concrete paving stone

Abstract

Concrete paving stone with a top and a bottom and with substantially vertical teeth on each side wall which interlock with teeth of an adjacent concrete paving stone, with at least two layers or with three layers and at least one recess arranged on the bottom which extends from one side wall to the opposite side wall and which runs parallel to the two other side walls, wherein the first layer of constant thickness on the top is formed as a facing concrete and there is subsequently a second water-permeable layer of porous concrete, characterized in that the concrete paving stone (1) increases on at least one side wall (2) after an upper vertical part (3) below the facing concrete (4) in the area of ​​the porous concrete (5) via a slope (7) to a vertical lower side part (8),so that at least one extension (9) is present in the joint.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a concrete paving stone with a top and a bottom and with substantially vertical teeth on each side wall which interlock with teeth of an adjacent concrete paving stone, with at least two layers or with three layers and at least one recess arranged on the bottom and extending from one side wall to the opposite side wall and running parallel to the two other side walls, wherein the first layer of constant thickness on the top is formed as facing concrete and a second water-permeable layer of porous concrete is subsequently present.

[0002] Concrete paving stones have the task of being easy to lay and giving a paved surface high stability, so that the area can be optimally walked and driven on and no damage occurs.

[0003] Another task is to ensure that paved surfaces can optimally store surface water in order to then drain it into the subsoil.

[0004] It is also important that when the concrete paving stones are heated by the sun, an increased release of water vapor into the surroundings can occur, thus optimally cooling them.

[0005] It is known that rectangular paving stones are used for paved surfaces, which have deep teeth and interlocking spaces on their straight side surfaces, interlocking during installation to create a bond.

[0006] The only area that the paving can store surface water is the open joint area, and therefore this capacity is limited.

[0007] There are also concrete paving stones that consist of two layers, with the first layer having a constant thickness on the top as facing concrete and then a second water-permeable layer of porous concrete.

[0008] The water storage capacity during heavy rain is optimal here.

[0009] Evaporation and thus cooling of the outside air occurs here only via the vertical stone outer wall into the joint between the concrete paving stones and then upwards to the outside air.

[0010] Concrete paving stones consisting of three layers are also known.

[0011] Starting from the top, the layers are a facing concrete, then a water-permeable concrete core, and below that, a concrete with increased tensile strength. This concrete should also be water-permeable.

[0012] Surface water now seeps into the ground through the joints between the concrete paving stones.

[0013] Larger quantities of water can then only enter the core concrete via the side surfaces of the paving stones, which proves to be difficult.

[0014] The bottom layer of concrete should be permeable to water, but due to its good tensile strength, it can only allow minimal amounts of water to penetrate into the core concrete from below.

[0015] Concrete paving stones do not offer a significant water storage capacity.

[0016] Especially during heavy rain, surface water can no longer be completely absorbed by the subsoil. Therefore, it is all the more important that water can be stored in the paved surface in order to later channel it into the subsoil.

[0017] Even here, only a small amount of water vapor can be released into the outside air through the vertical stone outer walls and through the joint when exposed to sunlight.

[0018] The applicant describes in DE 20 2024 102 033 U1 a concrete paving stone which also consists of three layers.

[0019] The top layer is also a facing concrete. Below this, a water-permeable concrete is arranged as the core concrete.

[0020] The bottom third layer is intended to be a normal concrete or a fine-grained, solid concrete with capillary action.

[0021] The lower layer is not continuous, but interrupted by at least one recess located on the underside, extending from one side wall to the opposite side wall.

[0022] During heavy rain, surface water that cannot be absorbed by the subsoil can rise into at least one recess and then enter the water-permeable core concrete unhindered.

[0023] This is ideal as a water reservoir during heavy rain.

[0024] Even here, only a small amount of water vapor can be released into the outside air through the vertical stone outer walls and through the joint when exposed to sunlight.

[0025] The invention aims to develop a concrete paving stone that is easy to lay and provides optimal stability to a paved surface. The paving stones should not be damaged even under the heaviest loads on the paved area.

[0026] Another task is to ensure that paved surfaces can optimally store surface water in order to then drain it into the subsoil.

[0027] It is also important that when the concrete paving stones are heated by the sun, an increased release of water vapor into the surroundings can occur, thus optimally cooling them.

[0028] These tasks are solved using the concrete paving stone described in the requirements.

[0029] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0030] They show Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each a concrete paving stone according to the invention in top view, Fig. 3 the section A - A to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 4 seven concrete paving stones laid side by side after Fig. 1 in top view, Fig. 5 two concrete paving stones of the Fig. 1 next to five differently constructed concrete paving stones, Fig. 6 the concrete paving stones of the Fig. 4. After filling the joints, Fig. 7 the concrete paving stones of the Fig. 5 after filling the joints, Fig. 8 the section B - B to Fig. 4, Fig. 9 the section C - C to Fig. 5.

[0031] Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 each shows a concrete paving stone according to the invention in a top view. Fig. 3 is the intersection A - A to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown.

[0032] The concrete paving stone is equipped with a top and a bottom and essentially has vertical teeth on each side wall that interlock with teeth of an adjacent concrete paving stone.

[0033] It consists of at least two layers or is constructed with three layers and at least one recess.

[0034] The recess is located on the underside and extends from one side wall to the opposite side wall, running parallel to the other two side walls.

[0035] In both variants, the first layer with a constant thickness on the top is formed as facing concrete, followed by a second water-permeable layer of porous concrete.

[0036] In the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 can be seen in connection with Fig. 3, that the concrete paving stone (1) increases on at least one side wall (2) after an upper vertical part (3) below the facing concrete (4) in the area of ​​the porous concrete (5) via a slope (7) to a vertical lower side part (8), so that at least one extension (9) into the joint is present.

[0037] The concrete paving stone (1) either has an extension (9) over the entire side length (6) or over part of the side length (6) or that several extensions (9) are present over parts of the side length (6).

[0038] In Fig. 1 The concrete paving stone (1) has three extensions (9) over each part of the side length (6) and in Fig. 2 via two extensions (9) over each part of the side length (6).

[0039] One or more teeth (10) can be arranged on an extension (9).

[0040] It is important that the lateral extent of the extension (9) is greater than the constructively required need for the tooth (10) or teeth (10).

[0041] In Fig. 1 and in Fig. Figure 2 shows that only one tooth (10) lies against an extension (9).

[0042] In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 can be seen that the teeth (10) on the extensions (9) have the same cross-section as the teeth (10) of the other side walls (2) without extensions (9).

[0043] In Fig. 2 can be seen that on the side walls (2) with extensions (9) large teeth (11) may also be present, which extend the same distance from the edge of the paving stone as the teeth (10) on the extensions (9).

[0044] In Fig. Figure 2 shows only one large tooth (11).

[0045] It is also possible that the teeth (10) on the extensions (9) have a lower height than the remaining teeth (10).

[0046] Fig. 4 shows seven concrete paving stones laid side by side. Fig. 1 in top view. It can be seen that concrete paving stones (1) according to the invention are easy to lay.

[0047] It now becomes clear that the teeth (10) on the extensions (9) powerfully engage with the teeth (10) of the side walls without extensions (9).

[0048] This creates a high stability between concrete paving stones (1) and concrete paving stones (1), so that the surface can be optimally walked and driven on and no damage occurs.

[0049] Nevertheless, there is enough free space in the joints so that any surface water that accumulates can penetrate directly and optimally into the subsoil.

[0050] Fig. 5 shows two concrete paving stones (1) of the Fig. 1 next to five concrete paving stones (1b) without extensions (9).

[0051] It can be seen that all concrete paving stones (1, 1b) achieve an optimal interlocking effect.

[0052] It is evident that concrete paving stones (1) with extensions (9) can be laid side by side without problems with concrete paving stones (1b) without extensions (9).

[0053] The recesses (13) on the underside of the concrete paving stone (1, 1b) are shown as dashed lines on a concrete paving stone 1 and another concrete paving stone (1b).

[0054] Fig. 6 shows the concrete paving stones (1) of the Fig. 4 after filling the joints. The narrow butt joints on the narrow sides of the concrete paving stones (1) and the widened joints on the long sides of the concrete paving stones (1) can be seen.

[0055] In Fig. 7 you can see the concrete paving stones (1, 1b) of the Fig. 5 after filling the joints. It becomes clear that paved areas with narrow joints can be combined with paved areas with widened joints.

[0056] Fig. 8 shows the section B - B to Fig. 4.

[0057] It can be seen that the concrete paving stones (1) consist of two layers.

[0058] The first layer, with a constant thickness on the top side, is formed as a facing concrete (4). This is followed by a second water-permeable layer of open-pore concrete (5).

[0059] In Fig. 9 is the section C - C to Fig. 5 to see.

[0060] It can be seen that the concrete paving stones (1, 1b) here consist of three layers.

[0061] The first layer, with a constant thickness on the top, is formed as a facing concrete (4). This is followed by a second water-permeable layer of open-graded concrete (5). The bottom layer is either normal concrete (12), as shown on the left, or a fine-grained, solid concrete with capillary action (14), as shown on the right.

[0062] The recess (13), which is located on the underside, is situated between the base of the concrete paving stone and the dashed line.

[0063] In Fig. 8 and Fig.Figure 9 shows the slope (7) that is present at the extension (9) and that protrudes into the widened joint.

[0064] It is now clear that surface water is directed directly through the joint into the water-permeable layer, so that the concrete paving stone (1) has a very high direct water storage capacity.

[0065] When the concrete paving stone is heated again by solar radiation, temporarily stored water or water from the subsoil can rise directly through the joint as water vapor, resulting in a noticeable cooling of the outside temperature.

[0066] Concrete paving stones according to the invention are laid according to the prior art. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 20 2024 102 033 U1

[0018]

Claims

[1] Concrete paving stone with a top and a bottom and with substantially perpendicular teeth on each side wall interlocking with teeth of an adjacent concrete paving stone, having at least two layers or with three layers and at least one recess arranged on the bottom and extending from one side wall to the opposite side wall and parallel to the other two side walls, wherein the first layer of constant thickness on the top is formed as a facing concrete and there is subsequently a second water-permeable layer of aggregate concrete, characterized by, that the concrete paving stone (1) increases on at least one side wall (2) after an upper vertical part (3) below the facing concrete (4) in the area of ​​the porous concrete (5) via a slope (7) to a vertical lower side part (8), so that at least one extension (9) into the joint is present. [2] Concrete paving stone according to claim 1, characterized by , that the concrete paving stone (1) either has an extension (9) over the entire side length (6) or over part of the side length (6) or that there are several extensions (9) over parts of the side length (6). [3] Concrete paving stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that one or more teeth (10) are arranged on an extension (9). [4] Concrete paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, that the lateral extent of the extension (9) is greater than the constructively required need for the tooth (10) or teeth (10). [5] Concrete paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by , that only one tooth (10) lies against an extension (9). [6] Concrete paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that the teeth (10) on the extensions (9) have the same cross-section as the teeth (10) of the other side walls (2) without extensions (9) and that large teeth (11) may also be present on the side walls (2) with extensions (9), which extend the same distance from the edge of the paving stone as the teeth (10) on the extensions (9). [7] Concrete paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by , that the teeth (10) on the extensions (9) have a lower height than the remaining teeth (10). [8] Concrete paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by , that in a concrete paving stone (1) with three layers, the third layer is located below the water-permeable layer made of porous concrete (5) and consists of normal concrete (12), wherein the third layer is not continuous but divided into sections by the at least one recess (13) located on the underside. [9] Concrete paving stone according to claim 8, characterized by , that the third layer consists of a fine-grained, solid concrete with capillary action (14).

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