Device for generating and storing energy

Abstract

Device (1) for generating and storing energy, comprising a pumped storage power plant (2) with - an upper reservoir (3), - a lower basin (4), wherein the upper basin (3) is arranged at a higher level compared to the lower basin (4), - a pump (5) for pumping process water (6) from the lower reservoir (4) to the upper reservoir (3), - and a turbomachine (7) for generating electrical energy from a flow of the process water (6) from the upper reservoir (3) into the lower reservoir (4), characterized in that a landfill (8) is provided on and / or at which the upper reservoir (3) is at least partially formed.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for generating and storing energy, comprising a pumped storage power plant with an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, wherein the upper reservoir is arranged at a higher level than the lower reservoir, a pump for pumping process water from the lower reservoir into the upper reservoir, and a flow machine for generating electrical energy from a flow of the process water from the upper reservoir into the lower reservoir.

[0002] Pumped-storage power plants are well-known from the state of the art. They typically comprise a lower reservoir and an upper reservoir located above the lower reservoir. During periods of high electricity supply, a pump pumps water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir. During periods of high electricity demand, the process water from the upper reservoir is released back into the lower reservoir, where the process water drives a turbomachine to generate electrical energy.

[0003] Since in power grids with a high proportion of slow-acting nuclear power plants and / or coal-fired power plants, which cannot easily be shut down at night, a high electricity supply mainly at night meets a very low electricity demand, the process water in such grids is usually pumped from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir at night.

[0004] In power grids that rely heavily on renewable energy, particularly photovoltaic power, supply peaks often occur during periods and regions of high solar irradiation. While periods of high solar irradiation often occur around midday to early afternoon, the spatial distribution depends on the specific and current weather conditions in the respective regions.

[0005] A disadvantage of state-of-the-art pumped storage power plants is that they are typically very large, resulting in a low density of pumped storage power plants across the area. As a result, state-of-the-art pumped storage power plants cannot adequately respond to local fluctuations and electricity supply.

[0006] This disadvantageously requires large-scale networks to distribute electricity between regions with different levels of production within a short period of time.

[0007] A further disadvantage of pumped storage power plants known from the state of the art is that their development requires significant intervention in the landscape and in particular in natural habitats, such as biotopes.

[0008] In other words, pumped storage power plants known from the state of the art are too large, form too thin a network and their construction requires too great an intervention in nature.

[0009] The present invention is based on the object of creating a device for generating and storing energy which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling environmentally friendly generation and storage of energy.

[0010] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device having the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0011] The device according to the invention for generating and storing energy comprises a pumped storage power plant with - an upper basin, - a lower basin, with the upper basin being located higher than the lower basin, - a pump for pumping process water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir, - and a flow machine for generating electrical energy from a flow of process water from the upper reservoir into the lower reservoir.

[0012] According to the invention, a landfill is provided on and / or at which the upper reservoir is at least partially formed.

[0013] There are several advantages to using a landfill as an elevation on which the upper reservoir is located.

[0014] On the one hand, there is a dense network of landfills that have already been abandoned and / or will be abandoned in the future. On the other hand, such landfills do not represent a biotope worthy of protection for a certain period after their abandonment, so using the landfill to create the upper reservoir can create a decentralized and environmentally friendly network of pumped-storage power plants. Such a network of pumped-storage power plants would allow for a targeted and specific response to fluctuations in electricity supply in certain regions.

[0015] Preferably, the turbomachine is a turbine.

[0016] In the context of the invention, a landfill is a structural and technical facility for the disposal of waste.

[0017] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the upper basin and the lower basin are designed in such a way that a difference in height between the upper basin and the lower basin is predominantly, preferably completely, caused by a vertical extension of the landfill.

[0018] If the usable elevation difference for the pumped storage power plant is provided predominantly, preferably entirely, by the height of the landfill, impacts on the landscape and nature can be further reduced. In particular, such a design is also feasible in very flat terrain where the landfill itself represents the highest elevation in the surrounding area. Further impacts are therefore unnecessary.

[0019] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the landfill is formed partly or completely from residual materials, in particular construction rubble, soil and / or inert waste, and / or treated, in particular incinerated or rotted, domestic and / or commercial waste and / or industrial waste, and / or waste with a special monitoring requirement.

[0020] The aforementioned waste materials are particularly suitable for landfill development because they exhibit minimal settlement. The upper reservoir formed on and / or adjacent to the landfill is therefore not exposed to any risk of damage from settlement or subsoil movement.

[0021] Preferably, installation is carried out in a qualified and supervised manner in accordance with the applicable regulations.

[0022] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that a power generation device is provided for generating electrical primary energy, by means of which the pump can be operated.

[0023] If the power generation system is also included as part of the system, the energy required to pump the process water up to the upper reservoir can be provided by the system itself. This energy, i.e., the primary energy, thus does not need to be purchased from outside.

[0024] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the power generation device comprises at least one solar system.

[0025] If the device combines a pumped storage power plant with a solar power system, the electricity generated by the solar power system can be used to pump the process water upstream. This is particularly advantageous because the electricity generated by the solar power system can only be sold at unfavorable conditions during peak demand times due to high supply. However, within the device according to the invention, the electricity generated by the solar power system can be stored in the form of potential energy from the process water.

[0026] It is particularly advantageous if the solar system is located near the pumped storage power plant.

[0027] It can be provided that the solar system has a capacity of at least 10 megawatts, preferably at least 20 megawatts.

[0028] In particular, the solar system can be arranged on the sides of the landfill. Alternatively or additionally, the solar system can be arranged within a radius of no more than 2 km from the landfill. This allows for a direct cable connection between the solar system and the pumped storage power plant.

[0029] Furthermore, the power generation device may also comprise other types of power energy sources, such as at least one wind turbine.

[0030] Combinations of power sources, particularly combinations of solar and wind turbines, can also be used as power generation facilities. This can advantageously smooth out the power generation profile.

[0031] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the landfill has at least one groundwater pump for lowering a groundwater level below the landfill, which pump is preferably arranged below the landfill.

[0032] A combination of the pumped storage power plant with the landfill is particularly advantageous if the landfill includes at least one groundwater pump.

[0033] By permanently lowering the groundwater level, the risk of subsidence of the landfill and thus also the risk of damage to the upper reservoir is reduced.

[0034] Furthermore, the groundwater pump benefits particularly from the possibility of local energy generation through the pumped storage power plant.

[0035] In particular, a power failure of an external energy supply for the groundwater pump can be compensated at least temporarily by the energy from the pumped storage power plant.

[0036] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the landfill - at least one seepage water pump and / or - has at least one leachate treatment facility.

[0037] A base seal for the landfill may be provided.

[0038] The leachate pump allows leachate, which is introduced into a landfill that has not yet been sealed at the top, for example by precipitation, to be removed again at a bottom and in particular at the base sealing of the landfill after it has seeped through the landfill.

[0039] The leachate treatment system allows the resulting leachate to be cleaned of pollutants and fed into the water cycle.

[0040] Leachate usually accumulates at the bottom of the landfill as long as the landfill is not closed.

[0041] In particular, a period in which leachate occurs can be at least 8 to 10 years after closure of the landfill body.

[0042] Since both the leachate pump and the leachate treatment system are very energy-intensive to operate and, at the same time, no downtime is to be tolerated for environmental protection and stability reasons, a device that includes a leachate pump and / or a leachate treatment system benefits particularly from the on-site provision of electrical energy made possible by the device.

[0043] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, an interface device can be provided in order to supply electrical energy to and / or receive it from an external power grid.

[0044] The interface device can enable energy flow to or from the device. Thus, the device can serve as an energy storage device during periods of high electricity demand and as an energy source during periods of high electricity demand.

[0045] The device serves to increase the stability of the external power grid by connecting it to the external power grid.

[0046] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that a joint is arranged between the upper reservoir and the landfill, which joint is preferably inclined by at least 6° to the horizontal and / or has a layer of gravel.

[0047] It is particularly advantageous if the upper reservoir is not formed by the landfill itself. Advantageously, a joint can be provided between the upper reservoir and the landfill, separating the two sections of the device. This can, in particular, prevent damage to the upper reservoir due to settlement of the landfill. Furthermore, it can prevent process water from the upper reservoir from seeping into the landfill in the event of leaks and causing settlement of the landfill. Furthermore, such seeped process water could also cause pollutants to be washed out of the landfill, which can be advantageously prevented by the joint.

[0048] If the joint is advantageously inclined at least 6°, preferably at least 8° to the horizontal, the process water can flow to the side of the landfill without seeping into the landfill itself.

[0049] A specific angle of inclination, which preferably lies within the previously described ranges, can also be agreed upon with the relevant approval authority.

[0050] If the joint is alternatively or additionally provided with a layer of gravel, the process water can flow through the gravel in the event of leaks in the upper reservoir with less flow resistance than it would experience if it were to seep into the landfill. This can prevent seepage into the landfill.

[0051] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the upper reservoir has at least one embankment for side boundary and is sealed against the embankment and the landfill, preferably with a plastic sealing membrane, and / or the landfill has a seal to the upper reservoir.

[0052] If the upper reservoir is formed by a bund and sealed against it and the landfill or the joint, preferably with a plastic sealing membrane, both the bund and a basin of the upper reservoir form sections separated from the landfill. If leaks occur near the bund, the process water seeping into the bund cannot reach the landfill because it first encounters the joint. Furthermore, water leakage toward the landfill is prevented.

[0053] Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the landfill is also sealed in the direction of the upper reservoir.

[0054] Ideally, three barriers are created to prevent process water from seeping into the landfill: the sealing of the upper reservoir against the embankment and the landfill, the joint, and the sealing of the landfill towards the upper reservoir or the joint.

[0055] In an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the power generation device and the pumped storage power plant are designed to ensure self-sufficient operation of at least the at least one groundwater pump and / or the at least one seepage water pump and / or the at least one seepage water treatment device.

[0056] Landfills often have so-called perpetual obligations, meaning that the groundwater pump must operate continuously for an indefinite period, perhaps for decades, to prevent groundwater ingress into the landfill. Such groundwater ingress could result in pollutants being washed out of the landfill and / or a legacy landfill into the groundwater if the landfill does not yet have a base seal at its base.

[0057] Such landfill structures benefit particularly from integration into the device according to the invention. If the device is configured for energy-autonomous operation, i.e., the power generation device, the turbomachine, and the pump are sufficiently dimensioned to ensure the continuous operation of any groundwater pump and / or leachate pump and / or leachate treatment device without recourse to external energy sources, the safety of residual waste storage at the landfill is further increased.

[0058] Such energy-self-sufficient solutions can also be referred to as energy island solutions.

[0059] On the one hand, this facility achieves the goal of storing renewable energy regionally. On the other hand, it also provides a landfill site that can minimize the environmental impact of waste disposal through improved ecological balance and operational safety.

[0060] In order to provide the necessary quantity of process water, it may be provided that the process water is obtained at least partially from the pumped out seepage water and / or the pumped out groundwater.

[0061] In particular, it may be provided that the leachate and / or groundwater are cleaned and / or treated before being used as process water.

[0062] Since the landfill, the upper reservoir and / or the lower reservoir have a certain surface area, it can advantageously be provided that the process water is formed partly or completely from surface water introduced into the device, in particular from surface water flowing off the landfill.

[0063] It is particularly advantageous if the lower reservoir is constructed early in the construction process. This allows for the accumulation of process water from the aforementioned sources over a long period of time.

[0064] In particular, the lower reservoir can also be designed to collect runoff surface water, for example, during heavy rainfall events. This allows the accumulating water masses to be intercepted or buffered.

[0065] It is particularly advantageous if more than 90% of the process water, preferably entirely, is provided from the aforementioned sources: seepage water, groundwater and / or surface water.

[0066] This prevents the potentially contaminated water from being released into the environment. It also eliminates the need to extract water from the environment, especially in water-scarce regions. This further improves the device's environmental footprint.

[0067] A method is also disclosed here.

[0068] The disclosed method for generating and storing energy comprises at least the following steps: a) Provision of a landfill and an upper reservoir on and / or at the landfill, b) Provision of a lower basin that is lower than the upper basin, c) generation of renewable primary electrical energy, d) Pumping of process water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir using primary energy, e) Generation of secondary electrical energy from a flow of process water from the upper reservoir to the lower reservoir.

[0069] The disclosed process enables the generation of secondary electrical energy at times of high electricity demand. Because the upper reservoir is located on and / or adjacent to a landfill, which represents an artificial elevation in the landscape formed from undesirable waste, the energy generated by the disclosed process can be provided in a particularly sustainable manner and with minimal impact on existing landscapes and biotopes.

[0070] In an advantageous development of the disclosed method, a step f) can be provided, which comprises the autonomous operation of at least one groundwater pump designed to lower the groundwater level beneath the landfill. Alternatively or additionally, a step g) can be provided, which comprises the autonomous operation of at least one leachate pump and / or at least one leachate treatment device.

[0071] It is particularly advantageous if the energy obtained in the process is used for uninterrupted, energy-self-sufficient environmental protection of the landfill itself by operating at least one groundwater pump and / or at least one leachate pump and / or at least one leachate treatment device.

[0072] In an advantageous development of the disclosed method, it can be provided that excess primary energy generated and / or excess secondary energy generated is fed into an external power grid via an interface device; and / or tertiary energy is taken up from an external power grid via an interface device for pumping up the process water in step d).

[0073] If the disclosed method involves taking energy from or feeding it into an external power grid, a gap between electricity supply and demand in the corresponding external power grid can be utilized or balanced. This further improves the ecological balance of renewable energies, in particular.

[0074] A disposal procedure is also disclosed here.

[0075] In the disclosed disposal method for waste materials, a landfill in the form of a mound is created from the waste materials. Furthermore, an upper reservoir for a pumped-storage power plant is located on the mound.

[0076] The disclosed disposal method has the advantage of improving the environmental impact of waste disposal. By deliberately using the waste to create a hill on which part of an energy storage facility, namely the pumped-storage power plant, is located, the waste is used to prevent environmental impacts elsewhere and simultaneously provide a decentralized energy storage facility.

[0077] Due to the long service life and operating life of pumped-storage power plants, which can last decades or centuries, very large amounts of energy accumulate, which can be stored or produced using the residual materials. For the service life of the pumped-storage power plant, a naturally occurring elevation elsewhere also remains untouched.

[0078] This also improves the environmental impact of the electricity produced and / or stored by the corresponding pumped storage power plant.

[0079] Features described in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention, specifically the device according to the invention, the disclosed method, or the disclosed disposal method, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matters of the invention. Likewise, advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention can also be understood to apply to the other subject matters of the invention.

[0080] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprising," "having," or "with" do not exclude other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which refer to a singular number of steps or features, do not exclude a plurality of features or steps—and vice versa.

[0081] In a purist embodiment of the invention, however, it may also be provided that the features introduced in the invention with the terms "comprising," "having," or "with" are listed exhaustively. Accordingly, one or more lists of features may be considered complete within the scope of the invention, for example, for each claim. The invention may, for example, consist exclusively of the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0082] It should be noted that terms such as “first” or “second” etc. are used primarily for reasons of distinguishing between respective device or process features and are not necessarily intended to indicate that features are mutually dependent or related to one another.

[0083] In the following, embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

[0084] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with one another. Features of one embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further useful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0085] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0086] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention; Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a possible embodiment of a disclosed method; and Fig. 4 a block diagram representation of a possible embodiment of a disclosed disposal method.

[0087] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device 1 for generating and storing energy, which device comprises a pumped storage power plant 2. The pumped storage power plant 2 comprises an upper reservoir 3 and a lower reservoir 4, wherein the upper reservoir 3 is arranged at a higher level than the lower reservoir 4. Furthermore, the pumped storage power plant 2 comprises a pump 5 for pumping process water 6 from the lower reservoir 4 into the upper reservoir 3. Furthermore, a turbomachine 7 is provided for generating electrical energy from a flow of the process water 6 from the upper reservoir 3 into the lower reservoir 4. In the Fig. 1, a landfill 8 is also provided, on and / or at which the upper reservoir 3 is at least partially formed.

[0088] At the Fig. In the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the landfill 8 serves at least partially as the subsurface or substructure for the upper reservoir 3 of the pumped storage power plant 2.

[0089] Preferably, the turbomachine 7 is a turbine.

[0090] According to the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the upper basin 3 and the lower basin 4 are designed or arranged such that a difference in height between the upper basin 3 and the lower basin 4 is predominantly, very preferably completely, caused by a vertical extension of the landfill 8.

[0091] In the Fig. 1, the landfill 8 is further preferably partially or even completely formed from residual materials 8a, in particular construction rubble, soil and / or earth waste and / or treated, in particular incinerated or rotted, domestic waste and / or commercial waste and / or industrial waste and / or waste requiring special monitoring.

[0092] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the device 1 according to the Fig. 1 also provides a power generation device 9 for generating electrical primary energy, by means of which the pump 5 can be operated.

[0093] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the power generation device 9 preferably comprises at least one solar system 10.

[0094] Alternatively or additionally, the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, the power generation device 9 also includes a wind turbine 11.

[0095] As in Fig. 1, it can be provided that the solar system 10 is arranged at and / or on the landfill 8 itself. In particular, sides or flanks of the landfill 8 are suitable for the formation of an open-space solar system 10 if they are suitably oriented, for example to the south. The wind turbine 11 can also, unlike in Fig. 1, be arranged directly on the landfill 8. By arranging the components of the power generation device 9 on the landfill 8 in this way, the area required to form the power generation device 9 can be further reduced, which further increases the ecological balance of the energy produced by the device 1.

[0096] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the landfill 8 includes at least one groundwater pump 12 for lowering a groundwater level beneath the landfill 8. The groundwater pump 12 is preferably arranged directly beneath the landfill 8.

[0097] According to the embodiment according to Fig. 1, the landfill comprises at least one leachate pump 28 for pumping out leachate and / or at least one leachate treatment device 29 for cleaning or treating the leachate.

[0098] In Fig. 1, both the leachate pump 28 and the leachate treatment device 29 are schematically arranged at a base of the landfill 8 or the landfill body. However, the leachate pump 28 and the leachate treatment device 29 can preferably be arranged at different locations.

[0099] The device 1 has in the Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment with the groundwater pump 12, the seepage water pump 28 and the seepage water treatment device 29 accordingly has several consumers which must be continuously supplied with electrical energy in order to prevent the groundwater from penetrating into the landfill 8 or the seepage water from escaping and thus causing environmental damage.

[0100] Preferably, the energy requirements of the groundwater pump 12, the seepage water pump 28 and the seepage water treatment device 29 can be covered by the energy provided by the power generation device 9.

[0101] Because the power generation facility 9 primarily uses renewable energies, such as solar energy and wind power, gaps may occur between the power supply of the power generation facility 9 and the power demand of the groundwater pump 12, the seepage pump 28, and the seepage treatment facility 29. These gaps may be caused, for example, by varying wind and solar intensity throughout the day or year.

[0102] In the device 1, such gaps can be bridged or filled by means of the pumped storage power plant 2.

[0103] However, it may happen that the device 1 has a positive or negative energy balance at certain times.

[0104] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, an interface device 13 is therefore preferably provided in order to supply electrical energy to and / or receive it from an external power grid 14.

[0105] The external power grid 14 is in Fig. 1 symbolized by the representation of a lattice mast.

[0106] The interface device 13 may in particular be a transformer substation for voltages of 110 kV and / or 20 kV.

[0107] It can further be provided that the power generation device 9 has an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage unit (not shown). This allows the device 1 to further contribute to energy storage beyond the pumped storage power plant 2.

[0108] It can be provided that the hydrogen storage device is already formed or incorporated into the landfill 8 during its construction or filling. This can increase environmental safety, since the potentially explosive hydrogen is stored in the landfill 8. Furthermore, coupling it with a hydrogen cycle further improves the ecological balance of the device 1. It can also be provided that the hydrogen thus generated is released outside the device 1 and / or used by means of a fuel cell to produce primary energy.

[0109] According to the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 1, a joint 15 is arranged between the upper reservoir 3 and the landfill 8. The joint 15 will be related to Fig. 2 further elaborated.

[0110] The embodiment according to Fig. 1 further shows an embodiment of the device 1, in which the power generation device 9 and the pumped storage power plant 2 are preferably designed to ensure self-sufficient operation of at least the at least one groundwater pump 12, the at least one seepage water pump 28 and / or the at least one seepage water treatment device 29.

[0111] Preferably, the device 1 is according to Fig. 1 is configured as an energy island in its entirety, so that in the event of a failure of the interface device 13 or the external power grid 14, autonomous operation of the entire device 1 can be maintained without interruption.

[0112] It may be provided that the upper reservoir 3 and / or the lower reservoir 4 have a capacity of at least 150,000 m 3 has.

[0113] The capacity can be, preferably above 150,000 m 3, can be flexibly adapted depending on the location.

[0114] It may be provided that the lower basin 4 is a natural body of water.

[0115] Preferably, the landfill 8 can have a filling height of at least 30 m, preferably at least 40 m, particularly preferably at least 50 m. In particular, it can be provided that a height difference of at least 30 m, preferably at least 40 m, particularly preferably at least 50 m, is formed between the upper reservoir 3 and the lower reservoir 4.

[0116] However, height differences of less than 20 m can be sufficient.

[0117] The height difference can be flexibly adjusted depending on the location, preferably above at least 30 m, preferably at least 40 m, particularly preferably at least 50 m.

[0118] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1.

[0119] Fig. 2 shows a section through an upper region of the device 1.

[0120] In Fig. 2 shows a section of the device 1 in detail, which concerns an upper part of the landfill 8 and a part of the upper basin 3.

[0121] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 2, the joint 15 is inclined by at least 6° to the horizontal. In particular, the joint 15 is preferably inclined between 8° and 20° to the horizontal. At larger angles of inclination, the capacity of the upper reservoir 3 is disadvantageously limited.

[0122] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 2, the joint 15 preferably further comprises a gravel layer 16. The gravel layer 16 may, in particular, comprise pebbles or stones with a grain size of 16 mm to 32 mm, so-called 16 / 32 gravel, and / or with a grain size of 8 mm to 16 mm, so-called 8 / 16 gravel.

[0123] The exact composition of the gravel layer 16 can result in particular from the specific requirements for compactability and in particular for passability by a possible leakage water from the upper reservoir 3.

[0124] The embodiment of the device 1 according to Fig. 2 further provides that the upper reservoir 3 preferably has at least one embankment 17 for side boundary. Furthermore, a capacity of the upper reservoir 3 is preferably sealed against the embankment 17 and the landfill 8. This is particularly preferably done as in the Fig. 2, with a plastic sealing sheet 18.

[0125] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the plastic sealing membrane 18 can be designed, in particular, as a PE-HD sealing membrane. However, the type and design of the plastic sealing membrane 18 can also vary depending on the approval status.

[0126] It may be provided that the plastic sealing sheet 18 is covered with a covering material. This can reduce mechanical stress on the plastic sealing sheet 18.

[0127] Furthermore, UV protection can be provided for the plastic sealing membrane 18. This increases the service life of the plastic sealing membrane 18 by preventing UV damage to the plastic.

[0128] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the wall 17 has a gradient of 1:3 towards the service water 6.

[0129] Furthermore, a path 19 is preferably located on a crown of the wall 17, which can be used for inspecting the wall 17 or the entire upper reservoir 3.

[0130] Furthermore, a drainage ditch 20 is provided along an upper edge of the embankment 17 toward the service water 6. This ditch prevents overflow and flooding of the embankment 17 in the event of a sharp rise in the water level of the upper reservoir 3 by draining the excess water away in a controlled manner.

[0131] In the Fig. In the example shown in Figure 2, the embankment 17 is constructed of stable material as required, in particular stony excavated soil. This prevents the embankment 17 from disintegrating when it becomes completely saturated with water. Other fillings for the embankment 17 may also be provided, depending on the permit or planning requirements.

[0132] Furthermore, in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the landfill 8 preferably has a seal towards the upper reservoir 3. The seal is preferably again designed as a plastic sealing membrane 18. Particularly preferably, the plastic sealing membrane 18 is designed as a PE-HD sealing membrane.

[0133] Furthermore, the landfill 8 has, in a region of an upper edge, an embedment trench 21 surrounding the upper reservoir 3 in the region of one end of the joint 15. This trench, in turn, prevents any leakage water from penetrating the landfill 8. Such water is drained away at the region of the upper edge through the embedment trench 21.

[0134] In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the wall 17 rests on a geotextile layer 22 arranged between the joint 15 and the wall 17. This can be designed in particular as a PE-HD sealing membrane and / or as a PP sealing membrane.

[0135] In particular, a basis weight of preferably ≥ 500 g / m 2 be selected if the geotextile 22 is designed as a protective fleece.

[0136] However, depending on individual planning, the basis weight can also be in the range of 250 g / m 2 up to 1000 g / m 2 lay.

[0137] At one end of the joint 15 are in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, preferably hydraulic armourstones 23 are arranged. These preferably prevent the gravel layer 18 from being washed out of the joint 15 in the event that process water 6 seeps into the joint 15 and flows along the joint 15.

[0138] In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, the landfill 8 has a structure 24 on its flanks, which is arranged on the residual materials 8a, which can also be referred to as landfill material. The exact design of the structure 24 can be specified, for example, by a landfill ordinance.

[0139] Between the structure 24 and the residues 8a or the landfill there is Fig. 2, preferably a geotechnical sealing membrane 25, which can preferably be designed as a bentonite mat.

[0140] In the Fig. In the embodiment of the device 1 shown in Figure 2, the flanks of the landfill have a gradient of preferably 1:3.

[0141] In order to seal against the significantly larger potential water masses in the device 1 compared to conventional landfills 8, which act on the landfill 8 from above, the geotechnical sealing membrane 25 and the plastic sealing membrane 18, which seals the landfill 8 from the upper reservoir 3, are laid in such a way that an overlap 26, preferably of more than 5 m, is formed.

[0142] In the Fig. 2, it is further provided that the corresponding plastic sealing membrane 18 and the geotechnical sealing membrane 25 are connected to one another by means of a weld seam 27.

[0143] This prevents the ingress of even small amounts of water, even in the event of a high volume of pressing or standing water, for example, due to a rupture of the upper reservoir 3. This increases the operational reliability of the pumped storage power plant 2 in the specific situation of its location on a landfill site with residues 8a that is at risk of leaching.

[0144] The Fig. The water level of the operating water 6 shown in Figure 2 preferably represents a maximum water level.

[0145] Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a possible embodiment of the method for generating and storing energy.

[0146] In an upper basin block 30, the landfill 2 and the upper basin 3 are provided on and / or at the landfill 8.

[0147] In a lower basin block 31, the lower basin 4 is provided, which is located lower than the upper basin 3.

[0148] Renewable electrical primary energy is generated in a primary energy block 32. In a pumping block 33, the process water 6 is pumped from the lower reservoir 4 to the upper reservoir 3 using the primary energy.

[0149] In a secondary energy block 34, electrical secondary energy is generated from the flow of the process water 6 from the upper reservoir 3 into the lower reservoir 4.

[0150] Furthermore, the procedure in the Fig. 3, the embodiment preferably also includes a water protection block 35, in which the at least one groundwater pump 12, the at least one seepage water pump 28, and / or the at least one seepage water treatment device 29 are operated independently. The groundwater pump 12 is configured to lower the groundwater level beneath the landfill 8. The seepage water pump 28 and / or the seepage water treatment device 29 are configured to pump or purify the seepage water.

[0151] Within the scope of the primary energy block 32 and / or the secondary energy block 34, it can preferably be provided that excess primary energy and / or excess secondary energy is fed into the external power grid 14 via the interface device 13.

[0152] Alternatively or additionally, within the scope of the pump block 33 and / or the water protection block 35, it can preferably be provided that tertiary energy is taken from the external power grid 14 via the interface device 13.

[0153] The absorbed tertiary energy can be used, in particular, to pump the process water 6 up into the pump block 33. Alternatively or additionally, it can be used to operate the groundwater pump 12, the seepage water pump 28, and / or the seepage water treatment system 29 in the water protection block 35.

[0154] Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a possible embodiment of a disposal method for disposing of the residual materials 8a.

[0155] In a survey block 40, the landfill 8 is formed from the residual materials 8a in the form of a survey.

[0156] In an arrangement block 41, the upper reservoir 3 of the pumped storage power plant 2 is arranged on the elevation. List of reference symbols 1 device 2 pumped storage power plants 3 upper basins 4 lower basins 5 Pump 6 Process water 7 Turbomachine 8 Landfill 9 Power generation facility 10 solar system 11 wind turbines 12 groundwater pump 13 Interface setup 14 external power grid 15 Fugue 16 gravel layer 17 Wall 18 Plastic sealing membrane 19 Way 20 drainage ditch 21 embedment trench 22 Geotextile 23 hydraulic armourstones 24 Structure 25 Geotechnical sealing membrane 26 Overlap 27 Weld seam 28 Leachate pump 29 Leachate treatment plant 30 Upper pelvis block 31 Lower pelvic block 32 primary energy block 33 Pump block 34 Secondary energy block 35 Water protection block 40 survey block 41 Arrangement block

Claims

[1] Device (1) for generating and storing energy, comprising a pumped storage power plant (2) with - an upper basin (3), - a lower basin (4), wherein the upper basin (3) is arranged at a higher level than the lower basin (4), - a pump (5) for pumping up a process water (6) from the lower basin (4) into the upper basin (3), - and a flow machine (7) for generating electrical energy from a flow of the process water (6) from the upper reservoir (3) into the lower reservoir (4), characterized by that a landfill (8) is provided on and / or at which the upper reservoir (3) is at least partially formed. [2] Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the upper basin (3) and the lower basin (4) are designed in such a way that a difference in height between the upper basin (3) and the lower basin (4) is predominantly, preferably completely, caused by a vertical extension of the landfill (8). [3] Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the landfill (8) consists partly or completely of residual materials (8a), in particular - construction rubble, soil and / or inert waste, and / or - treated, in particular incinerated or composted, domestic and / or commercial waste and / or industrial waste, and / or - Waste requiring special monitoring. [4] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that a power generation device (9) is provided for generating electrical primary energy, by means of which the pump (9) can be operated. [5] Device (1) according to claim 4, characterized bythat the power generation device (9) comprises at least one solar system (10). [6] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized by that the landfill (8) has at least one groundwater pump (12) for lowering a groundwater level below the landfill (8), which is preferably arranged below the landfill (8). [7] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterized by that the landfill (8) - at least one seepage water pump (28) and / or - has at least one seepage water treatment device (29). [8] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that an interface device (13) is provided to supply electrical energy to and / or receive it from an external power grid (14). [9] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized bythat a joint (15) is arranged between the upper reservoir (3) and the landfill (8), which preferably - is inclined by at least 6° to the horizontal, and / or - has a gravel layer (16). [10] Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by , that - the upper reservoir (3) has at least one embankment (17) for side boundary and is sealed against the embankment (17) and the landfill (8), preferably with a plastic sealing membrane (18), and / or - the landfill (8) has a seal to the upper reservoir (3). [11] Device (1) according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized by that the power generation device (9) and the pumped storage power plant (2) are designed to ensure self-sufficient operation of at least the at least one groundwater pump (12) and / or the at least one seepage water pump (28) and / or the at least one seepage water treatment device (29).

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