CREATING A FORMWORK

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing formwork for a precast concrete component and a system for producing formwork for a precast concrete component.

[0002] It is known to produce precast concrete components or construction sections by arranging a formwork with reinforcement within the formwork and filling the formwork at least partially with concrete. The formwork is used as a "casting mold," and after demoulding, the precast concrete component is available and can be transported to a construction site and installed or installed there.

[0003] It has been shown that in practice, errors or deviations can often occur in the manufacture of precast concrete components, which can lead to rejection.

[0004] CN 214 981 838 U discloses a method for constructing a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment with a ground formwork element, wherein two spirit levels arranged at right angles to each other are used to determine an angular position of the ground formwork element in a first and second direction relative to a plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration.

[0005] The object of the invention is to create an improved method and an improved system, in particular, which enables the dimensional accuracy of the orientation of the outer surfaces of the precast concrete component relative to one another and / or the orientation of individual outer surfaces of the precast concrete component relative to a connecting component, for example, a thermal insulation element, an impact sound insulation element, a thermally isolating fastening element, a shear and heavy-duty dowel, a transport anchor sleeve, an anchor rail, a mesh sleeve, and a punching shear reinforcement. In particular, the inclination of at least one or more of the large surfaces of the precast concrete component relative to the direction perpendicular to the acceleration due to gravity can be optimized.

[0006] The object is achieved according to the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments emerge from the description and the dependent claims.

[0007] The core idea of the present invention is to provide assistance for the correct positioning of the formwork, whereby the reference point is a soil formwork element, which can then be used as a reference point for further formwork elements. An angular position of the soil formwork element is determined in at least one first direction. The angular position in the first direction will indicate and determine a deviation from the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration. Although the precast concrete component is only joined or assembled with another component on the construction site.By taking the inclination of the floor formwork element into account, a reference can be created by means of which the surface of the precast concrete component facing the floor formwork element and / or the surface of the precast concrete component opposite the surface facing the floor formwork element can be aligned in its inclination in at least the first direction. The correct alignment can be taken into account as already set during installation on the construction site or when connecting the precast concrete component to a component on the construction site, so that installation can be simplified and the effort reduced.

[0008] The invention provides a method for producing a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment with a floor formwork element according to claim 1.

[0009] The term "formwork" as used in this description refers to a mold created or to be created from components, into which the concrete is poured to produce the precast concrete component. The formwork or mold typically consists of individual formwork elements, such as a floor formwork element. Several floor formwork elements can be provided, arranged side by side, particularly in one plane. The relative arrangement of the formwork elements creates the casting mold. The formwork elements can be made of wood, plastic, or metal, or a combination of the aforementioned materials. Reinforcement can be placed in the formwork before it is filled with concrete, which can strengthen the finished precast concrete component.

[0010] The term "reinforcement" as used herein refers to a structure, also known as reinforcement, which can typically be made of structural steel, reinforcing steel, rebar, glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid, and / or a combination of the aforementioned materials. The reinforcement can comprise individual, interconnected elements or components.

[0011] For the purposes of this description, the term "precast concrete element" refers to a precast element for use on a construction site. The precast element may have reinforcement extending from the concrete, which can be used to connect the precast element to another element or component on the construction site. For example, the reinforcement extending from the precast element can be arranged in or against the reinforcement of another element, and this area can be filled with concrete.

[0012] The precast concrete component can have two large surfaces which can run essentially parallel to each other and which can be connected to each other by means of circumferential side surfaces.

[0013] For the purposes of this description, the term "formwork environment" encompasses the production area intended for the precast concrete component. This area can be within a factory hall, a precast concrete plant, or the like. The term "formwork environment" can encompass the immediate area intended for the production of the precast concrete component, so that, in particular, the entire formwork as well as an edge area adjacent to the lateral formwork on the outside can be considered the formwork environment.

[0014] The term "device for detecting the formwork environment" encompasses a device that has at least one sensor with which the formwork environment can be detected. Within the meaning of the description, the sensor can be any technical component with which the formwork environment can be detected. In particular, the sensor can be a technical component with which the position of the floor formwork element in space relative to the device for detecting the formwork environment can be determined. According to the invention, the sensor is an optical sensor. According to an unclaimed aspect, the sensor can be an acoustic sensor (sound sensor), a mechanical / tactile sensor, and / or an inductive sensor. More than one sensor or more than one type of sensor can also be provided. If more than one sensor is provided, the sensors can be of different or the same type.Preferably, a sensor can be a combination of the aforementioned sensor configurations, whereby a configuration with two or more types of sensors may be preferred. Different configurations of formwork and / or floor formwork elements can be detected using different sensors and / or a combination of sensor types in one sensor.

[0015] The sensor is an optical sensor. It is therefore possible for the device for detecting the formwork environment to optically detect the floor formwork element or the formwork environment. The sensor may optically scan the floor formwork element or the formwork environment. The scanning can be carried out according to a pattern, for example row by row and / or column, according to the principle of a time-of-flight measurement. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that an optical scanning of the floor formwork element or the formwork environment is carried out by projecting a pattern onto the formwork environment or supports this. A predetermined pattern can be projected onto the floor formwork element or the formwork environment, wherein the projection of the pattern can be detected. The position of the floor formwork element or the formwork environment can be determined from the deviations between the predetermined pattern and the projection.The position of the formwork environment can be determined. For example, an inclination, a curvature, a distance, and the like can be determined from the deviation relative to the position or inclination of the device.

[0016] For the purposes of the description, the term "by means of the device for detecting the formwork environment" in connection with the determination of an angular position encompasses both the configuration in which the device determines the angular position and the device transmits the data or information for determining the angular position. It can be provided that the device for detecting the formwork environment physically comprises a, in particular freely programmable, arithmetic unit (machine or electronic circuit) in a housing, for example in the form of a (micro)processor, (micro)controller, or similar. The angular position can be determined by means of the arithmetic unit.It is also possible for the device for detecting the formwork environment to transmit signals or data to a computing unit that is located outside a housing of the device for detecting the formwork environment and is not part of the device for detecting the formwork environment itself. Said computing unit can be connected to the device for detecting the formwork environment wirelessly or by cable. If a computing unit located outside the device for detecting the formwork environment is described, the computing unit can control the device for detecting the formwork environment, so that the device for detecting the formwork environment does not need to have its own physical control unit in a housing.

[0017] The term "direction of gravitational acceleration" encompasses the direction of the Earth's gravitational field and essentially coincides with the direction of the acceleration due to gravity or the vertical direction. Deviations caused, for example, by the Coriolis force are included within the tolerance range.

[0018] The term "transverse" in the sense of the description is a directional or geometrical indication relative to another direction. The term "transverse" encompasses the right angle, but also deviations from it. The term "transverse" encompasses an angle included with the reference direction in the range of approximately 5° to 175°, preferably between approximately 20° and approximately 160°, more preferably between approximately 35° and approximately 145°, particularly preferably between approximately 50° and approximately 130°, most preferably between approximately 65° and approximately 115°, most preferably between approximately 70° and approximately 110°. Most preferably, the term "transverse" encompasses the inclusion of an angle in the range of 80° and approximately 100°.

[0019] The term "angular position" in the sense of the description includes the indication of a deviation from the parallelism of two directions, lines, rays or planes, whereby the angular position indicates an angle that lies between the two referenced directions, lines, rays or planes.

[0020] If the angular position of an element, in particular the floor formwork element, is used, this can be understood as meaning that an (outer) surface of the element has a corresponding angular position. If opposing surfaces are parallel, the angular position of a surface can correspond to the angular position of the opposite, parallel surface. In particular, for the floor formwork element, a surface facing the large surface of the precast concrete component can be used to determine the angular position.

[0021] According to the invention, the method comprises determining or adjusting an angular position of the device for detecting the formwork environment in at least one second direction, which is different from the first direction, relative to a plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration. Furthermore, the method comprises determining an angular position of the ground formwork element in at least the second direction, wherein a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element in the second direction from the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration is determined by means of the device for detecting the formwork environment and the computing unit. This results in an alignment of the ground formwork element in two directions in order to increase the dimensional stability and accuracy of the precast concrete component to be manufactured.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises determining a target angular position of the floor formwork element using the device for detecting the formwork environment and outputting a confirmation if the determined angular position corresponds to the target angular position. In addition to detecting a deviation, this creates a method that further supports the user creating formwork for a precast concrete component, for example, by only issuing a "positive" confirmation when a determined actual angular position corresponds to a target angular position within tolerances. For example, a deviation of + / - 1°, preferably + / - 0.5°, can still be permitted.

[0023] For the purposes of this description, the term "confirmation" includes visual, acoustic, and mechanical (tactile) confirmation that can be perceived by the user constructing formwork for a precast concrete element. Confirmation can be provided in several of the above-mentioned ways; for example, both visual and acoustic confirmation are possible.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the confirmation can be output on a display device for a user. The confirmation is output on a display device that can be worn by the user. For example, the display device can be designed as a pair of glasses or as a display or monitor-like display device that can be worn in one or more hands. In addition to the confirmation, the display device can also output, for example, the size and direction of the deviation before the target angular position has been reached. In this respect, not only is a confirmation signaled that supports the user, but also assistance on how the floor formwork element must be inclined or tilted to achieve the target angular position.A spectacle-like display device, provided the display is projected onto the lens or similar object, can enable perception of the surroundings in addition to the displayed information, so that the effect on the desired angular position can be detected during correction. Furthermore, a spectacle-like display device can allow the user to hold the display device without being hindered.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises automatically aligning the angular position of the floor formwork element by means of a device for inclining the floor formwork element in the first and / or second direction according to a desired angular position. This can provide further support to the user who is to create formwork for a precast concrete component. It is possible to establish communication between the device for inclining the floor formwork element and the device for detecting the formwork environment or a computing unit connected to the device for detecting the formwork environment, so that the method can be automated to a greater extent. Semi-automation is also possible.

[0026] A device for tilting the floor formwork element can comprise a platform on which the floor formwork element can be placed. The platform can be tilted manually or by means of actuators, or can be tilted or inclined in two directions, in particular the two directions mentioned above.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises logging the determined and / or adjusted angular position of the device for detecting the formwork environment and / or the determined angular position of the floor formwork element. This makes it possible to record the parameters used for the production of a precast concrete component and / or to specify them as a quality or grade specifically for the manufactured precast concrete component.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises arranging a measure for a reference distance on the floor formwork element in the first and / or second direction. This allows a predetermined reference distance to be arranged on or at the floor formwork element, which can be detected by the device for detecting the formwork's surroundings. Knowing the reference distance allows for improved evaluation by incorporating the comparison between the measured reference distance and the predetermined, known reference distance into the determination of the angular position.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises arranging a device for determining an angular position on the ground formwork element or in the vicinity of the ground formwork element, wherein the device for determining an angular position is designed to determine the angular position of the ground formwork element in the first direction and / or in the second direction. Furthermore, the method preferably comprises communicating the angular position determined by means of the device for determining an angular position to the device for detecting the formwork environment or a computing unit connected to the device for detecting the formwork environment. By determining an angular position on the ground formwork element by means of a device, the accuracy and / or the flexibility of how the angular position of the ground formwork element can be detected can be increased. Simple devices can be used.

[0030] If it is described that the angular position determined by the device for determining an angular position on the floor formwork element is communicated to the device for detecting the formwork environment, this is understood to mean any communication that can be carried out, in particular, via a wired or wireless method. Automatic communication is possible, which does not require authorization or forwarding by a user. Semi-automatic communication may also be possible, which requires input from a user, in particular in the form of authorization for the forwarding of the data by the user. It can also be provided that the user transmits the angular position manually. Mixed forms of the aforementioned communication are possible.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises adjusting the angular position of the device for detecting the formwork environment in the first direction substantially parallel to the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration. This allows a reference point to be created with which an absolute measurement of the angular position of the ground formwork element is possible. The absolute measurement can be directly related to the direction or arrangement of the device for detecting the formwork environment.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises adjusting the angular position of the device for detecting the formwork environment in the second direction substantially parallel to the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration. This provides a bidirectional reference for the device for detecting the formwork environment. A deviation of the position of the ground formwork element relative to the device for detecting the formwork environment, detected by the device for detecting the formwork environment or communicated to the device for detecting the formwork environment, specifies an absolute value.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises selecting the first and second directions such that the first and second directions form an angle of at least 10°, preferably at least 20°, preferably at least 30°, preferably at least 40°, preferably at least 50°, preferably at least 60°, preferably at least 70°, preferably at least 80°, and particularly preferably substantially 90°, with one another. Flexible adjustment of the two directions or the angle enclosed by the two directions is possible. When using a right angle, i.e., 90°, simple alignment is possible.

[0034] The invention also provides a system for producing a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment with a floor formwork element according to claim 11.

[0035] According to a non-claimed aspect, a use for creating a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment with a ground formwork element is also described. A device for detecting the formwork environment is used, and the device for detecting the formwork environment detects a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element in at least one first direction from the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration.

[0036] If the description describes a method, a use, and a system, the explanations of the individual aspects complement each other. In particular, the explanations regarding the method apply to the aspect of use and the aspect of the system.

[0037] The foregoing statements, as well as the following description of exemplary embodiments, do not constitute a waiver of specific embodiments or features.

[0038] In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows a schematic isometric view of a system for creating formwork for a precast concrete element in a formwork environment.

[0039] Fig. 1 shows a floor formwork element 1 with a surface 2 facing the surface of the precast concrete component to be constructed. The floor formwork element 1 is arranged in a formwork environment 3 with additional formwork elements 4, whereby the formwork elements 4 form a lateral formwork for the precast concrete component.

[0040] The system comprises a device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3. The device 5 is designed to store a measurement corresponding to an angular position in at least a first direction r1 of the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3 relative to a plane E substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration g. In the illustrated embodiment, the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3 has been adjusted in at least the first direction r1 with its angular position relative to the plane substantially transverse to the direction of gravitational acceleration g, so that the angular position is known as the stored measurement and / or is, for example, 0°.

[0041] The ground formwork element 1 or the surface 2 of the ground formwork element 1 is optically scanned by the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3 in order to determine, by means of the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3, a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element 1 in at least a first direction R1 from the plane E substantially transverse to the direction of the gravitational acceleration g. In the illustrated embodiment, the directions r1 and R1 are identical or parallel to one another. Thus, the angular position of the ground formwork element 1 can be determined in at least the first direction R1 relative to the plane E transverse to the direction of the gravitational acceleration g.

[0042] In the embodiment shown, the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3 is adjusted or determined with respect to an angular position in at least one second direction r2 of the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3, which is different from the first direction r1, with respect to the plane E substantially transverse to the direction of the gravitational acceleration g.

[0043] The angular position of the floor formwork element 1 in at least the second direction R2 is determined by means of the device 5 for detecting the formwork environment 3, wherein in the illustrated embodiment the directions R2 and r2 are parallel to each other or correspond to each other.

Claims

1. Method for creating a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment (3) having a ground formwork element (1), wherein a device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) is used, which has at least one sensor with which the formwork environment is optically detected, wherein the method comprises: determining or adjusting an angular position in at least one first direction (r1, R1) of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) with respect to a plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g); determining an angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in at least the first direction (r1, R1), wherein a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in at least the first direction (r1, R1) from the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) is established by means of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) and a calculating device; determining or adjusting an angular position in at least one second direction (r2, R2), different from the first direction, of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) with respect to a plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) and determining an angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in at least the second direction (r2, R2), wherein a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in the second direction (r2, R2) from the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) is established by means of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) and the calculating device.

2. Method according to claim 1, comprising: determining a target angular position of the ground formwork element (1) by means of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) and outputting a confirmation if the determined angular position corresponds to the target angular position.

3. Method according to claim 2, comprising: outputting the confirmation on a display device for a user, wherein the confirmation is output on a display device wearable by the user.

4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: automatically aligning the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) by means of a device for tilting the ground formwork element (1) in the first and / or second direction according to a target angular position.

5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: logging the determined and / or set angular position of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) and / or the determined angular position of the ground formwork element (1).

6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: arranging a measurement for a reference distance on the ground formwork element (1) in the first and / or second direction (r1, R1; r2, R2).

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: arranging a device for determining an angular position on the ground formwork element (1) or in the vicinity of the ground formwork element (1), wherein the device for determining an angular position is configured to determine the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in the first direction (r1, R1) and / or in the second direction (r2, R2) and communicating the angular position determined by means of the device for determining an angular position to the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3).

8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: adjusting the angular position of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) in the first direction (r1, R1) parallel to the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g).

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: adjusting the angular position of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) in the second direction (r2, R2) parallel to the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g).

10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: selecting the first and second directions (r1, R1; r2, R2), such that the first and second directions (r1, R1; r2, R2) include an angle of at least 10°, in particular 90°, with respect to one another.

11. System for creating a formwork for a precast concrete component in a formwork environment (3) having a ground formwork element (1), wherein the system is designed in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 11, and the system comprises: a device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3), which has at least one sensor with which the formwork environment is optically detected, wherein the device (5) is configured to store a measurement that corresponds to an angular position in at least one first direction (r1, R1) of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) with respect to a plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) and the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) is further configured to establish a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) from the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) by means of a calculating device in at least the first direction (r1, R1); and the device (5) is further configured to store a measurement that corresponds to an angular position in at least one second direction (r2, R2), different from the first direction (r1, R1), of the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) with respect to a plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) and the device (5) for detecting the formwork environment (3) is further configured to establish a deviation of the angular position of the ground formwork element (1) in at least the second direction (r2, R2) from the plane (E) substantially transverse to the direction of the gravity acceleration (g) by means of the calculating device.