Attachment and arrangement for removing insulation material from building walls

Abstract

Attachment for removing insulation material from building walls, including: - a mounting bracket (01) for mounting on a movable support arm of a carrier device, in particular an excavator; - a milling housing (04) with a milling opening (05) extending parallel to a milling plane, a receiving chamber (07), a sealing ring (06) which is slidably mounted on the milling housing (04) along a central axis (09) running perpendicular to the milling plane, and with a suction nozzle (08) opening into the receiving chamber (07); - an intermediate console (03) extending between the mounting console (01) and the milling housing (04) and supporting the milling housing (04) so ​​that the milling housing (04) can pivot multidimensionally relative to the mounting console (01); - a milling tool (10) rotatable in the receiving space (07) of the milling housing (04), which is attached to a drive shaft (09), wherein the milling tool (10) comprises at least one radially extending milling wing (11) on which several milling heads (12) are arranged, which are moved in the milling plane when the milling tool (10) is rotated; - a motor coupled to the drive shaft (09) to set it in rotation.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an attachment particularly suitable for removing insulation material from building walls or similar surfaces. The attachment has a mounting bracket for mounting on a movable support arm of a carrier machine, in particular an excavator or similar construction machinery. Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement for removing insulation material from building walls and for collecting the removed insulation material.

[0002] For many years, increased emphasis has been placed on good thermal insulation during the construction and renovation of buildings, particularly to reduce ongoing energy costs and thus also the environmental impact of heating fuel consumption. Plastics have frequently been used as insulation materials, as they are very lightweight and offer good insulation values. Numerous insulation materials are available for different applications, such as foamed plastics, especially expanded polystyrene (often called Styrofoam), extruded polystyrene, polyurethane (PUR), expanded acrylic copolymer, and similar materials. Natural insulation materials, made from fibers of plant or animal origin, are also available. In certain applications, the insulation materials are either loosely filled into cavities or firmly, and sometimes permanently, bonded to the building components being insulated.For example, polystyrene beads can be mixed into plaster or a composite material to be permanently applied to a building's exterior. Insulation boards made of polystyrene or similar materials, which are glued to the building's walls, are also common. If the thermally insulated building is demolished or the insulation needs to be changed, it is then necessary to remove the insulation materials from the building, especially the corresponding insulation layers from the building's walls. This creates additional problems if small particles of the lightweight insulation material are detached from the composite, as these can then be uncontrollably distributed in the surrounding area and lead to environmental pollution. Furthermore, recycling the insulation materials is made more difficult if they are mixed with, for example, mineral building materials during demolition.

[0003] Excavator-mounted milling attachments are known to be designed as transverse-cutting head milling attachments, equipped with carbide-tipped round-shank chisels as cutting tools. When using this type of milling attachment, it must be pivoted sideways back and forth using the excavator's support arm to break the material between the cutting heads. While this method allows for the demolition of building walls, it does not permit the targeted extraction of insulation materials.

[0004] German patent DE 10 2008 041 982 A1 describes an attachment milling system for mounting on a movable support arm of a carrier device. The attachment milling system comprises a mounting bracket to which rotating cutting heads are attached on both sides of the mounting bracket's longitudinal axis. Furthermore, this attachment milling system includes a circulating milling chain with a running direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mounting bracket and extending between the two cutting heads. Numerous milling cutters are attached to the milling chain and the cutting heads, which, when the cutting heads rotate, describe a cylindrical milling surface.

[0005] From EP 4 368 343 B1, a tool segment for a grinding tool and a grinding machine used for surface finishing of building materials is known. The tool segment comprises a base body with an end face, a back face, and a circumferential region. The end face is equipped with a hard material cutting element. The back face has a mounting element for attachment to the base body of a grinding tool. At least one circumferential side of the circumferential region is also equipped with a hard material cutting element. On this circumferential side, the base body has a raised ridge behind the cutting element in one cutting direction, which serves as a spacer to limit the penetration depth.

[0006] EP 3 713 709 B1 describes a mobile work machine comprising a chassis, a superstructure, and a boom, with an attachment for removing or smoothing material from walls or ceilings mounted on the boom. The attachment has a machining head equipped with a tool for removing or smoothing material. A compensation arrangement is positioned between a mounting unit and the machining head, allowing the machining head to move longitudinally relative to the mounting unit. The compensation arrangement is designed to provide a defined contact force for the machining head towards the surface to be machined within a defined working range, while allowing compensatory movements along the longitudinal axis within the working range of the compensation arrangement.The attachment can be operated independently of control commands from a handling device and can be moved along the surface being processed. This attachment is suitable for grinding hard materials such as concrete, natural stone, plaster, or gypsum. The resulting dust can be mitigated by an integrated dust extraction system. However, this also makes the attachment comparatively complex and expensive, and it requires specific operation. While the dust extraction system can remove small amounts of material, it is not capable of removing large quantities.

[0007] One object of the present invention, starting from EP 3 713 709 B1, is to provide a modified attachment for mounting on a movable support arm of a carrier device, which is simpler and less expensive to manufacture, but at the same time allows the large-volume removal of insulation material from building walls. A further object is to provide an arrangement for removing insulation material from building walls and for the preferably sorted, environmentally friendly separation and collection of the removed insulation material.

[0008] These tasks are solved by an attachment according to the attached claim 1 and an arrangement according to claim 10.

[0009] The attachment according to the invention is configured for removing insulation materials from building walls and collecting them. It comprises a mounting bracket for attachment to a movable support arm of a carrier machine, in particular an excavator. The movement of the attachment along a surface to be processed, i.e., the building wall, is effected by means of the support arm, as is its movement perpendicular to the plane of the building wall. Thus, the attachment requires no drives, bearings, guide elements, or control units for its movement relative to the building wall.

[0010] It should be noted that this attachment is configured in terms of stability, material, and size to remove surface layers from large walls, ceilings, or similar surfaces that consist entirely or partially of insulation materials. The surface layers to be milled off can be single- or multi-layered and can consist of a single material or a mixture of materials. For example, the insulation material to be removed may be bound in mortar or synthetic resin, or it may be in the form of sheets.

[0011] Furthermore, the attachment includes a milling housing with a milling opening that extends parallel to a milling plane. The milling housing is largely enclosed, preventing milled material from escaping uncontrollably as long as the milling plane is closed off at the front by the building wall from which the insulation is being removed. A receiving chamber is integrated within the milling housing to provide a volume for the milled insulation material.

[0012] The milling housing is equipped with a sealing ring that is slidably mounted on the housing along a central axis perpendicular to the milling plane. In the extended position, the outwardly directed end of the sealing ring lies within or projects beyond the milling plane, so that the sealing ring rests against the building wall as soon as a milling operation is performed. In the retracted position, the sealing ring is axially pushed onto the milling housing. This position is reached as soon as the attachment is pressed against the building wall by means of the support arm, causing the milling plane to penetrate the insulation layer to be milled; the sealing ring remains in contact with the unmilled surface and seals the milled area, preventing milled material from escaping.

[0013] The milling housing has at least one extraction port that opens into the receiving chamber. An external suction unit can be connected to this port to extract the insulation material particles that have entered the receiving chamber during the milling process and preferably transfer them to a collection container. The connection to the extraction port is made via a flexible pipe connection, a suction hose, or similar components for transporting the insulation material particles. The suction unit can include filters and separators to release cleaned exhaust air into the environment and, for example, to also allow for the separation of dust particles, moisture, or other components other than the insulation material.

[0014] The attachment has an intermediate bracket that extends between the mounting bracket and the milling housing and supports the milling housing, allowing the milling plane to pivot multidimensionally relative to the mounting bracket. This support can preferably be achieved via a universal joint or a cardan joint. Particularly preferably, two or more dampers and / or spring elements are installed between the milling housing and the mounting bracket, exerting a preload on the milling housing. This type of suspension of the milling housing on the intermediate bracket ensures that the milling plane remains parallel to the building wall, even if the mounting bracket is not moved parallel to the building wall by the support arm of the carrier device.

[0015] A rotatable milling tool, mounted on a drive shaft, is arranged in the receiving chamber of the attachment's milling housing. The milling tool comprises at least one milling wing extending radially from the drive shaft, on which several milling heads are arranged. As the milling tool rotates, the milling heads define the milling plane. During operation, the milling heads remove the insulation material from the building wall layer by layer and initially collect it in the receiving chamber. The unwanted lateral escape of milled insulation material is prevented by the sealing ring against the building wall and the milling housing. The loose insulation material is then extracted via the suction port. The volume of the receiving chamber is adapted to the desired milling speed to provide sufficient buffer space for continuous milling and extraction. It should be noted that, for example...Styrofoam insulation material significantly increases its volume when the individual particles are detached from the building wall or from the base material (plaster, etc.).

[0016] Finally, the attachment has at least one motor coupled to the drive shaft to rotate it. According to a preferred embodiment, the motor is a hydraulic motor supplied with hydraulic oil from the carrier vehicle. Alternatively, an electric motor can be used, or, for higher power requirements, several motors can be combined. In the simplest case, the motor's output shaft can be directly connected to the attachment's drive shaft, or, in alternative embodiments, via a gearbox, a universal joint, or similar transmission and connection elements.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment, the milling tool has two, and particularly preferably three or more, milling wings extending radially outwards from the drive shaft. The milling wings are preferably positioned rotationally symmetrically on the drive shaft to minimize imbalances during rotation of the milling tool. It is important that sufficient clearance remains between the milling wings to allow the milled insulation material to be conveyed into the receiving space extending axially behind the milling tool. Particularly preferably, the milling wings are designed in the manner of a propeller or have the shape of ship propeller blades to facilitate the axial removal of the milled insulation material.

[0018] In a further developed embodiment, the milling tool comprises a central plate attached to the drive shaft, from which the milling wings extend axially outwards. Particularly preferably, the central plate is also equipped with milling heads located in the milling plane, thereby increasing the milling performance.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, at least one, preferably several, adjustable depth limiting elements are arranged between the sealing ring and the milling housing. These depth limiting elements restrict the axial displacement by which the sealing ring can be moved relative to the milling housing. Preferably, the depth limiting elements are equipped with return springs to move the sealing ring toward a first axial end position, which corresponds to the extended state in which the outwardly directed end of the sealing ring lies within or projects beyond the milling plane. The adjustable depth limiting elements define a second, opposing axial end position, which limits the axial displacement of the sealing ring toward the intermediate bracket. A scale is particularly preferred, which, for example, indicates the set second end position in millimeters on the depth limiting elements.The depth limiting elements are preferably set so that the milling tool penetrates the entire layer of the building wall to be milled, but does not penetrate the base substance of the building wall, so that it remains undamaged when the insulation material is milled off.

[0020] A further developed embodiment has a flexible sealing lip at the outwardly facing end of the sealing ring, preferably in the form of a sealing brush. This improves the preferably dust-tight seal of the milling housing against the building wall, so that during milling, at most only a small amount of dust, and in any case no milled-off insulation material, escapes uncontrollably to the outside, thus preventing environmental pollution.

[0021] The arrangement according to the invention for removing insulation material from building walls and collecting the removed insulation material initially comprises an attachment in one of the previously described embodiments. Furthermore, a suction unit is provided which creates a negative pressure and is connected via a flexible pipe connection to the suction port(s) of the attachment. This allows loose, milled insulation material particles, which are conveyed by the milling tool into the receiving chamber of the attachment, to be suctioned off and transferred to an associated collection container.

[0022] Further advantages, details and modifications will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the attachment according to the invention, with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a perspective view of an attachment device according to the invention for removing insulation material from building walls; Fig. 2 a frontal view of the attachment; Fig. 3 a rear view of the attachment with two suction ports; Fig. 4 a side view of the attachment with an axially retracted sealing ring; Fig. 5 a side view of the attachment with a vertically tilted milling housing; Fig. 6 a side view of the attachment with a horizontally tilted milling housing.

[0023] Fig. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an attachment according to the invention for removing insulation material from building walls. The attachment has a mounting bracket 01, which serves to attach the attachment to a movable support arm of a carrier vehicle, in particular an excavator. Such mounting brackets are adapted to the mounting points of the support arm and can, for example, also include quick-change systems for easy and quick attachment to the support arm. These mounting brackets regularly also include couplings for hydraulic connections. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting bracket has a rotation module 02 with which the entire attachment can be pivoted relative to the support arm, the pivot axis preferably being perpendicular to a central axis of the attachment.

[0024] The attachment, flanged to the mounting bracket 01, includes an intermediate bracket 03 which supports a milling housing 04. The intermediate bracket 03 is equipped with four support arms, enabling a gimbal mounting of the milling housing 04, allowing it to pivot in multiple dimensions relative to the mounting bracket.

[0025] The milling housing 04 is preferably barrel-shaped, with a milling opening 05 extending parallel to a milling plane across its entire cross-section. The front section of the milling housing 04, facing away from the mounting bracket 01, is formed by a sealing ring 06, which is axially displaceable relative to the aforementioned central axis, allowing the plane of the milling opening 05 to be shifted parallel to a milling plane. Furthermore, the milling housing 04 defines an internal receiving chamber 07 into which the milled material is initially received. The receiving chamber 07 is open at the milling opening 05 and otherwise largely closed, so that any milled insulation material contained therein can only escape via a suction nozzle 08 opening into the receiving chamber 07 as long as the milling opening 05 is closed by a building wall.

[0026] Fig. Figure 2 shows a frontal view of the attachment. As can be clearly seen, a rotatable milling tool 10 is mounted on a drive shaft 09 in the receiving chamber 07 of the milling housing 04. In the illustrated embodiment, the milling tool 10 has three milling wings 11 extending radially from the drive shaft 09, each of which has several milling heads 12. When the milling tool rotates, the milling heads 12 describe the aforementioned milling plane, which is in contact with the insulation material when milling the building wall. The milling tool has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the milling housing 04 and smaller than the free inner diameter of the sealing ring 06, so that the sealing ring 06 can be moved axially without hindrance relative to the milling tool 10. The drive shaft 09 is coupled to a motor, which in this embodiment is located in the housing of the mounting bracket 01.The sealing ring 06 has a radially outwardly directed support collar 15 at its free end, which provides a wider bearing surface so that, when the attachment is used, the sealing ring 06 does not penetrate the insulation layer but rests against it, while the milling tool 10 penetrates the insulation. For improved sealing, a sealing lip or sealing brush 16 can be attached to the support collar 15.

[0027] Alternatively, a central plate can be mounted centrally to the drive shaft 09, which is also equipped with milling heads and carries the milling wings.

[0028] Fig. Figure 3 shows a rear view of the attachment. It can be seen that the milling housing 04 is closed at the rear and that, in the embodiment shown here, two suction ports 08 open into the receiving chamber 07. During operation, suction hoses or flexible pipes are connected to the suction ports 08 to extract the milled insulation material and feed it into a downstream collection container (not shown).

[0029] Fig. Figure 4 shows a side view of the attachment. The sealing ring 06 has a cylindrical shape and surrounds the outer surface of the milling housing 04. In this illustration, the milling plane defined by the milling heads 12 extends beyond the milling opening 05 of the sealing ring 06. This results from the fact that the sealing ring 06 is axially displaced relative to the milling housing 04, as occurs when the milling tool penetrates the insulation material to be removed, due to a corresponding feed movement of the support arm. To limit the axial displacement of the sealing ring 06, several depth limiting elements 13 are arranged on the circumference of the milling housing 04. These elements also contain springs for automatic return of the sealing ring 06. The depth limiting elements 13 preferably allow stepless limitation of the axial displacement of the sealing ring 06, thus enabling the penetration depth of the milling tool 10 into the insulation layer to be determined.The setting is made easier by a scale 14, on which the depth limit can be read.

[0030] Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows side views of the attachment with a milling housing 04 tilted relative to the mounting bracket 01. Fig. Figure 5 shows a vertical tilt, while Fig.Figure 6 shows a horizontal tilting of the milling housing 04 relative to the mounting bracket 01. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the intermediate bracket 03 has four arms that interact like a universal joint. The milling housing 04 is attached to the front arms of the intermediate bracket via front pivot pins 18, while the front arms are attached to the rear arms of the intermediate bracket 03 via rear pivot pins 19. Thus, the milling housing 04 can be pivoted in two planes without requiring a change in the position of the mounting bracket 01. Damping of this pivoting is achieved by several shock absorbers 20, which extend between the pivot points of the front arms of the intermediate bracket 03 on the milling housing 04 and the mounting bracket 01. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2008 041 982 A1

[0004] EP 4 368 343 B1

[0005] EP 3 713 709 B1 [0006, 0007]

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