PILZFUNDAMENT

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mushroom foundation for overhead power line masts.

[0002] Overhead power lines are typically built on concrete foundations. In certain situations, it is necessary to clear such a mast site. For this purpose, supporting masts or guyed masts are anchored or grounded with temporary foundations. This is achieved using state-of-the-art anchoring, which usually requires installation in open terrain at a suitable distance. For example, using concrete foundations, which is very complex and disruptive to the natural environment. Even after these temporary foundations have been removed, damage remains.

[0003] Various concrete foundations are known in the state of the art.

[0004] DE 10 2007 018 335 B4, for example, discloses a foundation for a mast comprising a concrete foundation plate with embedded screw bolts protruding from the top and an attachment with a recess for receiving the mast base. The attachment has mounting recesses along the perimeter at the lower end, open toward the outside. A mounting insert is embedded in each of these recesses. This insert is anchored in the attachment with reinforcement and is provided with a section through which the screw bolt on the foundation plate can be inserted. This allows the attachment to be secured to the foundation plate with a nut inserted into the mounting recess and screwed onto the screw bolt.

[0005] Also known from US Pat. No. 5,218,805 A is a foundation for a mast with a foundation plate with concreted-in screw bolts protruding from the top. The foundation includes an attachment that has mounting recesses open toward the outside at the lower end.

[0006] A temporary foundation is described in DE 100 19 177 A1 for a mobile fence base, with a base surface, with an upper side arranged opposite the base surface, with at least one device for receiving a mobile fence element and with at least one recess for lifting the mobile fence base.

[0007] FR 2 918 400 A1 describes a stackable ballast for stabilising building elements or vertical formwork as a temporary solution.

[0008] GB 1 155 238 A discloses a ground anchoring structure and FR 2 936 540 A1 describes a base module for the construction of a fence.

[0009] JP 2000 204569 A discloses a steel mast foundation unit which is constructed from a mushroom base and a mushroom shaft which are connected to each other by struts running diagonally from the mushroom shaft downwards to the mushroom base.

[0010] US 2015 / 308140 A1 discloses a modular mast foundation equipped with a load-bearing cavity.

[0011] Finally, WO 2014 / 012708 A1 discloses a device for anchoring structures in the ground with a tubular support column or support element and with support plates arranged in a support plane.

[0012] The disadvantage of concrete foundations, and especially temporary concrete foundations, is that they require considerable effort to establish the foundations and, when dismantling the temporary structure, to remove them without causing damage to the environment. With conventional foundations and structures, this requires considerable space and causes extensive damage to the land.

[0013] The object of the invention is to provide a mushroom foundation as a temporary foundation in order to temporarily clear the old mast site of an overhead power line mast and to reduce damage to the land in this context.

[0014] The problem is solved by an object having the features according to patent claim 1. Further developments are specified in the dependent patent claims.

[0015] The object of the invention is achieved by a mushroom-shaped foundation for overhead power line masts, which essentially consists of a mushroom base and a mushroom shaft. The mushroom base has a mushroom base plate with stiffening elements and also has a central shaft joint for receiving a lower end of the mushroom shaft. At its upper end, the mushroom shaft has a connection option with a connecting element that connects the mushroom shaft to the overhead power line mast.

[0016] Particularly preferably, the connecting element is designed as a connecting plate and is designed to be temporarily connectable to the base frame construction and a corner post of the overhead line mast.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting element is designed to be temporarily connectable to the mushroom shaft.

[0018] Alternatively, the connecting element is designed as a component of the mushroom shaft. The invention is particularly advantageous when the connecting element is connected to the base frame structure and the corner post of the overhead line mast, as well as to the mushroom shaft, via screw connections.

[0019] The stiffening element advantageously projects vertically from the mushroom base plate. Preferably, several stiffening elements are formed to stiffen the mushroom base plate across its entire surface.

[0020] The stiffening elements are advantageously designed as profiles and connected to the mushroom base plate.

[0021] Advantageously, the upwardly oriented stiffening elements on the mushroom base plate form upwardly open receptacles which, when the foundation pit is filled, accommodate soil or weighting elements in order to increase the stability of the mushroom foundation.

[0022] The mushroom base itself is advantageously formed from L-profiles, with one leg of the L-profile forming the mushroom base plate and one leg of the L-profile forming the stiffening element.

[0023] The mushroom foundation is preferably made of steel.

[0024] The mushroom footings are particularly advantageous when galvanized and coated to ensure they are resistant to corrosion. In this application, mushroom footings can be used not only as a temporary solution, but also as a permanent foundation option.

[0025] The additional stiffening elements are advantageously arranged on the mushroom base plate and welded to it.

[0026] According to the invention, the lower end of the mushroom shaft is screwed to the shaft joint of the mushroom base.

[0027] According to the invention, the shaft joint consists of two L-profiles projecting vertically from the mushroom base plate.

[0028] According to the invention, the mushroom shaft is designed as a cross profile corresponding to the L-profiles of the shaft joint.

[0029] The cross profile of the mushroom shaft consists of two L-profiles welded together at their corners.

[0030] The advantages of the mushroom foundation according to the invention are manifold.

[0031] The foundations according to the invention enable maintenance-free use and can be produced at reduced costs compared to concrete foundations.

[0032] A particular advantage is that less assembly work is required and the foundations are stable.

[0033] The use of mushroom foundations as temporary foundations only affects the soil in the immediate vicinity of the old tree branch and does not cause any damage to the land outside the existing route.

[0034] A decisive advantage, and one that deserves particular emphasis, is the reduction in damage to the land through the use of the foundations according to the invention, which are also more cost-effective to produce, easy to transport and can be used multiple times.

[0035] Furthermore, the mushroom-shaped foundations are easily adaptable to different mast types using the connecting elements and are also easy to calculate structurally. This also allows for good verification of stability and compliance with structural requirements, which can be verified using standard and established calculation methods.

[0036] A particular advantage of mushroom foundations is their reusability, so that the effort required to create the foundations is cost-effective compared to other types of temporary arrangement of guyed masts.

[0037] The mushroom foundation temporary solutions are maintenance-free, space-saving and, in terms of statics, represent a 1:1 replacement of the existing mast foundations over a longer period of time, depending on the risk of steel corrosion of the soil and groundwater at the site of use. They are suitable for short-term to medium-term temporary use and, without the need for complex calculations and verification, represent a one-to-one replacement of the existing mast foundations. In contrast, state-of-the-art mast anchorages are generally subject to high subsequent control costs, for example with regard to anchor prestressing, and require a large amount of additional space.

[0038] Furthermore, the mushroom-shaped foundations are generally applicable to all existing foundation variants with vertical base anchor entrances, or at least adaptable with minimal effort, after appropriate design. They can also be adapted to sloped foundation entrances. Although the adaptation effort is somewhat greater in this case, it is generally possible and still less expensive compared to state-of-the-art solutions.

[0039] Further details, features, and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Fig. 1:Side view of the lower part of an overhead line mast with mushroom foundations, Fig. 2:Perspective view of a mushroom foundation, Fig. 3:Top view of a mushroom foundation base and Fig. 4:Detail of the shaft joint of a mushroom foundation base.

[0040] In Figure 1The lower section of an overhead line mast with mushroom-shaped foundations 1 is shown in a side view. This view shows two corner posts 2 of the overhead line mast, which are connected to each other via a base frame structure 3 of the overhead line mast and each to a mushroom-shaped foundation 1.

[0041] In principle, the top edge of the ground 5 is shown as a line up to which the mushroom foundations 1 are embedded in the ground.

[0042] The mushroom foundations 1 essentially consist of a mushroom shaft 6, analogous to a mushroom stem, and a mushroom base 4, analogous to a mushroom cap. The mushroom shaft 6 is shown shortened in length. The mushroom foundation 1 is thus buried in the ground, analogous to a mushroom, with the mushroom base 4 facing downwards, and the mushroom shaft 6 supports the corner post 2 of the overhead line mast at the end protruding from the ground.

[0043] In Figure 2A mushroom foundation 1 is shown in perspective. According to the present embodiment, the mushroom foundation 1, consisting of the mushroom shaft 6 and the mushroom base 4, is made of conventional steel grade.

[0044] The mushroom shaft 6 is temporarily connected at its upper end to the corner post 2 and the base frame structure 3 of the overhead line mast via a connecting element 7. In this case, screw connections were selected as the connecting means. The upper end of the mushroom shaft 6 is also connected to the connecting element 7 via screw connections. By designing a connecting element 7 as a separate part, the mushroom foundation 1 can be connected to various types of overhead line masts by simply adapting the connecting element 7 to the various mast types, with different spacings for the connecting elements if necessary. The connecting elements 7 are prefabricated for use with the respective mast type or can be flexibly adapted to the respective mast type on site from a blank.

[0045] The mushroom shaft 6 extends from the lower end of the mast base into the ground. The mushroom foundation 1 figuratively represents an upside-down mushroom, whose mushroom cap is surrounded by soil as the lower end of the foundation. The mushroom foundation 1 has a mushroom base 4, which, with the entire surface of its essentially horizontally extending mushroom base plate 10 and the soil above it, exerts the foundation effect for the temporary anchoring of the overhead line mast due to the soil's load.

[0046] The horizontal surface of the mushroom base 4 is reinforced by stiffening elements 9, which project upwards from the mushroom base plate 10, also called the mushroom plate. The mushroom base plate 10 is compartmentalized by the stiffening elements 9 and forms upwardly open, chamber-like recesses or receptacles that accommodate the soil. In special applications, weighting elements and additional weights can be integrated into the receptacles on the mushroom base plate 10.

[0047] The shaft joint 8, which serves as the receptacle for the mushroom shaft 6, is located centrally in the mushroom base 4. The shaft joint 8 is formed from L-profiles projecting upwards from the mushroom base plate 10, to which the mushroom shaft 6 is screwed and firmly connected in the lower area. For transport purposes, the mushroom foundation 1 can thus be easily disassembled into the mushroom base 4 and the mushroom shaft 6.

[0048] The steel mushroom base 4 absorbs the earth load, and the size of the mushroom base plate 10 and the mushroom shaft length allow the foundation properties of the temporary mushroom foundation 1 to be flexibly adapted to the various mast types and their requirements. This allows for a stable interim solution to be created as a temporary measure, which can be structurally verified using conventional methods. Depending on the mast type, defined foundation forces are required, which must be achieved and verified by the mushroom foundations 1.

[0049] In Figure 3 a mushroom foot 4 is shown in plan view with a section above the stiffening elements 9 through the cross profile of the mushroom shaft 6 and the L-profiles of the shaft joint 8.

[0050] The mushroom base 4 consists of the mushroom base plate 10 and the upwardly mounted stiffening elements 9, which stiffen the mushroom base plate 10. The mushroom base plate 10 has a flat underside and rests on the floor of the foundation pit for the temporary foundation. In plan view, the mushroom base plate 10 has the upwardly projecting stiffening elements 9, which form chamber-like receptacles for soil or ballast elements on the upper side of the mushroom base plate 10.

[0051] The mushroom base 4 itself is assembled from individual L-profiles. The horizontal legs of the L-profiles form the mushroom base plate 10, and the vertical legs form the stiffening elements 9. Depending on the dimensions of the mushroom base plate 10, additional stiffening elements 9 are welded onto the mushroom base plate 10 to stiffen the mushroom base plate 10 according to the static requirements.

[0052] In plan view, the mushroom base plate 10 is designed as a regular convex octagon. Two L-profiles with opposite lower legs are welded to form a first main axis of a cross. This creates a U-profile. The second main axis is formed by attaching two axle pieces, which are also made of opposing L-profiles and extend from the center of the octagon. The center of the cross is formed by stiffening elements 9 into a chamber with a square floor plan, which is shown in the detailed illustration according to Fig. 4 is shown enlarged.

[0053] The areas of the mushroom base plate 10 between the main axes of the cross are in turn compartmentalized by stiffening elements 9, which on the one hand stiffen the mushroom base plate 10 and on the other hand form chamber-like receptacles open at the top for soil or weighting elements.

[0054] In Fig. 4the central area of ​​the mushroom base 4 with the shaft joint 8 is shown in enlarged detail.

[0055] The center of the cross of the mushroom base plate 10 is formed by stiffening elements 9 into a chamber with a square footprint and forms the receptacle for the shaft joint 8. This is formed by two L-profiles whose L-shaped cross-sections are welded to the mushroom base plate 10. The L-profiles are welded together at their corner edges and extend upwards from the mushroom base plate 10. The L-profiles of the shaft joint 8 have connection points for corresponding connection points in the lower area of ​​the mushroom shaft 6. According to the invention, the shaft joint 8 is connected to the mushroom shaft 6 via a screw connection. For transport of the mushroom foundation 1, it is separated from the mushroom shaft 6 and mushroom base 4 at the described connection point in order to be able to move the mushroom foundation more easily. List of reference symbols

[0056] 1Mushroom foundation 2Corner post 3Foot frame construction 4Mushroom base 5Ground surface 6Mushroom shaft 7Connecting element 8Shaft joint 9Stiffening element 10Mushroom base plate

Claims

1. A mushroom foundation (1) for overhead power line pylons, having a mushroom base (4) and a mushroom shaft (6), wherein the mushroom base (4) has a mushroom base plate (10) with stiffening elements (9) and a central shaft joint (8) for receiving a lower end of the mushroom shaft (6), and wherein the mushroom shaft (6) is connected at an upper end to a connecting element (7) which is configured to be connectable to the overhead power line pylon, characterized in that the lower end of the mushroom shaft (6) is screwed to the shaft joint (8), wherein the shaft joint (8) is formed of two L-sections canted perpendicularly to the mushroom base plate (10), and the mushroom shaft (6), correspondingly to the L-sections of the shaft joint (8), is configured as a cruciform section, and the cruciform section of the mushroom shaft (6) is formed of two L-sections welded together at their corners.

2. The mushroom foundation (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (7) is designed as a connecting plate and is configured to be temporarily connectable to a base frame structure (3) and a leg member (2) of the overhead power line pylon.

3. The mushroom foundation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting element (7) is configured to be temporarily connectable to the mushroom shaft (6).

4. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting element (7) is connectable to the base frame structure (3) and the leg member (2) of the overhead power line pylon as well as to the mushroom shaft (6) via screw connections.

5. The mushroom foundation (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (7) is configured as an upper end of the mushroom shaft (6).

6. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stiffening element (9) is canted perpendicularly to the mushroom base plate (10).

7. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that multiple stiffening elements (9) are arranged on the mushroom base plate (10) and stiffen the latter across the entire surface.

8. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the stiffening elements (9) are configured as sections and connected to the mushroom base plate (10).

9. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stiffening elements (9) are arranged oriented upwards on the mushroom base plate (10) and form receptacles open at the top, which receive soil or weighting elements when the foundation pit is filled.

10. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mushroom base (4) is formed of L-sections, wherein one leg of the L-section forms the mushroom base plate (10), and one leg forms the stiffening element (9).

11. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mushroom foundation (1) is made of steel or galvanized steel.

12. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mushroom foundation (1) has a corrosion-inhibiting coating or is made of a non-corrosive material with corresponding static properties.

13. The mushroom foundation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that additional stiffening elements (9) are arranged on the mushroom base plate (10) and welded thereto.