Device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces

Abstract

Device (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system, with a printing screen (12) and with a squeegee device (14) for flooding the printing screen (12) with a printing compound and / or for pressing printing compound through the printing screen (12), wherein the squeegee device (14) has at least one squeegee tool (16), an adjusting device (28) for adjusting the inclination of the squeegee tool (16), and a squeegee bearing (34) which allows an inclination adjustment of the squeegee tool (16) by means of the adjusting device (28) about an inclination axis (N), wherein the squeegee bearing (34) has at least one spring bearing (36, 38).

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing screen-printed workpieces, in particular three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces. The present invention further relates to a doctoring device, in particular for such a device.From the German utility model DE 20 2019 101 066 U1 a device for moving a doctor blade is known. The device has a doctor blade carrier on which the doctor blade is arranged. Furthermore, the squeegee is connected to the squeegee offset plate via a pivot axis which is arranged between the squeegee carrier and a squeegee offset plate of the devices. If a force now acts on the squeegee, it travels from the squeegee via the pivot axis toward the squeegee offset plate. Furthermore, the pivot axis is arranged so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and substantially parallel to a squeegee movement direction of the squeegee during a squeegeeing operation.A force-measuring cell can likewise be arranged between the doctor blade and the doctor blade offset plate or on the pivot axis. This measures a tensile force as well as a compressive force and thus a pressing force of the squeegee on a screen printing fabric. A force acting on the doctor blade and thus also on the pivot axis can thus be detected. However, the information obtained thereby has only limited relevance. Despite such a force measurement, inadequate printing results or even damage to the printing screen and / or the respective screen printing workpieces and / or the respective squeegee can occur during the execution of printing processes or squeegee movements. In the case of unfavourable squeegee movements or in the case of repeatedly unfavourable contacting of the printing screen by the squeegee, high wear of the respective apparatus components, in particular of the printing screen, can also be produced. Despite the pivot axis between the squeegee carrier and the squeegee offset plate, an unfavorable alignment of the squeegee or an unfavorable contacting of the printing screen by the squeegee can therefore occur.Against the background set forth above, the object of the present invention was to specify an apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces which ensures increased operating reliability and at the same time improved monitoring and adjustability of printing and / or doctor blade processesWith respect to the device, this object has been achieved by the subject matter of claim 1. This object has likewise been achieved by the subject matter of claims 107, 108 and 109. A doctoring device according to the invention is specified in claims 110 and 111. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims and are explained below.According to the invention, a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces is provided. Such a device can be, for example, a 3D screen printing system, preferably an automated 3D screen printing system.The device according to the invention is equipped with a printing screen and with a doctoring device for flooding the printing screen with a printing mass and / or for pressing printing mass through the printing screen. The doctor device has at least one doctor tool, an adjusting device for inclination adjustment of the doctor tool and a doctor bearing. The doctor bearing arrangement allows an inclination adjustment of the doctor tool by means of the adjustment device about an inclination axis and has at least one spring bearing arrangement.With the aid of the adjusting device, the inclination of the doctor blade tool can be adjusted in a targeted manner. When adjusting the inclination of the doctor blade, it is possible at the same time to adjust the force distribution with which the doctor blade acts on the printing screen or on the printing table, for example along its contact line or, for example, along the longitudinal extent. Thus, with the aid of an adjusting device according to the invention, a uniform or else intentionally non-uniform or adapted force distribution acting on the printing screen and / or the respective printing substrate can be achieved. An orientation of the doctor blade tool which may be unfavourable can thus be preceded by a specific adjustment and / or an orientation which may be automatic and unfavourable can be corrected in a specific manner by means of an adjustment device.Furthermore, the doctor blade mounting can allow an inclination adjustment of the doctor blade tool about an inclination axis carried out by means of the adjustment device. It is thus possible to adjust or adjust the doctor blade tool independently of further assemblies and / or devices and / or relative to the assemblies and / or devices with only little handling effort. An inclination adjustment can thereby be carried out in a particularly controlled and reliable manner.By means of the spring mounting, a particularly advantageous support of the components movable relative to each other for the adjustment can finally be ensured. The spring mounting can maintain an adjusted adjustment position in particular automatically, so that an accidental or automatic adjustment of the inclination position after adjustment has been carried out can be reliably avoided. The spring mounting can exert, in particular, a spring force acting against the adjusting device. In the case of manual and / or automated inclination adjustment, a permanent spring force can consequently advantageously be exerted against the adjustment device. After actuation of the adjustment device, the predetermined inclination adjustment can thus be maintained automatically and with high certainty. The risk of an undesired relative movement of the components arranged such that they can be moved relative to one another by the adjustment device can consequently be reduced. Manual and / or automated adjustability is thereby simplified. The operational reliability and precision of setting for the alignment of the doctor blade tool can thus be advantageously improved.In the present case, three-dimensional screen printing can be understood in a particularly preferred manner to mean an additive manufacturing method in which a powder-based suspension is transferred by means of a squeegee through a solid printing mask or a printing screen to a substrate, such as, for example, to a printing table or to a workpiece carrier or a previously applied layer of a screen printing workpiece and dried. This procedure can be repeated several times until the respectively desired component height or component shape is achieved. In particular, in the case of three-dimensional screen printing, at least two or at least three printing layers can be produced on top of one another. In a final process step, the component produced in this way can be sintered. This can result in a screen printed workpiece.In the present case, three-dimensional screen printing can likewise be understood in a particularly preferred manner as an additive manufacturing method in which a powder-based suspension is transferred and dried by means of a squeegee through a solid printing mask or a printing screen onto a substrate, wherein the respectively desired component height or component shape is already achieved by a single printing. In a final process step, a component produced in this way can be sintered and a screen-printed workpiece can be produced. Insofar as a plurality of printing processes is mentioned here, a printing process may already be sufficient and suitable instead.Screen-printed workpiece can be understood in the present case in a preferred manner to mean a workpiece or a three-dimensional printed product which is to be subjected to or has been subjected to a sintering step. This relates in particular to workpieces made of a metal, a ceramic, a glass material and / or a plastic material. Alloys of steel, nickel, copper, titanium and / or ceramic alloys are particularly suitable for this purpose.Printed products made of plastic materials can be excluded or included by the term "three-dimensional screen printed workpiece". In particular, it is also possible to subject printed workpiece layers made of plastic material to a sintering step.Screen-printed workpiece can also be understood in the present case as a workpiece or a three-dimensional printed product which has been produced free of a sintering step or can be finished or is finished free of a sintering step. Consequently, a final curing of printing layers can also take place free of sintering steps. The curing of a screen printed workpiece can advantageously also be effected by UV curing and / or by a polymerization reaction and / or by drying, in particular by convection drying. Such curing can be preferably carried out in particular when a final curing of printing layers is to take place free of sintering steps.Screen-printed workpiece can be understood here additionally or alternatively to mean a workpiece or a three-dimensional printed product that has been produced completely by three-dimensional screen printing.Screen-printed workpiece can in the present case also be understood to mean a workpiece or a three-dimensional printed product which has been produced at least partially or in sections by three-dimensional screen printing. A screen-printed workpiece can therefore be produced by applying at least one printing layer or else a plurality of printing layers to a substrate provided in some other way, wherein the substrate forms part of the finished workpiece.A screen-printed workpiece in the sense of the present invention can furthermore be a pharmaceutical product and / or a biological product. Such screen printed workpieces can be manufactured, among other things, from pharmaceutical powder materials and / or powder mixtures and / or granules and / or from biological materials. In particular, pharmaceutical products and / or biological products can be finished free of sintering steps or sufficiently cured for the respective application.Screen printed workpieces produced from pharmaceutical powder materials and / or powder mixtures and / or granules can have drugs, active ingredients, auxiliaries, in particular fillers and / or binders and / or disintegrants and / or lubricants.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can be designed and / or configured for production under clean room conditions. In particular, the device can be designed and / or set up for production under clean room conditions according to clean room classes A, B, C and / or D according to EU-GMP.Further preferably, a device according to the invention for producing three-dimensional screen printed workpieces can be designed and / or configured for use in medical technology, in optics and / or laser technology, in air and space technology, in semiconductor technology, in biotechnology and / or in medical and / or in pharmacological research.The device according to the invention for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can likewise be designed and / or configured for use and / or use as medical and / or pharmaceutical products, implants and / or sterile products and / or medicaments and / or for use and / or use as tablets for active ingredient administration.According to the present invention, a screen-printed workpiece can be a workpiece which is built up on a workpiece carrier by three-dimensional screen printing in one or more printing processes. The screen-printed workpiece is in particular a workpiece which, after completion of the printing operation and / or after completion of a sintering operation following the printing operation, can be detached again from the respective workpiece carrier, in particular can be detached in a non-destructive manner.Between any printing processes for a screen printing workpiece, the respective workpiece carrier can be detached from the printing table or from the printing table plate or can be detached therefrom. The individual layers of a screen-printed workpiece-in the case of a multilayer construction-can be dried between two successive printing processes in a position remote from the printing table or from the printing table plate.According to a preferred embodiment, the device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can have a printing device having at least the printing screen and / or the squeegee device for the layer-by-layer production of at least one screen-printed workpiece in a plurality of screen-printing processes. Additionally or alternatively, the device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can have a printing device, which has at least the printing screen and / or the squeegee device, for applying a layer to a workpiece in at least one screen-printing process. With the aid of the printing device, a screen-printed workpiece can therefore be produced, namely in a particularly reliable manner and with high productivity. Such a screen-printed workpiece can be, for example, a component from vehicle construction or personalized medicaments, in the form of tablets.The printing device can have at least one printing table for positioning a workpiece carrier and / or a workpiece below the printing screen and / or below the doctor device. This advantageously ensures a secure and stable positioning of the respective workpiece carrier and / or of the respective workpiece and thus enables a secure and precise printing process.Further preferably, the printing device can have at least one screen receptacle for receiving the printing screen and / or the screen receptacle can be designed for adjusting the height position and / or the alignment and / or the inclination position of the printing screen. This ensures reliable positioning of the printing screen and also simple and reliable adaptation of the position of the printing screen.Furthermore, the adjusting device can be designed for inclination adjustment of a tool longitudinal axis running along the longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool relative to the printing screen and / or relative to a printing table and / or relative to a horizontal plane. The adjusting device can thus perform an inclination adjustment of the doctoring tool in such a way that a tool longitudinal axis running in the longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool is inclined. Such an inclination can take place relative to the printing screen and / or relative to a printing table and / or relative to a horizontal plane and any alignment can be carried out in this way with only little effort. Thus, in a particularly advantageous manner, influence can be exerted on the force distribution present along the tool longitudinal axis of the doctoring tool between the doctoring tool and the printing screen or the respective printing base. This can improve the quality of the screen printed workpieces to be produced or the accuracy of the layers to be produced.Furthermore, the adjusting device can be designed for the inclination adjustment of a squeegee lower edge relative to the printing screen and / or relative to a printing table and / or relative to a horizontal plane. As a result, the adjusting device is able to align or incline the squeegee lower edge along its longitudinal extension relative to the printing screen and / or relative to a printing table and / or relative to a horizontal plane and as a result, the process parameters resulting therefrom can be influenced in a targeted manner. In particular, a uniform or else non-uniform force distribution between the doctor blade lower edge and the printing screen and / or the respective printing substrates along the tool longitudinal axis can be achieved. Consequently, the quality of the screen prints to be produced can be improved with further enhanced safety. This also allows adjustments or settings of the squeegee device to be carried out in a targeted manner with regard to the wear of the printing screen that is present in each case.Furthermore, the adjusting device can be designed for inclination adjustment of the doctoring tool about an inclination axis. In this case, the inclination axis can extend along a squeegee movement direction and / or at an angle to a vertical plane running through a squeegee lower edge. This embodiment advantageously makes it possible to ensure a constant force between the doctor blade and a printing screen or the respective printing base along the entire length of the doctor blade or-depending on the desired process control-also to generate unequal forces or forces constantly increasing or constantly decreasing along the length of the doctor blade. Inaccuracies caused by wear or deviations of the screen tensions along the print layout can be compensated for in a targeted manner as a result.Furthermore, the adjusting device can be designed for the translatory adjusting movement of the doctoring tool along a vertical direction. It is thus possible to set the distance between the doctor blade tool and the printing screen present before the contacting in a targeted manner and to influence the doctor force generated or rising by way of a lowering movement of the doctor blade tool on the printing screen. In this way, the doctor force with which the doctoring tool acts on the printing screen or also on the printing base can be adjusted.Furthermore, it can be provided that the adjusting device has at least one adjusting screw or a plurality of adjusting screws for inclination adjustment. The at least one adjustment screw can be designed as a micrometer screw. Such a configuration makes it possible to carry out a fine and exact adjustment of the inclination of the doctor blade tool. By means of such an adjustment screw of such a micrometer screw, an adjustment made can also be maintained particularly reliably and with little effort. In addition, the above-mentioned design permits a robust and cost-effective construction and a high level of operational reliability.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the doctor device can allow a translatory adjustment movement of the doctoring tool. Such a translatory adjusting movement can likewise be carried out by means of the adjusting device. It is thus possible to adjust or adjust the doctor blade tool in different movement dimensions independently of further assemblies and / or devices and / or relative to the assemblies and / or devices. An adjustment can hereby be carried out in a particularly precise and controlled and reliable manner overall.According to a further preferred embodiment, the spring mounting can have at least one leaf spring mounting and / or can be designed as a leaf spring. Such a leaf spring ensures a high degree of functional reliability, can be provided at low costs and at the same time can be arranged in a small installation space.In addition, the doctor blade mounting can have a plurality of spring mounting arrangements. In particular, the doctor blade bearing can have a plurality of leaf spring bearings. The safety of a spring-elastic support can thus be increased and at the same time even a uniform spring support can be ensured. The at least one spring mounting can also exert a spring force acting against the at least one adjustment screw. This embodiment can ensure that a permanent spring force is exerted against the respective adjustment screw during a manual and / or automated inclination adjustment and the inclination adjustment predefined by the adjustment of the respective adjustment screw is automatically maintained. The risk of an undesired relative movement of the components arranged such that they can be moved relative to one another by the adjustment screw can consequently be reduced. Manual and / or automated adjustability is thereby simplified.Furthermore, the doctor blade mounting can have at least one slot guide, wherein the slot guide can preferably be subject to play. The relative movement of two components which adjoin the at least one spring mounting and / or which are movable relative to one another by the adjusting device or adjusting screw can thus be made possible in a simple manner.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the doctoring device can have at least one fixing device for fixing an inclination position of the doctoring tool adjusted by the adjusting device and / or for fixing a translatory adjusting position adjusted by the adjusting device. As a result, the inclined position of the doctoring tool, which can be set or adjusted in advance with the aid of the adjusting device, can be fixed in a simple and reliable manner. A finely adjusted inclination adjustment position for the operation of the device can thus be fixed, so that a change in the spatial position of the doctoring tool or of the doctoring device can be effectively prevented. The same applies to the translatory adjustment position, in which the position of the doctor blade tool preset spatially via the adjustment device can likewise be fixed or securely fixed with the aid of the fixing device.In addition, the at least one fixing device can have at least one fixing screw or a plurality of fixing screws. With the aid of this configuration, it is possible in a simple manner to realize a secure fixing, with at the same time a simple and relatively cost-effective construction.In addition, the fixing screw can be guided in an elongated hole guide of the doctor blade mounting, in particular can be guided with play. An elongated hole guide enables a well-defined change in the relative position between the components arranged movably with respect to each other. At the same time, the guidance of the respective fixing screw in an elongated hole guide can ensure a secure fixing of the relative mobility. Thus, it is possible for the fixing device or the fixing screw, after the inclination position or the spatial orientation of the doctor blade tool relative to the printing screen or printing table has been adjusted, for example, via the adjusting device, to fix precisely this relative position reliably and with little handling complexity. The slot guide allows a simple movement of the doctoring tool relative to a supporting structure of the doctoring device. The position assumed can be fixed by means of the fixing screws, so that the relative position between the doctor blade tool and the printing screen or printing table is fixedly set.Furthermore, the doctor device can have an adjustment holder and a supporting structure coupled to the adjustment holder. In this case, the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder and the supporting structure can be changed via the adjustment device. Thus, the adjustment device can thus make it possible to adjust the relative position and / or the relative alignment between the adjustment holder and the supporting structure.Furthermore, the doctor blade mounting can be formed between the adjustment holder and the supporting structure. Thus, the adjustment holder can be arranged on the support structure via the doctor blade mounting or coupled thereto. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one fixing device can be designed to fix the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder and the supporting structure. Thus, a relative movement between the adjustment holder and the support structure can be prevented, for example, by means of the fixing device, in particular after an adjustment of the relative position has been carried out.Furthermore, the adjusting device and / or the at least one adjusting screw can be arranged on the adjusting holder and can be brought into operative contact with the supporting structure and / or into operative contact with the supporting structure. Thus, the adjusting device or the adjusting screw can act on the supporting structure starting from the adjusting holder and apply adjusting forces required for an adjustment.Additionally or alternatively, the adjusting device and / or the at least one adjusting screw can be configured to generate a relative movement between the adjusting holder and the supporting structure. It may thus be possible that the adjusting device or the at least one adjusting screw can specify a spatial position in cooperation between the adjusting holder and the supporting structure, along which the supporting structure aligns itself.According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one spring mounting, in particular the leaf spring mounting, can be clamped on the adjustment holder and / or on the supporting structure. In this way, the at least one spring mounting, in particular the leaf spring mounting, the adjustment holder and / or the supporting structure can elastically clamp in and thus hold in position or hold the adjustment holder and the supporting structure in position or in contact with one another relative to one another.Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the at least one spring mounting, in particular the leaf spring mounting, generates a prestress of the supporting structure against the adjustment holder and / or against the adjustment device arranged on the adjustment holder. This prestress can promote the automatic and reliable maintenance of a spatial alignment or position of the doctoring tool, which can be arranged on the supporting structure, relative to the alignment position, wherein the alignment device in turn enables a fine adjustment of the spatial alignment or positioning of the doctoring tool, in particular via the supporting structure.It is accordingly possible in such a configuration that the at least one spring mounting exerts a force on the supporting structure permanently, which force presses the supporting structure against the adjustment position or against the at least one adjustment screw-in. In this case, the adjustment device can be used to adjust the inclination and / or to perform a translatory adjustment movement of the doctor blade tool counter to the spring force applied by the spring mounting or in the force direction of the spring force applied by the spring mounting.According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one spring mounting, in particular the leaf spring mounting, can be arranged within a recess of the supporting structure and / or arranged running along the recess of the supporting structure. In addition, the at least one spring mounting or the leaf spring mounting can be clamped to the supporting structure at one end of the recess.Furthermore, the at least one spring mounting, in particular the at least one leaf spring mounting, can also be supported on a bearing pin which is connected to the adjustment holder and / or protrudes relative to the adjustment holder. In particular, the bearing pin can be connected to the adjustment holder and project as far as into the recess of the supporting structure, so that a support of the spring mounting or of the leaf spring mounting on the bearing pin is made possible.Additionally or alternatively, the spring mounting can also have a spiral spring and / or a gas pressure spring and / or be designed as a spiral spring and / or gas pressure spring.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the doctor device can have a fastening system for fastening and / or for clamping the doctoring tool. The fastening system can preferably be designed as a clamping system and / or clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system. The aforementioned systems serve for the uncomplicated, simple and / or rapid change of a doctoring tool and for a correct and secure fixing of the doctoring tool for carrying out the respective printing or doctoring processes.The fastening system can be actuatable without tools and / or by at least one toggle screw or by a plurality of toggle screws, in particular for clamping and / or for clamping and / or for releasing a doctor blade tool. Thus, the fastening system serves for the rapid and simple change of the doctoring tool, in particular with only a low handling outlay.Furthermore, the fastening system can be arranged on the supporting structure and / or can be formed at least partially by the supporting structure. In this way, functions can be combined and the configuration of the device can be simplified and made compact.According to a still further preferred embodiment, it is possible that the doctor blade has a doctor blade and / or that a doctor blade of the doctor blade is manufactured at least in sections from a plastic material and / or from a sheet metal material. With the aid of the configuration of the doctor blade as a doctor blade and / or in combination with the configuration from a plastic material and / or from a sheet metal material, a high level of operational reliability and a high level of functionality can be ensured. Such doctor blades can be adjusted advantageously, for example, with regard to the elasticity and have a high media resistance. In addition, doctor blades can also be accommodated in limited construction spaces and make it possible to apply a particularly accurately defined force to the respective printing screen.According to a further preferred embodiment, it can also be provided that the doctor blade has a doctor holder and / or that the doctor blade is mounted on a doctor holder of the doctor blade and / or is clamped in or on a doctor holder. Thus, a doctor blade of the doctoring tool can be arranged and / or fixed to or in the doctor holder with high certainty.In addition, the doctor blade may have at least one doctor side surface extending between the side edges of the doctor blade. In this case, a doctor angle formed between the doctor side surface and a horizontal plane and / or between the doctor side surface and the printing screen and / or between the doctor side surface and a printing table can be predefined and / or defined by the doctor holder. Thus, by the design of the squeegee blade or by the design of the squeegee holder, the squeegee angle can be optimized or selected to the effect that the respective printing mass can be pressed through the printing screen in the best possible manner by the squeegee blade and, at the same time, the risk of damage to the printing screen, for example on account of tilting, can be kept low.Furthermore, the doctor tool can have at least one coupling section formed on the doctor holder and / or connected to the doctor holder for connection to the fastening system and / or for clamping or clamping in the fastening system. Thus, the coupling section allows the doctoring tool to be securely connected to the fastening system and / or to be clamped or clamped in the fastening system. The coupling section can be designed, for example, as a groove or as a shaped section for positive engagement behind by the fastening system.According to a further preferred embodiment, the doctoring tool can be designed as a replaceable tool. Additionally or alternatively, by replacing the doctoring tool, the doctor angle between a doctor side surface and a horizontal plane and / or the printing screen and / or a printing table can be changed. By configuring the doctor blade tool as a replaceable tool, the doctor blade tool can be replaced easily and quickly with regard to different operating and process requirements. The device can therefore be quickly adapted to different operating and process requirements and, for example, the printing of different materials or the use of different printing screens and / or printing layouts can be accomplished with only little effort. By changing the squeegee angle, it is possible to print different materials or to achieve different print results or print job strengths, for example, using one and the same device.According to a further preferred embodiment, the apparatus can have a sensor device for detecting doctor forces acting on the doctoring tool. Thus, conclusions about doctor blade forces can be drawn in a suitable manner and the respective process parameters and / or settings can be advantageously adapted, corrected and / or optimized.The sensor device can be designed to detect a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool.Thus, the doctor forces acting on the doctoring tool along the longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool or differences of the doctor forces along the longitudinal extension can be detected. As a result, the uniformity or even an unevenness of the force effect from the doctoring tool on the printing screen can influence the process control during the execution of printing or doctoring processes. An non-uniformity of the force effect can be counteracted either by the process control or by the adaptation of the device settings, or a non-uniformity of the force effect can be wanted or generated in a targeted manner.The force measurement by means of such a sensor device thus enables a particularly advantageous process control, by means of which increased operational reliability is enabled with simultaneously improved or more precise execution of printing or squeegee movements.Overall, this can make it possible in a particularly advantageous manner to ensure correct and uniform bearing of the doctor blade on a screen printing fabric or on a printing screen. This likewise makes it possible for process-dependent and / or wear-dependent adapted or else intentionally non-uniform bearing of the squeegee on a screen printing fabric or on a printing screen to be implemented. An initially non-uniform bearing of the squeegee on a screen printing fabric can, for example in the event of non-uniform wear of the printing screen, in turn generate uniform squeegee forces during the execution of a printing or squeegee movement. Thus, an advantageous adaptation to the prevailing wear conditions can take place and the service lives can be increased. Furthermore, with a sensor device according to the invention, wear of device components can also be reduced or the progress of wear can be slowed down in an advantageous manner.Finally, with such a sensor device, a relatively secure and monitored spatial alignment of the doctoring tool can be realized during the execution of printing or doctoring processes. As a result, qualitatively improved printing results and also an improved process control during the execution of printing or squeegee operations can be ensured.Furthermore, according to a further preferred embodiment, it is possible for the sensor device to have at least one force measurement sensor or at least two force measurement sensors, in particular two force measurement sensors connected in parallel. With the aid of this configuration, it is possible to detect effective doctor forces and / or doctor force deviations along the longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool with high certainty. In addition, such a configuration is cost-effective and can be implemented with only limited design complexity.Furthermore, the force measurement sensors can be arranged spaced apart from one another along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool. This embodiment makes it possible to detect forces at mutually spaced points of the doctoring tool or at mutually spaced measurement points with the aid of the force measurement sensors. This makes it possible to ensure that the force exerted by the doctor blade tool on the printing screen and / or on a printing table is uniform, for example, or-depending on the desired process control-can be adjusted non-uniformly in a targeted manner.Such a configuration likewise promotes the generation of particularly precise layer thicknesses or a particularly precise layer application to a workpiece or to a workpiece carrier or to a printing base. The respective layer thickness can be maintained particularly well reproducible during operation using such a sensor device and also constantly over a plurality of printing processes.Furthermore, by such a configuration, a intentionally unequal layer application can be realized at different printing points of a printing layout, which is defined by a printing screen, for example for compensating for previous manufacturing inaccuracies.Finally, with the aid of the force measurement sensors, the spatial orientation or orientation of the doctor blade tool can be checked particularly reliably or, if appropriate, influenced in a targeted manner by comparing the forces detected by the force measurement sensors.In a further preferred embodiment, the force measurement sensors can be designed for the simultaneous measurement of absolute doctor forces at measurement points spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool. The simultaneous measurement of absolute doctor forces at measurement points spaced apart from one another allows the direct comparison of the detected or measured doctor forces of the force measurement sensors with one another. This also enables simultaneous processing of the acquired measurement data and thus the implementation of particularly safe and reliable control loops.In addition, the force measurement sensors can be designed to detect relative doctor force deviations at measurement points spaced apart along the longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool. This embodiment makes it possible, for example during a printing operation in which the doctor blade is sweeping over a printing screen, to record the doctor forces along a doctor movement direction of the doctor blade or during the movement of the doctor blade and to determine a relative doctor force deviation with only little effort. Thus, for example, for subsequent printing processes and / or for a printing process still running, influence can be exerted on any printing parameters. It can be ensured in particular that the contacting of the squeegee tool on the printing screen takes place within desired parameters or the printing screen is contacted by the squeegee tool within predetermined and / or adapted parameters, whereby influence can be exerted with high precision on the layer thicknesses per printing layer and / or at different points of a printing layout. Overall high print quality can be achieved as a result.Absolute doctor forces and / or relative doctor force deviations can therefore advantageously be detected with a sensor device. For example, absolute doctor forces can be detected after the doctoring tool has been placed on the printing screen or on the printing table. In contrast, relative doctor force deviations can be detected during a movement of the doctoring tool on the printing screen or on a printing table.Furthermore, in a plan view of the doctor device, the at least one force measurement sensor or the force measurement sensors can be arranged above a contact line of the doctor tool. Additionally or alternatively, in a plan view of the doctor device, the at least one force measurement sensor or the force measurement sensors can be aligned with a contact line of the doctor tool. The contact line is the contact line along which the doctor blade tool contacts the printing screen or the printing table. Thus, with the aid of this configuration, moments acting on the printing screen or on the doctor blade tool, which can distort or adversely affect a force measurement by the sensor device, can be avoided as much as possible.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the doctoring device can have an adjusting device for moving the doctoring tool between a raised starting position and at least one lowered operating position. Thus, with the aid of the adjusting device, the squeegee device can be moved, for example, toward or away from a printing table and / or toward or away from a printing screen, in particular with only a slight amount of operator control or without operator control effort by the respective operator.In addition, the adjusting device can have at least one linear drive or a plurality of linear drives. Thus, the adjusting device is capable of performing a linear movement with high certainty and a relatively high degree of automation.In addition, the adjusting device can have a plurality of linear drives connected in series. In this way, it is possible to increase the stroke of the adjusting device or to use different linear drives for different adjusting functionalities.At least one linear drive of the adjusting device can be designed as an electrical or electromechanical linear drive and / or as an electrical spindle drive and / or as an electric cylinder and / or as a linear actuator. By means of such a linear drive, the respectively required stroke can be reliably provided and can also be arranged in a small installation space. In addition, such linear drives can advantageously be combined with one another.Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one linear drive of the adjusting device is designed as a pneumatic linear drive or linear cylinder. Thus, the adjusting device is capable of performing a linear movement with the aid of pressurized gas. By means of such a pneumatic linear drive or linear cylinder, a resilient contacting of the printing screen by the respective squeegee can be advantageously achieved, so that the risk of damage to device components can be reduced.The pneumatic linear drive can be arranged in the force flow between the electrical or electromechanical linear drive and the doctoring tool. Thus, the stroke of the adjusting device can be rapidly varied or enlarged or reduced by actuating the pneumatic linear drive. In addition, by means of such an arrangement, upon actuation of the pneumatic linear drive, a resilient behavior can be provided in an advantageous manner between the electrical or electromechanical linear drive and the doctoring tool.Furthermore, the sensor device can be arranged in the force flow between the adjusting device and the doctor blade tool. Thus, a force acting on the doctor blade tool can be detected close to the point of origin. In addition, the force generated by the actuating device is also detected via the sensor device. This makes it possible to achieve precise measurement results which can be used advantageously for the further or later process management.In addition, the sensor device can be arranged in the force flow between the actuating device and the doctor blade mounting and / or in the force flow between the actuating device and the adjusting device and / or in the force flow between the actuating device and the adjusting holder. This embodiment has the advantage that the sensor device detects the forces generated by the actuating device during the contacting of a printing screen by the doctoring tool close to the actuating device itself. Particularly exact measurement results can thereby be obtained.Furthermore, the sensor device, in particular the force measurement sensors of the sensor device, can be arranged fixedly between the adjustment holder and a sensor holder connected to the actuating device. Such a construction is particularly robust and has only a low susceptibility to faults. The measurement results obtained in each case from a sensor device arranged in this way therefore have only a low susceptibility to errors.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can have a doctor blade movement device for moving the doctor blade device and / or the doctor blade tool along a doctor blade movement direction running in the horizontal direction. It is thus possible to move a doctoring tool or the doctoring device along a doctor movement direction running in the horizontal direction. As a result, for example, a printing mass can be distributed by the doctoring device and / or the doctoring tool on the printing screen and pressed through the latter in order to carry out a layered construction of the respectively desired tool.The squeegee movement device can have at least one linear drive for moving the squeegee device and / or the squeegee tool. Thus, the doctor device and / or the doctor tool can be linearly movable in a direction back and forth or forwards and backwards. Consequently, a plurality of successive printing passages can be advantageously realized with the apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces. Likewise, this can result in flooding of the printing screen by a flooding squeegee during a forward movement and printing by a printing squeegee during a rearward movement.According to a further preferred embodiment, the squeegee movement device can have a portal system with linear guides and / or a cross member and / or a support device for supporting the cross member on the linear guides. It is thus possible to move the doctoring tool or the doctoring device floating above a printing table and / or floating above a printing screen, for example to move it linearly. Thus, a safe sequence of successive printing passes can be ensured with the apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces. Such a portal system or portal axis system is particularly suitable in particular with regard to the installation space requirements of a printing device. The respective printing screen and / or a printing table can be positioned in an advantageous manner below the portal system and printing of printing mass through the printing screen can be made possible with high operational reliability by the movement generated in each case. Such a portal system also allows the movement of a relatively heavy doctor system with a high movement precision.In this case, it is possible for the linear guides to run along the doctor movement direction. The portal system or the doctor device and / or the doctor tool can thus be moved along the doctor movement direction. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible for the cross member to extend between the linear guides and / or transversely to the linear guides in a plan view. Thus, the cross member can connect the linear guides and also move the doctor device together with the linear guides. This can ensure a high overall stability and thus also a further improved precision of movement.Furthermore, the doctor device and / or the adjusting device of the doctor device can be fastened to the cross member of the portal system. Thus, a movement of the cross member thus causes a movement of the doctor device or of the doctoring tool. The adjusting device in turn enables a relative movement of the doctoring tool with respect to the cross member of the portal system in this way.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the doctor device can be arranged immovably along a longitudinal extent of the cross member.Such mobility is not required for carrying out doctor motions, and immobility along a longitudinal extension of the cross member simplifies the overall structure and can improve the stability or rigidity of the portal system.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the at least one linear drive of the squeegee movement device can be coupled to the cross member of the portal system. Thus, a movement of the linear drive thus causes a movement of the cross member, which is then also accompanied, for example, by a movement of the doctor device or of the doctor tool. Such a construction can be implemented in a structurally simple and robust manner.Furthermore, the device for producing three-dimensional screen printed workpieces can have two doctoring devices. In this case, one doctoring device can be designed as a flooding doctoring device and another doctoring device as a pressure doctoring device. Additionally or alternatively, both doctoring devices can be arranged on the doctor moving device, in particular on the cross member of the doctor moving device. Accordingly, a movement of the squeegee movement device causes a movement of the respective squeegee device or of the respective squeegee tool. Consequently, it can be ensured in an advantageous manner that two doctoring devices are moved jointly by the doctor moving device.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the doctoring device or the doctoring devices and the doctor moving device can form a doctoring system. Such a squeegee system can be arranged as an overall assembly above a printing screen or a printing table and provide squeegee movement with high movement precision.According to a still further preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the squeegee device is designed for printing in a position mode. In the position mode, a pneumatic linear drive of the actuating device can be retracted and / or an electrical or electromechanical linear drive of the actuating device can be at least partially extended or lowered. In other words, the pneumatic linear drive can be deactivated, whereas the electrical or electromechanical linear drive can be in operation. With an electric or electromechanical linear drive, a specific position can be moved very exactly. In this case, by deactivating the pneumatic linear drive, a spring-elastic restoring movement can be avoided or reduced, with the result that a desired lifting position can be maintained very accurately.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the squeegee device can be designed for printing in a force mode. In the force mode, a pneumatic linear drive of the actuating device can be partially or completely extended and / or lowered. In the force mode, it is thus possible to generate a large force and a large stroke in a simple manner quickly or in a small period of time by means of the pneumatic linear drive. At the same time, in a force mode, a spring-elastic behavior of the pneumatic linear drive can contribute to the relatively precise maintenance of a desired doctor force. Sudden changes in the doctor blade force can be avoided in such a force mode.According to an even further preferred embodiment, in a force mode an electrical or electromechanical linear drive of the actuating device can be retracted or only at least partially extended or lowered. Consequently, the electric or electromechanical linear drive can also be used in a force mode for generating a stroke. Likewise, the electric or electromechanical linear drive can remain deactivated in a force mode.According to a still further preferred embodiment, in a power mode the pneumatic linear drive of the adjusting device can be operated as a gas spring. This is a simple and cost-effective embodiment of the linear drive and as a result an accurate maintenance of a desired doctor force can be ensured even in the case of fluctuating restoring movements of the doctoring tool.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the pneumatic linear drive of the adjusting device can have a proportional valve for operation as a gas spring. A proportional valve may be an electromagnetic or medium controlled valve that can assume any intermediate positions between an open and a closed position. Thus, the flow rate of gas through the proportional valve may be regulated and / or controlled. The precise adjustability and maintenance of a desired doctor blade force can thereby be further improved.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces can have a control device for controlling and / or regulating the actuating device and / or the doctor blade movement apparatus and / or the adjusting device and / or for processing and / or for evaluating and / or for storing and / or for comparing sensor data of the sensor device. The control device can thus advantageously control or regulate and / or process the aforementioned devices and their data. This ensures a high level of productivity, reproducibility and operational reliability and also a high information and data density relating to the respective production processes can be generated.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force directly on a printing table and / or in a screen-free arrangement via the sensor device upon application of force by the doctoring tool. This makes it possible to exclude effects of the printing screen, in particular restoring forces of the printing screen, on the generation of the doctor force. This advantageously allows conclusions to be drawn about the elasticity of the doctoring tool and / or of the adjusting device and / or of the entire doctoring device, and the doctoring forces determined in this way can be taken into account for subsequent printing processes. In such an arrangement, the doctor force is decisively caused by the elasticity of the doctoring tool and / or the adjusting device and / or the entire doctoring device, since the printing table regularly has a high rigidity or low flexibility.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force via the sensor device when the squeegee tool acts on a printing screen, in an operating position resting with the printing screen on a printing table and / or a fixed printing base. In particular, in such a position, the printing screen can rest completely and / or flat on the respective printing table and / or the respective printing base. In such a position, there is therefore already a planar contact between the printing screen and the printing table or the printing base, so that such a contact does not have to be produced first by a downward movement of the doctor blade tool. Therefore, when the squeegee tool acts on the printing screen, there is no or only negligible elastic deformation of the printing screen. As a result, effects of the printing screen, in particular restoring forces of the printing screen due to appreciable elastic deformation, on the formation of the doctor force can be largely ruled out. This in turn allows conclusions to be drawn about the elasticity of the doctoring tool and / or of the adjusting device and / or of the entire doctoring device, and the doctoring forces determined in this way can be taken into account for subsequent printing processes and / or measurement processes. At the same time, complete removal of the printing screen from the printing region can be avoided.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force via the sensor device when the squeegee tool acts on a printing screen, free of contact between the printing screen and a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece. In the event of such a force effect, the doctoring force corresponds to a restoring force of the printing screen, which is set on account of an elastic deformation of the printing screen. This makes it possible to draw a conclusion as to the mechanical behavior of the printing screen or as to its state or as to the doctor forces in cooperation between the doctoring device and the printing screen. Conclusions can therefore be drawn about the elasticity of the printing screen and the doctor forces determined in this way can be taken into account for subsequent printing processes and / or measurement processes.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force via the sensor device when the squeegee tool acts on a printing screen and when a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece is contacted by the printing screen, which is generated by the action of the force on the printing screen, in particular when the printing screen is elastically deformed. Consequently, in such an operating position, a force effect of the doctoring tool on the printing screen can first take place and an elastic deformation of the printing screen can be produced by this force effect, on account of which deformation the printing screen comes into contact with a printing table located beneath and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece. The doctor force generated in this case is caused both by the restoring force of the printing screen on account of the elastic deformation which occurs in each case and by the restoring force of the printing table and / or of a printing base and / or of the at least one screen-printed workpiece. The squeegee forces in cooperation between the squeegee device, the printing screen and also the printing table or the printing base and / or the respectively produced screen printing workpieces below the printing screen can be determined in this way.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool effected by means of the adjusting device. Thus, the control device may thus be capable of detecting and / or evaluating the increase in doctor forces with the aid of the sensor device. This advantageously makes it possible to influence the lowering movement as a function of the detected squeegee forces and / or to detect the squeegee forces which are produced during the lowering movement and / or to store them for later evaluation processes.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool, which movement takes place exclusively on the printing screen by means of the actuating device, in particular free of a contacting of a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece by the printing screen. As a result, influences of the elastic deformation of the printing screen on the increase in the doctor force during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool can be detected in an insulated manner.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool, which is effected by means of the adjusting device on the printing screen, in an operating position in which the printing screen rests on a printing table. As a result, influences of the elastic deformation of the squeegee unit train and / or of the adjusting device and / or of the squeegee device on the whole on the squeegee force increase during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool can be detected in an insulated manner.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device during a squeegee force by means of the adjusting device on a printing table and / or on a printing substrate, in particular in a screen-free arrangement. This also allows influences of the elastic deformation of the squeegee unit train and / or of the adjusting device and / or of the squeegee device on the whole on the increase in squeegee force during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool to be detected in an insulated manner.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in squeegee force via the sensor device during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool effected by means of the actuating device on the printing screen and when a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece are contacted by the printing screen, in particular when the printing screen is elastically deformed. As a result, influences of the printing table and / or the printing base and / or the at least one screen printing workpiece below the printing screen on the increase in squeegee force during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool can be detected.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to end a lowering movement by the adjusting device when an increase in doctor force is detected by means of the sensor device during the lowering of the doctoring tool. Thus, the control device can serve to end precisely this lowering when a specific or a predetermined doctor force is reached during the lowering of the doctoring tool. This serves both to conserve the doctoring tool or the doctoring device and also the printing screen and / or the printing table.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to automatically or partially automatically reference a squeegee height when an increase in squeegee force is detected by means of the sensor device during the lowering of the squeegee tool. This can mean that the control device, on the basis of an beginning increase in the doctor force or on the basis of the beginning increase in the doctor force during the lowering of the doctor blade, specifies a possible doctor blade height, for example a setpoint height or setpoint position of the doctor blade, as reference, which can in turn serve as reference for subsequent processes. The reproducibility of the respective processes can be further improved as a result.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extension of the doctor blade during a lowering movement of the doctor blade tool via the sensor device, which movement takes place by means of the adjusting device. Accordingly, the control device can detect, compare and / or evaluate doctor forces along the longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool. As a result, it is possible, for example, to use the control device to influence a uniform force distribution along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool, such that the pressure or the force of the doctoring tool on the printing screen can be set to be constant or constant and / or kept constant along the longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool. Likewise, intentional doctor blade force deviations along the longitudinal extension can be adjusted and / or maintained.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to automatically or partially automatically perform an inclination adjustment by means of the adjustment device in the event of a doctor force deviation detected by means of the sensor device along a longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool. In this way, with only a low handling effort, the spatial orientation of the doctoring tool can be adjusted and / or corrected in a targeted manner with the aid of the adjustment device and with the aid of the sensor device, such that the respectively desired doctoring force or doctoring force distribution can be adjusted along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool and / or along the entire length of the doctoring tool. Because this adjustment or inclination adjustment and / or correction can be carried out automatically or partially automatically, operation intensive in personnel can be avoided and productivity can be increased.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to reference the inclination position of the doctor blade upon detection of a doctor force distribution which is uniform along a longitudinal extension of the doctor blade and / or is within a tolerance. Consequently, the control device can use referencing carried out in this way for subsequent printing or squeegee operations. In particular, starting from a referenced inclination position, either no further adjustment effort or a reduced adjustment effort may be required, since the desired doctor blade force distribution is already present or can be achieved with little adjustment effort.Furthermore, the control device can be designed to fix the inclination position of the doctoring tool automatically or partially automatically when detecting a doctor force distribution which is uniform along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool and / or is within a tolerance. Consequently, the control device can be designed to activate, for example, at least one fixing device of the doctor device for fixing an inclination position of the doctor tool adjusted by the adjusting device and / or for adjusting a translatory adjustment position adjusted by the adjusting device and / or to actuate such that the at least one fixing device locks or fixes an inclination position of the doctor tool or a translatory adjustment position. Because this fixing can be automatic or partially automatic, human operating errors can be at least reduced and any handling complexity can also be kept low.Furthermore, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force and / or a doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction of the doctoring tool via the sensor device during a movement of the doctoring device taking place by means of the doctoring movement device along a doctoring movement direction running in the horizontal direction. Thus, during the movement of the doctor device, the control device can recognize a doctor force and / or a doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction of the doctoring tool with the aid of the sensor device and the information and / or data obtained therefrom can influence the further or subsequent process control or be used as influencing parameter for a possible control and / or regulation by the control device. This can ensure an overall improvement in the printing results.A detection and / or evaluation by the control device described above and also below can be effected when the doctor tool exclusively acts on the printing screen and / or when a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece is contacted by the printing screen generated by the action of the doctor tool on the printing screen.Furthermore, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force change as a function of the squeegee position along the squeegee movement direction during a movement of the squeegee apparatus taking place by means of the squeegee movement device along a squeegee movement direction running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device. The control device can therefore detect and / or evaluate changes in the doctor force as a function of the doctor position above the printing screen or the printing table during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool or during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool. The information and / or data obtained in this way can be incorporated into the further or subsequent process control or can be used as influencing parameters for any control and / or regulation by the control device. Thus, variations in doctor force during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool above the printing screen or the printing table can be taken into account in a suitable manner and the printing results can be improved.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a change in the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction of the doctoring tool as a function of the doctor position along the doctor movement direction during a movement of the doctoring device taking place by means of the doctoring movement device along a doctor movement direction running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device. Consequently, during the movement of the doctor device, the control device can detect and / or evaluate changes in the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction of the doctor tool as a function of the doctor position with the aid of the sensor device. For example, an increase and / or a decrease and / or a constant of the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction of the doctor tool can be detected in a suitable manner during a doctor movement along a doctor movement direction in the horizontal direction. The information and / or data obtained in this way can be incorporated into the further or subsequent process control or can be used as influencing parameters for a possible control and / or regulation by the control device. Changes in the doctor force distribution along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool can thus be taken into account in a particularly advantageous manner. The printing results can be improved even further as a result.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to perform a continuous and / or repetitive detection of doctor forces and / or of doctor force deviations in the longitudinal direction of the doctoring tool during a movement of the doctoring device along the doctoring movement direction that takes place by means of the doctoring movement device and / or during a screen printing process. Thus, a continuous monitoring of doctor blade forces and / or of doctor blade force deviations during a movement of the doctor blade device can be realized with the aid of the control device and a further improved database for the subsequent process control, further screen printing processes and / or adjustments to the orientation and / or inclination position of the doctor blade tool to be carried out subsequently can be created.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to store and / or evaluate measurement data of continuous and / or recurrent registrations during a movement of the squeegee device along the squeegee movement direction that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device and / or during a printing operation. The control device can thus store measurement data for further processing and / or evaluate these. In particular in the case of measurement data from continuous and / or recurrent acquisitions, further findings, such as, for example, the wear of the printing screen and / or of the doctoring tool or of the doctoring device, can be determined. Suitable measures for subsequent printing processes can be initiated on the basis of such data in order to improve or maintain the print quality.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate the course of a squeegee force increase as a function of a lowering path via the sensor device during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool, which movement takes place by means of the adjusting device, in a screen-free arrangement and / or when the squeegee tool is acting directly on a printing table and / or in an arrangement resting on a printing table with the printing screen. By means of such a configuration, the force increase or the behavior of the doctoring tool in the course of the increase in the doctoring force can be determined free of influences of a printing screen. The findings and information obtained from these can be used in an advantageous manner for setting the inclination position of the doctoring tool and / or for controlling a lowering movement in the presence of a printing screen and / or for printing processes or doctoring movements.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate the course of a squeegee force increase as a function of a lowering path during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool onto the printing screen, which movement takes place by means of the adjusting device, without contacting a printing table and / or a printing base and / or a screen printing workpiece by the printing screen, via the sensor device. As a result, the course of a doctor force increase due to the elastic deformation of the printing screen during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool can be detected.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension of the printing screen by means of the sensor device and / or from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device, in particular to determine a relative screen restoring force and / or a relative screen tension of the printing screen. Consequently, the wear of the printing screen or any damage or manufacturing defects of the printing screen can be deduced with the aid of the control device. With a relatively low screen restoring force and / or screen tension or with only slowly increasing doctor blade forces after contacting the printing screen, a high wear of the printing screen can be concluded. A relative screen tension may specify screen tension differences at different portions of the respective print screen. Likewise, a relative screen tension can specify a screen tension difference between two different states, in particular wear states and / or aging states, of a printing screen. A relative screen restoring force can specify screen restoring force differences at different sections of the respective pressure screen and / or screen restoring force differences between two different states, in particular wear states and / or aging states.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect the beginning of a squeegee force increase during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool carried out by means of the actuating device and / or to define the lowering path of the squeegee tool present at the beginning of the squeegee force increase as a measurement reference starting point for the detection of a further squeegee force increase and / or for the detection of a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension and / or a reference screen restoring force and / or a reference screen tension and / or a screen aging. Thus, by detecting the beginning of the increase in the doctor force, a first contact with the printing screen or with a printing table can be deduced. Such a contact point can be used more advantageously as a measurement reference starting point and a particularly precise reference measurement or also monitoring measurement can be carried out in this way. For example, the position from which the squeegee force increase begins can be defined as a measurement reference starting point for the detection of reference screen tension and / or reference screen return force and / or defined as a measurement reference starting point for measurements of the screen tension and / or screen return force over the course of the service life of a printing screen.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to further lower the doctoring tool by means of the adjusting device starting from the measurement reference starting point and to detect a further increase in doctoring force as a function of the lowering path and to determine a screen restoring force and / or screen tension and / or a reference screen restoring force and / or a reference screen tension and / or a screen aging on the basis of the further increase in doctoring force. Consequently, the control device can determine the screen restoring force and / or screen tension and / or the elasticity of the printing screen on the basis of the measurement reference starting point and upon a further lowering of the adjusting device on the basis of the increase in the squeegee force.A detection of the sieve restoring force and / or sieve tension or the increase in the squeegee force as a function of the further lowering path, which was carried out with an intact sieve from the measurement reference starting point, can serve as a reference detection and can be used for subsequent evaluations and / or comparisons with renewed sieve restoring force measurements and / or sieve tension measurements. During the useful life of the respective pressure screen, the aging of the pressure screen can thereby be advantageously monitored for the wear and tear relationship.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine the screen restoring force and / or the screen tension of the printing screen at a plurality of positions along a squeegee movement direction running in the horizontal direction, in particular in or in the region of a center of the printing screen and / or adjacent to a printing screen edge or to the printing screen edges. Accordingly, the wear of the printing screen can be detected over the entire surface of the printing screen or over relatively widely distributed points on the printing screen. Consequently, a plurality of measurement points for the screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen can be determined or used, on the basis of which conclusions can be drawn about the state of the printing screen, specifically with regard to the wear of the printing screen. The detection safety and detection accuracy can thereby be further improved.According to a preferred embodiment, the control device can be configured to determine screen wear and / or screen aging by means of the sensor device and / or from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device and / or on the basis of a screen restoring force or a plurality of screen restoring forces and / or a screen tension or a plurality of screen tensions. Such a determination can be carried out with a comparatively low computing effort and at the same time with high certainty.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to perform a determination of the screen restoring force and / or the screen tension between printing processes and / or to repeat it periodically and / or to repeat a determination of the screen wear and / or the screen aging periodically. Thus, according to predeterminable or predetermined process sequences, the control device can determine the wire wear or the wire aging. On the basis of the respective result, a minimum printing quality of the device can be ensured with high certainty.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine a determination of the screen restoring force and / or screen tension by means of the sensor device and including a jump height between the printing screen and a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece and / or including a lowering path of the adjusting device and / or of the doctoring tool by means of the adjusting device. The accuracy of the detection of a screen restoring force and / or screen tension can be further more precisely defined in this way or suitably more precisely defined depending on different operating positions.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine, by means of the sensor device and / or from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device, an application force which is effectively transmitted from the doctor blade tool via the printing screen to a printing table and / or to a printing base and / or to at least one screen printing workpiece.The application force can therefore be the force which, starting from the doctor blade tool, acts or is transmitted via the printing screen onto the printing table and / or onto the respective printing base and / or onto at least one screen printing workpiece beneath the printing screen. A supporting force of the printing table and / or of the respective printing substrate and / or of the at least one screen-printed workpiece is opposed to the application force.The application force can significantly influence the quality and / or controllability of the respective printing process. In particular, the application force as a process parameter can have an influence on the quantity of printing compound applied via the printing screen to the printing table and / or to a printing substrate and / or to at least one screen printing workpiece. At the same time, the application force can have a substantial influence on the mechanical load of already printed screen-printed workpieces or of already constructed printing layers of a screen-printed workpiece.If the application force is too low, a suitable pressing out of printing compound through the printing screen or a suitable application of printing compound onto the printing substrate and / or the at least one screen printing workpiece cannot be ensured. If the application force is too high, already printed screen-printed workpieces or already built-up printing layers of a screen-printed workpiece can be damaged. An exact adjustability and / or controllability of the application force can thus contribute substantially to a reliable process control.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine the application force from a difference of the doctor force detected by the sensor device and a previously known and / or determined screen return force of the printing screen. The sieve restoring force or the sieve restoring force resulting from the sieve tension is opposed to the operating direction of the adjusting device during a lowering movement of the doctor blade. Thus, the effective application force can be advantageously determined as the difference between the doctor blade force and the wire return force or the wire return force resulting from the wire tension.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine the application force from a difference of the doctor force detected by the sensor device and a previously known and / or determined screen return force of the printing screen as well as a printing mass return force that is established on the basis of the printing printing of printing mass by the printing screen. Thus, the screen return force can be added with the printing mass return force and the sum can be subtracted from the squeegee force. The effective application force can thus be determined advantageously and with further improved precision.A printing mass restoring force can be determined by carrying out squeegee movements with and without printing mass on the printing screen and comparing the squeegee forces detected in each case with one another.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to keep the application force constant during the execution of a printing operation. In this way, a particularly uniform layer application can be ensured during a printing operation.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to carry out a plurality of printing processes with identical application forces and / or to keep deviations of the application forces between a plurality of printing processes below a predefined limit value. Different print layers or print layers built up on top of one another can therefore have an identical or substantially identical layer thickness, as a result of which the workpiece quality can be further improved.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an application force deviation along a longitudinal extension of the doctor blade tool. In this way, non-uniformities of the application force can be detected and compensated for, for example, by adjusting the inclination of the doctor blade tool and / or by adjusting the screen position.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine the application force by means of the sensor device and including a jump height between the printing screen and a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece and / or including a lowering path of the adjusting device and / or of the doctoring tool by means of the adjusting device.The offset height between the printing screen on the one hand and a printing table and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece on the other hand is decisive for the extent to which the printing screen is pressed down by the squeegee tool in the event of a force being applied, in particular is pressed down by the squeegee tool on account of a linear contact. Given knowledge of sieve restoring force profiles, which can be determined and / or stored beforehand, a conclusion can be drawn on the respectively present sieve restoring force by means of the offset height. A lowering path of the adjusting device and / or of the doctor blade by means of the adjusting device can provide conclusions about the elastic deformation of the doctor blade or else of the adjusting device and / or of the doctor device as a whole. The determination of the application force can hereby be carried out overall with increased accuracy.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device and / or the adjusting device can be designed to hold the doctoring tool at a fixed height position during the execution of a printing operation. By maintaining a fixed height position, a continuous, constant or uniform printed image can be ensured.Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that a fixed height position is fixed and / or maintained unchanged during the execution of a printing operation by means of the adjusting device and / or the control device. In this way, a continuous, constant or uniform printed image can be ensured with increased certainty over the entire print layout of a printing screen.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position of the doctoring tool in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation. A force-based control and / or regulation can ensure the advantage that printing material is pressed through the printing screen with a force that is constant along the squeegee direction or with a constant pressure. Force fluctuations can be compensated for. It can thus be avoided that, for example, an excessively large amount or also an excessively small amount of printing compound is locally pressed through the printing screen.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device and / or the adjusting device can be designed to maintain a defined squeegee force and / or a defined and effective application force during the execution of a printing operation. This has the advantage that a force which remains constant can be exerted over the entire print layout of the printing screen with further increased certainty and a particularly uniform printed image can thus be produced. Fluctuations in the doctor force can thus be compensated in a particularly advantageous manner. This can ensure a particularly high print quality.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device and / or the adjusting device can be designed to obtain a defined and / or predefined wire restoring force and / or wire tension during the execution of a printing operation. Any non-uniformities of the printing screen can be compensated for in a suitable manner as a result.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to convert measurement data of continuous and / or recurrent registrations of the sensor device into mean values during a movement of the squeegee device along the squeegee movement direction that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device and / or during a printing operation and / or to store and / or process them. With the aid of the conversion and / or storage and / or processing of acquired measurement data into mean values, a suitable database for subsequent control and regulating processes can advantageously be created and a low overall computing effort is ensured. Intensive computing operations of the control device can be reduced as a result and, on the other hand, a particularly uniform printed image can be further promoted. In addition, storage space for measured values and measured data can be saved in this way.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to convert measurement data from continuous and / or recurrent acquisitions of individual force measurement sensors into mean values during a movement of the squeegee device along the squeegee movement direction that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device and / or during a printing operation. The information quality can be improved by differentiating data of individual force measurement sensors in this way. At the same time, the amount of data to be processed can be reduced and the processing, storage and conversion of data or measured values can be accelerated.Further preferably, the control device can be designed to determine the screen return force and / or screen tension and / or determine the screen return force change and / or screen tension change during the execution of a printing operation. The information density or data base to be created in this way can therefore be improved or extended.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen after completion of a printing operation and / or before the beginning of a printing operation. In this way, the control device is capable of adjusting the printing screen in its spatial orientation to the effect that, for example, a constant pressure of the doctoring device or of its doctoring tool can be ensured. The alignment of the printing screen can be adapted to the alignment of the squeegee or a control and / or regulation can take place taking into account the alignment of the printing screen and of the squeegee tool. A high-quality printed image over the entire print layout of a printing screen can thereby be achieved with further improved security.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen as a function of stored and / or processed measurement data of the sensor device and / or individual force measurement sensors and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen return force and / or application force. Consequently, it is possible to control and / or regulate the spatial orientation of the printing screen by means of the height position, orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen on the basis of measurement data of the sensor device. By means of feedback from the sensor device, for example, the spatial orientation of the printing screen can be adapted such that a doctor force on the printing screen and over the entire printing layout or the entire surface of the printing screen is constant or-depending on the desired process control or desired process parameters-has deviations.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation. In this way, the control device is able to adapt or set the spatial orientation of the printing screen on the basis of measured forces which act, for example, on the doctor device or on the doctor tool, flexibly during a printing or doctoring process. The manufacturing accuracy and manufacturing flexibility can thereby be further improved.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen as a function of measurement data of continuous and / or recurring acquisitions of the sensor device and / or individual force measurement sensors and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen return force and / or application force during a movement of the squeegee device along the squeegee movement device that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device and / or during a printing operation. By such a configuration of the control device, the spatial position and / or orientation of the printing screen can therefore be adapted and / or controlled and / or regulated on the basis of acquired measurement data of the sensor device during operation of the apparatus or during movement of the squeegee apparatus with the aid of the squeegee movement device. The precision of printing can be improved still further in this way.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to set a doctoring force and / or application force by means of the adjusting device as a function of a component height and / or as a function of the number of already printed component layers. The level of a pressure build-up or workpiece that has already taken place and / or the number of layers of already printed component layers can be used advantageously in this way for the further process management. If the already constructed component height has an appreciable influence on the pressure of further printing layers or on the application of printing composition by the printing screen, this can be compensated in a suitable manner by setting the doctor force and / or application force by means of the adjusting device. Damage to the already printed component layers can thereby be effectively avoided.According to an even further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to lower a squeegee force and / or application force layer by layer and proportionally, starting from a starting squeegee force and / or starting application force, up to a boundary layer and / or, when a boundary layer is reached, to maintain the squeegee force and / or application force unchanged for the printing of further printing layers. In this way, it can be ensured that screen printing components have substantially constant layer thicknesses along the entire height. The printing precision can be improved still further in this way. In addition, in this way, an elasticity of the already printed component layers can be advantageously taken into account.According to a still further preferred embodiment, the control device can be designed to determine, in particular to determine as line pressure, an application force on the screen print workpieces located below the print screen on the basis of a determined screen return force curve and / or screen tension curve, a determined squeegee blade flexibility, a determined squeegee force over the pressure profile in the squeegee movement direction, a jump height between the print screen and a print table or a component surface and / or a height of the print screen. Such a determination can advantageously serve to produce high-quality screen printing components in which a continuous or constant print layer thickness from layer to layer is ensured. Ensuring constant print layer thicknesses can lead to improved component precision.According to a still further preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the control device is designed to perform a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of the application force and / or doctor force and / or the doctor speed along a doctor movement direction and / or a jump height and / or a screen lift functionality on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device during a screen printing process. The adaptation of the squeegee force and / or the squeegee speed by means of a detected ACTUAL force profile serves to adapt the process parameters for a running printing operation and / or for at least one subsequent printing operation in a suitable manner. The production of high-precision screen printing components can be effected in this way with further increased security. Any printing layers may have particularly precise thicknesses. In particular, in the case of a detected actual force profile, the respective printing process can be taken into account in real time and, as a result, settings can be carried out by means of which the screen printing component to be produced can be produced with increased precision.In addition, it can be provided that the control device is designed to perform a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of a screen layer alignment and / or screen height alignment on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device during a screen printing process and / or a detected application force and / or screen return force and / or screen tension. Thus, during operation or during operation of the apparatus, the control device can ensure, for example, an adaptation of the doctor force of the doctoring tool to the printing screen at least in sections or in places by changing the spatial position of the printing screen. Thus, manufacturing precision can be increased and inaccuracies of previous printing operations can be compensated. As a result, screen printed workpieces can be produced with further increased accuracy.A further independent aspect of the present invention relates to a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system and / or an automated 3D screen-printing system, having a printing screen and having a doctoring device for flooding the printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen, wherein the doctoring device has at least one doctoring tool, a sensor device for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool and a control device for evaluating and / or storing sensor data of the sensor device. In this case, the control device can be designed to determine a screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen by means of the sensor device and / or from captured and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device.By determining the screen return force and / or screen tension of the printing screen, it is possible in particular to record screen aging or wear and to readjust the doctor device in accordance with the determined screen return force and / or screen tension in order in particular to compensate for recorded screen aging or wear. The service lives of the components, the production accuracy and also the productivity can be improved as a result.A further independent aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular 3D screen printing installation, having a printing screen and having a squeegee device for flooding the printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen, wherein the squeegee device has at least one squeegee tool, a sensor device for detecting squeegee forces acting on the squeegee tool and a control device for evaluating and / or storing sensor data of the sensor device, wherein the control device is designed to use the sensor device and / or from detected and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device to transmit an application force which is transmitted from the squeegee tool via the printing screen effectively to a printing table and / or to a printing support and / or to at least one screen-printed workpiece, to determine.A further independent aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system and / or an automated 3D screen-printing system, having a printing screen and having a doctoring apparatus for flooding the printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen, wherein the doctoring apparatus has at least one doctoring tool and a sensor device for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool, wherein the sensor device is designed in this case to detect a doctoring force deviation along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool.Thus, the doctor forces acting on the doctoring tool along the longitudinal extension of the doctoring tool or differences of the doctor forces along the longitudinal extension can be detected. As a result, the uniformity or even an unevenness of the force effect from the doctoring tool on the printing screen can influence the process control during the execution of printing or doctoring processes. An non-uniformity of the force effect can be counteracted either by the process control or by the adaptation of the device settings, or a non-uniformity of the force effect can be wanted or generated in a targeted manner.It is pointed out that the features of the above-described device for producing screen printed workpieces as described above can be used individually or in combination with one another in a device for producing screen printed workpieces according to the further independent aspects of the invention as set forth above.Yet another independent aspect of the present invention relates to a squeegee device. According to the invention, a doctoring device can be provided for a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, as mentioned further above, and / or for a 3D screen-printing system. A squeegee device according to the invention can be equipped with at least one squeegee tool for flooding a printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen, with an adjusting device for inclination adjustment of the squeegee tool and with a squeegee mounting which permits inclination adjustment of the squeegee tool by means of the adjusting device about an inclination axis, wherein the squeegee mounting has at least one spring mounting.Yet another independent aspect of the present invention relates to a squeegee device. According to the invention, a doctoring device can be provided for a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, as mentioned further above, and / or for a 3D screen-printing system. A squeegee device according to the invention can be equipped with at least one squeegee tool for flooding a printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen and with a sensor device for detecting forces acting on the squeegee tool. In this case, the sensor device can be designed to detect a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extent of the doctoring tool.Yet another independent aspect of the present invention also relates to a doctoring device. According to the invention, a doctoring device can be provided for a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, as mentioned further above, and / or for a 3D screen-printing system. A squeegee device according to the invention can be equipped with at least one squeegee tool for flooding a printing screen with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen and with a sensor device for detecting forces acting on the squeegee tool. The sensor device can be designed to detect a screen restoring force and / or screen tension and / or screen aging.It is pointed out that the features and advantages of the apparatus for producing three-dimensional screen printed workpieces, as described above, can also be used individually or combined with one another in a doctor blade apparatus according to the independent aspects of the present invention described above.A further independent aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing screen-printed workpieces, in particular with an apparatus described above for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system and / or with an doctoring apparatus described above. In a method for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular with a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system, a printing screen is flooded with a printing compound by means of a squeegee device and / or printing compound is pressed through a printing screen by means of a squeegee device. Furthermore, in such a method, an inclination adjustment of the doctor blade tool is carried out by means of an adjusting device. The inclination adjustment of the doctor blade tool is carried out by means of the adjustment device about an inclination axis (N) and the doctor blade mounting is mounted and / or supported at least by a spring mounting during the inclination adjustment.A further independent aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing screen-printed workpieces, in particular with an apparatus described above for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system and / or with an doctoring apparatus described above. In a method for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular with a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system, a printing screen is flooded with a printing compound by means of a squeegee device and / or printing compound is pressed through a printing screen by means of a squeegee device. A squeegee force acting on a squeegee tool of the squeegee device is detected by means of a sensor device. Finally, a doctor blade force deviation along a longitudinal extension of the doctor blade tool is detected by the sensor device.A further independent aspect of the present invention likewise relates to a method for producing screen-printed workpieces, in particular with an apparatus described above for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system and / or with an doctoring apparatus described above. In a method for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular with a device for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces and / or a 3D screen printing system, a printing screen is flooded with a printing compound by means of a squeegee device and / or printing compound is pressed through a printing screen by means of a squeegee device. A squeegee force acting on a squeegee tool of the squeegee device is detected by means of a sensor device. Finally, a control device determines a screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device.The details and independent aspects described above with respect to the device, including the subordinate aspects relating to a device, and also the respectively described advantages apply in the same way to the methods according to the invention described above according to the further independent aspects.The invention is described below by way of example on the basis of advantageous embodiments with reference to the appended figures.They show in each case schematically: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for manufacturing three-dimensional screen printed workpieces according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device from FIG. 1 in an open state; FIG. 3 shows a perspective detailed view of a printing device of the apparatus of FIG. 1 ; FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a doctor blade device and a doctor blade movement device of the device from FIG. 1 ; FIG. 5 is a partial front view of a squeegee device of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 shows a sectional illustration of the doctor blade device from FIG. 5 ; FIG. 7 shows an enlarged detail view of the doctor device from FIG. 6 ; FIG. 8 shows a front view of the doctoring device from FIG. 5 without doctoring tool; FIG. 9 shows a side view of the doctor blade device from FIG. 8 ; FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line E--E of FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is an enlarged and partial sectional view of the doctor blade device of FIG. 10 ; FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line B--B of FIG. 9; FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line C--C of FIG. 9; FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line D--D of FIG. 9; FIG. 15 is a front view of a squeegee moving device of FIG. 4; FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the squeegee moving device of FIG. 15 ; FIG. 17 is a plan view of the squeegee moving device of FIG. 15 ; FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 15 ; and FIG. 19 shows a perspective illustration of a doctoring tool of the doctoring device from FIG. 18.FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a device 10 for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, wherein FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device 10 from FIG. 1 in an open state, in particular without a housing.FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a printing device 20 of the apparatus 10 from FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a squeegee movement device 72 of the apparatus 10 from FIG. 1.The mentioned FIGS. 1 to 4 show an apparatus 10 for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system. The device 10 can preferably be a 3D screen printing system. In particular, the device 10 can be a 3D screen printing system for the production of pharmaceuticals.The device 10 can be equipped with a printing screen 12 and with a doctoring device 14 for flooding the printing screen 12 with a printing material and / or for pressing printing material through the printing screen 12, as is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4.The doctoring device 14 also has a doctoring tool 16 and a sensor device 18 for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool 16. In this case, the sensor device 18 can be designed to detect a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16. The longitudinal extension L of the doctoring tool 16 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, among other things. Such a sensor device 18 can ensure, for example, a uniform action of force of the doctor device along the longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16.Consequently, the doctor forces acting on the doctoring tool 16 can therefore be detected along the longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16. Precisely as a result, a uniform or else specifically non-uniform application of force from the doctoring tool 16 to the printing screen 12 can be ensured. Furthermore, the secure and monitored spatial alignment of the doctoring tool 16 can also be realized.As is further illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the apparatus 10 can additionally have a printing device 20 having at least the printing screen 12 and / or the squeegee apparatus 14 for the layer-by-layer production of at least one screen-printed workpiece in a plurality of screen-printing processes and / or for the layer application to a workpiece, not illustrated in more detail, in at least one screen-printing process. The printing device 20 can be arranged, for example, adjacent to further functional regions of the apparatus 10, for example to an inspection region for screen-printed workpieces and / or to a drying region for screen-printed workpieces. The dimensions of the printing device 20 can be substantially conditioned by the printing screen 16 and / or by a frame mounting and / or suspension for the printing screen 16 and / or limited by a printing table 22.The printing device 20 can have at least one printing table 22 for positioning a workpiece carrier and / or a workpiece below the printing screen 12 and / or below the squeegee device 14, as is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.FIG. 5 shows a partial front view of the doctor device 14 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 4, wherein FIG. 6 shows a sectional illustration of FIG. 5. Finally, FIG. 7 shows an enlarged detail view of a partial region of FIG. 6.In FIG. 8, a front view of the doctor device 14 of FIG. 5 is shown, wherein FIG. 9 shows a side view of the doctor device 14 of FIG. 8. Furthermore, FIG. 10 is a sectional view along the line E-E from FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a partial region of FIG. 10.In addition, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 9, FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. 9, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 9.FIGS. 5 to 11 show the doctoring device 14 of the device 10 for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, as already described at the beginning. It can also be seen from the figures mentioned that the sensor device 18 can have at least two force measurement sensors 24, 26, wherein these can be two force measurement sensors 24, 26 connected in parallel.The force measurement sensors 24, 26 are arranged spaced apart from one another along a longitudinal extent L of the doctor blade tool 16. This makes it possible to detect whether or not the force effect of the doctoring tool 16 on the printing screen 12 and / or on the printing table 22 is uniform.As a result, a layer thickness or a layer application to a workpiece, not shown in more detail here, or to a workpiece carrier, not shown in more detail here, can be maintained reproducibly and also constant over a plurality of printing processes and / or particularly uniformly over the printing layout of a printing screen. In addition, the spatial orientation or orientation of the doctor blade tool 16 can be checked by means of the force measurement sensors 25, 26 by comparing the forces detected by the force measurement sensors 25, 26.Furthermore, the force measurement sensors 24, 26 can be designed for the simultaneous measurement of absolute doctor forces at measurement points spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16. This allows the direct comparison of the detected or measured doctor forces of the force measurement sensors 24, 26 with one another and thus provides a further improved information and data basis for subsequent and / or ongoing printing processes.Alternatively or additionally, the force measurement sensors 24, 26 can be designed to detect relative doctor force deviations at measurement points spaced apart along the longitudinal extension L of the doctoring tool 16. Detected differences or deviations of the doctor force along the longitudinal extension L of the doctoring tool 16 can in this way advantageously be used for the control and / or regulation of subsequent and / or continuous printing processes. It can thus be ensured that the doctoring tool 16 rests on the respective printing screen 12 with a doctoring force or doctoring forces within desired parameters or contacts it.Furthermore, it can be seen from FIGS. 5 to 11 that, in a plan view of the doctor device 14, the force measurement sensors 24, 26 can be arranged above a contact line of the doctor tool 16 and / or can be aligned with a contact line of the doctor tool 16. Thus, unfavourable torques on the doctor device 14 can be reduced and, if appropriate, the measurement result of the force measurement sensors 24, 26 can be improved.In addition, FIGS. 5 to 11 show that the doctor device 14 can have an adjusting device 28 for inclination adjustment of the doctor tool 16. The adjusting device 28 can be configured for inclination adjustment of a tool longitudinal axis running along the longitudinal extension L of the doctoring tool 16 relative to the printing screen 12 and / or relative to a printing table 22 and / or relative to a horizontal plane.Finally, it is possible to design the adjusting device 28 for the inclination adjustment of a doctor blade lower edge relative to the printing screen 12 and / or relative to the printing table 22 and / or relative to a horizontal plane.When adjusting the inclination of the doctor blade 16 and / or of one of the respective doctor blade lower edges, the force distribution with which the doctor blade 16 or the doctor blade lower edge acts on the printing screen 12 or on the printing table 22 along its contact line and along the longitudinal extent L can be adjusted in a suitable manner. Thus, with the aid of the adjusting device 28, a uniform or else intentionally non-uniform force distribution of the doctor device on the printing screen 12 and / or on the printing table 22 can be achieved.In addition, FIGS. 5 to 11 show that the adjusting device 28 can be designed for the inclination adjustment of the doctor blade tool 16 about an inclination axis N. The inclination axis N extends along a squeegee movement direction R and / or at an angle to a vertical plane running through a squeegee lower edge. The embodiment presented makes it possible to carry out an exact alignment between the doctoring tool 16 and the printing screen 12 and / or the printing table 22 along the entire length of the doctoring tool 16. In this way, the doctor force with which the doctoring tool 16 acts on the respective printing screen 12, in particular acts at different points of the printing layout of the printing screen 12, can also be adjusted in a targeted manner.Furthermore, the adjusting device 28 can be configured for the translatory adjusting movement of the doctoring tool 16 along a vertical direction. For the inclination adjustment, the adjustment device 28 can have two adjustment screws 30, 32 for the inclination adjustment. Each of the adjustment screws 30, 32 or at least one of the adjustment screws 30, 32 can be designed as a micrometer screw. This enables fine and exact adjustment of the inclination of the doctoring tool 16 and an exact maintenance of the adjusted inclination of the doctoring tool 16.It can be seen in particular in FIGS. 10 and 11 that the doctor device 14 can have a doctor bearing 34. This permits, together with the adjusting device 28, an inclination adjustment of the doctoring tool 16 about an inclination axis N and / or a translatory adjusting movement of the doctoring tool 16, in particular along a vertical plane.The doctor blade bearing 34 can have a plurality of spring bearings 36, 38, in particular a plurality of leaf spring bearings. Each spring mounting 36, 38 exerts a spring force against the corresponding associated adjusting screw 30, 32. The doctor tool 16 is thus pressed against the adjusting screws 30, 32 via the doctor bearing 34, as a result of which the spatial orientation of the doctor tool 16 is kept defined.Furthermore, FIG. 11 shows that the doctor blade mounting 34 can have two slot guides 40, 42 which are preferably subject to play. In particular, the two fixing devices 44, 46 described in more detail below can be guided with play in the slot guides 40, 42. The doctor blade tool 16 can be moved relative to the adjusting device 28 in predetermined or limited movement paths or in a predetermined range, namely over the length of the respective slot guide 40, 42.FIGS. 10 to 12 show that the doctor device 14 can have two fixing devices 44, 46 for fixing an inclination position of the doctor tool 16 adjusted by the adjusting device 28 and / or for fixing a translatory adjusting position adjusted by the adjusting device 28. The respective fixing device 44, 46 can have a fixing screw 45, 47. Each fixing screw 45, 47 can be guided in an elongated hole guide 40, 42 of the doctor blade mounting 34, in particular can be guided with play.The inclination position of the doctor blade tool 16, which can be set or adjusted in advance with the aid of the adjusting device 28, can be fixed by means of the fixing devices 44, 46 or by means of the fixing screw 45, 47. Furthermore, it is possible for the fixing devices 44, 46 or the fixing screws 44, 46 to fix this relative position reliably, for example after the inclination position or the spatial orientation of the doctor blade tool 16 relative to the printing screen 12 or relative to the printing table 22 has been adjusted by means of the adjusting device 28.It can also be seen from FIGS. 10 to 12 that the doctor device 14 can have an adjustment holder 48 and a supporting structure 50 coupled to the adjustment holder 48. In this case, a doctor blade tool 16 can be arranged on the supporting structure 50, as is shown for example in FIGS. 5 and 6 and is described in the following.The elongated hole guides 40, 42 can furthermore be provided on the supporting structure. The fixing screws 45, 47 can be passed through the slot guides 40, 42 in the supporting structure 50 and screwed and fixed in threaded bores of the adjustment holder 48 or can be fixed by screwing into the adjustment holder 48.The elongated hole guides 40, 42 can therefore allow a movement of the squeegee tool 16 fastened to the supporting structure 50 relative to the adjustment holder 48, so that as a result the relative position between the squeegee tool 16 and the printing screen 12 or the respective printing table 22 can be adjusted. In this case, the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder 48 and the supporting structure 50 can be changed via the adjustment device 28. In particular, by using the adjustment device 28, the inclination of the support structure 50 and thus also of the doctor blade tool 16 about the inclination axis N relative to the adjustment holder 48 can be changed or adjusted.FIGS. 10 to 12 also show that the doctor blade mounting 34 is formed between the adjustment holder 48 and the supporting structure 50, and that the fixing devices 44, 46 or the fixing screws 45, 47 can be formed for fixing the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder 48 and the supporting structure 50.The adjustment device 28 or the adjustment screws 30, 32 of the adjustment device 28 can be fixedly arranged on the adjustment holder 48 and at the same time can be in operative contact with the supporting structure 50 and / or can be brought into operative contact with the supporting structure 50. In addition, the adjusting device 28 or the adjusting screws 30, 32 and the adjusting device 28 can be configured to generate a relative movement between the adjusting holder 48 and the supporting structure 50. The squeegee tool 16 can thus be adjusted or positioned in its spatial orientation in a suitable manner.For an adjustment via the adjustment device 28, the fixing screws 45, 47 can first be loosened, so that a relative movement is enabled between the adjustment holder 48 and the support structure 50. Subsequently, the respective desired adjustment or spatial alignment can be carried out via the adjustment screws 30, 32 of the adjustment device 28, before the adjusted relative position between the adjustment holder 48 and the supporting structure 50 is fixed again by the fixing screws 45, 47.Furthermore, FIGS. 10 to 12 show that the spring mountings 36, 38 or the leaf spring mountings can be clamped on the supporting structure 50 and / or can be supported resiliently on the adjusting holder 48 and / or on the supporting structure 50.As is shown in more detail in FIGS. 10 and 11, the spring mountings 36, 38 or the leaf spring mountings can each be arranged within a recess 51 of the supporting structure 50 and / or arranged running along the recess 51 of the supporting structure 50. In this case, the spring bearings 36, 38 or the leaf spring bearings can each be clamped to the supporting structure 50 at one end of the respective recess 51.Furthermore, the spring bearings 36, 38 or the leaf spring bearings can also be supported on bearing pins 53 which are connected to the adjustment holder 48 and / or project relative to the adjustment holder 48. In particular, the bearing pins 53 can be connected to the adjustment holder 48 and project as far as into the recess 51 of the supporting structure, so that a support of spring bearings 36, 38 or the leaf spring bearings on the bearing pins 53 is made possible.Each of the spring bearings 36, 38 can generate a prestress of the supporting structure 50 against the adjustment holder 48 and / or against the adjustment device 28 arranged on the adjustment holder 48. This prestress can specify a spatial orientation of the doctoring tool 16 which is arranged on the supporting structure 50, namely even when the fixing screws 45, 47 are loosened.Furthermore, it is shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 that the doctor device 14 can have a fastening system 52 for fastening and / or for clamping the doctor tool 16. The fastening system 52 is preferably designed as a clamping system and / or clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system. The aforementioned systems serve for uncomplicated, simple and / or rapid change and for a correct arrangement of the doctoring tool 16.According to the aforementioned figures, the fastening system 52 can be actuatable without tools or by a plurality of toggle screws 54, 56, in particular for clamping and / or clamping and / or releasing a doctoring tool 16.The fastening system 52 may be disposed on the support structure 50 and / or may be formed at least in part by the support structure 50. In this case, the supporting structure 50 can have, for example, an internal thread which can engage in the external thread of a toggle screw 54, 56.As can also be seen from FIGS. 2 to 12, the doctor device 14 can have an adjusting device 66 for moving the doctoring tool 16 between a raised starting position and at least one lowered operating position. In this case, the adjusting device 66 can have a plurality of linear drives 68, 70, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 10 and 11. Thus, the adjusting device 66 can have a plurality of linear drives 68, 70 connected in series. Consequently, the squeegee device 14 can be moved, for example, toward or away from the printing table 22 and / or toward or away from the printing screen 12 by means of the actuating device 66.A linear drive 68 of the adjusting device 66 can be designed as an electrical or electromechanical linear drive and / or as an electrical spindle drive and / or as an electric cylinder and / or as a linear actuator. Furthermore, a linear drive 70 of the adjusting device 66 can be designed as a pneumatic linear drive or linear cylinder. Thus, the adjusting device 66 is capable of performing a linear movement via the linear drive 70 with the aid of pressurized gas. According to FIGS. 10 and 11, the pneumatic linear drive 70 can be arranged in the force flow between the electric or electromechanical linear drive 68 and the doctoring tool 16, as shown for example in FIGS. 6 and 10. Thus, the stroke of the adjusting device 66 can be varied or enlarged or reduced rapidly, for example.Furthermore, FIGS. 5 to 7 show that the sensor device 18 can be arranged in the force flow between the adjusting device 66 and the doctor blade tool 16. In particular, the sensor device 18 can be arranged in the force flow between the actuating device 66 and the doctor blade mounting 34 and / or in the force flow between the actuating device 66 and the adjusting device 28 and / or in the force flow between the actuating device 66 and the adjusting holder 48.It can also be seen from FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 10 that the sensor device 18, in particular the force measurement sensors 24, 26 of the sensor device 18, can be arranged fixedly between the adjustment holder 48 and a sensor holder 84 connected to the adjusting device 66.FIGS. 15 to 17 also show that the device 10 has a doctor blade movement device 72 for moving the doctor blade device 14 and / or the doctor blade tool 16 along a doctor blade movement direction R running in the horizontal direction. In this case, FIG. 15 shows a front view of a squeegee movement device 72 of the apparatus 10 from FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 16 shows a sectional illustration of FIG. 15 and FIG. 17 shows a plan view of the squeegee movement device 72 from FIG. 15.It is thus possible to move the doctoring tool 16 or the doctoring device 14 by means of the doctor moving device 72 along a doctor moving direction R running in the horizontal direction.The squeegee movement device 72 can have at least one linear drive or a plurality of linear drives for moving the squeegee device 14 and / or the squeegee tool 16. The doctor device 14 and / or the doctor tool 16 can therefore be linearly movable back and forth in one direction.Furthermore, FIGS. 15 to 17 show that the squeegee movement device 72 can have a portal system with linear guides 74, 76 and a cross member 78 and supporting devices 80, 82 for supporting the cross member 78 on the linear guides 74, 76. In this case, the linear guides 74, 76 run along the squeegee movement direction R, wherein the cross member 78 can run between the linear guides 74, 76 and transversely to the linear guides 74, 76 in a plan view. It is thus possible to keep the doctoring tool 16 or the doctoring device 14 floating above the printing table 22 and / or floating above the printing screen 12 and to move it linearly. Thus, a safe sequence of successive printing passes can be ensured with the apparatus 10 for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces.In addition, it can be seen from FIGS. 15 to 17 that the doctor device 14 and the adjusting device 66 of the doctor device 14 can be fastened to the cross member 78 of the portal system. Thus, a movement of the cross member 78 thus causes a movement of the doctor device 14 or of the doctor tool 16. Thus, unwanted movements along the cross member 78 can be avoided and an overall robust construction results.The squeegee device 14 can furthermore be designed for printing in a position mode in which a pneumatic linear drive 70 of the actuating device 66 can be retracted and an electrical or electromechanical linear drive 68 of the actuating device 66 can be at least partially extended or lowered. In a position mode, the pneumatic linear drive 70 can therefore be deactivated, whereas the electrical or electromechanical linear drive 68 is in operation. The electric or electromechanical linear drive 68 can be used to approach a specific position with high accuracy.Furthermore, the squeegee device 14 can be designed for printing in a force mode in which a pneumatic linear drive 70 of the actuating device 66 can be partially or completely extended and / or lowered. In addition, in a force mode, an electrical or electromechanical linear drive 68 of the actuating device 66 can be retracted or only at least partially extended or lowered. Likewise, an electrical or electromechanical linear drive 68 of the actuating device 66 can also be fully extended in a force mode. In a power mode, the pneumatic linear drive 70 of the adjusting device 66 can be operated as a gas spring. In the force mode, it is possible for the position of the squeegee unit train 16 to be controlled and / or regulated in a force-based manner. Sudden increases in doctor forces can be advantageously compensated for in a force mode. The pneumatic linear drive 70 of the adjusting device 66 can have, for operation as a gas spring, a proportional valve, not shown in detail here, which can regulate or control the flow rate of the respective gas.FIG. 18 shows a sectional view along the line A-A from FIG. 15 ; FIG. 19 also shows a perspective illustration of a doctoring tool 16 of the doctoring device 14 from FIG. 18.With reference to FIGS. 18 and 19, it can be seen that the doctoring tool 16 can have a doctor blade 58. The doctor blade 58 of the doctoring tool 16 can be manufactured at least in sections from a plastic material and / or from a sheet metal material. Furthermore, the doctoring tool 16 can have a doctor holder 60. In addition, the doctor blade 58 is mounted on the doctor holder 60 of the doctor tool 16 and is clamped in or on the doctor holder 60. Thus, a doctor blade 58 of the doctoring tool 16 can be fixedly arranged on the doctor holder 60.Furthermore, FIG. 19 shows that the doctor tool 16 can have a coupling section 64 formed on the doctor holder 60 and / or connected to the doctor holder 60 for connection to the fastening system 52 and / or for clamping or clamping in the fastening system 52. The doctoring tool 16 can be designed as a replaceable tool. By replacing the doctoring tool 16, the doctor angle β between a doctor side surface 62 and a vertical plane-as shown in FIG. 18-can therefore be changed. Consequently, a squeegee angle between a squeegee side surface 62 and a horizontal plane and / or the printing screen 12 and / or a printing table 22 can also be changed in this way.According to FIG. 18, the squeegee sheet 58 can have two squeegee side surfaces 62 which run between the side edges of the squeegee sheet 58, wherein a squeegee angle β formed between a squeegee side surface 62 and a vertical plane and / or a squeegee angle formed between a squeegee side surface 62 and a horizontal plane and / or between a squeegee side surface 62 and the printing screen 12 and / or between a squeegee side surface 62 and the printing table 22 is specified or defined by the squeegee holder 60. Thus, by the configuration of the squeegee blade 58 or by the configuration of the squeegee holder 60, a possible squeegee angle β can be selected or configured to the effect that the printing screen 12 is flooded in a suitable manner by the respective squeegee blade 58 and / or pressed through the printing screen 12.Finally, FIG. 18 shows that the device 10 can have two doctoring devices 14, 15. In this case, one doctoring device 14 can be designed as a flooding doctoring device and another doctoring device 15 as a printing doctoring device. Likewise, both doctoring devices 14, 15 can be designed as pressure doctoring devices and / or can be operated as pressure doctoring devices. Furthermore, both doctoring devices 14, 15 can be arranged on the doctor moving device 72, in particular on the cross member 78 of the doctor moving device 72. Thus, the doctor device 14 or the doctor devices 14, 15 and the doctor moving device 72 can form a doctoring system. Each of the doctor blades 14, 15 can be designed in accordance with the preceding description or with the above details.The operating mode of an apparatus 10 described above for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system, is explained in more detail below.As is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 10, the apparatus 10 can have a control device 100 for controlling and / or regulating the actuating device 66 and / or the doctor blade movement apparatus 72 and / or the adjusting device 28 and / or for processing and / or for evaluating and / or for storing and / or for comparing sensor data of the sensor device 18. Thus, the control device 100 is thus able to control or regulate or process the aforementioned devices and their data. The control device 100 can be a so-called machine control and / or machine regulation. Such a control device 100 can also be equipped with an operating unit, not shown in detail here, for operation by the operating personnel and / or be connected to such an operating unit.The control device 100 can furthermore be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force when the doctoring tool 16 is acted upon directly by a printing table 22 and / or in a screen-free arrangement via the sensor device 18.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force via the sensor device 18 when the doctor tool 16 acts on a printing screen 12, in an operating position resting with the printing screen 12 on a printing table 22.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force via the sensor device 18 when the squeegee tool 16 acts on a printing screen 12, free of contact between the printing screen 12 and a printing table 22 and / or between the printing screen 12 and a printing substrate and / or between the printing screen 12 and at least one screen printed workpiece.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force by the printing screen 12, in particular in the case of elastic deformation of the printing screen 12, by way of the sensor device 18, when the squeegee tool 16 acts on a printing screen 12 and when a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece are contacted by the printing screen 12 produced by the action of force on the printing screen 12.The control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device 18 during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool 16 carried out by means of the actuating device 66. Thus, the control device 100 is thus able to reliably detect and / or evaluate the increase in doctor forces with the aid of the sensor device 18.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool 16 which takes place exclusively on the printing screen 12 by means of the actuating device 66, in particular free of a contacting of a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece by the printing screen 12, via the sensor device (18).Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device 18 during a lowering movement of the doctor tool 16 effected by means of the actuating device 66 on the printing screen 12, in an operating position resting with the printing screen 12 on a printing table 22.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device 18 during a squeegee force on a printing table 22 and / or on a printing substrate, in particular in a screen-free arrangement, by means of the actuating device 66.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to end a lowering movement by the adjusting device 66 when an increase in doctor force is detected by means of the sensor device 18 during the lowering of the doctor tool 16. Consequently, the control device 100 can serve to end precisely this lowering when a specific or a predetermined doctor force is reached during the lowering of the doctor tool 16. This can serve to conserve the doctoring tool 16 or the doctoring device 14 as well as the printing screen 12 and / or the printing table 22.The control device 100 can furthermore be designed to automatically or partially automatically reference a squeegee height when an increase in squeegee force is detected by means of the sensor device 18 during the lowering of the squeegee tool 16. This can mean that the control device 100 establishes, as a reference, on the basis of an beginning increase in the doctor force or on the basis of the beginning increase in the doctor force during the lowering of the doctor tool 16, a possible doctor height, for example a setpoint height or setpoint position of the doctor tool 16, which can in turn serve as a reference for subsequent processes.Furthermore, it is possible for the control device 100 to be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16 during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool 16 via the sensor device 18 which takes place by means of the setting device 66. Accordingly, the control device 100 can detect, compare and / or evaluate doctor forces along the longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16. As a result, it is possible, for example, with the aid of the control device 100 to promote a uniform force distribution along a longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16, such that the force of the doctoring tool 16 on the printing screen 12 and / or on the printing table 22 and / or on the respective workpieces is constant or constant along the longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16.The control device 100 can also be designed to automatically or partially automatically perform an inclination adjustment by means of the adjustment device 28 in the event of a doctor force deviation detected by means of the sensor device 18 along a longitudinal extension L of the doctor tool 16. In this way, with only a low handling effort, the spatial orientation of the doctoring tool 16 can be adjusted and / or corrected in a targeted manner with the aid of the adjustment device 28 and with the aid of the sensor device 18, such that the respectively desired doctoring force or doctoring force distribution can be adjusted along a longitudinal extent L of the doctoring tool 16 and / or along the entire length of the doctoring tool 16. The automatic or partially automatic setting or inclination adjustment and / or correction can be carried out with little handling effort.In addition, it can be provided that the control device 100 is designed to reference the inclination position of the doctoring tool 16 when detecting a doctor force distribution that is uniform along a longitudinal extension L of the doctoring tool 16 and / or is within a tolerance. Consequently, the control device 100 can use referencing carried out in this way for subsequent printing or squeegee operations by means of the squeegee tool 16. In particular, starting from a referenced inclination position of the doctor blade tool 16, either no further adjustment effort or only a reduced adjustment effort can result, since the desired doctor blade force distribution is already present or can be achieved with a low adjustment effort.In addition, the control device 100 can be designed to fix the inclination position of the doctor blade 16 automatically or partially automatically when detecting a doctor force distribution which is uniform along a longitudinal extent L of the doctor blade 16 and / or is within a tolerance.Consequently, the control device 100 can be configured to activate and / or actuate, for example, at least one fixing device 44, 46 of the doctor device 14 for fixing an inclination position of the doctor tool 16 adjusted by the adjusting device 28 and / or for adjusting a translatory adjustment position adjusted by the adjusting device 28, in such a way that the at least one fixing device 44, 46 locks or fixes an inclination position of the doctor tool 16 or a translatory adjustment position. Because this fixing can be automatic or partially automatic, human operating errors can be at least reduced and any handling complexity can also be kept low.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force and / or a doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction L of the doctoring tool 16 via the sensor device 18 during a movement of the doctoring device 14 taking place by means of the doctoring movement device 72 along a doctoring movement direction R running in the horizontal direction. Thus, during the movement of the doctor blade device 14, the control device 100 can recognize a doctor blade force and / or a doctor blade force deviation in the longitudinal direction L of the doctor blade tool 16 with the aid of the sensor device 18, and the information and / or data obtained therefrom can be incorporated into the further or subsequent process control or be used as influencing parameters for a possible control and / or regulation by the control device 100. This makes it possible to improve printing results during the operation of the doctor device 14.A detection and / or evaluation by the control device 100 described above and also below can be effected in a preferred manner with the application of only force of the doctoring tool 16 on the printing screen 12 and / or with the application of contact, by the printing screen 12, of a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece produced by the application of force of the doctoring tool 16 on the printing screen 12.In a further embodiment, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force change as a function of the squeegee position along the squeegee movement direction R during a movement of the squeegee device 14 taking place by means of the squeegee movement device 72 along a squeegee movement direction R running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device 18. A variation in the doctor force during the displacement or movement of the doctoring tool 16 above the printing screen 12 or the printing table 22 can thus be detected and / or evaluated. The control device can therefore detect and / or evaluate changes in the doctor force as a function of the doctor position above the printing screen 12 or the printing table 22 during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool 14, or during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool 16. The information and / or data obtained in this way can be incorporated into the further or subsequent process control or can be used as influencing parameters for a possible control and / or regulation by the control device 100. Thus, variations in the doctor force during the displacement and / or movement of the doctoring tool 16 above the printing screen 12 or the printing table 22 can be taken into account in a suitable manner and the respective printing results can be improved.The control device 100 can likewise be designed to detect and / or evaluate a change in the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction L of the doctoring tool 16 as a function of the doctor position along the doctor movement direction R during a movement of the doctoring device 14 taking place by means of the doctoring movement device 72 along a doctoring movement direction R running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device 18. Consequently, during the movement of the doctor device 14, the control device 100 can detect and / or evaluate changes in the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction L of the doctor tool 16 as a function of the doctor position with the aid of the sensor device 18. For example, an increase and / or a decrease and / or a constant of the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction L of the doctor tool 16 can be detected in a suitable manner during a doctor movement along a doctor movement direction R running in the horizontal direction. The information and / or data obtained in this way can in turn be incorporated into the further or subsequent process control or be used as influencing parameters for a possible control and / or regulation by the control device 100. The printing results can be further improved as a result.In addition, the control device 100 can be designed to perform a continuous and / or repetitive detection of doctor forces and / or of doctor force deviations in the longitudinal direction L of the doctoring tool 16 during a movement of the doctoring device 14 along the doctoring movement direction R that takes place by means of the doctoring movement device 72 and / or during a screen printing process. Thus, a continuous monitoring of doctor blade forces and / or of doctor blade force deviations during a movement of the doctor blade device 14 can be realized with the aid of the control device 100, and a further improved database for the subsequent process control, further screen printing processes and / or adjustments to the orientation and / or inclination position of the doctor blade tool 16 to be carried out subsequently can be created.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to store and / or evaluate measurement data of continuous and / or recurrent registrations during a movement of the squeegee device 14 along the squeegee movement direction R that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device 72 and / or during a printing operation. Accordingly, the control device 100 can store measurement data for further processing and / or evaluate these. In particular in the case of measurement data from continuous and / or recurrent acquisitions, further findings, such as, for example, the wear of the printing screen 12 and / or of the doctoring tool 16 or of the doctoring device 14, can be determined. Suitable measures for subsequent printing processes can be initiated on the basis of such data in order to improve or maintain the print quality.The control device 100 can also be designed to detect and / or evaluate the course of a squeegee force increase as a function of a lowering path via the sensor device 18 during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool 16, which movement takes place by means of the actuating device 66, in a screen-free arrangement and / or when the squeegee tool 16 is acting directly on a printing table 22 and / or in an arrangement resting on a printing table 22 with the printing screen 12. By means of such a configuration, the force increase or the behavior of the doctoring tool in the course of the increase in the doctoring force can be determined free of influences of a printing screen 12. The findings and information obtained from these can be used in an advantageous manner for setting the inclination position of the doctoring tool 16 and / or for controlling a lowering movement in the presence of a printing screen 12 and / or for printing processes or doctoring movements by means of a doctoring movement device 72.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate the course of a squeegee force increase as a function of a lowering path during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool 16 onto the printing screen 12 which takes place by means of the actuating device 66, without contacting a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or a screen printing workpiece by the printing screen 12, via the sensor device 18.In addition, the control device 100 can be designed to determine a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension of the printing screen 12, in particular a relative screen restoring force and / or a relative screen tension of the printing screen 12, by means of the sensor device 18 and / or from captured and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device 18. With a relatively low screen restoring force and / or screen tension or with only slowly increasing doctor blade forces after contacting the printing screen 12, a conclusion can be drawn as to a high wear of the printing screen 12.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect the beginning of a squeegee force increase during a lowering movement of the squeegee tool 16 carried out by means of the actuating device 66 and / or to define the lowering path of the squeegee tool 16 present at the beginning of the squeegee force increase as a measurement reference starting point for the detection of a further squeegee force increase and / or for the detection of a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension and / or a reference screen restoring force and / or a reference screen tension and / or a screen aging. Thus, by detecting the beginning of the increase in the doctor force, a first contact with the printing screen 12 or with a printing table 22 can be deduced. Such a contact point can be used more advantageously as a measurement reference starting point and a particularly precise reference measurement or also monitoring measurement can be carried out in this way. For example, the position from which the squeegee force increase begins can be set as a measurement reference start point for the detection of a reference screen return force and / or a reference screen voltage and / or set as a measurement reference start point for measurements of the screen return force and / or screen voltage over the life of a printing screen 12.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to further lower the doctoring tool 16 by means of the actuating device 66 starting from the measurement reference start point and to detect a further increase in doctoring force as a function of the lowering path and to determine a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension and / or a reference screen restoring force and / or a reference screen tension and / or a screen aging on the basis of the further increase in doctoring force. Consequently, the control device 100 can determine the screen restoring force and / or screen tension and / or the elasticity of the printing screen 12 on the basis of the measurement reference starting point and upon a further lowering of the actuating device 66 on the basis of the increase in the squeegee force. A detection of the screen restoring force and / or screen tension or the squeegee force increase as a function of the further lowering path, which was carried out starting from the measurement reference starting point in the case of an intact printing screen 12, can serve as reference detection and can be used for later evaluations and / or comparisons with renewed screen restoring force measurements and / or screen tension measurements. During the useful life of the respective pressure screen 12, the ageing of the pressure screen 12 can thereby advantageously be monitored for the wear and tear relationship.In addition, it is possible for the control device 100 to be designed to determine the screen restoring force and / or the screen tension of the printing screen 12 at a plurality of positions along a squeegee movement direction R running in the horizontal direction, in particular in or in the region of a center of the printing screen 12 and / or adjacent to a printing screen edge or to the printing screen edges. Accordingly, the wear of the printing screen 12 can be detected over the entire surface or the entire printing layout of the printing screen 12. Consequently, a plurality of measurement points for the screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen 12 can be determined or used, on the basis of which conclusions can be drawn about the state of the printing screen 12, specifically with respect to the wear of the printing screen 12.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to perform a determination of the screen restoring force and / or the screen tension between printing processes and / or to repeat it periodically and / or to repeat it periodically to determine the screen wear and / or the screen aging. Thus, according to predeterminable or predetermined process sequences, the control device 100 can determine the wire wear or the wire aging. On the basis of the respective result, a minimum printing quality of the device 10 can be ensured with high certainty.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to determine a determination of the screen tension and / or screen restoring force by means of the sensor device 18 and including a jump-off height between the printing screen 12 and a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece and / or including a lowering path of the actuating device 66.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be configured to determine, by means of the sensor device 18 and / or from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device 18, an application force which is effectively transmitted from the doctoring tool 16 via the printing screen 12 to a printing table 22 and / or to a printing base and / or to at least one screen printing workpiece.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to determine the application force from a difference between the doctor force detected by the sensor device 18 and a previously known and / or determined screen return force of the printing screen 12.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to keep the application force constant during the execution of a printing operation.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to carry out a plurality of printing processes with identical application forces and / or to keep deviations of the application forces between a plurality of printing processes below a predefined limit value.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to detect and / or evaluate an application force deviation along a longitudinal extension L of the doctor blade tool 16.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to determine a determination of the application force by means of the sensor device 18 and including a jump height between the printing screen 12 and a printing table 22 and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece and / or including a lowering path of the adjusting device 66.Furthermore, the control device 100 and / or the adjusting device 66 can be designed to hold the doctor blade tool 16 at a fixed height position during the execution of a printing operation. By maintaining a fixed height position, a continuous, constant or uniform printed image can be ensured.Furthermore, a fixed height position can be fixed and / or maintained unchanged during the execution of a printing operation by means of the actuating device 66 and / or the control device 100. In this way, a continuous, constant or uniform printed image can be ensured over the entire print layout of a printing screen 12 with further increased certainty.The control device 100 can also be designed to control and / or regulate the height position of the doctoring tool 16 in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation. A force-based control and / or regulation has the advantage that printing mass can be pressed through the printing screen 12 with a force that is constant along the squeegee direction R or with a constant pressure. This advantageously allows force fluctuations to be compensated for. It can thus be avoided that, for example, an excessively large quantity or also an excessively small quantity of printing compound is locally pressed through the printing screen 12 or that local force or stress peaks occur, as a result of which damage occurs.Furthermore, it can be provided that the control device 100 and / or the adjusting device 66 is designed to hold a defined squeegee force and / or a defined and effective application force during the execution of a printing operation. This has the advantage that a force which remains constant can be exerted with further increased certainty over the entire print layout of the printing screen 12 and a particularly uniform printed image can thus be produced. Fluctuations in the doctor force can thus be compensated in a particularly advantageous manner. This can ensure a particularly high print quality.In addition, it is possible for the control device 100 to be designed to convert measurement data from continuous and / or recurrent registrations of the sensor device 18 into mean values during a movement of the squeegee device 14 along the squeegee movement direction R that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device 72 and / or during a printing operation. With the aid of the conversion and / or storage and / or processing of acquired measurement data into mean values, a suitable database for subsequent control and regulating processes can advantageously be created by the control device 100 and an overall low computational effort is ensured. Intensive computing operations of the control device 100 can be reduced as a result and, on the other hand, a particularly uniform printed image can be further promoted. In addition, storage space for measured values and measured data can be saved in this way.In addition, the control device 100 can be designed to convert measurement data from continuous and / or recurrent detections of individual force measurement sensors 24, 26 into mean values during a movement of the squeegee device 16 along the squeegee movement direction R that takes place by means of the squeegee movement device 72 and / or during a printing operation and / or to store and / or process them. The information quality can be improved by differentiating data of individual force measurement sensors 24, 26. At the same time, the amount of data to be processed can be reduced and the processing, storage and conversion of data or measured values can be accelerated.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen 12 after completion of a printing operation and / or before the beginning of a printing operation. In this way, the control device 100 is able to adjust the printing screen 12 in its spatial orientation to the effect that, for example, a constant pressure of the doctor device 14 or of its doctoring tool 16 can be ensured. The alignment of the printing screen 12 can be adapted to the alignment of the doctoring tool 16 or a control and / or regulation can take place taking into account the alignment of the printing screen 12 and of the doctoring tool 16. A high-quality printed image over the entire print layout of a printing screen 12 can thereby be achieved with further improved security.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen 12 as a function of stored and / or processed measurement data of the sensor device 18 and / or individual force measurement sensors 24, 26 and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen return force and / or application force. Consequently, it is possible to control and / or regulate the spatial orientation of the printing screen 12 by means of the height position, orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen 12 on the basis of measurement data of the sensor device 18. By means of feedback from the sensor device 18, for example, the spatial orientation of the printing screen 12 can be adapted such that a doctor force on the printing screen 12 and over the entire printing layout or the entire surface of the printing screen 12 is constant or-depending on the desired process control or desired process parameters-has deviations.Furthermore, it is possible for the control device 100 to be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen 12 in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation. In this way, the control device 100 is able to flexibly adapt or set the spatial orientation of the printing screen 12 on the basis of measured forces which act, for example, on the squeegee device 14 or on the squeegee tool 16 during a printing or squeegeeing process. The manufacturing accuracy and flexibility can thereby be further improvedIn addition, the control device 100 can be designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen 12 as a function of measurement data of continuous and / or recurring acquisitions of the sensor device 18 and / or individual force measurement sensors 24, 26 and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen restoring force and / or application force during a movement of the squeegee device 14 along the squeegee movement direction R that is carried out by means of the squeegee movement device 72 and / or during a printing operation. By such a configuration of the control device 100, the spatial position and / or orientation of the printing screen 12 can therefore be adjusted and / or controlled and / or regulated on the basis of acquired measurement data of the sensor device 18 during operation of the apparatus 10 or during movement of the squeegee apparatus 14 with the aid of the squeegee movement device 72. The precision of printing can be improved still further in this way.It can furthermore be provided that the control device 100 is designed to set a squeegee force and / or application force by means of the adjusting device 66 as a function of a component height and / or as a function of the number of already printed component layers. The level of a pressure build-up or workpiece that has already taken place and / or the number of layers of already printed component layers can in this way advantageously be used for the further process control or the further control and / or regulation by means of the control device 100. If the already constructed component height has an appreciable influence on the pressure of further printing layers or on the application of printing composition by the printing screen 12, this can be compensated in a suitable manner by setting the doctor force and / or application force by means of the setting device 66.Furthermore, control device 100 can be designed to lower a squeegee force layer by layer and proportionally, starting from a starting squeegee force and / or starting applicator force, up to a boundary layer and / or, when a boundary layer is reached, to maintain the squeegee force and / or applicator force unchanged for the printing of further printing layers. In this way, it can be ensured that screen printing components have substantially constant layer thicknesses along the entire height. The printing precision can be improved even further in this way and the risk of damage to already printed layers can be reduced.Furthermore, the control device 100 can be designed to determine, in particular to determine as line pressure, an application force on the screen print workpieces located below the print screen 12, on the basis of a determined screen return force curve and / or screen tension curve, a determined squeegee blade flexibility, a determined squeegee force over the pressure profile in the squeegee movement direction R, a jump-off height between the print screen 12 and a print table 22 or a component surface and / or a height of the print screen 12. Such a determination can advantageously serve to produce high-quality screen printing components in which a continuous or constant print layer thickness from layer to layer is ensured. Ensuring constant print layer thicknesses can lead to improved component precision.Furthermore, it is possible for the control device 100 to be designed to undertake a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of the application force and / or doctor force and / or the doctor speed along a doctor movement direction R and / or a jump height and / or a screen lift functionality on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device 18 during a screen printing process. The adaptation of the squeegee force and / or the squeegee speed by means of a detected ACTUAL force profile serves to adapt the process parameters for a running printing operation and / or for at least one subsequent printing operation in a suitable manner. The production of high-precision screen printing components can be effected in this way with a further increased security. Any printing layers may have particularly precise thicknesses. In particular, in the case of a detected actual force profile, the respective printing process can be taken into account in real time and, as a result, settings can be carried out by means of which the screen printing component to be produced can be produced with increased precision.It can also be provided that the control device 100 is designed to perform a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of a screen layer alignment and / or screen height alignment on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device 18 during a screen printing process and / or a detected application force and / or screen restoring force and / or screen tension. Thus, during operation or during operation of the apparatus 10, the control device 100 can ensure, for example, an adaptation of the doctor force of the doctoring tool 16 to the printing screen 12 at least in sections or in places by changing the spatial position of the printing screen 12. Thus, manufacturing precision can be increased and inaccuracies of previous printing operations can be compensated. As a result, screen printed workpieces can be produced with further increased accuracy.An apparatus 10 according to the invention for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular a 3D screen-printing system, can have, as described above, a printing screen 12 and a doctoring apparatus 14 for flooding the printing screen 12 with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen 12. The squeegee device 14 can have at least one squeegee tool 16, a sensor device 18 for detecting squeegee forces acting on the squeegee tool 16, and a control device 100 for evaluating and / or storing sensor data of the sensor device 18. The control device 100 can be configured to determine a screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen 12 by means of the sensor device 18 and / or from acquired and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device 18.By determining the screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen 12, it is possible in particular to record screen aging or wear, and the doctor device 14 can be readjusted in accordance with the determined screen restoring force and / or screen tension, in order in particular to compensate for recorded screen aging or wear. The service lives of the components, the production accuracy and also the productivity can be improved as a result.A doctoring device 14, 15 according to the invention, in particular for a device 10 for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, as described above, and / or for a 3D screen printing system, can have at least one doctoring tool 16 for flooding a printing screen 12 with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen 12. In addition, the doctor device 14, 15 can be equipped with a sensor device 18 for detecting doctor forces acting on the doctor tool 16, wherein the sensor device 18 can be designed for detecting a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extension L of the doctor tool 16.In a method according to the invention for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular with an apparatus 10 described above for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, which can be designed in particular as a 3D screen printing system, a printing screen 12 can be flooded with a printing compound by means of a squeegee apparatus 14 and / or printing compound can be pressed through a printing screen 12 by means of a squeegee apparatus 14. Furthermore, a squeegee force acting on a squeegee tool 16 of the squeegee device 14 can be detected by a sensor device 18 by means of a sensor device 18. Finally, a doctor blade force deviation along a longitudinal extension L of the doctor blade tool 16 can be detected by the sensor device 18.The device 10 can be designed and / or set up in a particularly advantageous manner for the development and / or for the production of large numbers of medicaments. Also, a method for producing a large quantity of medicines as described above can be carried out.LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS10 Apparatus 12 Printing screen 14 Squeegee apparatus 15 Squeegee apparatus 16 Squeegee tool 18 Sensor device 20 Printing device 22 Printing table 24 Force measurement sensor 26 Force measurement sensor 28 Adjusting device 30 Adjusting screw 32 Adjusting screw 34 Squeegee mounting 36 Spring mounting 38 Spring mounting 40 Elongated hole guide 42 Elongated hole guide 44 Fixing device 45 Fixing screw 46 Fixing device 47 Fixing screw 48 Adjusting holder 50 Supporting structure 51 Recess 52 Fastening system 53 Bearing pin 54 Toggle screw 56 Toggle screw 58 Squeegee blade 60 Squeegee holder 62 Squeegee side surface 64 Coupling section 66 Adjusting device 68 Electric or electromechanical linear drive 70 Pneumatic linear drive 72 Squeegee movement device 74 Linear guide 76 Linear guide 78 Cross member 80 Supporting device 82 Supporting device 84 Sensor holder L Longitudinal extent N Inclination axis R Squeegee movement directionReferences included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 20 2019 101 066 U1

[0002]

Claims

Device (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular 3D screen-printing equipment, having a printing screen (12) and having a doctor device (14) for flooding the printing screen (12) with a printing compound and / or for pressing printing compound through the printing screen (12), wherein the doctor device (14) has at least one doctor tool (16), an adjusting device (28) for inclination adjustment of the doctor tool (16) and a doctor mounting (34), which permits inclination adjustment of the doctor tool (16) by means of the adjusting device (28) about an inclination axis (N), wherein the doctor mounting (34) has at least one spring mounting (36, 38).Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized bya printing device (20), which has at least the printing screen (12) and / or the doctoring device (14), for the layer-by-layer production of at least one screen-printed workpiece in a plurality of screen-printing processes and / or for the layer application to a workpiece in at least one screen-printing process.Device (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the printing device (20) has at least one printing table (22) for positioning a workpiece carrier and / or a screen-printed workpiece below the printing screen (12) and / or below the doctoring device (14).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (28) is designed for inclination adjustment of a tool longitudinal axis running along the longitudinal extension (L) of the doctoring tool (16) relative to the printing screen (12) and / or relative to a printing table (22) and / or relative to a horizontal plane.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (28) is designed for the inclination adjustment of a doctor blade lower edge relative to the printing screen (12) and / or relative to a printing table (22) and / or relative to a horizontal plane.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (28) is designed for inclination adjustment of the doctoring tool (16) about an inclination axis (N) which extends along a doctor movement direction (R) and / or at an angle to a vertical plane running through a doctor lower edge.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (28) is designed for the translatory adjusting movement of the doctoring tool (16) along a vertical direction.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (28) has at least one adjusting screw (30, 32) or a plurality of adjusting screws (30, 32) for inclination adjustment, wherein the at least one adjusting screw is preferably designed as a micrometer screw.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor blade mounting (34) permits a translatory adjusting movement of the doctor blade tool (16) by means of the adjusting device.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring mounting (36, 38) has at least one leaf spring mounting and / or is designed as a leaf spring mounting.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor bearing arrangement (34) has a plurality of spring bearings (36, 38), in particular a plurality of leaf spring bearings.Device (10) according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the at least one spring mounting (36, 38) exerts a spring force acting against the at least one adjusting screw (30, 32).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor bearing arrangement (34) has at least one slot guide (40, 42), the slot guide (40, 42) preferably being subject to play.Apparatus (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctoring apparatus (14) has at least one fixing device (44, 46) for fixing an inclination position of the doctoring tool (16) adjusted by the adjusting device (28) and / or for fixing a translatory adjusting position adjusted by the adjusting device (28).Device (10) according to claim 14, characterised in that the at least one fixing device (44, 46) has at least one fixing screw (44, 46) or a plurality of fixing screws (44, 46).Device (10) according to claim 15, characterised in that the fixing screw (44, 46) is guided in an elongate hole guide (40, 42) of the doctor blade mounting (34), in particular is guided with play.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor device (14) has an adjustment holder (48) and a supporting structure (50) coupled to the adjustment holder (48), wherein the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder (48) and the supporting structure (50) can be changed via the adjustment device (28).Device (10) according to claim 17, characterised in that the doctor blade mounting (34) is formed between the adjustment holder (48) and the supporting structure (50) and / or that the at least one fixing device (44, 46) is formed for fixing the relative position and / or relative alignment between the adjustment holder (48) and the supporting structure (50).Device (10) according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterised in that the adjusting device (28) and / or the at least one adjusting screw (30, 32) is arranged on the adjusting holder (48) and is in operative contact with the supporting structure (50) and / or can be brought into operative contact with the supporting structure (50) and / or that the adjusting device (28) and / or the at least one adjusting screw (30, 32) is designed to produce a relative movement between the adjusting holder (48) and the supporting structure (50).Device (10) according to one of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the at least one spring mounting (36, 38), in particular the leaf spring mounting, is clamped on the adjustment holder (48) and / or on the supporting structure (50), and / or in that the at least one spring mounting (36, 38), in particular the leaf spring mounting, generates a prestress of the supporting structure (50) against the adjustment holder (48) and / or against the adjustment device (28) arranged on the adjustment holder (48).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor device (14) has a fastening system (52) for fastening and / or for clamping the doctor tool (16), wherein the fastening system (52) is preferably designed as a clamping system and / or clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system and / or as a quick-change clamping system.Device (10) according to claim 21, characterised in that the fastening system (52) can be actuated without tools and / or by at least one toggle screw (54, 56) or by a plurality of toggle screws (54, 56), in particular for clamping and / or for clamping and / or for releasing a doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to either of Claims 21 and 22, characterized in that the fastening system (52) is arranged on the supporting structure (50) and / or is formed at least partially by the supporting structure (50).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor blade (16) has a doctor blade (58) and / or in that a doctor blade (58) of the doctor blade (16) is manufactured at least in sections from a plastic material and / or from a sheet metal material.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctor blade (16) has a doctor holder (60) and / or in that the doctor blade (58) is mounted on a doctor holder (60) of the doctor blade (16) and / or is clamped in or on a doctor holder (60).Device (10) according to Claim 25, characterized in that the doctor blade (58) has at least one doctor side surface (62) which runs between the side edges of the doctor blade (58), wherein a doctor angle formed between the doctor side surface (62) and a horizontal plane and / or between the doctor side surface (62) and the printing screen (12) and / or between the doctor side surface (62) and a printing table (22) is predetermined and / or fixed by the doctor holder (60).Device (10) according to either of Claims 25 and 26, characterized in that the doctoring tool (16) has at least one coupling section (64) which is formed on the doctor holder (60) and / or is connected to the doctor holder (60), for connection to the fastening system (52) and / or for clamping in or clamping in the fastening system (52).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctoring tool (16) is designed as a changing tool and / or in that, by changing the doctoring tool (16), the doctor angle between a doctor side face (62) and a horizontal plane and / or the printing screen (12) and / or a printing table (22) can be changed.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctoring device (14) has a sensor device (18) for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to Claim 29, characterized in that the sensor device (18) is designed to record a doctor blade force deviation along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctor blade tool (16).Device (10) according to Claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the sensor device (18) has at least one force measurement sensor or at least two force measurement sensors (24, 26), in particular two force measurement sensors (24, 26) connected in parallel.Device (10) according to claim 31, characterised in that the force measurement sensors (24, 26) are arranged spaced apart from one another along a longitudinal extension (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of claims 31 or 32, characterised in that the force measurement sensors (24, 26) are designed for the simultaneous measurement of absolute doctor forces at measurement points spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal extension (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the force measurement sensors (24, 26) are designed to record relative doctor force deviations at measurement points spaced apart along the longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 31 to 34, characterized in that, in a plan view of the doctor device (14), the at least one force measurement sensor (24, 26) or the force measurement sensors (24, 26) is / are arranged above a contact line of the doctor tool (16) and / or is aligned with a contact line of the doctor tool (16).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctoring device (14) has an adjusting device (66) for moving the doctoring tool (16) between a raised starting position and at least one lowered operating position.Device (10) according to claim 36, characterised in that the adjusting device (66) has at least one linear drive (68, 70) or a plurality of linear drives (68, 70).Device (10) according to one of claims 36 or 37., characterised in that the adjusting device (66) has a plurality of linear drives (68, 70) connected in series.Device (10) according to claim 38, characterised in that at least one linear drive of the adjusting device (66) is designed as an electrical or electromechanical linear drive (68) and / or as an electrical spindle drive and / or as an electric cylinder and / or as a linear actuator.Device (10) according to one of claims 38 or 39, characterised in that at least one linear drive of the adjusting device (66) is designed as a pneumatic linear drive or linear cylinder (70).Device (10) according to Claims 39 and 40, characterized in that the pneumatic linear drive (70) is arranged in the force flow between the electrical or electromechanical linear drive (68) and the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 41, characterized in that the sensor device (18) is arranged in the force flow between the actuating device (66) and the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 42, characterized in that the sensor device (18) is arranged in the force flow between the actuating device (66) and the doctor blade mounting (34) and / or in the force flow between the actuating device (66) and the adjusting device (28) and / or in the force flow between the actuating device (66) and the adjusting holder (48).Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 43, characterized in that the sensor device (18), in particular the force measurement sensors (24, 26) of the sensor device (18), is arranged fixedly between the adjustment holder (48) and a sensor holder (84) connected to the actuating device (66).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya doctor movement device (72) for moving the doctor device (14) and / or the doctoring tool (16) along a doctor movement direction (R) running in the horizontal direction.Device (10) according to claim 45, characterised in that the doctor blade movement device (72) has at least one linear drive for moving the doctor blade device (14) and / or the doctor blade tool (16).Device (10) according to either of Claims 45 and 46, characterized in that the doctor blade movement device (72) has a portal system with linear guides (74, 76) and / or a cross member (78) and / or supporting devices (80, 82) for supporting the cross member on the linear guides (74, 76).Device (10) according to Claim 47, characterized in that the linear guides (74, 76) run along the doctor movement direction (R) and / or in that the cross member (78) runs between the linear guides (74, 76) and / or transversely to the linear guides (74, 76) in a plan view.Device (10) according to either of Claims 47 and 48, characterized in that the doctor device (14) and / or the actuating device (66) of the doctor device (14) is fastened to the crossmember (78) of the portal system.Device (10) according to one of Claims 47 to 49, characterized in that the doctor device (14) is arranged such that it cannot move along a longitudinal extent (L) of the cross member (78).The device (10) according to any one of claims 47 to 50, characterized in that the at least one linear drive (68, 70) of the squeegee movement device (72) is coupled to the cross member (78) of the portal system.Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bytwo doctoring devices (14, 15), wherein one doctoring device (14) is designed as a flood doctoring device and another doctoring device (15) is designed as a pressure doctoring device and / or wherein both doctoring devices (14, 15) are arranged on the doctor moving device (72), in particular on the cross member (78) of the doctor moving device (72).Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doctoring device (14) or the doctoring devices (14, 15) and the doctor moving device (72) form a doctoring system.Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 53, characterized in that the doctor device (14) is designed for printing in a position mode in which a pneumatic linear drive (70) of the actuating device (66) is retracted and an electrical or electromechanical linear drive (68) of the actuating device (66) is at least partially extended or lowered.Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 54, characterized in that the doctor device (14) is designed for printing in a force mode in which a pneumatic linear drive (70) of the actuating device (66) is partially or completely extended and / or lowered.Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 55, characterized in that, in a force mode, an electrical or electromechanical linear drive (68) of the actuating device (66) is retracted or is only at least partially extended or lowered.Device (10) according to one of Claims 40 to 56, characterized in that, in a power mode, the pneumatic linear drive (70) of the actuating device (66) is operated as a gas spring.Device (10) according to one of Claims 40 to 57, characterized in that the pneumatic linear drive (70) of the actuating device (66) has a proportional valve for operation as a gas spring.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 58, characterized bya control device (100) for controlling and / or regulating the actuating device (66) and / or the doctor blade movement apparatus (72) and / or the adjusting device (28) and / or for processing and / or for evaluation and / or for storage and / or for comparison of sensor data of the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) according to Claim 59, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to record and / or evaluate a doctor force by way of the sensor device (18) directly on a printing table (22) when the doctoring tool (16) is acted upon by a force and / or in a screen-free arrangement.Apparatus (10) according to Claim 59 or 60, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force via the sensor device (18) when the doctoring tool (16) acts on a printing screen (12), in an operating position resting with the printing screen (12) on a printing table (22).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 61, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force by means of the sensor device (18) when the doctoring tool (16) acts on a printing screen (12), free of contact between the printing screen (12) and a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 62, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force by means of the sensor device (18) when the doctor tool (16) acts on a printing screen (12) and when a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece are contacted by the printing screen (12), which is produced by the action of the force on the printing screen (12), in particular when the printing screen (12) is elastically deformed.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 63., characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device (18) during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16) which takes place by means of the actuating device (66).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 64, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device (18) during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16), which movement takes place exclusively on the printing screen (12) by means of the actuating device (66), in particular free of a contacting of a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printing workpiece by the printing screen (12).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 65, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device (18) during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16), which movement takes place by means of the actuating device (66) on the printing screen (12), in an operating position in which it rests with the printing screen (12) on a printing table (22).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 66, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate an increase in doctor force via the sensor device (18) during a squeegee force on a printing table (22) and / or on a printing substrate, in particular in a screen-free arrangement, by means of the actuating device (66).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 67, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to end a lowering movement by the actuating device (66) when an increase in doctor force is detected by means of the sensor device (18) during the lowering of the doctoring tool (16).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 68, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to automatically or partially automatically reference a doctor blade height when an increase in doctor force is detected by means of the sensor device (18) during the lowering of the doctor blade (16).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 69, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force deviation along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16) during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16), which movement takes place by means of the actuating device (66), via the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 70, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to automatically or partially automatically perform an inclination adjustment by means of the adjustment device (28) in the event of a doctor force deviation detected by means of the sensor device (18) along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 711, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to reference the inclination position of the doctoring tool (16) when detecting a doctor force distribution which is uniform along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16) and / or is within a tolerance.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 72, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to fix the inclination position of the doctoring tool (16) automatically or partially automatically when detecting a doctor force distribution which is uniform along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16) and / or is within a tolerance.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 73 characterised in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a doctor force and / or a doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction (L) of the doctor tool (16) during a movement of the doctor device (14), which takes place by means of the doctor movement device (72), along a doctor movement direction (R) running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device (18), in particular when the doctor tool (16) is exclusively acting upon the printing screen (12) by acting upon the doctor tool (16) and / or when a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen printed workpiece is being contacted by the printing screen (12) by acting upon the printing screen (12).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 74, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a squeegee force change as a function of the squeegee position along the squeegee movement direction (R) during a movement of the squeegee apparatus (14), which takes place by means of the squeegee movement device (72), along a squeegee movement direction (R) running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 75, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to detect and / or evaluate a change in the doctor force deviation in the longitudinal direction (L) of the doctoring tool (16) as a function of the doctor position along the doctor movement direction (R) during a movement of the doctoring apparatus (14), which takes place by means of the doctor movement device (72), along a doctor movement direction (R) running in the horizontal direction via the sensor device (18).Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 76, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to perform continuous and / or repetitive recording of doctor forces and / or of doctor force deviations in the longitudinal direction (L) of the doctor tool (16) during a movement of the doctor device (14) along the doctor movement direction (R) which takes place by means of the doctor movement device (72) and / or during a screen printing process.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 77, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to store and / or evaluate measurement data of continuous and / or recurring acquisitions during a movement of the doctoring device (14) along the doctoring movement direction (R) which takes place by means of the doctoring movement device (72) and / or during a printing operation.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 78, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed, during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16), which movement takes place by means of the actuating device (66), in a screen-free arrangement and / or when the doctoring tool (16) is acted upon directly by a pressure table (22) and / or in an arrangement which is supported on a pressure table (22) by the pressure screen (12), to detect and / or evaluate the course of a doctoring force increase as a function of a lowering path via the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 79, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed, during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16) onto the printing screen (12), which movement takes place by means of the actuating device (66), without a contacting of a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or a screen printing workpiece by the printing screen (12), to record and / or evaluate the course of a doctoring force increase as a function of a lowering path via the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 80, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension of the printing screen (12), in particular a relative screen restoring force and / or a relative screen tension of the printing screen (12), by means of the sensor device (18) and / or from captured and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device (18).Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 81, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to record the start of a doctor force increase during a lowering movement of the doctoring tool (16) which takes place by means of the actuating device (66), and / or to define the lowering path of the doctoring tool (16) which is present at the start of the doctor force increase as a measurement reference start point for the recording of a wire restoring force and / or a wire tension and / or a reference wire restoring force and / or a reference wire tension and / or a wire aging.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 82, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed, starting from the measurement reference start point, to further lower the doctoring tool (16) by means of the actuating device (66) and to detect a further increase in doctoring force as a function of the lowering path and, on the basis of the further increase in doctoring force, to determine a screen restoring force and / or a screen tension and / or a reference screen restoring force and / or reference screen tension and / or screen aging.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 83, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine the screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen (12) at a plurality of positions along a squeegee movement direction (R) running in the horizontal direction, in particular in or in the region of a centre of the printing screen (12) and / or adjacent to a printing screen edge or to the printing screen edges.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 84, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to carry out a determination of the screen restoring force and / or screen tension between printing processes and / or to repeat it periodically and / or to repeat it periodically in order to determine screen wear and / or screen aging.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 85, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine a determination of the screen restoring force and / or screen tension by means of the sensor device (18) and by including a jump-off height between the printing screen (12) and a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen-printed workpiece and / or by including a lowering path of the actuating device (66) and / or of the doctoring tool (16) by means of the actuating device (66).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 86, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine, by means of the sensor device (18) and / or from captured and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device (18), an application force which is transmitted effectively by the doctoring tool (16) via the printing screen (12) to a printing table (22) and / or to a printing base and / or to at least one screen-printed workpiece.Apparatus (10) according to Claim 87., characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine the application force from a difference between the doctor force detected by the sensor device (18) and a previously known and / or determined screen return force of the printing screen (12).Device (10) according to either of Claims 87 and 88, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to keep the application force constant during the execution of a printing operation.Device (10) according to one of Claims 87 to 89, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to carry out a plurality of printing processes with identical application forces and / or to keep deviations of the application forces between a plurality of printing processes below a predefined limit value.Device (10) according to one of Claims 87 to 90, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to record and / or evaluate an application force deviation along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Device (10) according to one of Claims 87 to 91, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine the application force by means of the sensor device (18) and including a jump-off height between the printing screen (12) and a printing table (22) and / or a printing base and / or at least one screen-printed workpiece and / or including a lowering path of the actuating device (66).Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 92, characterized in that the control device (100) and / or the actuating device (66) is designed to hold the doctoring tool (16) at a fixed height position during the execution of a printing operation, and / or in that a fixed height position remains fixed and / or unchanged during the execution of a printing operation by means of the actuating device (66) and / or the control device (100).The device (10) according to any one of claims 59 to 93 characterised in that the control device (100) is designed to control and / or regulate the height position of the doctoring tool (16) in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation.Device (10) according to one of Claims 36 to 94, characterized in that the control device (100) and / or the actuating device (66) is designed to hold a fixed doctor force and / or a fixed and effective application force during the execution of a printing operation.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 95, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to convert measurement data from continuous and / or recurring acquisitions of the sensor device (18) into mean values and / or store and / or process them during a movement of the doctor device (14) along the doctor movement direction (R) which takes place by means of the doctor movement device (72) and / or during a printing operation.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 96, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to convert measurement data from continuous and / or recurring acquisitions of individual force measurement sensors (24, 26) into mean values and / or store and / or process them during a movement of the doctor device (16) along the doctor movement direction (R) which takes place by means of the doctor movement device (72) and / or during a printing operation.Apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 97.characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen (12) after completion of a printing operation and / or before the beginning of a printing operation.The device (10) according to any one of claims 59 to 98, characterized in that the control device (100) is configured to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen (12) as a function of stored and / or processed measurement data of the sensor device (18) and / or individual force measurement sensors (24, 26) and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen return force and / or application force.The device (10) according to any one of claims 59 to 99.characterized in that the control device (100) is configured to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen (12) in a force-based manner during the execution of a printing operation.The device (10) according to any one of claims 59 to 100, characterized in that the control device (100) is configured to control and / or regulate the height position and / or orientation and / or inclination position of the printing screen (12) as a function of measurement data of continuous and / or recurrent detections of the sensor device (18) and / or individual force measurement sensors (24, 26) and / or as a function of a determined screen tension and / or screen return force and / or application force during a movement of the squeegee device (14) along the squeegee movement direction (R) effected by means of the squeegee movement device (72) and / or during a printing operation.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 101, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to set a doctoring force and / or application force by means of the setting device (66) as a function of a component height and / or as a function of the number of already printed component layers.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 102, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to lower a doctor force and / or application force in layers and proportionally, starting from a starting doctor force and / or starting application force, up to a boundary layer and / or, when a boundary layer is reached, to maintain the doctor force and / or application force unchanged for the printing of further printing layers.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 103, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to determine, in particular to determine as line pressure, an application force on the screen-printed workpieces located below the printing screen (12) on the basis of a determined screen return force curve and / or screen tension curve, a determined doctor blade flexibility, a determined doctor force over the pressure profile in the doctor movement direction (72), a jump height between printing screen (12) and a printing table (22) or a component surface and / or a height of the printing screen (12).Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 104, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to undertake a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of the application force and / or doctor force and / or the doctor speed along a doctor movement direction (R) and / or a jump height and / or a screen lift functionality on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device (18) during a screen printing operation.Device (10) according to one of Claims 59 to 105, characterized in that the control device (100) is designed to undertake a controlled and / or regulated adaptation of a screen layer alignment and / or screen height alignment on the basis of an actual force profile detected by means of the sensor device (18) during a screen printing operation and / or a detected application force and / or screen tension and / or screen restoring force.Apparatus (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular 3D screen-printing equipment, having a printing screen (12) and having a doctoring apparatus (14) for flooding the printing screen (12) with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen (12), wherein the doctoring apparatus (14) has at least one doctoring tool (16), a sensor device (18) for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool (16) and a control device (100) for evaluating and / or storing sensor data of the sensor device (18), wherein the control device (100) is designed to determine a screen restoring force and / or screen tension of the printing screen (12) by means of the sensor device (18) and / or from detected and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device (18).Apparatus (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular 3D screen-printing equipment, having a printing screen (12) and having a doctoring apparatus (14) for flooding the printing screen (12) with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen (12), wherein the doctoring apparatus (14) has at least one doctoring tool (16), a sensor device (18) for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool (16) and a control device (100) for evaluating and / or storing sensor data of the sensor device (18), wherein the control device (100) is designed to generate an application force by means of the sensor device (18) and / or from detected and / or stored sensor data of the sensor device (18), which is effectively transferred from the doctoring tool (16) via the printing screen (12) to a printing table (22) and / or to a printing base and / or to at least one screen printing workpiece.Device (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces, in particular 3D screen-printing equipment, having a printing screen (12) and having a doctoring device (14) for flooding the printing screen (12) with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through the printing screen (12), wherein the doctoring device (14) has at least one doctoring tool (16) and a sensor device (18) for detecting doctoring forces acting on the doctoring tool (16), and wherein the sensor device (18) is designed to detect a doctoring force deviation along a longitudinal extent (L) of the doctoring tool (16).Squeegee device (14, 15), in particular for a device (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces according to one of the preceding claims and / or for a 3D screen printing installation, having at least one squeegee tool (16) for flooding a printing screen (12) with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen (12), having an adjusting device (28) for inclination adjustment of the squeegee tool (16) and having a squeegee mounting (34) which permits inclination adjustment of the squeegee tool (16) by means of the adjusting device (28) about an inclination axis (N), wherein the squeegee mounting (34) has at least one spring mounting (36, 38).Squeegee device (14, 15), in particular for a device (10) for producing three-dimensional screen-printed workpieces according to one of the preceding claims and / or for a 3D screen printing installation, having at least one squeegee tool (16) for flooding a printing screen (12) with a printing composition and / or for pressing printing composition through a printing screen (12), and having a sensor device (18) for detecting squeegee forces acting on the squeegee tool (16), wherein the sensor device (18) is designed to detect a squeegee force deviation along a longitudinal extent (L) of the squeegee tool (16).

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