Method for calibrating artillery shells

Abstract

A method for calibrating artillery shells is proposed. During metalworking of the body of an artillery shell (1), grooves (2) with appropriate geometric dimensions are cut on the lateral surface or end surface (4) of the body. The shells (1) are placed on a balancing stand, where the value and angular coordinates of their existing unbalance are determined. The unbalance vector is corrected either on the lateral surface of the projectile body (1) or on the end surface (4) by one of two methods: either by installing balancing weights (5) in pre-punched grooves (2) or by drilling or milling balancing holes (6). After completing the correction of the unbalance vector, the artillery shells (1) are calibrated with respect to their mass by weights and corresponding markings on the body of each shell (1).The stabilization of the ballistic properties of artillery shells and the resulting increase in firing accuracy lead to a reduction in standardized consumption.

Description

[0001] The claimed invention relates to the military field, namely to the manufacture of artillery shells loaded separately into a gun barrel, mainly with a calibre of 122-155 mm.

[0002] According to the technology currently used in the military field, the method closest to the claimed invention in terms of the combination of features is a method for calibrating artillery shells, mainly with a caliber of 122-155 mm, which is carried out using a measurement parameter of the total mass by static weighing and marked on the body with 2 to 5 yellow squares, the number of squares corresponding to a sequential increase in the total mass of the shell by 0.4-0.6 kg, which is taken into account in ballistic calculations during firing (pp. 3-14, Technical Manual Datasheets for Guns, Howitzers, and Mortars Interoperable Ammunition. Washington: Headquarters, Department of the Army, 1986. Available at: https: / / bulletpicker.com / pdf / TM%2043-0001-28-3,%20Guns, %20Howitzers%20and%20Mortars, %20Interoperable%20Ammunition.p df.

[0003] The claimed invention is consistent with the known method for manufacturing artillery shells according to the combination of essential features mentioned below, in particular in the calibration of the manufactured shell according to the mass parameter.

[0004] However, the known method for manufacturing artillery shells does not provide the technical result claimed in the present invention, since the calibration based only on a measurement parameter of the total mass by static weighing does not take into account the dynamics of the rotational motion of the shell in the air, namely the dynamic unbalance of the mass due to the uneven distribution of the mass over the geometric shape of the shell, and therefore the known method is not able to eliminate the existing unbalance vector, which increases the lateral deflection and drift of the shell in flight, which negatively affects the ballistic trajectory, reduces the flight range and hitting accuracy and ultimately leads to exceeding the established consumption of shells for hitting each individual target.

[0005] The posed problem, for the solution of which the claimed utility model is used, is to improve the known method for calibrating artillery shells, eliminating the influence of the dynamic imbalance of the mass of shells on the ballistic trajectory by using an additional manufacturing operation to correct (reduce) the imbalance vector, which reduces the lateral deviation and drift of the shell in flight, and also stabilizes the dynamics of its rotational movement along a ballistic trajectory in the air, which will certainly lead to an increase in the flight range of the shell and an increase in hitting accuracy.

[0006] The task is solved in a method for calibrating artillery shells, in which the calibration to the mass parameter is carried out by determining the correction points of the unbalance vector and changing the mass of the shell at these points.

[0007] The specified combination of essential features provides a technical result consisting in eliminating the influence of the dynamic imbalance of the bullet mass on the ballistic trajectory by correcting (eliminating) the imbalance, which reduces the lateral deviation and drift of the bullet in flight and stabilizes the dynamics of its rotational movement along a ballistic trajectory, which will certainly lead to an increase in the flight range of the bullet and an increase in hitting accuracy.

[0008] An additional technical result is the reduction of unbalance and is ensured by the fact that the change in the mass of the bullet is carried out by adding corrective weights at the correction points of the unbalance vector in pre-cut grooves on its side or end surface.

[0009] An additional technical result is the elimination of the influence of powder gas pressure on the fastening strength of the correction weights in the grooves when firing from a gun and is ensured by the fact that the grooves in cross-section have a trapezoidal shape of the dovetail type.

[0010] An additional technical result is the reduction of the unbalance amounts and is ensured by the fact that the change in the mass of the bullet is carried out by subtracting the mass by drilling or milling correction holes at the correction points of the unbalance vector on the side or end surface of the bullet body.

[0011] The claimed invention is illustrated by the following figures: Fig. 1. The placement of grooves and correction weights on the side or end surface of the bullet body. Fig. 2. The placement of grooves and correction weights on the end face of the bullet base. Fig. 3. The placement of correction holes on the side surface of the bullet body. Fig. 4. The placement of correction holes on the surface of the bullet base.

[0012] The proposed procedure for calibrating artillery shells is carried out as follows.

[0013] When metalworking the body of an artillery shell (1) of a certain caliber, for example, 155 mm, trapezoidal dovetail-type grooves with appropriate geometric dimensions are cut along the circumference on the lateral surface or in the end part of the body, which do not change the structural strength of the shell to the pressure of powder gases during firing. After that, the shell is placed on a balancing stand, where the magnitude and angular coordinates of the existing unbalance are determined by balancing. The unbalance vector of the shell is corrected by a metalworker either directly on the balancing stand or at another workplace suitable for this operation. After correction, the balanced shell is again checked on a balancing stand for the quality of the correction.

[0014] If necessary, the unbalance vector correction operation is repeated until the standardized unbalance amount is reached. The unbalance vector correction is performed either on the lateral surface of the projectile body (1) along the double guide band (3) or on the end face (4) using one of two methods: either by placing correction weights in pre-cut grooves (2) or by drilling or milling correction holes (6). The correction weights or correction holes are placed at the correction points symmetrically to a precisely defined angular coordinate of the unbalance vector points.

[0015] After completing the unbalance vector correction operation, the artillery shells are calibrated for the static mass parameter by weighing, and appropriate markings are applied to the body of each shell. The principle of distributing the shells into five groups is taken into account based on the residual unbalance values ​​obtained after the correction, which have close values. If the residual unbalance values ​​of the shells differ significantly after the correction, although they do not exceed the standardized value, these shells must be recalibrated for the dynamic mass unbalance parameter (an additional calibration for the second parameter), namely for the residual unbalance value, taking into account the same distribution principle into groups: from two to five groups.

[0016] Calibrating artillery shells according to two mass parameters (static and dynamic) will improve long-range firing accuracy by allowing the use of shells with the same ballistic properties (lateral deflection and drift) while taking into account more accurate coordinate determination in ballistic firing calculations. Stabilizing the ballistic properties of artillery shells through calibrating them according to two mass parameters and the resulting increase in firing accuracy will lead to a reduction in the standardized bullet consumption (by quantity) required to hit each individual target. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited non-patent literature

[0000] pp. 3-14, Technical Manual Datasheets for Guns, Howitzers, and Mortars Interoperable Ammunition. Washington: Headquarters, Department of the Army, 1986

[0002] https: / / bulletpicker.com / pdf / TM%2043-0001-28-3,%20Guns, %20Howitzers%20and%20Mortars, %20Interoperable%20Ammunition.p df

[0002]

Claims

[1] The procedure for calibrating artillery shells, carried out by calibration according to the mass parameter, differs in that the mass calibration is carried out by setting the points of the unbalance vector and changing the mass of the shell at these points. [2] The method according to claim 1 differs in that the change in the mass of the projectile is carried out by adding a corrective weight at the points of the unbalance vector on its side or end surface into pre-cut grooves. [3] The method according to claim 1 and claim 2 differs in that the grooves have a trapezoidal shape of the dovetail type in cross section. [4] The method according to claim 1 differs in that the change in the mass of the projectile at the points of the unbalance vector is carried out by reducing the mass by means of drilling or milling holes at the points of the unbalance vector on the side or end surface of the body.

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