Lamp, lampshade, flexible element and method for operating a lamp

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lamp 1, a lampshade 4, a flexible element 5 and a method for operating a lamp 1. The lamp 1 has a receiving device 2 for a light source 3 and a lampshade 4 with a plurality of flexible elements 5, wherein each of the flexible elements 5 has a first layer 6 and a second layer 7, and wherein the first layer 6 of the flexible element 5 and the second layer 7 of the flexible element 5 react differently to moisture in the environment of the flexible element 5.

Description

The invention relates to a luminaire with a lamp shield comprising a plurality of movable elements, in particular flexible elements, so that the lamp shield can be changed in its shape. The invention further relates to a lampshade, a flexible element and a method for operating a luminaire.There is known a luminaire which changes its appearance by heat by using a plurality of bimetallic elements. This luminaire is known under the name "Poppy" and is offered by the company Röummen GmbH, compare https: / / series.com / products / poppv / ceiling / . This luminaire in combination with a bimetallic element changes its appearance only when switched on. This means that when the luminaire is switched off, its appearance remains unchanged. It is disadvantageous that by using a bimetal only elongate shapes can be used as blades for the lampshade, since the bimetal extends in all directions and thereby locks itself if the length and width of a blade are similarly great.The object of the present invention is to provide a luminaire which has a lamp shield which can be changed in its shape without bimetallic elements or electrical drives changing the shape of the lamp shield.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The luminaire according to the invention comprises a receptacle device for a lighting means and a lampshade having a plurality of flexible elements, wherein each of the flexible elements comprises a first layer and a second layer, and wherein the first layer of the flexible element and the second layer of the flexible element react differently to moisture, in particular relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible element.Furthermore, the object of the present invention is achieved by a lampshade according to claim 9. The lampshade according to the invention comprises a plurality of flexible elements, wherein each of the flexible elements comprises a first layer and a second layer, and wherein the first layer of the flexible element and the second layer of the flexible element react differently to moisture, in particular relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible element.Furthermore, the object of the present invention is achieved by a flexible element for a luminaire according to claim 10. In this case, the flexible element has a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer of the flexible element and the second layer of the flexible element react differently to moisture, in particular relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible element.Furthermore, the object of the present invention is achieved by a method for operating a luminaire according to claim 11. In this case, the method comprises providing a luminaire. Furthermore, the method comprises providing a receptacle device for a lighting means and providing a lampshade having a plurality of flexible elements, wherein each of the flexible elements comprises a first layer and a second layer, and wherein the first layer of the flexible element and the second layer of the flexible element react differently to humidity, in particular relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible element.In the following, advantageous embodiments of the luminaire, the lampshade, the flexible elements and the method are explained.By switching on the lighting means, the resulting heat lowers the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in a controlled manner around the region of the luminaire. The luminaire according to the invention has a lamp screen which can open and close by changing the humidity, in particular the relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire. The flexible elements react to moisture, in particular the relative humidity, in that they can absorb the moisture from the environment and as a result mechanical stresses build up in the two layers of a flexible element, so that a bending of the flexible element occurs. The bending is effected since the one layer reacts differently to the moisture, in particular the relative humidity, than the other layer.The receiving device of the luminaire serves for receiving a lighting means. The receiving device can be, for example, a holder for a lighting means, for example a light bulb, a halogen bulb or a light-emitting diode. The receiving device can also be a surface for mounting a lighting means, for example when using one or more light emitting diodes as lighting means. For example, ring elements of the lampshade can also serve to accommodate one or a plurality of lighting means. A conical geometry can also be provided on the lampshade as a receiving device in order to receive a lighting means. The lighting means can be, for example, one or more light-emitting diodes. These may be glued or similarly attached to the receiving device.Furthermore, the flexible elements can be provided as a receptacle for a lighting means.Furthermore, the lampshade can have any desired geometry. The flexible elements can be arranged, for example, spatially or flatly. For example, the flexible elements can be freely distributed in space. For this purpose, the flexible elements together form a lamp screen. It can be provided that the luminaire is a lighting installation in the room, which is distributed by the flexible elements to a room and together form a lamp shield. This lampshade is then to be understood more symbolically, it is formed from the number of all flexible elements and does not have to limit a volume in the form of a sphere or another spatially closed shape.In an exemplary variant, the luminaire may be a light installation, which may be configured in any desired geometry. For example, for this purpose, the flexible elements can be installed on a planar surface, for example on a wall surface or on a ceiling surface, on an object, such as for example a column, or can be distributed arbitrarily in the space. All the flexible elements taken together form the light installation, which in this connection form a lampshade which constitutes the overall design of the light installation. Consequently, the flexible elements form a lamp shield which can be configured in any shape. Thus, any desired geometries for the design of the luminaire can be provided.It is envisaged that the flexible elements of the lampshade limit the volume of the lampshade. By deforming the flexible elements, the volume of the lampshade changes. This is the case at least in a classic form of a luminaire. When the flexible elements are installed flat on a flat surface, the volume between the flat surface and the flexible element can change.In a preferred embodiment of the luminaire, a two-layer material is used. This means that the flexible element has two effective layers and is joined together at the contact surface of the two layers. This two-layer material can be a combination with a material which reacts to moisture, in particular the relative humidity, such as a natural material, for example, and with another material which does not react, or does not react as strongly, to moisture, in particular the relative humidity, such as a plastic material, for example. These two materials can be joined together with adhesive.Changing humidity, particularly relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible member causes a change in the length of the material responsive to humidity, particularly relative humidity. When using a natural material, such as wood or wood veneer, this natural material bends in the direction of the natural material with a decreasing humidity, in particular relative humidity, i.e. the natural material temporarily contracts.In other words, by changing the length of one material and maintaining the length of the other material, the two-layer material flexes toward the side of the more flexible material, such as toward wood or wood veneer. The relative humidity at which the two-layered material is joined at the time of manufacturing is set as an initial state. At this relative humidity, it is provided that the two-layer material assumes a straight shape, i.e. is present flat without deformation. The thickness of the natural material (first partial thickness) can be selected, for example, to be about 0.7 mm, and the thickness (second partial thickness) of the plastic, for example polyvinyl chloride film, can be selected to be about 0.3 mm. Such dimensioning can ensure bending. At the same time, this dimensioning can achieve a strength of the flexible element which gives the leaf-shaped elements a stability. The natural material, for example the wood veneer, should not be easily broken, i.e. it must withstand mechanical force. In addition, the natural material should be able to swell and shrink to an above-average extent, i.e. to change significantly its shape on account of moisture present, in particular relative atmospheric humidity.The lighting means generally radiates heat during operation. In an exemplary embodiment, the light may be operated with a 50 watt bulb as the illuminant. This illuminant enables a reduction of the relative air humidity to approximately 19 percent in the immediate vicinity of the illuminant. In more efficient lamps, the lamp is moved into the lower part of the lamp and the internal volume is reduced by an additional element, such as a cone, to direct the heat up and out between the blades. In addition, the additional element allows the light to be directed.In a further exemplary embodiment of the luminaire, it can be provided that at least one flexible element can be changed in its shape by a heat source, in particular by a light-emitting diode component, wherein the heat source is arranged on or in the flexible element.The flexible element may comprise one or a plurality of lighting means. These lighting means can be fastened to or in the first layer and / or to or in the second layer. The lighting means can also be arranged between the first and the second layer. The lighting means are preferably designed as LEDs. Preferably, a plurality of electrical components are used, preferably light emitting diodes, arranged on or in the flexible element.The heat source can advantageously be a lighting means or an electrical component, for example an LED component which emits heat. Light emitting diodes generally emit little heat by radiation. However, an electrical component that is part of a light emitting diode, such as an LED chip, becomes hot during operation. Such an electrical component can therefore be used as a heat source. The heat source emits heat (e.g., in the form of thermal radiation, heat flow and / or heat conduction). The heat source thus influences the relative air humidity as well as the temperature in the environment of the electrical component and thus also the temperature at the flexible element.On the one hand, the shape of the lampshade can be changed by the moisture, in particular the relative humidity, from the environment of the luminaire, and on the other hand, the shape of the lampshade can be changed by electrical energy. Thus, there are at least two parameters for adjusting the shape of the lampshade. Since the lighting means are operated with electrical energy, the lighting means can change the shape of the luminaire. Electrical energy can be set on account of current and / or voltage changes at the lighting means. Dimming the lighting means can also contribute to changing the shape of the lampshade.Overall, the shape of the lampshade can be changed or deformed not only by the relative air humidity in the environment of the luminaire, but additionally also by electrical energy. The relative humidity also takes into account the temperature in the vicinity of the lampshade.It can advantageously be provided that light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are arranged flat on the flexible element. In this case, the LEDs can be distributed uniformly, which enables uniform emission of the light from the lighting means. Furthermore, the LEDs can be mounted less tightly on the blade attachment, i.e. where the flexible element is fastened, than on the tip of the flexible element. As a result, the LEDs illuminate more flatly at the tip, which is more visible in the example luminaire than the blade attachmentFurthermore, it can be provided that the lighting means, for example LEDs, can be controlled. For this purpose, the LEDs can be controlled in a planar, linear or punctiform manner. This means that depending on which and how many LEDs are switched on, the material is locally heated and the material changes in length only in this region. This has the advantage that the flexible element can thereby assume different shapes which can be controlled and changed in a targeted manner.Furthermore, it can be provided that the LEDs are individually controlled and generate patterns. This means that, for example, MicroLEDs can be controlled individually and can generate specific patterns. The pattern may serve to selectively heat certain portions of the bendable member to bend the bendable members and to give the lamp a certain opening condition.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible element is less heated by dimming the lighting means. As a result of the dimming of one or more LEDs, the LEDs become less warm than in full-load operation with maximum permissible energy supply. In this case, the humidity, in particular the relative humidity and the temperature, in the environment of the flexible element is less changed. This allows the bending of the flexible element to be controlled in a targeted manner. This can be controlled both in a planar and linear manner or at points on the flexible element.For example, the flexible member may be dimmed more at the blade tip than at the blade hanger. As a result of the higher dimming at the blade tip, the flexible element deflects less at the blade tip than at the less dimmed blade root. As a result, the deformation of the flexible element can be controlled more specifically and different bending radii can be controlled specifically.Furthermore, it can be provided that by dimming the lighting means, horizontal rows of flexible elements on the lampshade are driven together. This allows different opening states of the lampshade or different deformation states of the flexible elements to be made possible. For example, the upper horizontal rows of the lampshade may illuminate less dimmed than the lower horizontal rows of the lampshade. This causes the flexible elements to flex more in the upper horizontal rows than in the lower horizontal rows. A predetermined opening state of the lampshade is adjustable.Furthermore, it can be provided that the lighting means is less shaded by dimming and the luminaire thereby becomes glare-free for a user. In this case, the front termination of the flexible element, that is to say the section of the flexible element which is visible towards the outside, can emit less light than the rear termination with the fastening, for example, to a hollow body of the lampshade which is viewed from the outside in a less visible manner through the arrangement of the flexible elements.Further, the color of the LEDs can be changed to bend the bendable member. For example, red or green LEDs may be turned on, which become less warm to flex the flexible LEDs, or blue and white LEDs may be turned on, which become warmer in operation than comparatively red or green LEDs to flex the flexible elements. As a result, the humidity, in particular the relative humidity around the flexible element, is changed to a lesser or greater extent. The blue and white LEDs can bend the flexible LEDs at a greater angle to the initial state than the red or green LEDs at the same operating voltage.Furthermore, it can be provided that the LEDs are given a permanent and preset dimming. As a result of permanent dimming, the individual LEDs become less warm than under full load and can thus be installed more closely next to one another. This allows the LEDs to emit uniform light on the surface. For example, the LEDs may be operated at 50% of the maximum allowable electric voltage.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements are controlled by another heat source. For example, cables or wires can be connected to the flexible elements, which generate heat and thus actuate the flexible elements.Furthermore, the flexible element can also have a plurality of bending radii. By targeted actuation of one or more lighting means, for example LEDs, the flexible element can have a waveform, for example, if the relative air humidity in the environment of the luminaire is high.Furthermore, the relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire can be understood as a passive control of the flexible elements. The relative humidity changes the shape of the luminaire. The relative humidity of the environment thus represents a "passive control" of the shape of the lampshade. In addition to this passive control, in a preferred embodiment of the luminaire, an "active control" of the flexible elements is provided. This active control is effected by one or a plurality of lighting means or by one or a plurality of components of the lighting means. The one or the plurality of lighting means may be provided on a socket in the interior of the lampshade. In addition or alternatively to these lighting means inside the lampshade, one or a plurality of lighting means directly on a flexible element can actively influence the shape of the flexible element by acting on a heat source on the flexible element. The heat of the heat source is emitted directly from the lighting means or indirectly from a component of the lighting means to the flexible element. This can take place on account of heat transfer in the environment of the heat source and / or on account of contact between the heat source and the lighting means or the component of the lighting means.The active control allows the shape of the luminaire to be made possible by the presence of lighting means on the luminaire. Thus, the lampshade of the luminaire, in particular the flexible elements of the luminaire, assumes an initial shape which is influenced by the relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire. Starting from this initial state, the shape of the lampshade can be further influenced, namely by an active control which is technically configured, for example, by operating lighting means in or on the lampshade. For this purpose, individual lighting means can also be controlled in a targeted manner, for example by adjusting their luminosity and / or their color of illumination. The lighting means are preferably electrical lighting means, advantageously in the form of LEDs. These LEDs emit heat when used as intended, which can influence one or more flexible elements in the vicinity of the installed LED of the luminaire. A flexible element thus responds to a heat output of one or a plurality of LEDs. Heat is thus provided by an electrical component, such as an LED or an LED component, in order to specifically adjust the shape of a flexible element. This heat source changes the relative humidity at the flexible element and also the temperature in the environment of the electrical component.As the temperature in the vicinity of the flexible element rises, the relative humidity of the air and, depending on the material of the flexible elements, also a water absorption capacity of the material of the flexible element change. As the temperature in the material rises, the water absorption capacity of the material of a flexible element may decrease and thus the moisture content in or on a layer of the flexible element. In this way, the moisture content can be directly lowered by specifically heating an area on a flexible element. A reduction of the moisture in the material takes place by heating, for example a change in the wood moisture. For this purpose, the lighting means, for example in the form of one or a plurality of LEDs, can be directly connected to the flexible elements or can be mounted on the flexible element or integrated therein. In this case, the individual layers of a flexible element can serve as a receiving device or can be used as a fastening surface for one or a plurality of lighting means.The integration of one or a plurality of lighting means between the first layer and the second layer of the flexible element has the advantage that the lighting means are less exposed to environmental influences and are thus better protected from dust and moisture.One or a plurality of LEDs may be integrated between the first and second layers of the flexible member. The LED can be designed, for example, as micro-LEDs or COB-LEDs (COB=chip-on-board), which are arranged between the first layer and the second layer of the flexible element. In this case, it can be provided that the first or preferably the second layer is, for example, a transparent or translucent layer, for example an epoxy resin layer which has, for example, glass fibers. The glass fibers in the flexible layer, preferably the second layer, are advantageous because they can mechanically strengthen the second layer and thereby bend the flexible element more strongly. In this way, the possible bending radius of the flexible element can be adjusted.In a further embodiment, the lighting means can be integrated into the first or second layer, for example as a micro-LED film. Such an LED film is produced, for example, under the name Aliyos by ams OSRAM AG. In this case, the LEDs can be located, for example, on a transparent plastic film. If the LED film is integrated in the second layer, this has the advantage that the material of the first layer is visible on both sides of the flexible element.In another embodiment, the lighting means can be fastened onto the second layer dr, for example as COB LEDs (COB=chip-on-board) or SMD LEDs (SMD=surface-mounted device). For this purpose, the LEDs are held together, for example, by adhesive connections. By connecting the lighting means to the flexible elements, the heat of the LEDs, which arises during operation of the lighting means, influences the flexible elements. In this case, the LEDs are switched on and, as a result of operation, warm to approximately 60° C. and heat the material of the first layer and of the second layer.The moisture content in this material of the first layer is reduced by the heating of the first layer, and the length of the material of this first layer is thereby reduced. By maintaining or by less changing the length of the material of the second layer than the first layer, the flexible element deflects.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements delimit a volume of the lampshade and the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in the volume of the lampshade can be influenced by operating the lighting means. This function can be achieved with conventional light bulbs as well as with LED lamps. The higher the heat emission of the lighting means, the faster the flexible elements respond.By changing humidity, in particular the relative humidity, inside the lampshade, i.e. inside the interior volume of the lampshade, a control of the movement or bending of the flexible elements can be provided. Thus, a "passive control" is used, i.e. a movement or deformation of the flexible elements without electrical components with a mechanical function is made possible. Structural elements with a mechanical function, such as actuators or bimetallic elements, are not required for the deformation of the flexible elements and the deformation of the lamp shield. The shape of the flexible elements can also change as a result of external influences, such as the ambient humidity, in particular the relative humidity, outside the volume of the lampshade, and in the process can cause the lampshade to open or close as a result of the movement or bending of the flexible elements.The time transition from a closed state of the lampshade to an open state of the lampshade may be in a range from about 10 minutes to 15 minutes. This means that after the lighting means or the lighting means in the lampshade have been switched on, approximately 10 minutes to 15 minutes pass until a maximum opening angle of the flexible elements is reached.The temporal transition from an open state of the lampshade to a closed state of the lampshade may be in a range from about 30 minutes to about 45 minutes after the lighting means or the lighting means in the lampshade have been switched off.The transition times from the closed state to the open state and vice versa depend on the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in the environment of the lampshade. The above-mentioned exemplary transition times relate to a configuration of the flexible elements with a first layer as wood material and a second layer as plastic material. Here, a lighting means as an incandescent lamp of 50 Watts was taken into account. In other embodiments, other transition times may result.The luminaire, with the flexible elements which react to moisture, in particular to the relative humidity, enables a continuous change in the appearance irrespective of the use of the lighting means, i.e. irrespective of the switched-on or switched-off state of the luminaire. The lighting means can additionally control the state of the lampshade. By means of controlled change of the relative air humidity, for example by switching on the lighting means and the generation of heat thereof, it is possible for the lighting means to have a closed use state when the lighting means is switched off and an open use state when the lighting means is switched on. This change of shape of the flexible elements is made possible by a two-layer material, in which one layer expands more when the relative humidity is increased than the other layer.It can also be provided that the flexible elements form a closed lampshade in a first state and the flexible elements form an open lampshade in a second state.A closed lampshade may form a closed volume. With an open lampshade or open lampshade, the individual flexible elements have no or only slight contact with one another. At least in a leaf-shaped embodiment of the flexible elements, the tips of the leaves do not touch, they rather spread apart and the majority of their edges have no contact with each other.From a closed state to an open state of the lampshade there are intermediate states which, for example, allow a partial opening and at the same time a partially closed shape of the lampshade. This means that individual flexible elements can assume different bending states at the same time. With the lampshade open, the flexible members may flex up to 90 degrees or more from their initial position. Smaller angles of bending are also possible.It can also be provided that a flexible element can bend in both directions with respect to its planar surface if a flexible element is assumed to be a planar surface as the starting state.It can also be provided that the flexible elements each have a leaf-shaped geometry with a total thickness and an area. By sheet-shaped geometry is meant that the area is substantially larger than the total thickness, i.e. by the area the flexible element is exposed to the relative ambient humidity and can elastically bend and also bend back to the initial position.Preferably, the flexible elements are provided as two-dimensional sheets having a small thickness, for example in the range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, preferably 1 mm. The flexible elements may be provided with any two-dimensional area. The shape of the surface is selected in such a way that the mounted flexible elements can flex freely without interfering with one another or without contacting one another in the open state.Here, the thickness is a total thickness composed of a first layer and a second layer in a two-layer material. The two-layer material can be displaced independently of the force of gravity and is regulated only by the changing humidity, in particular relative humidity.Furthermore, it can be provided that the area of the flexible elements is different. This means that flexible elements with different areas are used for a luminaire. Preferably, flexible elements of one and the same size, i.e. of equal area, are arranged in a horizontal row or in a step of the lampshade. The size of the flexible elements may increase or decrease from top to bottom in the vertical direction of the lampshade. Here, the direction vertically refers to the direction of the suspension of the lampshade. The steps of the lampshade form respective horizontal lines on the lampshade by attaching a group of flexible elements to a ring or the like of the lampshade. The lampshade may have a plurality of horizontally extending rings in the vertical direction, to which flexible elements of a horizontal plane may be fastened. If the appearance of a pin structure is desired, the areas of the flexible elements decrease vertically from top to bottom and from stage to stage of the lampshade.It can be provided that the luminaire has a plurality of steps. This has the advantage that the flexible elements overall form a large area in the interior of the lampshade. It can therefore be provided that the lamp shield is step-shaped and the flexible elements on the lamp shield form steps of vertical rows. This means that each vertical row represents a step of the lampshade. The flexible elements of the luminaire are advantageously fastened in steps so that the flexible elements have as large an area as possible directed inwards towards the lighting means. It is provided that the flexible elements are arranged such that each flexible element has an effective surface towards the light source, so that a direct action of the heat from the light source on the flexible element is ensured.It can also be provided that the total thickness of the flexible elements is the same. This means that each flexible element of the lampshade has the same thickness. It can also be provided that the total thickness of a flexible element is chosen in relation to its area. This means that flexible elements with a small area have a smaller thickness than flexible elements with a larger area.Furthermore, it can be provided that the first layer of the flexible element has a deformable material which deforms in the event of moisture, in particular relative humidity, in the environment and the second layer of the flexible element has a dimensionally stable material which is dimensionally stable in the event of moisture, in particular relative humidity, in the environment.A deformable material reacts to moisture, in particular relative humidity, while a dimensionally stable material in this context does not react, or reacts only slightly, to moisture, in particular relative humidity. Both materials can bend together. The bending occurs due to the deformable material, which is connected to the dimensionally stable material in a planar manner, in particular is arranged lying one above the other.It can furthermore be provided that the first layer of the flexible element is a natural material and the second layer of the flexible element is a plastic material. A natural material is a naturally occurring material, such as wood or wood veneer. A plastic material is, for example, plastic, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene) or the like.It can also be provided that the first layer of the flexible element comprises a deformable material which expands differently in different directions. A material which has an anisotropy is, for example, a wood veneer.Furthermore, the material of the first layer can also be produced artificially in order to achieve the properties of a material reacting to moisture, in particular relative air humidity. For example, the material may be a 4D (4-dimensional) printed material, such as when used in the Solar Gate project, Institute for computer-based design and construction, University of Stuttgart. www.icd.uni-stuttgart.de / de / project / solar-gate / . A material is produced by a 3D printing method with an additional dimension, for example a reaction to moisture, in particular relative humidity.The flexible member may include a dimensionally stable material as a first layer and a non-dimensionally stable material as a second layer. In this case, it can be provided that the dimensionally stable material of the flexible element is a material which can serve as a cooling plate for the lighting means. Thus, for example, an aluminum plate with a thermal conductivity of about 237 W / (m*K) or a graphite foil with a thermal conductivity of about 400-500 W / (m*K) (W=walden, K=kelvin, m=meter) can be provided as dimensionally stable material. This can distribute the heat to the surface with the additional function of a cooling plate and thus reduce the heat at the individual LED. At this time, the thickness of the flexible member can be reduced when a graphite sheet is used because it has higher thermal conductivity. The material thickness of the heat sink has an influence on the variability of the flexible element.Furthermore, it can be provided that light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are covered with a transparent layer, which scatters the light and thereby diffusely radiates the light. For example, additives of an epoxy resin layer may be added thereto.Furthermore, it can be provided that the dimensionally stable material faces the interior of the lampshade and the deformable material is visible from the outside on the periphery of the lampshade. This has the advantage that the deformable material reacts to the relative humidity due to changing relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire. Thus, the lampshade opens and closes even without the actuation of a lighting means inside the lampshade.Furthermore, it can be provided that a plastic material faces the interior of the lampshade and a natural material is visible on the periphery of the lampshade. In this way, for example, a flexible element can show a wood material on the outer surface of the lampshade, while a plastic is present on the flexible element in the interior of the lampshade.Furthermore, it can be provided that the lighting means faces the interior of the lampshade and a natural material is visible on the periphery of the lampshade. In this way, for example, a flexible element can show a wood material on the outer surface of the lampshade, while one or a plurality of lighting means on the flexible element is arranged in the interior of the lampshade.Furthermore, it can be provided that the deformable material is a polished material. A polished material can affect the appearance of the lampshade. A smooth surface can also be created by polishing on the flexible element, which surface reacts in a different manner to moisture, in particular relative humidity, than a non-polished material. When polished and non-polished material is used on a lampshade, different opening angles of the flexible elements can be produced under the same environmental conditions.In this case, it can be provided that a natural material is used as the polished material. The polished surfaces can be used to shape the external appearance of the lampshade. Furthermore, polished material is less sensitive to direct contact with water, such as rain, than nonpolished material.Furthermore, it can be provided that the deformable material is a wood material, preferably a wood veneer. The use of wood veneer has the advantage that it is lighter in weight compared to whole wood material.It can also be provided that the deformable material is Elsberantenwood. In one embodiment of the luminaire according to the invention, the outer layer consists of elsera as wood veneer and the inner layer of polyvinyl chloride film. By switching on the lighting means, the wood veneer shrinks perpendicularly to its fiber direction. The material which does not react to moisture, in particular relative humidity, in this case the polyvinyl chloride film, retains its original length. In this way, a bending of a flexible element is effected.It can furthermore be provided that the deformable material has a fiber direction and wherein the fiber direction is present in the transverse direction of the flexible element. In this case, wood material can be provided which typically has a fiber direction. The fiber direction can be used technically to reinforce the flexible element in its bending properties. This is effected when the fiber direction is present in the longitudinal direction of the flexible element.It may further be provided that the deformable material has a fibre direction and wherein the fibre direction of the flexible element may be used to bend the flexible element in a direction thereby predetermined. A predetermined direction may be, for example, a U-shape or a spiral. In the case of a spiral, the veneer is fastened to the further layer, for example, with its fiber direction at a predetermined angle to the transverse direction of the flexible element.Furthermore, it can be provided that the dimensionally stable material is a plastic material, in particular a plastic film. A plastic material is water-repellent and can therefore be used with advantage in combination with a natural material, such as wood or wood veneer, which reacts to moisture, in particular relative humidity, for a flexible element.Furthermore, it can be provided that the deformable material has a first partial thickness and the dimensionally stable material has a second partial thickness, and wherein the first partial thickness of the deformable material is greater than the second partial thickness of the dimensionally stable material. In this case, it can be provided that a natural material has a first partial thickness and a plastic material has a second partial thickness and the first partial thickness of the natural material is greater than the second partial thickness of the plastic material.Furthermore, it can be provided that the deformable material has a first partial thickness in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.7 mm, and the dimensionally stable material has a second partial thickness in the range of 0.4 to 0.1 mm, preferably of 0.3 mm. This dimensioning can be used to maintain both a strength of the luminaire and the function of the luminaire or the opening and closing of the lampshade. Overall, durability of the flexible members is improved.It can also be provided that the flexible elements are arranged uniformly distributed on the periphery of the lampshade. Uniform distribution of the flexible elements has the advantage that no imbalance occurs on the lampshade during movement of the flexible elements.It can also be provided that the flexible elements are arranged evenly distributed around the periphery of the lampshade in a first horizontal row.It can also be provided that the flexible elements of the first horizontal row are arranged in a gap with respect to flexible elements of a second horizontal row. Here, one of the rows of flexible elements may be horizontally shifted by half the distance between two flexible elements. There is thus an offset of the flexible elements of the first row by one half flexible element with respect to the second row.The flexible elements, which are fixed, for example, to an inner ring structure, are displaced, i.e. are arranged in a gap, after each vertical row by half the distance between two flexible elements. This ensures that each of the flexible elements receives sufficient heat from the lighting means and thus the moisture in the material of the flexible element is reduced. An oval or round shape of the lampshade in plan view ensures that each of the flexible elements receives sufficient heat from the lighting means arranged in the interior of the lampshade, since this arrangement keeps the distance between lighting means and flexible elements small.The flexible elements are advantageously shaped in such a way that the flexible elements overlap slightly in their edge regions. As a result, each flexible element has sufficient area available which is oriented inwardly towards the lighting means. In this way, each flexible element can be controlled in an improved manner by an existing air humidity and an existing heat of the lighting means. This allows each of the flexible members to flex more quickly and further. The slight overlap is achieved by a selected geometry of the flexible elements. In this case, it can be provided that each flexible element has the same contours, but its surfaces differ depending on the position on the lampshade. In this case, the chosen geometry of a flexible element can be a bevel at its edge zone. When two rows of flexible elements are arranged, the lower edge zone of the upper flexible elements is in slight register with the upper edge zones of the flexible elements arranged in the lower row. Two rows arranged one above the other in the vertical direction are matched to one another. In other words, the bottom of the upper row is identical or similar to the top of the lower row. This results in a slight overlap.If the flexible elements of a lampshade are arranged vertically one above the other in horizontal rows, the rows can be arranged offset from one another. Thus, a flexible element of a row can be inserted further down, with a half offset from the upper flexible element. The flexible elements are thus advantageously arranged in a gap.It can also be provided that each flexible element has a formation, for example in the form of a point at the upper edge. The formation may be used to attach the flexible element to a mounting means of the lampshade. In this case, the shaping can be fastened to the fastening device, for example. This means that one side of the flexible element is held firmly on the fastening device (glued, screwed, clamped, or the like), while the opposite edge region of the flexible element is freely movable and deforms depending on the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in particular a bending of the flexible element occurs.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements have an electrical contact in order to supply one or a plurality of lighting means on or in the flexible element with electrical energy. The electrical contact can serve simultaneously as a holding device and be fastened to a hollow body of the luminaire. For example, clamping or plug connections can be used. An advantageous embodiment is when the lighting means is connected to the flexible elements. It can be provided that at least one flexible element is used as the receiving device and has at least one lighting means. The light means may be received on a surface of the flexible element or integrated into the flexible element. It is also possible for one of the two layers of the flexible element to be a lighting means layer. This means that the lighting means form a layer (second or first layer of the flexible element) which is directly fastened to the further layer (first or second layer of the flexible element).It can also be provided that the lamp shield is step-shaped and the flexible elements on the lamp shield form steps of horizontal rows arranged in the vertical direction.It can furthermore be provided that the lampshade has four to ten steps, preferably six to eight steps, more preferably seven steps.It can also be provided that the flexible elements in the first horizontal row and the flexible elements in a second horizontal row have different areas.Furthermore, it can be provided that the areas of the flexible elements in the first horizontal row are each larger than in a second horizontal row, and wherein the first row is arranged above the second row in the vertical direction. In this way, for example, a pine-pin-shaped structure can be formed.It can furthermore be provided that the luminaire has at least ten flexible elements, preferably has at least 20 flexible elements, further preferably has at least 30 flexible elements.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements of a step are fastened to a ring. This means that one ring is provided per stage or for each horizontal row.It can also be provided that the flexible elements of the first stage and flexible elements of the second stage partially overlap when the lamp shield is closed. It can be provided that the flexible elements overlap only at their edge zones in order to obtain the largest possible area towards the interior of the lampshade towards the lighting meansFurthermore, the flexible elements can be shaped in such a way that further flexible elements are not covered towards the lighting means as a result. This increases the effective area of the flexible elements.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements have a distance from one another depending on their arrangement, so that they do not interfere with their movement at high or low air humidity, in particular a low relative air humidity.The relative humidity may be between 19 percent when the light is turned on and 100 percent relative ambient humidity. It is advantageously provided that the flexible elements are provided with a distance from one another. This spacing is intended to prevent the flexible elements from damaging each other during bending. Therefore, the maximum bends should be included in the design of the flexible members. This then results in the need for a predetermined distance.It can also be provided that the lampshade has a fastening device to which the plurality of flexible elements is fastened. A fastener may have multiple levels to allow flexible elements to be mounted to the fastener in various horizontal rows.It can furthermore be provided that the lampshade has a fastening device to which the plurality of flexible elements is fastened. In this case, it can be provided with advantage that the flexible elements are mounted on the fastening device in an exchangeable manner. The exchangeability of the flexible elements ensures the functionality of the luminaire in the long term. If a flexible element is damaged, it can easily be replaced by another flexible element.It can be provided that the fastening device has a ring or a plurality of rings. The rings have the advantage that they can conduct the light and the heat in the interior of the lampshade to the flexible elements. The flexible elements can be attached to the rings in the interior of the lampshade so that the flexible elements close off the interior volume of the lampshade to the greatest possible extent and the heat is thereby held in the lampshade.In one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the luminaire has a hollow body and the hollow body has at least one bushing, wherein electrical energy is conducted from the interior of the hollow body to at least one lighting means on or in the flexible element through the bushing.As a fastening device, for example, instead of a ring or in addition to a ring, a hollow body can be used which has feedthroughs for supporting at least one flexible element in each of the feedthroughs.Furthermore, it can be provided that the fastening device provides a supply with electrical energy for the flexible elements. For example, a supply voltage for light emitting diodes in the range of about 3 to about 16 volts is provided.The luminaire can thus have a hollow body, for example in the form of an ellipsoid or a cylinder. This has the advantage that electronic components can be accommodated in the interior of the hollow body. For this purpose, the hollow body serves as a visual protection, so that the electronic components are not visible to a user when the light is used as intended.Furthermore, it can be provided that the hollow body is formed in two parts, in which, for example, a first part is provided as a cover for opening the hollow body and a second part is a receptacle.In one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the luminaire has an air humidity sensor.The humidity sensor may be arranged inside the hollow body for measuring the relative humidity in the vicinity of the luminaire. In this case, the sensor can have contact with the environment of the luminaire, for example by measuring it outwards from the interior of the hollow body by means of one or a plurality of recesses on the hollow body. By measuring the relative humidity, the current shape of the luminaire may be calculated. This means that the currently set shaping can be determined on the basis of the available relative humidity via stored computing models, for example in a computing and storage unit of a building automation system. In this case, a virtual model of the luminaire can be created, which represents the current shape, with the respective bending radii of the flexible elements and serves to adapt the luminaire in a targeted manner by controlling the lighting means, in particular the light emitting diodes, up to a predefined shape, which determines which bending radius the flexible elements are intended to assume.It can thus be provided that data are collected with the humidity sensor in order to infer the shape of the flexible elements from the relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire. For this purpose, a data memory can be provided, for example in a control unit.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire has one or a plurality of further sensors. On the basis of the measurement data of further sensors, the light can additionally be changed in its shape, for example by one or a plurality of motion sensors. This has the advantage that the luminaire can thereby adapt itself independently to different situations. For example, the light can identify a person by a motion sensor or a camera and react to the person or the movement thereof by controlling the lighting means and thus controlling the flexible elements. This allows the luminaire to change its shape in response to reactions by persons. This makes it possible to interact with the luminaire according to the invention. Further sensors can also be provided on the luminaire, for example in order to measure the ambient temperature.In one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the luminaire has a control unit for controlling at least one lighting means.It can be provided that electronic components are accommodated in the interior of the hollow body. These electronic components can be used, for example, for controlling lighting means, in particular light-emitting diodes. This has the advantage that the lighting means can be controlled in a targeted manner and can be switched on and off and / or dimmed independently of one another as requiredIn one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the control unit can be controlled via control software of an application or a building automation.A control unit installed in the luminaire can thus be controlled from outside the luminaire. This is effected, for example, via a wireless connection, such as Bluetooth or WLAN. For this purpose, the control unit is equipped with a radio module.Furthermore, it can be provided that the control of the LEDs can be controlled by a control software of an external device or an application installed outside the luminaire or a building automation, that is to say by an external source. An external source or an external device may be a smartphone in which an application or an app is used as a remote control. Preset profiles can preferably be created and selected in the application. A preset profile refers to, for example, the colors of the individual LEDs. Another profile may relate to dimming of the individual LEDs or the horizontal rows of flexible elements on the lampshade. Furthermore, different profiles can be combined with one another, so that their effects are superimposed.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire is integrated into a building automation. A building automation can be, for example, a smart home system or a central unit for controlling, for example a building controller for industrial furniture, for example a hotel obby.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire changes the mood or the light atmosphere in a targeted manner in the space. For example, the targeted change of the light atmosphere can be changed from direct light irradiation from the ceiling of the room downwards to the floor to indirect illumination of the room, for example by the flexible elements changing their shape and the lighting means thereby irradiating from below onto the ceiling. For example, the flexible elements can be changed from a vertical direction downwards to the floor, to a vertical direction towards the ceiling, by switching on the lighting means. By illuminating the ceiling, the room is illuminated by light reflection on the ceiling, as a result of which a diffused light acts in the room.The light atmosphere may be influenced, for example, by the selection of the orientation of the first and second layers of the flexible elements. The first layer with surface side directed toward the ceiling and the second layer with surface side directed toward the ground cause direct light irradiation into the room through the illuminant.The alignment of the first layer with its surface side directed toward the ground and the second layer with its surface side directed toward the ceiling causes the lighting means to irradiate the ceiling, for example, and thus the light indirectly illuminates the room.A combination is also possible in that the flexible elements are aligned differently, i.e. the use of a mixed mould with a plurality of flexible elements aligned upwards towards the ceiling and a plurality of flexible elements aligned downwards towards the floor. The flexible members do not require a force of gravity for deformation. This means that the flexible elements can be arranged in space as desired and form an identical deformation independently of their installation position. The deformation is determined, for example, by the parameters heat of a heat source, the relative humidity, moisture content of wood material and the temperature, but not by the force of gravity.It can also be provided that the flexible elements of a horizontal row are fastened to a ring. A ring is a dimensionally stable and symmetrical geometry, which is particularly well suited for a luminaire.As an internal construction, an exemplary luminaire includes one or a plurality of rings to which the flexible elements are attached. As a result, the heat and the light in the interior of the lampshade can spread substantially undisturbed. Furthermore, the rings are shaped so that the heat can only escape from the lampshade via the flexible elements. This makes the luminaire more efficient. In the exemplary luminaire, the rings are made of aluminum in order that the luminaire has a low weight. At the same time, aluminum allows a free shape of the rings. Moreover, the volume of the luminaire in the interior can be reduced by a conical shape. This additionally concentrates the heat outwardly towards the sheets. In this embodiment variant, the lighting means is preferably installed in a lower region of the lampshade and preferably radiates upward.Furthermore, it can be provided that the ring comprises a metallic material. A ring made of a metallic material can conduct light and heat particularly well to the inside of the flexible elements by reflection on the metallic material in the interior of the lampshade.Furthermore, it can be provided that the fastening device has a conical geometry. With the conical geometry in the interior of the lampshade, the volume of the interior can be reduced. A change in the volume in the vertical direction of the luminaire can be used for controlling the movement of the flexible elements. Also, depending on the cross-section of the cone, the flexible elements can be adjusted with respect to their surface facing the interior of the lampshade.It can also be provided that the flexible elements have an opening angle of zero degrees in the first state and an opening angle of 90 degrees in the second state. This means that the flexible elements between zero degrees, i.e. no opening angle and 90 degrees can be used as opening angle. In this case, the opening angle in the open state of the luminaire can be provided as a maximum opening angle of approximately 90 degrees.Furthermore, it can be provided that the opening angle of the flexible elements can be influenced by the moisture, in particular by the relative air humidity, in the volume of the lampshade. The opening angle is understood to mean an angle which describes the position of a flexible element which bends from a starting position, for example in the closed state of the lampshade into an intended use, for example into an open state of the lampshade. The bending of the flexible element produces an opening angle.Furthermore, it can be provided that the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in the volume of the lampshade can be adjusted by operating a lighting means. The illuminant can be selected depending on the desired heat generation.Furthermore, it can be provided that the moisture, in particular the relative humidity, in the volume of the lampshade of at least 20 percent or lower enables a maximum opening angle of the flexible elements.It can be provided that the luminaire permits an opening angle of the flexible elements of 90 degrees from about 19 percent relative humidity.It can furthermore be provided that the lampshade has a height in the range from 30 cm to 40 cm, preferably 35 cm, and a width in the range from 40 cm to 50 cm, preferably 45 cm.Furthermore, it can be provided that the light is a suspended light. This suspended lamp may be equipped with a suspension for installing it on a ceiling of a room.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire has a suspension with at least one cable, preferably a steel cable. An example light may be implemented with a cable suspension. Moreover, other forms of suspension and standing of the luminaire can be implemented.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire has a suspension with at least one electrical cable. An exemplary luminaire can be embodied with a cable suspension which serves for supplying the luminaire with electrical energy.Furthermore, it can be provided that the suspension has a plurality of steel cables which extend into the volume of the lamp shield. In this case, the steel cables can be fastened to rings of the luminaire. The rings can be used as a fastening structure to which the flexible elements can also be fastened. By the number of steel cables, for example five steel cables, it is possible to prevent the luminaire from rotating. Instead of steel cables or steel wires, metal rods or wood rods can also be used for suspending the lamp screen.In the suspended lamp, inner metal rings may be connected to one or more steel cables. For example, five steel cables can be used to protect the luminaire from rotation and to ensure stability or a stable position of the luminaire during operation.The luminaire according to the invention and its embodiments can be installed at different locations and for different purposes.It can be provided that the light is a parking light, for example a reading light. By means of a stand construction which can be set up statically or in a fixed position, an embodiment variant of a stand lamp can be provided. Since the material of the flexible elements functions independently of gravity, the lamp shield can be operated in any desired position. Thus, the lampshade for a parking lamp can be oriented with the tip upward.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire is an interior luminaire. In this case, the interior lamp can be designed, for example, as a suspended lamp or as a stand lamp.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire is suitable for the exterior area. The luminaire according to the invention can also be used as an exterior luminaire. The exterior light is advantageously installed under a roof to protect the light from weathering. As a result of the use in the roofed outer region, the relative humidity present acts more intensively on the luminaire, so that it changes as a result of the fluctuations in the natural relative humidity of the outer region.Furthermore, it can be provided that the luminaire has a canopy. In this case, it can be provided that a suspension of the luminaire is concealed by a canopy. The canopy can be fastened, for example in the case of a suspended light, to the suspension of the suspended light, in particular the cable suspension. Furthermore, the electrical connection of the luminaire can be concealed by a canopy.It can also be provided that at least one flexible element of the luminaire is a preconditioned flexible element. This means that the flexible element is not produced under relative ambient air humidity of the luminaire in intended use, but under a different relative ambient air humidity or humidity of a layer of the flexible element. In this case, a mechanical prestress is imparted to the flexible element. If conditioned and non-conditioned flexible elements are used simultaneously on a lampshade, different opening angles of the flexible elements can be set under the same environmental condition. Illumination patterns can thereby be created.Furthermore, it can be provided that a preconditioned flexible element is fixed depending on the climatic conditions of the previously determined place of use. For this purpose, the average relative air humidity serves as a dependence or as a parameter.Furthermore, it can be provided that the flexible elements can be controlled individually. The driving, i.e. opening and closing of individual flexible elements, is caused by a local change of the humidity in the environment of the flexible elements. In this context, humidity refers in particular to the relative humidity of the air. The humidity, in particular relative humidity, can be influenced by switching the lighting means or the lighting means on and off.Furthermore, the horizontal rows and thus the flexible elements can be individually influenced and thus opened and closed. This is possible if a plurality of lighting means are used, which are arranged distributed vertically on individual rings of the lampshade. By switching the individual lighting means on and off, different stages or regions of the lampshade can be controlled in this way. For example, the light source is only switched on for one row for this purpose, i.e. is activated only on one ring. This is particularly advantageous when using LED lighting means.Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one flexible element has a formation. By a moulding is meant a geometry at an edge line of the flexible element for connecting the flexible element to a rigid structure, such as a fastening device inside the lampshade.Overall, there are numerous ways to alter the shape of the lampshade according to the present invention and its embodiments. These possibilities can also be applied in combination on a luminaire or on a lamp screen. Various exemplary embodiments and their parameters are set forth below:The shape of the lampshade is established, when the lighting means is not switched on, by the relative humidity in the environment of the luminaire. (Parameter: relative humidity)The lighting means of the luminaire can be switched on. The lighting means is preferably centered in the interior of the lampshade. This results in a further factor for adjusting the shape of the lampshade, namely a heat emission of the lighting means. (Parameters: relative humidity and heat emission of the illuminant)The lighting means of the luminaire can be designed to be dimmable. In this way, the shape of the lampshade can be altered very finely. (Parameters: relative humidity and very finely controllable heat emission of the lighting means).The luminaire has a plurality of lighting means on or in the flexible elements. This can be the sole light source, but can also be in addition to a centrally arranged lighting means in the interior of the lampshade. The shape of the lampshade can be controlled very finely. Individual flexible elements can be controlled independently of one another by a local heat source. The heat source is preferably one or more LED components which are arranged on the surface of a layer or between the layers of the flexible element. (Parameters: relative humidity, very finely controllable heat emission of individual lighting means on the flexible elements).Consideration of further sensors and their measured values in order to deform the shape of the lamp shield. Motion sensors or image sensors of cameras can be used here to activate lighting means of the luminaire, for example light-emitting diode components, with a control unit of the luminaire. (Parameters: relative humidity, very finely controllable heat emission of individual lighting means on the flexible elements and additional measured values from further sensors).Overall, the shape of the luminaire can be set in the desired manner via different parameters and a parameterization of these measured values. In addition, the luminaire and its lighting means can be controlled via a software controller in such a way that the luminaire changes its shape in a personalized manner via individual profiles of users.The invention, as well as further features, aims, advantages and possible applications thereof, is or will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings, in conjunction with a description of preferred exemplary embodiments. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding elements. All features described and / or graphically depicted form the subject matter of the present invention by themselves or in any meaningful combination, specifically independently of their summary in the claims or their reference back. The drawings schematically illustrate various exemplary embodiments and various states of the luminaire according to the invention and its exemplary embodiments. These are exemplary representations that are not to scale. In the drawings, there are shown: FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a luminaire according to the invention in the closed state, in a view in a perspective illustration; FIG. 2 shows the luminaire of FIG. 1 in the closed state in a side view; FIG. 3 shows the luminaire of FIG. 1 in the closed state in a sectional view; FIG. 4 shows the luminaire of FIG. 1 in the open state, in a view in a perspective illustration; FIG. 5 shows the luminaire of FIG. 1 in the open state in a side view; FIG. 6 shows the luminaire of FIG. 1 in the open state in a sectional view; FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of a luminaire according to the invention in the closed state in a sectional view; FIG. 8 shows the luminaire of FIG. 7 in the open state in a sectional view; FIG. 9 shows a luminaire from above according to the first or second embodiment; FIG. 10 shows exemplary flexible elements arranged in two rows; FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a flexible element in a closed state; FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a flexible element in an open state; FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment of a luminaire according to the invention in the closed state in a side view; FIG. 14 shows the embodiment of the luminaire from FIG. 13 in the open state in a side view; FIG. 15 shows the embodiment of the luminaire from FIG. 13 in a partially open state and partially closed state in a side view; FIG. 16 shows the embodiment of the luminaire from FIG. 13 in a sectional view; FIG. 17 shows the embodiment of the luminaire from FIG. 14 in a sectional view; FIG. 18 shows the embodiment of the luminaire from FIG. 15 in a sectional view; FIG. 19 shows a detailed view with detail A from FIG. 18 ; FIG. 20 shows an exemplary embodiment of a section of a flexible element in an initial state (not bent); and FIG. 21 shows the exemplary embodiment of a section of a flexible element in a bent state.FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 6 show a first embodiment of a luminaire 1 in the open state and also in a closed state.FIGS. 7 and 8 show a second embodiment of a luminaire 1 in a closed state (FIG. 7 ) and in an open state (FIG. 8 ), respectively. The further FIGS. 9, 10, 11 to 12 show details of an exemplary luminaire 1.FIGS. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 to 19 show a third embodiment of a luminaire 1 which is provided with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as lighting means 3.FIGS. 20 and 21 schematically and by way of example show a lamination of a flexible element 5.The luminaire 1 of the first exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 6 and the luminaire 1 of the second exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 to 12 have a shape of the lampshade 4 which narrows downwards in the form of a suspended luminaire, i.e. tapers in the vertical direction 25. The dimensioning of the lampshade 4 follows the shape of a pine stud in the open state. The exemplary lamps 1 of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 8 are formed in the variant embodiment of a suspended lamp. The luminaire 1 of the first exemplary embodiment and the luminaire 1 of the second exemplary embodiment differ in the interior 8 of the lampshade 4 and in the positioning of the illuminant 3.The lamps 1 in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 8 have a receiving device 2 for a lighting means 3. Furthermore, the luminaire 1 has a lamp screen 4 with a plurality of flexible elements 5. In this case, the lampshade 4 is formed by the flexible elements 5. The flexible elements 5 of the lamp 1 according to the first and second exemplary embodiments are designed as sheets.The flexible elements 5 comprise a first layer 6 and a second layer 7, which are described in more detail in Figures 10 and 11. The flexible members 5 are responsive to a change in humidity in the vicinity of the flexible members 5, more specifically, responsive to a change in relative humidity. This results in a closed state and an open state of the luminaire 1 or the lampshade 4 which is formed by the flexible elements 5.The flexible elements 5 delimit a volume 8 of the lampshade 4. By operating the lighting means 3 the humidity, in particular relative humidity, in an interior 18 of the lampshade 4, i.e. in the volume 8, can be influenced. Due to external environmental influences, as well as due to the operation of the luminaire 1 itself, the relative humidity conditions in the volume 8 as well as in the environment of the luminaire 1 can change. At low relative humidity in volume 8, the lampshade 4 opens, at high relative humidity in volume 8, the lampshade 4 closes. Opening and closing of the lampshade 4 is made possible by a layer material of the flexible elements 5. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 to 11, it is provided that the flexible elements 5 have at least two material layers 6, 7.A two-layer material is preferably used for the flexible members 5. In this case, the two layers 6, 7 can be connected to one another, for example, by means of an adhesive layer. If the two layers 6, 7 react differently here to moisture, in particular relative humidity, in their environment, they can assume a curved shape on account of their flexible property. In the initial state, a planar, non-bent flexible element 5 can accordingly be present, which deforms on account of moisture present in the environment, in particular due to relative air humidity, as is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 10 and 11. When deformed, the flexible elements 5 reach an opening angle 9, which has an effect on the appearance of the luminaire 1 and also on the light distribution in the vicinity of the luminaire 1.According to a preferred embodiment of the flexible elements 5, the flexible elements 5 comprise a natural material as the first layer 6 and a plastic material as the second layer 7. These two materials react differently to moisture, in particular to relative humidity, wherein the natural material deforms more strongly at relative humidity than the plastic material. The bending of the two layers 6, 7 due to a relative humidity is shown in FIG. 11, wherein a flexible element 5 has a total thickness 10 which is divided into a first partial thickness 11 of the first layer 6 and a second partial thickness 12 of the second layer 7. In this case, it is advantageously provided that the natural material of the first layer 6 has a greater first partial thickness 11 than the plastic material of the second layer having a second partial thickness 12.If several flexible elements 5 are used to form a lamp shield 4, the lamp shield 4 can be modified without further technical aids, such as electric motors or bimetallic elements. The change is dependent only on the humidity, in particular on the relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible elements 5. The term "environment" is understood to mean both the interior of the luminaire 1, i.e. the inner volume 8 and the outer environment 19 of the luminaire 1 or of the lampshade 4. At the maximum position of the flexible elements 5, a closed state of the luminaire 1 and an open state of the luminaire 1 result. intermediate positions of the flexible elements 5 on the path from the closed state to the maximum possible open state of the lampshade 4 are possible. These intermediate positions are established as soon as the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible elements 5 changes.The lamps 1 of the first and second embodiments are preferably dimensioned as follows: The overall dimensions of the lamp 1 without suspension are 450 mm in width and 350 mm in height. This covers the region of reduced relative air humidity that the lighting means 3 brings about.FIG. 9 shows a luminaire 1 from above, i.e. in plan view, according to an embodiment. In this case, the first embodiment of FIG. 1 described and the second embodiment of FIG. 7 described can have the top view shown.For the first exemplary embodiment of a luminaire 1, FIGS. 1, 2 to 3 show a closed state of the luminaire 1, and FIGS. 4, 5 to 6 show an open state of the luminaire 1.FIG. 3 illustrates the closed use state of an exemplary light fixture 1 at a high relative humidity dictated by the environment. FIG. 3 shows a section through the luminaire 1, in which the lighting means 3 is arranged centrally.FIG. 6 illustrates an open use state of an exemplary lamp 1 at the same relative ambient humidity as FIG. 3. In FIG. 6, the flexible elements 5 react to a low relative humidity in the vicinity of the luminaire 1, FIG. 6 shows a section through the luminaire 1, in which the lighting means 3 is arranged centrally.FIG. 7 illustrates a closed use state of an exemplary luminaire 1 at a high relative humidity, which is predetermined by the environment. FIG. 7 shows a section through the luminaire 1, in which the lighting means 3 is arranged at the lower end of the lampshade 4.FIG. 8 illustrates an open use state of an example luminaire 1 at the same relative ambient humidity as FIG. 7 except that the bendable elements 5 are responsive to a low relative humidity in the near environment of the luminaire 1. FIG. 8 shows a section through the luminaire 1, in which the lighting means 3 is arranged at the lower end of the lampshade 4.FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary luminaire 1 and its shape from above. Several layers or steps formed from flexible elements 5 are shown. The steps of the lampshade 4 are formed by horizontally arranged rows 21, 22 of flexible sheets. The exemplary embodiments of the lamps 1 in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 8 each have seven steps. Any other number of steps can be chosen without the design of the proposed luminaire 1 changing substantially.FIG. 10 illustrates a detailed view of exemplary bendable members 5, wherein the bendable members 5 are arranged in two rows, a first row 21 and a second row 22. Here, the bendable elements 5 of the first horizontal row 21 are arranged in a gap with respect to bendable elements 5 of the second horizontal rows 21. The shape of the flexible members 5 is shown in plan view in Fig. 10, wherein the flexible members 5 are formed as sheets (large area and small thickness). The geometric shape, in particular the surface of each flexible element 5 in FIG. 10, is selected such that the flexible elements 5 each have a formation, in particular in the form of a point, in their upper region. The flexible element 5 can be rigidly fastened to this shaping, for example to a fastening device of the lampshade 4; due to the shaping of the flexible elements 5, they can move freely, fastened to the fastening device, with their opposite edge region 23. Adjacent flexible elements 5 overlap slightly at their edge regions 23 and form overlaps 24, i.e. the sheets 5 overlap only at the edges. This overlap 24 of the edge regions is present in particular when the flexible elements 5 are mounted in their starting position, i.e. in the closed state of the luminaire 1.Furthermore, FIGS. 11 and 12 each exemplify an embodiment of two flexible members 5 in a closed state (FIG. 11 ) and an open state (FIG. 12 ). The schematically shown flexible elements 5 in Figs. 11 and 12 are shown as a section through the lampshade 4. The flexible elements 5 are arranged symmetrically to a longitudinal axis 29 of the luminaire 1, wherein the longitudinal axis 29 is an axis of symmetry of the luminaire 1, on which the receiving device 2 for the lighting means 3 is also arranged.In FIG. 10, a flexible element 5 is provided with a dimension by way of example, wherein the dimension also applies to the second flexible element 5 illustrated in FIG. 10 and also to the flexible elements 5 of FIG. 11 An exemplary flexible element 5 from the plurality of flexible elements 5 of the luminaire 1 is considered in more detail below with reference to FIG. 11. The flexible element 5 comprises a first layer 6 and a second layer 7. The first layer 6 has a first partial thickness 11 and the second layer 7 has a second partial thickness 12. Both partial thicknesses 11, 12 together result in an overall thickness 10 of the flexible element 5. preferably the first layer 6 is natural material, preferably a wood veneer, which has a fiber direction in the longitudinal direction 13 or preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 13 of the flexible element 5.When using wood material, a bending of the flexible elements 5 is dependent on the length perpendicular to the fibre direction. The longer a flexible element 5, the more the material bends. It can also be established that the bending radius or the curvature is dependent on the type of material and the deflection or an opening angle of the flexible element 5 is dependent on the length of the flexible element 5. In this case, the length of the flexible element 5 is measured between two opposite edge regions, wherein the flexible element 5 is fastened, for example to a ring, on the one edge region and can move freely on the opposite edge region. The flexible element 5 thus has a fixed end and a free end or a fixed edge region or a partial region which is fastened (e.g. fastened to a shaping) and a freely movable edge region.In order to achieve a sufficient deflection, the flexible elements 5 in the exemplary luminaire 1 of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 8 have a length perpendicular to the fiber direction of a natural material used, e.g. wood or wood veneer, preferably between about 90 mm and about 190 mm. The fiber direction preferably extends horizontally in the exemplary luminaire 1, i.e. in the direction 25, as indicated in FIG. 10. The width of the flexible elements 5, i.e. the dimension in the horizontal direction or in the direction 25, varies between about 90 mm and about 250 mm. The width may vary from stage to stage of the lampshade 4, so that at the lower end of the lampshade 4 preferably the flexible elements 5 with the smallest area are installed.In an initial state, the luminaire 1 is closed, as is indicated in FIG. 11. If the relative humidity inside the luminaire 1 and / or in the vicinity of the luminaire 1 decreases, the flexible element 5 bends and causes an open state of the lampshade 4, as shown in FIG. 12. The flexible element 5 thus moves vertically upwards when the fastening device 15 is fixed. This forms an opening angle 9, which describes a displacement of the flexible element 5, measured from the initial position in FIG. 11 into the deflection position in FIG. 12 In this case, the opening angle 9 can also be negative, i.e. a flexible element 5 can bend towards the lighting means 3 or the axis of symmetry 29 of the luminaire. The opening angle 9 is then measured from the initial position and points inwardly. Such bending of a flexible element 5 can be achieved by making the flexible element at a predefined relative humidity different from the ambient humidity during operation of the lamp. The flexible element 5 can thus be preconditioned. It reacts with a mechanical prestress in a manner different from a non-preconditioned flexible element 5. This means that an initial state of the flexible element 5 takes place during the production or during the joining or bonding together of the two layers.FIGS. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 to 18 show a third embodiment of a luminaire 1. Here, the luminaire 1 is illustrated in a side view in FIGS. 13, 14 to 15. FIGS. 16, 17 to 18 show the luminaire 1 from FIGS. 13, 14 to 15 in each case in a sectional view.Fig. 13 shows the third embodiment of the luminaire 1 in the form of a suspended luminaire which is installed via a suspension 26 and may also have a canopy. The luminaire 1 comprises a lamp shield 4 with a plurality of flexible elements 5. In this case, the flexible elements 5 each have a first layer 6 and a second layer 7, the layers 6, 7 being illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 20 and 21.Figures 13, 14 to 15 differ in the shape of the flexible elements 5 of the lampshade 4; Figure 13 shows the lampshade 4 in a closed shape; Figure 14 shows the lampshade 4 in an open shape; and Figure 15 shows the lampshade 4 in a partially open and a partially closed shape, respectively in side view. Fig. 16 shows the lampshade 4 in a closed form, Fig. 17 shows the lampshade 4 in an open form and Fig. 18 shows the lampshade 4 in a partially open and a partially closed form, each in a sectional view.In the luminaire 1 of the third embodiment, the bendable members 5 are formed by a first layer 6 and a second layer 7. Here, lighting means 3 are arranged on the second layer 7. The second layer 7 of a flexible element 5 thus serves as a receiving device 2 for a lighting means 3 or a plurality of lighting means 3. These lighting means 3 can be attached to one of the two layers 6, 7 on the surface. It is also possible for the lighting means 3 to be arranged between the two layers 6, 7 and thus to be integrated in the layer structure between the first and the second layer. In the case of an integration, one of the two layers 6, 7 is transparent, so that the LEDs can function as lighting means 3 for the luminaire. The attachment of lighting means 3 in the form of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21. It is provided to actuate individual lighting means 3 with a control software or building automation 37. The control is configured such that individual lighting means 3 can be switched on and off. The control software 37 may be part of a smart home solution in one embodiment.FIGS. 16, 17 to 18 each show a cross-sectional view of the luminaire 1, corresponding to FIGS. 13, 14 to 15.Furthermore, the lampshade 4 has a hollow body 30, in which a control unit 34 for the lighting means 3 is arranged. Furthermore, the hollow body 30 has one or a plurality of feedthroughs 31, so that the flexible elements 5 are electrically connected to the control unit 34 via a feedthrough 31, respectively. Electrical lines 32 establish an electrical connection in the hollow body 30. The bushing 31 can also be understood as a holder, since the electrical contact 33 of a flexible element 5 is accommodated and held therein. Thus, a feedthrough 31 has several functions, namely a contacting function and a holding function.FIG. 19 shows a detailed view A of the luminaire 1 of the third embodiment. The hollow body 30 of the luminaire 1 has at least one feedthrough 31. Advantageously, for each flexible element 5, a passage 31 is provided on the hollow body 30. With the aid of the feedthrough 31, electrical energy can be conducted from the interior of the hollow body 30 to at least one lighting means 3 on or in the flexible element 5. For this purpose, an electrical line 32 is connected to an electrical contact 33 of the flexible element 5. Furthermore, the luminaire 1 in FIG. 19 has an air humidity sensor 35 in the interior of the hollow body 30. The humidity sensor 35 is in contact with the surroundings of the lampshade 4 of the luminaire 1 via one or a plurality of recesses 36. The relative humidity has an influence on the shape of the flexible elements 5, since these react to moisture in the vicinity of the flexible elements 5 by their layer structure 6, 7.FIGS. 20 and 21 each show, by way of example, a section of a flexible element 5 having a first layer 6 and a second layer 7. the flexible element 5 has a multiplicity of LEDs 3 and corresponds to a variant embodiment of the third exemplary embodiment of the luminaire 1.In Fig. 20, the flexible element 5 is shown in a starting position. In Fig. 21, the flexible member 5 has been electrically driven by the heat emission of the LEDs 3. The flexible element 5 is curved. The bends of the flexible element are reversible, i.e. by driving the LEDs 3 the flexible element can be deformed again into a planar surface, as shown in Fig. 20.In Fig. 20, the flexible element 5 is shown rectilinear and not curved. In Fig. 21, the bendable member 5 has assumed a bent shape. This curved shape is achieved by controlling the presence of lighting means 3 on the flexible element 5. In the present exemplary embodiment, the lighting means 3 in the form of LEDs are arranged on the underside of the second layer 7 of the flexible element 5. The lighting means 3 are arranged in particular in the longitudinal direction 13 of the flexible element 5, for example by means of adhesive. Due to the fact that the first layer 6 of the flexible element 5 and the second layer 7 of the flexible element 5 react differently to moisture, in particular to relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible element 5, a deformation occurs on the flexible element 5, as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 21. By controlling individual lighting means 3, different bends along the longitudinal direction 13 of the flexible element 5 can be set. The lighting means 3 are controlled by an electrical contact 33 on the flexible element 5.In summary, a luminaire 1, a lampshade 4, a flexible element 5 and a method for operating a luminaire 1 are proposed. The luminaire 1 according to the invention has a lamp shield 4 which can be changed in its shape without bimetallic elements or electrical or mechanical drives changing the shape of the lamp shield 4. Instead, flexible elements 5, preferably in the form of sheets, are used for the shape change of the lampshade, which elements react to moisture, in particular to the relative humidity, in the environment of the flexible elements 5, in particular to a change in the relative humidity. In addition, the shape of the flexible elements 5 can be changed on account of heat transfer of the one or a plurality of lighting means 3. For this purpose, light-emitting diodes are preferably used as lighting means 3, which are arranged on or in the flexible element 5 and can change the shape of the flexible element 5 by emitting heat from the light-emitting diode chip.List of reference characters1 Luminaire 2 Receiving device 3 Lighting means 4 Lampshade 5 Flexible element 6 First layer 7 Second layer 8 Volume 9 Opening angle 10 Total thickness 11 First partial thickness 12 Second partial thickness 13 Longitudinal direction 14 Surface of a flexible element 15 Fastening device 16 Ring 17 Conical geometry 18 Interior of the lampshade 19 External environment of the lampshade 20 Leaf-shaped geometry of a flexible element 21 First horizontal row 22 Second horizontal row 23 Edge region 24 Overlap or overlap in the edge region 25 Transverse direction 26 Suspension, e.g. implemented as an electrical cable 27 Cable, for example wire cable 28 Balfachin 29 Axis of symmetry or longitudinal axis 30 Hollow body 31 Feedthrough 32 Electrical line 33 Electrical contact 34 Control unit for the lighting means 35 Air humidity sensor 36 Recess 37 Control software or application

Claims

A luminaire (1) comprising a receptacle (2) for a lighting means (3) and a lampshade (4) having a plurality of flexible elements (5), wherein each of the flexible elements (5) comprises a first layer (6) and a second layer (7), and wherein the first layer (6) of the flexible element (5) and the second layer (7) of the flexible element (5) react differently to moisture in the environment of the flexible element (5).Luminaire (1) according to claim 1, wherein the flexible elements (5) delimit a volume (8) of the lampshade (4) and the moisture in the volume (8) of the lampshade (4) can be influenced by operating the lighting means (3).A luminaire (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the flexible elements (5) in a first state form a closed lampshade (4) and the flexible elements (5) in a second state form an open lampshade (4).Luminaire (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one flexible element (5) can be changed in its shape by a heat source, in particular by a light-emitting diode component, wherein the heat source is arranged on or in the flexible element (5).Luminaire (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminaire (1) has a hollow body (30) and the hollow body (30) has at least one feedthrough (31), wherein electrical energy is guided through the feedthrough (31) from the interior of the hollow body (30) to at least one lighting means (3) on or in the flexible element (5).Luminaire (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminaire (1) comprises an air humidity sensor (35)Luminaire (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminaire (1) has a control unit (34) for controlling at least one lighting means (3).Luminaire (1) according to claim 7, wherein the control unit (34) can be controlled via control software (37) of an application or a building automation.A lamp shield (4) for a luminaire (1) comprising a plurality of flexible elements (5), wherein each of the flexible elements (5) comprises a first layer (6) and a second layer (7), and wherein the first layer (6) of the flexible element (5) and the second layer (7) of the flexible element (5) are differentially responsive to moisture in the environment of the flexible element (5).A flexible element (5) for a luminaire (1) comprising a first layer (6) and a second layer (7), wherein the first layer (6) of the flexible element (5) and the second layer (7) of the flexible element (5) are differently responsive to moisture in the vicinity of the flexible element (5).Method for operating a luminaire (1) comprising providing a receiving device (2) for a lighting means (3), providing a lampshade (4) with a plurality of flexible elements (5), wherein each of the flexible elements (5) comprises a first layer (6) and a second layer (7), and wherein the first layer (6) of the flexible element (5) and the second layer (7) of the flexible element (5) react differently to moisture in the environment of the flexible element (5); and driving at least one lighting means (3), wherein the driving of the lighting means (3) causes a deformation of the lampshade (4).

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