Device for forming a profile trench

Abstract

Device for forming a profile trench (1) with a predetermined trench profile (2) for a form-fitting or laterally centered holding of a line (3) in an optionally prepared soil material (4), comprising: - a profile cutting edge (5) with a cutting profile (6) corresponding to the trench profile (2), which is set up to carry out a continuous profile cut along the direction of movement (8) of the device, - a guide arrangement (7) for the continuous removal of the soil material (4) cut out by the profile cutting edge (5) from the profile trench (1), - and a guide element (9) for guiding the device along the soil horizon (10) and along the direction of movement (8) of the device.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the features of the independent claim.For underground laying of lines over long distances-for example over 100 kilometers-the use of trains, in particular cable trains, is customary. These are comparatively complex structures in which the lines are generally laid in a trench and are cast in a casting compound, in particular in a liquid floor.Particular technical requirements are imposed in underground installation of electric lines. These are required, for example, to transport electricity from a remote generating location to the consumers, i.e., for example, to an industrial zone. This is of central importance, for example, for the efficient use of energy from renewable sources-for example from wind parks or photovoltaic parks.As in the case of other lines, geographically exact laying must take place. In addition, however, in the case of power lines, uniform removal of the waste heat emanating from the cables must also be ensured. For this reason, the lines for power cables according to the prior art are usually cast in a liquid floor, which, however, involves great technical complexity and thus also high costs.However, in the case of a simple burying of the lines in the ground, neither the exact position nor the uniform removal of the waste heat can be ensured. Rather, the heat transport is determined by the composition and the degree of compaction of the surrounding soil, wherein in particular the degree of compaction in the region below the line cannot be adjusted to a sufficient extent.There is thus a conflict of goals between the construction costs and the technical requirements for underground wiring.It is now the object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to solve this conflict of goals.The proposed device, the associated method and the described arrangement make it possible to lay lines comparatively easily in the ground-while simultaneously satisfying high technical requirements.Disclosed is a device for forming a profile trench having a predefined trench profile for positively locking or laterally positionally centered mounting of a line in an optionally prepared soil material, comprising:a profile cutting edge having a cutting profile corresponding to the trench profile, which is configured to perform a continuous profile cutting along the direction of movement of the device,a guide arrangement for continuously removing the soil material cut out by the profile cutting edge from the profile trench,and / or a guide element for guiding the device along the ground horizon and along the direction of movement of the device.Preferably, two or more profile cutters are provided for forming two or more profile trenches running parallel with a respectively predetermined trench profile.The line can be, for example, an empty pipe and in particular a cable empty pipe. For this purpose, the line can have, for example, a nominal diameter of greater than 100 mm, preferably of greater than 200 mm and particularly preferably a DN280. The nominal diameter is optionally less than 500 mm, in particular less than 300 mm.It is optionally provided that the cutting profile of the profile cutting edge, for forming a substantially semicircular trench profile, is substantially semicircular or has at least one circular arc-shaped section.If necessary, it is provided that at the ends of the cutting profile of the profile cutting edge, a respective cutting section running obliquely outwards is provided for forming a chamfer at the longitudinal edge between the profile trench and the ground horizon. The chamfer can also be designed as a rounding.It is optionally provided that the guide arrangement comprises a lifting surface for lifting the soil material cut out by the profiled cutting edge from the profiled trench, which lifting surface rises rearwardly and upwardly in a wedge-shaped manner relative to the direction of movement of the device from the base of the cutting profile of the profiled cutting edge.It is optionally provided that the guide arrangement comprises at least one sweeping surface for laterally sweeping out the soil material cut out by the profiled cutter next to the profiled trench, which, viewed relative to the direction of movement of the device, runs in a wedge-shaped manner towards the rear and outwards next to the profiled trench.If necessary, it is provided that the lifting surface is arranged behind the profiled blade, as viewed relative to the direction of movement of the device.If necessary, it is provided that the coating surface is arranged behind the lifting surface, as viewed relative to the direction of movement of the device.It is optionally provided that the profile cutting edge, the lifting surface and the brushing surface form a continuous uninterrupted surface which is configured for the continuous removal of the floor material cut off from the profile cutting edge during a continuous movement of the device along the direction of movement.If necessary, it is provided that the guide element is a blade protruding in a straight line in the direction of movement and / or a plate-shaped base body of the device.If necessary, it is provided that a connecting device is provided for connecting the device to a vehicle, such as in particular to a skid steer loader or to another towing vehicle.If necessary, it is provided that the connecting device is designed for coupling with a lifting device for raising and lowering the device.The connecting device is preferably articulated, in particular coupled to the vehicle via slots. This makes it possible to compensate for smaller steering movements of the vehicle, wherein the device nevertheless follows the vehicle.Disclosed is a method for laying a line in an optionally conditioned ground material, comprising the steps of:forming a line with a ground horizon,forming a profile trench having a predetermined trench profile in the ground horizon by the apparatus described,positively or laterally positionally centered mounting of the line by inserting it into the profile trench,pouring over the line held in the profiled trench in a positively or laterally positionally centered manner and the ground horizon with a fill of possibly prepared ground material.If necessary, it is provided that the profile cutting edge carries out a continuous profile cutting along the direction of movement of the device with a cutting profile corresponding to the trench profile.If necessary, it is provided that the guide arrangement continuously removes the soil material cut out by the profiled cutting edge from the profiled trench.If necessary, it is provided that a guide element guides the device along the ground horizon and along the direction of movement of the device.If necessary, it is provided that two or more profile trenches running parallel are formed simultaneously with the device.It is optionally provided that a substantially semicircular trench profile is formed, the inner diameter of which substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the line.If necessary, it is provided that a trench is excavated to form the route and the ground horizon and the ground horizon is formed on or above the ground of the trench.If necessary, it is provided that the guidance of the route and the ground horizon is formed via a GPS-controlled working device.If necessary, it is provided that the soil material excavated during the formation of the line is used as the soil material.If necessary, it is provided that a soil material excavated during the formation of the line but additionally processed is used as the soil material.It is optionally provided that a non-localized soil material is used as the soil material.It is optionally provided that material having one, more or all of the following properties is used as the floor material:- mixed-grain soilwith fine grain fractions from 5% to 40%- 80% smaller than 8 mm,- max. 20% 8 mm to 16 mm of largest size grainminimum degree of compaction of the pre-compaction of at least 93% of the precursor.Disclosed is an arrangement of a conduit in an optionally conditioned soil material comprising:a line having a ground horizon,a profile trench having a predetermined trench profile in the ground horizon produced using the device and / or by the method,a line held positively in the profile trench,a spillover of possibly prepared soil material, by means of which the line held positively in the profiled trench and the soil horizon are spillover.It is optionally provided that two or more profile trenches running parallel are provided.If necessary, it is provided that a substantially semicircular trench profile is provided, the inner diameter of which substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the line.It is optionally provided that the route comprises a trench and a ground horizon arranged on or above the ground of the trench.If necessary, it is provided that the guidance of the line and the ground horizon is GPS-controlled and preferably manufactured with an accuracy of 2 cm to 3 cm in height and 2 cm in position.In the method described, a profile trench is formed. This profile trench can extend over several kilometers, in particular over more than 10 km or over several 100 km.The profile trench is shaped and dimensioned such that the line can be held therein in a form-fitting manner. In particular, the trench profile corresponds to a portion of the profile of the line. If, for example, a line with a circular cross section is laid, the trench profile of the profile trench can be substantially a semicircle."Substantially" in this context means that, for example, the longitudinal edge between the profile trench and the ground horizon is provided with a chamfer, such that the edge does not break off and no ground material falls into the profile trench."Substantially" also means here that the trench profile can have a certain excess with respect to the line, so that the line can be inserted into the profile trench. However, the tolerance should preferably be dimensioned so small that the line lies flat against the profile trench, preferably along the entire trench profile. This is advantageous in particular when the waste heat is to be transported away via the floor material.If the line is inserted into the profile trench, it should preferably be held therein in a form-fitting manner. In this context, "positively" is understood to mean that the line is not movable transversely to its longitudinal extent or laterally, but rather is positionally centered. This helps, for example, to keep the line in its position when it is provided with a spillover.Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the line is flooded when it is arranged in the profile trench. The superblend can be compressed in a further sequence.In all embodiments, it is preferably provided that the soil material into which the profile trench is cut is a pre-compressed soil.As a result of the pre-compaction of the soil and the compaction of the overfilling, the completely laid line is surrounded by compacted soil material on all sides. As a result, for example, a fixed mounting, but also possibly a uniform removal of waste heat, can be ensured.The device preferably comprises a base body which is of plate-shaped design or has at least one plate-shaped underside. The base body can serve, for example, as a guide element. The base body can preferably also serve to connect a plurality of profile blades to one another.Preferably, the line is an empty piping in which, for example, a power cable can be laid. Optionally, the conduit is a pipeline, water conduit or channel.The invention is described further below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and on the basis of the figures. FIG. 1 shows a schematic oblique view of an apparatus during the execution of the method. FIG. 2 shows the same schematic view as FIG. 1, but viewed against the direction of movement. FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a device produced.Unless otherwise indicated, the reference symbols correspond to the following components: profile trench 1, trench profile 2, line 3, ground material 4, profile cutting edge 5, cutting profile 6, guide arrangement 7, direction of movement 8, guide element 9, ground horizon 10, cutting section 11, chamfer 12, lifting surface 13, brushing surface 14, blade 15, plate-shaped base body 16, connecting device 17, line 18, spillover 19, inner diameter (of the trench profile) 20, outer diameter (of the line) 21, trench 22.FIG. 1 shows a schematic oblique view of an apparatus during the execution of the method and during steps for forming an arrangement. The device is configured to form a profile trench 1. In the present embodiment, the device forms two profile trenches 1 which run parallel to one another.The profile trench 1 has a predefined trench profile 2. In the present embodiment, the trench profile 2 is substantially semicircular. The trench profile 2 is in particular configured such that a line 3 can be inserted into the profile trench 1 and is preferably exactly centered in position or held in a form-fitting manner there.To create the profile trench 1, a ground horizon 10 is formed from the ground material 4 in a first step (not shown). This ground horizon 10 is preferably created in a conventional manner in a GPS-controlled manner by a working device. For improved visibility of the device, the ground horizon 10 or the ground material 4 is hidden in the region in front of the device.The soil material 4 is preferably pre-compressed and, depending on technical requirements, can be either the soil material 4 present or a processed soil material 4. Possibly, non-localized ground material 4 is also supplied and laid to form the ground horizon 10.In order to produce the profile trench 1, the device has a profile cutting edge 5. The profiled cutting edge 5 has a cutting profile 6, the shape of which substantially corresponds to the trench profile 2. The profile cutting edge 5 is used during the movement of the device in a direction of movement 8 to cut the profile trench 1 from the soil material 4.In order to be able to control the depth of the profile trench 1 exactly or to keep it constant, a guide element 9 is provided. In the present embodiment, the guide element 9 is formed by a forwardly projecting tongue 15. In particular, a plurality of such guide elements 9 can be arranged next to one another. The guide element 9 preferably protrudes linearly forwards along the direction of movement 8. The guide element 9 is thereby guided on the ground horizon 10, whereby the device moves exactly along the ground horizon 10.The guide element 9 can be formed, for example, by a plate-shaped base body 16 of the device. In particular, the plate-shaped base body 16 is designed such that it rests on the floor horizon 10 and is pulled onto the latter.For transporting away the soil material 4 cut off by the profiled cutting edge 5 from the profiled trench 1, a guide arrangement 7 is provided.The guide arrangement 7 may comprise a lifting surface 13. The lifting surface 13 extends in the present embodiment obliquely rearward and upward from the base of the cutting profile 6. If the device moves continuously along the direction of movement 8, the soil material 4 continuously separated thereby is conveyed upwards out of the created profile trench 1 via the lifting surface 13.The guide arrangement 7 also comprises a coating surface 14 in this embodiment. The coating surfaces 14 extend obliquely rearward and outward. They are configured to transport the soil material 4 cut off by the profiled cutting edge 5 laterally next to the profiled trench 1. This also preferably takes place continuously during the movement of the device along the movement direction 8.In the present embodiment, the guide arrangement 7 thus comprises a lifting surface 13 for lifting the cut soil material 4 from the profile trench 1 and a spreading surface 14 for conveying the soil material 4 laterally next to the profile trench 1. Such a guide arrangement 7 can be provided for each profiled cutting edge 5.In the present embodiment, the device comprises a connection device 17. In the present embodiment, the connecting device 17 is designed as a coupling triangle.FIG. 2 shows the same device and in particular also the same arrangement as FIG. 1, whereby the components described in FIG. 1 are also present in FIG. 2. The direction of movement 8 extends projectingly in this illustration.The arrangement preferably comprises a line 18 for laying the line 3. the line 18 comprises a trench 22, which in the present embodiment is trapezoidal. This trench 22 can be excavated by excavators, for example. The ground horizon 10 is formed in the trench 22 by the ground material 4, wherein the materials mentioned can be used as the ground material 4, depending on the requirement.The profile cutting edge 5 has a specific cutting profile 6, which forms the trench profile 2 of the profile trench 1.In the present embodiment, the profiled cutting edge 5 has a cutting section 11 which is configured to form a chamfer 12 on the longitudinal edge between the profiled trench and the ground horizon. For this purpose, a respective cutting section 11 running obliquely outwards is provided at the end sections of the profiled cutting edge 5. The chamfer 12 can have any desired shape and can also be a rounding, for example, in all embodiments.The remaining part of the profile cutting edge 5 is adapted to the desired trench profile 2 or to the cross section of the line 3 and is formed in the shape of a circular arc in this embodiment.FIG. 3 shows an arrangement with a profile trench 1, in particular with two profile trenches 1, which was / were preferably produced by the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2.The profile trench 1 is cut into the ground horizon 10. A line 3 is provided in the profile trench 1. The soil material 4 is preferably already pre-compacted when the profile trench 1 is cut in with the device.The profiled trench 1 has an inner diameter 20 which corresponds to the outer diameter 21 of the line. As a result, the inserted line 3 is held in the profiled trench 1 in a position-centered or form-fit manner.Above the ground horizon 10 and the line 3 there is provided a spillover 19. The overfill 19 can be solidified after the introduction.The line 3 is preferably laid in a line 18. the line 18 comprises a trench 22, in which the floor material 4 is arranged.

Claims

Device for forming a profile trench (1) with a predetermined trench profile (2) for positively locking or laterally positionally centered mounting of a line (3) in an optionally prepared soil material (4), comprising: - a profile cutting edge (5) with a cutting profile (6) corresponding to the trench profile (2), which is configured for carrying out a continuous profile cut along the direction of movement (8) of the device, - a guide arrangement (7) for continuously removing the soil material (4) cut out by the profile cutting edge (5) from the profile trench (1), - and a guide element (9) for guiding the device along the soil horizon (10) and along the direction of movement (8) of the device.Device according to claim 1, characterised in that two or more profile cutters (5) are provided for forming two or more profile trenches (1) running parallel with a respectively predetermined trench profile (2).Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the cutting profile (6) of the profiled cutting edge (5), for forming a substantially semicircular trench profile (2), is substantially semicircular or has at least one circular-arc-shaped section.Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a respective cutting section (11) running obliquely outwards is provided at the ends of the cutting profile (6) of the profile cutter (5) for forming a chamfer (12) on the longitudinal edge between the profile trench (1) and the ground horizon (10).Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the guide arrangement (7) comprises a lifting surface (13) for lifting the soil material (4) cut out by the profiled cutter (5) from the profiled trench (1), which lifting surface rises rearwardly and upwardly in a wedge-shaped manner, viewed relative to the direction of movement (8) of the device, from the base of the cutting profile (6) of the profiled cutter (5).Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the guide arrangement (7) comprises at least one sweeping surface (14) for laterally sweeping the soil material (4) cut out by the profiled cutting edge (5) next to the profiled trench (1), which, as viewed relative to the direction of movement (8) of the device, runs in a wedge-shaped manner towards the rear and outwards next to the profiled trench (1).Device according to claim 6, characterised in that - the lifting surface (13) is arranged behind the profiled cutting edge (5) as viewed relative to the direction of movement (8) of the device, - and that the spreading surface (14) is arranged behind the lifting surface (13) as viewed relative to the direction of movement (8) of the device.Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the profiled cutting edge (5), the lifting surface (13) and the brushing surface (14) form a continuous uninterrupted surface which is configured for the continuous removal of the floor material (4) cut off from the profiled cutting edge (6) during a continuous movement of the device along the direction of movement (8).Device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guide element (9) is a tongue (15) which projects in a straight line in the direction of movement and / or a plate-shaped basic body (16) of the device.Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a connection device (17) is provided for connecting the device to a vehicle, such as in particular to a skid steer loader or to another towing vehicle.

Images