for a windshield wiper. The electric motor and the transmission are arranged in a common housing, in particular a base housing of the housing. An opening in the base housing can be closed, in particular essentially by means of the base body, by means of a housing cover system comprising a base body and a grounding element.

[0007] The base body is made of metal and is therefore electrically conductive. The base body has a recess in which an electrical connector with an electrically non-conductive housing area and an electrically conductive core is accommodated. A signal representing the parked state of the transmission can be transmitted through the base body via the electrical connector. The base body acts as a ground for a circuit that detects the parked state. The base body has a groove for accommodating a seal.

[0008] DE 11 2013 006 102 T5 discloses an electric motor and a transmission for a sunroof. A transmission cover, designed as a metal plate, is arranged between a gear of the transmission and a circuit board. The transmission cover can dissipate induced electrical voltages, thus protecting the circuit board from these voltages.

[0009] However, the housing cover systems known in the state of the art are not yet optimally designed. In particular, the existing housing cover systems are heavy. Furthermore, the range of functions of known housing cover systems is sometimes severely limited.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive trains known in the prior art are not yet optimally designed. In particular, the electrical grounding of the drive trains already known in the prior art or the grounding of the electric machines used in them often requires additional installation space in or on the drive train. For example, the shaft of the electric machine and / or other parts of the drive train are often lengthened and / or the mass of the shaft of the electric machine and / or the drive train is increased. This requires additional installation space and / or leads to reduced passenger and / or cargo space and / or to restricted installation space for other components, such as cooling components, air conditioning and / or control units. The latter increases material costs and / or also reduces operating efficiency.The aforementioned limited range of functions of known housing cover systems also leads to an increase in the required installation space for the known drive trains.

[0011] The invention is therefore based on the object of designing and / or developing a housing cover system for a drive train of an electric vehicle and / or device or a drive train in such a way that the housing cover system and / or the associated drive train can then be designed in a space-saving and / or weight-reduced manner, in particular wherein a shaft of the electric machine of the drive train can be electrically earthed by means of the housing cover system in a space-saving - and in particular also simple and / or cost-effective and / or energy-efficient - manner.

[0012] The problem underlying the invention is now solved for the housing cover system with the features of patent claim 1.

[0013] One aspect of the invention is essentially that the base body comprises an electrically insulating material and / or the base body is made of an electrically insulating material.

[0014] Electrically conductive materials typically have higher densities than electrically insulating, non-conductive materials. For example, the density of electrically conductive steel is 7.85 g / cm 3 , a density of electrically conductive aluminum 2.59 g / cm 3 and a density of 1.34 g / cm³ for electrically insulating PA66GF30. This allows the base body and, consequently, the entire housing cover system to be designed particularly lightly. The necessary stability is preferably also ensured by stiffening ribs formed on the base body, which further minimizes, or at least reduces, the amount of material required for the base body.

[0015] The base body preferably comprises an electrically insulating plastic, in particular PA66GF30, and / or the base body is made of an electrically insulating plastic, in particular PA66GF30. The electrically insulating material, in particular the plastic, is preferably fiber-reinforced, e.g., with the aid of carbon and / or glass fibers. Furthermore, when using electrically insulating materials for the base body, in particular when using plastics, functional surfaces, e.g., sealing surfaces, can be produced more easily and with fewer work steps, in particular fewer machining steps, than when using electrically conductive materials such as steel or aluminum.

[0016] Thus, by means of the housing cover system, at least the lightweight construction principles of material lightweight construction are advantageously realized by selecting the electrically insulating material and / or structural lightweight construction through the stiffening ribs.

[0017] Electrical voltages and / or currents can nevertheless be discharged via the housing cover system with the electrically insulating base body, since the base housing is preferably at least partially electrically conductive and the grounding element is and / or can be coupled to the base housing, in particular its conductive regions, in such a way that these electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the shaft via the grounding element into the base housing. The housing cover system thus advantageously also implements the lightweight construction principle of system lightweight construction, since the housing cover system fulfills several functions at the same time, in particular closing the opening in the base housing and grounding the shaft. The fact that the housing cover system fulfills several functions also reduces its installation space requirements.By means of the housing cover system, in particular the grounding element, the electrical voltages and / or currents can then advantageously be routed past the shaft bearings. This protects the shaft bearings in particular from so-called "pitting, matting, and / or fluting damage" in a simple, cost-effective, and energy-efficient manner.

[0018] Advantageously, an electrically conductive connecting means is provided and / or present. The grounding element is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing, in particular its conductively configured areas, by means of the connecting means. The connecting means then essentially only has to fulfill the function of conducting the currents and / or voltages from the shaft into the base housing, namely, grounding, which is thus particularly well and effectively possible. For this purpose, the connecting means advantageously comprises copper and / or is made of copper.

[0019] Further preferably, the electrically conductive connecting means is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing, in particular to its conductive regions, via at least one fastening means that is then designed to be electrically conductive and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve that at least partially encloses the fastening means. With the aid of the sleeve, in particular the force generated and / or generateable by means of the fastening means, in particular the screw, in particular the screw force, can be absorbed. Using the fastening means and / or the sleeve for grounding in addition to their fastening function leads to a further reduction in the installation space required by the housing cover system and also the associated drive train in the sense of lightweight system construction.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element has an electrically conductive contact element, in particular a grounding pin, which contacts the shaft, and an electrically insulating holding element. The contact element is electrically conductively connected to the connecting means, in particular the contact element makes electrically conductive contact with the connecting means. Electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the grounding element, in particular into the base housing, via the connecting means. By dividing the grounding element into, among other things, the contact element and the holding element, the contact element and the holding element can be constructed particularly well with regard to their respective functions, namely with regard to the discharge of currents and / or voltages with the aid of the contact element and with regard to the connection of the grounding element to or with regard to the fastening of the grounding element to the base body with the aid of the holding element.The contact element preferably has a brush and / or a brush-like structure in a contact area so that the voltages and / or currents can be introduced into the contact element with particularly low losses and / or so that the electrically conductive contact between the contact element and the shaft can be realized particularly reliably, e.g. even under high mechanical loads on the housing cover system.

[0021] The connecting means preferably has a cup-shaped region that at least partially encloses the holding element, and a tab region. The tab region is electrically conductively connected to the cup-shaped region, in particular welded. The tab region projects from this cup-shaped region. The cup-shaped region can thus be easily connected to the holding element; in particular, the cup-shaped region only needs to be slipped over the holding element, which then already creates a sufficiently stable connection between the holding element and the cup-shaped region. By means of the tab region, the currents and / or voltages can then be easily diverted in the desired direction / to the desired position.

[0022] It can be advantageous if the contact element is arranged so as to penetrate the holding element and the contact element makes electrically conductive contact with the connecting element, in particular its cup-shaped region, on the side of the holding element facing away from the shaft. This allows the grounding element to be designed to be very stable in itself, while still achieving good, low-loss grounding using the grounding element.

[0023] A particularly good and / or easy-to-create electrically conductive connection between the connecting means and the fastening means and / or the sleeve at least partially enclosing the fastening means can be achieved if the tab region has a through-opening and the fastening means is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the tab region in the region of the through-opening. In particular, the tab region adjacent to the through-opening can be clamped between the sleeve and the fastening means, in particular a screw head of the screw. The described arrangement makes it possible to realize sufficiently large contact surfaces for the desired good electrical connection between the tab region on the one hand and the fastening means and / or the sleeve on the other.

[0024] The base body advantageously has a recess. The holding element and the connecting means are at least partially arranged within the recess. In particular, a clamp connection is formed between the holding element and / or the connecting means and the base body in the region of the recess. This enables the earthing element and the connecting means to be mounted on the base body particularly quickly and easily and without additional components, in particular by inserting them into the recess. In the mounted state, a secure clamp connection is enabled by a then partially elastically deformed holding element, a then partially elastically deformed connecting means and / or a then partially elastically deformed base body.

[0025] In a further embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element, in particular its contact element, is designed such that contact can be made with the corresponding shaft in the region of its end face. In particular, the contact element is preloaded and / or can be preloaded relative to the shaft using a spring element. The shaft is particularly easily accessible at the end face, so that the installation space required for the drive train is further reduced, since in particular the interior of the housing can be particularly well utilized. In other words, the grounding function can be implemented in a particularly space-saving manner. Furthermore, relative speeds between the contact element and the shaft can be reduced during shaft rotation, namely by contacting the shaft at its end face and as close as possible to the shaft axis.Low relative speeds lead to lower friction and thus less wear on the shaft and / or the contact element. The preload achieved with the spring element can be precisely adjusted to the value required for the desired good grounding. In particular, the spring element can prevent contact interruptions. Advantageously, no specially created contact surface is required. However, if necessary, the end face or end surface of the shaft can be coated with a specific surface material.

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment of the housing cover system, the grounding element, in particular its contact element, is and / or can be arranged axially parallel to the shaft axis. This allows the installation space required to implement the grounding function to be further reduced.

[0027] The functional scope of the housing cover system is expanded if the housing cover system, in particular the base body of the housing cover system, has an oil conducting area. The oil conducting area is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or formed on a side of the housing cover system facing and / or capable of facing the shaft. Thus, the housing cover system can implement not only the grounding function, but also an oil conducting function, so that these two functions can be implemented very cost-effectively in terms of weight and / or costs and / or energy efficiency. Advantageously, an installation space that is already occupied and / or unused in the drive train can be used, and the electric machine, in particular a shaft of the electric machine, can be supplied with oil in a space-saving, space-saving or space-neutral manner, and thus in particular cooled and / or lubricated.Furthermore, the assembly effort for the housing cover system and the associated drive train is reduced, in particular by realizing a large number of functions with the housing cover system and thus an overall reduced number of components.

[0028] The oil guide region is preferably formed by means of an electrically insulating oil guide element designed as a separate component, which is connected and / or can be connected to the base body, in particular by a snap, clip and / or spring connection. In particular, the grounding element is arranged and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the oil guide element. The oil guide element can therefore be fastened to the base body in a particularly simple and easy-to-assemble manner. Furthermore, any maintenance and / or servicing costs that may arise can then be lowered or reduced. It would also be conceivable, however, for the oil guide region to be formed on the base body or for the base body to be shaped accordingly. In this case, however, the production of the base body, for example using an injection molding process, is only possible using a very complex and complicated tool, so that the overall production and / orAssembly effort is reduced by producing an oil guide element as a separate component and the subsequent connection to the base body.

[0029] Preferably, the shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, and the oil guide area is then designed and / or configured to introduce oil into an interior of the shaft. This enables particularly effective cooling of the shaft. In particular, the oil guide area has a hollow cylindrical axial section and / or nozzle that extends into the interior of the shaft and / or can be extended into the interior of the shaft. This has proven particularly advantageous for reducing installation space.

[0030] The housing cover system constructed in this way can be designed, or arranged accordingly, in particular for a drive train for an electric vehicle and / or device, for example, for a road vehicle or a motor vehicle and / or a rail vehicle and / or for an agricultural, forestry and / or construction machine and / or for an industrial truck with an electric motor. In particular, the housing cover system can be designed and / or configured for the drive train described above.

[0031] The problem underlying the invention is also solved by a drive train with the features of patent claim 15.

[0032] One aspect of the invention then essentially lies in the fact that the drive train for an electric vehicle and / or device has at least one electric machine, at least one housing, in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission, and at least one housing cover system as described above. The electric machine has a shaft, wherein the housing has at least one base housing having an opening, wherein the base body of the housing cover system is connected to the base housing by means of the fastening means, and wherein the opening in the base housing is closed by means of the housing cover system, in particular essentially by means of the base body. The housing cover system is therefore mounted at a corresponding position in the drive train as described above.The advantages of the housing cover system described above also have a correspondingly positive effect on the drive train, which has already been partly mentioned above.

[0033] Such a drive train can be used in a variety of electric vehicles and / or devices. For example, such a drive train can be designed for a road vehicle or a motor vehicle and / or a rail vehicle and / or an agricultural, forestry and / or construction machine and / or an industrial truck.

[0034] There are now numerous possibilities for advantageously designing and / or developing the housing cover system and drive train according to the invention. For this purpose, reference is made first to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and to claim 15, respectively. Preferred embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and the associated description. The drawing shows: Fig. 1a shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a housing cover system according to the invention in a three-dimensional view essentially of an inner side of the housing cover system, Fig. 1b shows a schematic representation of the design of the housing cover system according to the invention Fig. 1a in a three-dimensional view essentially of an outer side of the housing cover system, Fig. 1c shows a schematic representation of the design of the housing cover system according to the invention Fig. 1a in a three-dimensional exploded view, Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the drive train according to the invention with the housing cover system from Fig. 1a in a side view in section, and Fig. 3 shows a highly simplified schematic representation of an electric vehicle with the drive train according to the invention.

[0035] The Fig. 1a to Fig. 1c each show a housing cover system 1 for a drive train 2 of an electric vehicle 3 and / or device.

[0036] The drive train 2 itself is only partially shown in Fig. 2 and then in Fig. 3 shown as part of the electric vehicle 3.

[0037] The drive train 2 comprises at least one electric motor 4 and at least one housing 5, in particular a transmission housing that at least partially surrounds a transmission 6. The electric motor 4 has a shaft 7. The housing 5 has at least one base housing 8 having an opening 8.0.

[0038] The housing cover system 1 comprises a base body 9, at least one fastening means 10, in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element 11. The base body 9 is connected and / or connectable to the base housing 8 by means of the fastening means 10. The opening 8.0 of the base housing 8 is closed and / or closable by means of the housing cover system 1, in particular essentially by means of the base body 9.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows the assembled state in which the base body 9 is connected to the base housing 8 by means of the fastening means 10 and thus the opening 8.O of the base housing 8 is closed by means of the housing cover system 1, in particular essentially by means of the base body 9. Fig. 2 further shows that a gear wheel is formed on the outer circumference of the shaft 7 as part of the transmission 6.

[0040] The grounding element 11 is arranged and / or formed on the base body 9. The grounding element 11 is coupled and / or can be coupled to the shaft 7 in such a way that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be diverted from the shaft 7 via the grounding element 11. The base body 9 comprises an electrically insulating material and / or is made of an electrically insulating material.

[0041] The base housing 8 is at least partially electrically conductive. The grounding element 11 is coupled and / or can be coupled to the base housing 8, in particular to its conductively configured regions, such that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be conducted from the shaft 7 via the grounding element 11 into the base housing 8. In particular, the base housing 8 is formed and / or manufactured entirely from an electrically conductive material, e.g., steel or aluminum. The base housing 8 is then preferably manufactured using a casting process with subsequent machining.

[0042] An electrically conductive connecting means 12 is provided and / or present. The grounding element 11 is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing 8, in particular to its conductively configured regions, by means of the connecting means 12. The connecting means 12 advantageously comprises copper and / or is made of copper. However, the connecting means 12 could also comprise other electrically conductive materials such as steel and / or aluminum and / or be made of such materials. In particular, a material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper, is selected.

[0043] The connecting means 12 is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing 8, in particular to its conductively configured regions, via at least one electrically conductive fastening means 10 and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve 13 that at least partially encloses the fastening means 10. The connecting means could also be and / or can be electrically connected directly to the base housing, in particular to its conductive regions.Because the connecting means 12 is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing 8, in particular to its conductively designed regions, via at least one fastening means 10 which is then designed to be electrically conductive and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve 13 which at least partially encloses the fastening means 10, the electrical connection between the earthing element 11 and the base housing 8 can then advantageously also be created during the assembly of the base body 9 on the base housing 8.

[0044] The grounding element 11 has an electrically conductive contact element 11.K, in particular a grounding pin, which contacts the shaft 7, and an electrically insulating holding element 11.H. The contact element 11.K is electrically conductively connected to the connecting means 12. In particular, the contact element 11.K electrically conductively contacts the connecting means 12. Electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the grounding element 11, in particular into the base housing 8, via the connecting means 12. The contact element 11.K, in particular the grounding pin, in particular has a brush which contacts the shaft 7. The brush also has at least one electrically conductive cross-section or is formed from an electrically conductive material.

[0045] The connecting means 12 has a cup-shaped region 12.TB that at least partially encloses the holding element 11.H, and a tab region 12.LB. The tab region 12.LB is electrically conductively connected to the cup-shaped region 12.TB, in particular welded, and is designed to project from this cup-shaped region 12.TB. The tab region 12.LB protrudes from the cup-shaped region 12.TB. By means of the connecting means 12, in particular the tab region 12.LB, the spatial distance between the grounding element 11 and the fastening means 10, the sleeve 13, or the base housing 8 is bridged. One could also say that, in particular, such a connecting means 12 and the grounding effected thereover make it possible for the base body 9 to have an electrically insulating material and / or to be made of an electrically insulating material.

[0046] The contact element 11.K is arranged penetrating the holding element 11.H. The contact element 11.K electrically contacts the connecting element 12, in particular its cup-shaped region 12.TB, on the side of the holding element 11.H facing away from the shaft 7. The contact element 11.K thus protrudes from the holding element 11.H not only toward the shaft 7, but also toward the connecting element 12.

[0047] The tab region 12.LB has a through-opening. The fastening means 10 is arranged and / or can be arranged penetrating the tab region 12.LB in the region of the through-opening. In particular, the tab region 12.LB can be clamped adjacent to the through-opening between the sleeve 13, preferably an end face of the sleeve 13, and the fastening means 10, in particular a screw head of the screw. The described arrangement makes it possible to realize sufficiently large contact surfaces for the desired good electrical connection between the tab region 12.LB on the one hand and the fastening means 10 and / or the sleeve 13 on the other. The sleeve 13 preferably contacts the base housing 8, in particular its conductively designed regions, with an end face opposite the tab region 12.LB. The fastening means 10 and / or the sleeve 13 penetrate the base housing 8, preferably in the region of a through-opening provided for this purpose.In particular, several such through-openings are provided so that the base body 9 is and / or can be connected to the base housing 8 by means of several fastening means 10, in particular forming a flange-like connection.

[0048] The base body 9 has a recess 14. The holding element 11.H and the connecting means 12 are at least partially arranged within the recess 14. In particular, a clamping connection is formed between the holding element 11.H and / or the connecting means 12 and the base body 9 in the region of the recess 14. The connecting means 12 then contacts the base body 9 in the region of this recess 14 with an outer side of the cup-shaped region 12.TB. An inner side of the cup-shaped region 12.TB then contacts the holding element 11.H. It is further conceivable that a stop is provided on the holding element 11.H and / or the connecting means 12, by means of which a specific position of the holding element 11.H and / or the connecting means 12 relative to the base body 9 can be achieved through contact of this stop with the base body 9.

[0049] The grounding element 11, in particular its contact element 11.K, is designed such that the shaft 7 can be contacted in the region of its end face 7.S. In particular, the contact element 11.K is prestressed and / or can be prestressed relative to the shaft 7 by a spring element 11.F. The spring element 11.F could, for example, be designed as a helical spring, which is supported and / or can be supported on one side by the contact element 11.K and on the opposite side by the connecting means 12, in particular in its cup-shaped region 12.TB.

[0050] The grounding element 11, in particular its contact element 11.K, is arranged and / or can be arranged axially parallel to the axis A of the shaft 7. The contact element 11.K is at least partially movable, in particular relative to the holding element 11.H. Thus, the contact element 11.K, in particular a part of the contact element 11.K, can then be pressed in the axial direction against the end face 7.S of the shaft 7 by means of the spring element 11.F, while the contact of the contact element 11.K with the connecting means 12 is still maintained.

[0051] The housing cover system 1, in particular the base body 9 of the housing cover system 1, has an oil guide region 15. The oil guide region 15 is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or formed on a side of the housing cover system 1 facing and / or capable of facing the shaft 7. Oil can be supplied to the shaft 7 for cooling purposes by means of the oil guide region 15.

[0052] The oil guide region 15 is formed by an electrically insulating oil guide element 16, embodied as a separate component, which is and / or can be connected to the base body 9, in particular by a snap, clip, and / or spring connection. In particular, the grounding element 11 is and / or can be arranged to penetrate the oil guide element 16.

[0053] The shaft 7 is designed as a hollow shaft, and the oil guide region 15 is designed and / or configured to introduce oil into an interior space 7.I of the shaft 7. In particular, the oil guide region 15 has a hollow cylindrical axial section 17 and / or nozzle extending into the interior space 7.I of the shaft 7 and / or extending into the interior space 7.I of the shaft 7.

[0054] To form the snap, clip, and / or spring connection, corresponding clips 18 are arranged and / or formed on the oil guide element 16, which, in the connected state, each at least partially engage in corresponding clip recesses 19 formed in the base body 9. The grounding element 11 penetrates the oil guide element 16 in the assembled state, preferably in the region of a grounding element through-opening 20 formed for this purpose in the oil guide element 16. The oil guide region 15 has an oil collection region, formed in particular substantially between the oil guide element 16 and the base body 9, from which oil can be supplied to the shaft 7 via the hollow cylindrical axial section 17 and / or nozzle.Oil can be supplied to the oil collection area via an oil inlet 21, preferably formed in the oil guide element 16, in particular wherein the oil is propelled upwards from an oil sump toward the oil inlet 21 during operation of the drive train 2 with the aid of at least one gear of the transmission 6. It is conceivable that the oil can flow out of the interior 7.I of the shaft 7 again through shaft oil outlets in the form of radially through bores, e.g., in order to cool elements of a rotor of the electric machine 4 arranged there.

[0055] Shaft 7 is rotatably mounted in base housing 8 by a bearing 22, in particular a roller bearing. It is conceivable that oil can also be supplied to this bearing 22 via the oil conducting area 15 for cooling and / or lubrication. The aforementioned electrical voltages and / or currents can be conducted from the shaft 7 past this bearing 22 by means of the grounding of shaft 7 described above, thus successfully preventing spark erosion in the bearing 22 and resulting bearing damage.

[0056] The base body 9 has, in particular, stiffening ribs 23 on its outer side to increase its stability. The base body 9 further has a groove 24 in which a seal 25 can be arranged. When the base body 9 is mounted on the base housing 8, the seal 25 arranged in the groove 24 improves the seal between the base body 9 and the base housing 8, in particular, preventing oil from penetrating.

[0057] The Fig.3, in addition to the drive train 2, at least one battery 26, at least one pulse-controlled inverter 27, at least one sideshaft 28 and at least one wheel 29. The pulse-controlled inverter 27 has, among other things, the task of generating an alternating current from the direct current of the battery 26. The generated alternating current can then be used to set the speed of the electric machine 4 depending on the generated frequency. The frequency is usually generated in the pulse-controlled inverter 27 by means of pulse width modulation. The sideshaft 28 is and / or can be effectively connected to the electric machine 4, in particular to the transmission 6, in particular with the aid of a differential, so that a torque transmission between the electric machine 4 and a wheel 29 connected to the sideshaft 28 can be realized via the sideshaft 28. Possible potentials orcorresponding currents and / or voltages may be further diverted to a body of the electric vehicle 3. List of reference symbols 1 housing cover system 2 Drivetrain 3 electric vehicles 4 Electric machine 5 housings 6 gearboxes 7 Wave 7.S Front side of the shaft 7 7.I Interior of shaft 7 8 basic housings 8.O Opening the base housing 8 9 Base body of the housing cover system 1 10 fasteners 11 Earthing element 11.K Contact element 11.H Holding element 11.F Spring element 12 connecting devices 12.TB cup-shaped area of ​​the connecting element 12 12.LB Tab area of ​​the connecting element 12 13 sleeve 14 Recess 15 Oil conduction area 16 Oil guide element 17 hollow cylindrical axial section 18 clips 19 Clip recess 20 Earthing element through-hole 21 Oil inlet 22 warehouses 23 stiffening ribs 24 grooves 25 Seal 26 Battery 27 pulse inverters 28 side shaft 29 bikes A axis of shaft 7 QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 5,661,356 A

[0004] WO 2022 / 135715 A1

[0005] EP 2 835 289 A2

[0006] DE 11 2013 006 102 T5

[0008]

Claims

[1] Housing cover system (1) for a drive train (2) of an electric vehicle (3) and / or device, wherein the drive train (2) has at least one electric machine (4) and at least one housing (5), in particular a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission (6), wherein the electric machine (4) has a shaft (7), wherein the housing (5) has at least one base housing (8) having an opening (8.0), wherein the housing cover system (1) has a base body (9), at least one fastening means (10), in particular a screw, and at least one grounding element (11), wherein the base body (9) is connected and / or connectable to the base housing (8) by means of the fastening means (10), wherein the opening (8.0) is formed by means of the housing cover system (1), in particular substantially by means of the base body (9).O) of the base housing (8) is closed and / or closable, wherein the earthing element (11) is arranged and / or formed on the base body (9), and wherein the earthing element (11) is coupled and / or can be coupled to the shaft (7) in such a way that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the shaft (7) via the earthing element (11). characterized by that the base body (9) comprises an electrically insulating material and / or the base body (9) is made of an electrically insulating material. [2] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the base housing (8) is at least partially electrically conductive, wherein the earthing element (11) is coupled and / or can be coupled to the base housing (8), in particular to its conductive regions, in such a way that electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the shaft (7) via the earthing element (11) into the base housing (8). [3] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 2, characterized by that an electrically conductive connecting means (12) is provided and / or present, wherein the earthing element (11) is and / or can be electrically conductively connected to the base housing (8), in particular to its conductively designed regions, by means of the connecting means (12). [4] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 3, characterized by that the connecting means (12) is and / or can be electrically connected to the base housing (8), in particular to its conductively designed regions, via at least one fastening means (10) which is then designed to be electrically conductive and / or via at least one electrically conductive sleeve (13) which at least partially encloses the fastening means (10). [5] Housing cover system (1) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized bythat the earthing element (11) has an electrically conductive contact element (11.K) that can be contacted and / or contacts the shaft (7), in particular an earthing pin, and an electrically insulating holding element (11.H), wherein the contact element (11.K) is electrically conductively connected to the connecting means (12), in particular electrically conductively contacts the connecting means (12), and wherein electrical voltages and / or electrical currents can be discharged from the earthing element (11), in particular into the base housing (8), via the connecting means (12). [6] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 5, characterized bythat the connecting means (12) has a cup-shaped region (12.TB) at least partially enclosing the holding element (11.H) and a tab region (12.LB), wherein the tab region (12.LB) is electrically conductively connected, in particular welded, to the cup-shaped region (12.TB) and is designed to project from this cup-shaped region (12.TB). [7] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by that the contact element (11.K) is arranged penetrating the holding element (11.H) and the contact element (11.K) makes electrically conductive contact with the connecting means (12), in particular its cup-shaped region (12.TB), in particular on the side of the holding element (11.H) facing away from the shaft (7). [8] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized bythat the tab area (12.LB) has a through-opening, wherein the fastening means (10) is arranged and / or can be arranged penetrating the tab area (12.LB) in the area of ​​the through-opening. [9] Housing cover system (1) according to claims 5 to 8, characterized by in that the base body (9) has a recess (14), wherein the holding element (11.H) and the connecting means (12) are arranged at least partially within the recess (14), in particular wherein a clamping connection is formed between the holding element (11.H) and / or the connecting means (12) and the base body (9) in the region of the recess (14). [10] Housing cover system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the earthing element (11), in particular its contact element (11.K), is designed such that the shaft (7) can be contacted in the region of its end face (7.S), in particular the contact element (11.K) is prestressed and / or can be prestressed with a spring element (11.F) relative to the shaft (7). [11] Housing cover system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the earthing element (11), in particular its contact element (11.K), is arranged and / or can be arranged axially parallel to the axis (A) of the shaft (7). [12] Housing cover system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the housing cover system (1), in particular the base body (9) of the housing cover system (1), has an oil guide region (15), wherein the oil guide region (15) is arranged and / or can be arranged and / or formed on a side of the housing cover system (1) facing and / or capable of facing the shaft (7). [13] Housing cover system (1) according to claim 12, characterized by that the oil guide region (15) is formed with the aid of an electrically insulating oil guide element (16) designed as a separate component, which is and / or can be connected to the base body (9), in particular by means of a snap, clip and / or spring connection, in particular wherein the earthing element (11) is and / or can be arranged so as to penetrate the oil guide element (16). [14] Housing cover system (1) according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized by that the oil guide area (15) has a hollow cylindrical axial section (17) and / or nozzle, in particular the shaft (7) is designed as a hollow shaft and the oil guide area (15) is designed and / or constructed to introduce oil into an interior space (7.I) of the shaft (7), in particular the axial section (17) and / or nozzle extends into the interior space (7.I) of the shaft (7). [15] Drive train (2) for an electric vehicle (3) and / or device, with at least one electric machine (4), with at least one housing (5), in particular with a transmission housing at least partially surrounding a transmission (6), and with at least one housing cover system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the electric machine (4) has a shaft (7), wherein the housing (5) has at least one base housing (8) having an opening (8.O), wherein the base body (9) of the housing cover system (1) is connected to the base housing (8) by means of the fastening means (10), and wherein the opening (8.O) of the base housing (8) is closed by means of the housing cover system (1), in particular substantially by means of the base body (9).

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