METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE INDIRECT DETECTION OF WEAR IN A SLIDING POWER CONDITIONING CHAIN

Description

[0001] The invention generally relates to a system and a method for monitoring or condition monitoring of a movable or dynamic cable routing, in particular an energy chain, for guiding at least one cable, hose or the like, between a stationary fixed point and a carrier movable relative to it, typically on a movable part of a plant or machine.

[0002] The invention relates in particular to a system and a method for the indirect detection of wear in the operation of the energy supply chain, thus enabling predictive maintenance.

[0003] In this process, the energy chain typically forms a stationary lower run, a movable upper run, and a moving deflection loop in between. The invention relates in particular to energy chains with a sliding upper run for long travel distances.

[0004] For wear detection, solutions are known in which special sensor modules are integrated into the cable management system or energy chain, as proposed, for example, in WO 2017 / 129805 A1 or WO 2019 / 201482 A1. However, these solutions require structural modifications to the energy chain and available installation space in the internal housing for the cables. Another approach to wear monitoring was proposed in WO 2021 / 043668 A1; however, this also requires design modifications to the energy chain, or this approach is only suitable for sliding energy chains with sliding shoes. Furthermore, EP 1 521 015 A2 presented an approach to wear monitoring in which a wear element with a predetermined breaking point is used to determine whether critical wear of the chain is present. The predetermined breaking point serves as the indicator for a critical wear condition of the chain.

[0005] In DE 20 2016 000 501 U1, an approach similar to that in WO 2017 / 129805 A1 was presented, in which a wear element is designed as a transponder. In DE 20 2016 107 317 U1 and WO 2018 / 115528 A1, an approach was presented in which the chain's path is monitored, but this is not readily suitable for wear detection.

[0006] In EP 2 935 941 B1, an energy supply device with at least one drive unit for long travel distances was presented, in which the wear of the energy supply device is monitored by sensors.

[0007] A desirable solution is a structurally simple one for detecting wear during the operation of various energy chains. This solution should be as versatile as possible and, ideally, achievable with an existing energy chain without requiring any structural modifications or alterations. In particular, it should enable wear monitoring of the typical joint connections between chain links without necessitating any modifications to the energy chain itself.

[0008] This problem is solved by a system according to claim 1 or a method according to claim 9. Preferred embodiments or further developing features are specified in dependent claims 2 to 8 and 10 to 15, respectively. Further features are particularly evident from these dependent claims.

[0009] The invention relates to a system for indirect wear detection on an energy chain. The energy chain typically serves to guide at least one conductor, such as a cable, hose, or the like, between a stationary fixed point and a movable carrier relative to it. The energy chain is movable, forming a stationary lower run, a movable upper run, and a deflection arc between them. Particularly in the case of long travel distances, the energy chain is designed and arranged with a sliding upper run. In this context, a sliding upper run also includes an upper run that rolls on the lower run.

[0010] It is proposed that the sensor arrangement comprise at least two sensors, each arranged and configured such that, depending on at least one feature that occurs periodically or can be detected during the operation of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, particularly corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain, the sensors generate corresponding output signals which are evaluated by the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is configured to detect and evaluate the temporal behavior of the output signals from the individual sensors. Preferably, the system comprises a sensor arrangement, preferably in a stationary position, and an evaluation unit that is connected to the sensor arrangement via a signal connection.

[0011] According to the invention, the sensor arrangement is configured and set up to generate corresponding output signals, which the evaluation unit evaluates, depending on at least one feature that occurs periodically, particularly corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain, during the movement, in particular the movement, of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement. In particular, the invention allows the detection and advantageous evaluation of the temporal behavior of the energy chain by means of at least two sensors, e.g., to determine increasing wear, which can be indirectly detected by changes in the temporal behavior.

[0012] The feature can be, in particular, a design feature of the energy chain, especially of the individual chain link. It is preferably an inherent design feature of the energy chain that occurs repeatedly along the chain's length. The design feature can be repeated multiple times along the entire length of the chain, for example, at each chain link or every second chain link, and for example, over almost the entire length between the end fixings.

[0013] Preferably, the system is arranged and configured for indirect wear detection on at least one chain link of the energy chain, and more preferably for detecting wear at a connection between at least two chain links of the energy chain. Preferably, the energy chain has a plurality of chain links, such as several dozen or well over a hundred, which are preferably all identical in construction (with so-called cranked or forked links) or alternately identical in construction (e.g., with alternating inner and outer links), possibly excluding end-end connection links.

[0014] The invention offers many advantages. In particular, it allows for the advantageous detection of wear on individual chain links. This enables targeted replacement of only parts of the energy chain during maintenance, or, for example, the replacement of more heavily stressed chain links with less stressed ones. In this way, the overall service life and sustainability of the energy chain can be increased.

[0015] Preferably, the system for indirect wear detection on the energy chain is arranged between a stationary fixed point of the energy chain and a relatively movable driver of the energy chain.

[0016] Typically, at least one end of the energy chain is movable along a longitudinal axis, particularly relative to at least one other end. Preferably, the stationary fixed point of the energy chain is located at one end. Preferably, the drive element of the energy chain is located at another end. Typically, the drive element forms one end of the energy chain. Conceptually, the energy chain can be divided into at least three different sections in this process.Preferably, one of the at least three sections is a stationary lower run extending from an end, particularly the end where the stationary fixed point is located, of the energy chain to the deflection bend, and which is formed, in particular, by a portion of the energy chain extending parallel to its longitudinal axis. Preferably, the section of the energy chain forming the stationary lower run is stationary only with respect to the end where the stationary fixed point is located.

[0017] The system for indirect wear detection is preferably arranged at the fixed point in an imaginary extension of the stationary lower run, such that the movable upper run passes by, in particular above, the sensor arrangement of the system and / or travels through the detection area of ​​the sensor arrangement.

[0018] Preferably, one of the at least three sections is a movable upper run extending from one end, particularly the end where the driver is located, of the energy chain to the deflection bend, and which is formed, in particular, by a portion of the energy chain extending parallel to its longitudinal axis. Preferably, one of the at least three sections is a deflection bend arranged between the other sections of the energy chain, preferably the stationary lower run and the movable upper run, which in particular forms an arc (so-called deflection bend) of the energy chain extending over an angle of approximately 180°. Preferably, the upper run is slidably mounted on the lower run.The upper trum can alternatively or additionally be mounted on the lower trum by means of at least one roller element - whereby a rolling upper trum is understood here under the collective term sliding upper trum.

[0019] The system preferably comprises a sensor arrangement that is stationary, particularly relative to the energy chain. Preferably, the system also includes a separate evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is preferably connected to the sensor arrangement via signal transmission, particularly for data transmission, preferably at least from the sensor arrangement to the evaluation unit. Preferably, the sensor arrangement transmits a continuous signal to the evaluation unit during operation, for example, in real time or as a periodic signal with a suitable transmission frequency of at least 20 Hz, preferably at least 50 Hz.

[0020] Preferably, the sensor arrangement is configured and set up to generate corresponding output signals based on at least one feature of the energy chain, which the evaluation unit then evaluates. Preferably, the sensor arrangement is configured to generate corresponding output signals based on at least one feature of the energy chain and send them to the evaluation unit. Preferably, the feature of the energy chain occurs periodically during the movement, particularly during the movement, of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, and in particular, repeatingly according to the chain pitch of the energy chain. Preferably, the at least one feature of the energy chain is selected such that it occurs at each link of the energy chain, and in particular, at the same position on each link.

[0021] Preferably, the feature of the energy chain during the process, in particular the movement, of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement can be detected periodically, in particular according to the chain pitch of the energy chain. For example, at least one feature of the energy chain can be selected as an element of the chain links located inside the deflection arc. For example, at least one feature of the energy chain can be designed as a marking on the chain links.

[0022] A crossbar or a component thereof is particularly preferred as at least one feature of the energy chain, and is inherently provided at each or every nth chain link. The crossbar is inherently optically and / or electromagnetically detectable without requiring any modification.

[0023] Additionally or alternatively, at least one feature of the energy chain can be designed as a feature that can be added with minimal effort. For example, a code, such as a barcode and / or QR code, can be formed on the chain links. Alternatively, at least one feature of the energy chain can be designed as an optical element on the chain links, particularly for generating an optical signal, preferably an electromagnetic signal, for example in the visible optical spectrum, preferably in the infrared spectrum, and most preferably outside the non-visible spectrum.

[0024] Other configurations are also possible. For example, the sensor arrangement can be configured to detect at least optical, preferably electromagnetic, signals. For instance, at least one feature of the energy chain can be designed as an acoustic element of a chain link, particularly for generating an acoustic signal, for example in the audible signal frequency spectrum, preferably in the inaudible signal frequency spectrum, e.g., in the ultrasound range, or alternatively in the infrasound range. In particular, the sensor arrangement can be configured to detect at least acoustic signals, especially sound waves or structure-borne sound. In this way, driving noise inherent in the process can also be monitored without the need for special or additional acoustic elements.

[0025] Preferably, the sensor arrangement is configured to monitor the energy chain, in particular at least one feature of the energy chain, preferably of each link of the energy chain, during the movement of the energy chain. Preferably, the sensor arrangement comprises at least one, preferably at least two, sensors configured to detect at least one feature of the energy chain during the movement of the energy chain.

[0026] The evaluation device is particularly preferably designed to determine a distance between two chain links of the energy supply chain from the output signals which the evaluation device receives from the sensor arrangement.

[0027] Preferably, the evaluation device is designed to determine an instantaneous velocity of the chain links, for example individual chain links or pairs of chain links, of the energy supply chain from the output signals which the evaluation device receives from the sensor arrangement.

[0028] Preferably, the evaluation device is designed to normalize the determined distances between each pair of chain links using determined instantaneous velocities, in particular of the chain links under consideration.

[0029] The evaluation device is particularly preferably designed to determine a wear condition of the energy chain, in particular of the chain links of the energy chain, from determined, in particular standardized, distances of the chain links of the energy chain.

[0030] In a further development, the evaluation unit is configured to determine changes in the instantaneous velocity of the energy chain links from the output signals it receives from the sensor arrangement. The evaluation unit can also be configured to determine the wear state of the energy chain, and in particular the individual links, from these changes in instantaneous velocity. For example, the velocity during a change of direction of the energy chain is slower between links connected with play due to wear than between links connected with play only due to manufacturing tolerances when new.

[0031] For example, the wear state of the connection between two chain links can be inferred from the acceleration of individual chain links.

[0032] In particular, the velocities and accelerations of the chain links can be determined, advantageously with relative accuracy, from the frequency, preferably frequency change, of the signals from the sensor arrangement. In particular, frequency effects, such as a Doppler effect, can be used to achieve a particularly accurate determination of the velocities and accelerations of the chain links. The evaluation device can be configured to determine, and preferably average, the wear condition of the energy chain, especially of the chain links, from the, in particular normalized, distances between the chain links of the energy chain and from determined changes in the instantaneous velocity of the chain links of the energy chain.In this context, the "longitudinal axis" of an object is understood to mean, in particular, an axis that runs parallel to the longest edge of the smallest imaginary geometric cuboid that just completely encloses the object, and preferably passes through a geometric center point of the object, especially of the cuboid.

[0033] The evaluation unit includes, in particular, at least one processor and / or at least one processor unit, at least one memory unit, and an operating, control and / or calculation program stored in the memory unit.

[0034] According to the invention, the at least two sensors, in particular the sensor arrangement, are each arranged such that the sensors detect at least one feature that occurs periodically during the movement of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, in particular repeatingly corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain. The at least two sensors, in particular the sensor arrangement, are each configured to generate corresponding output signals depending on the at least one feature. Preferably, the evaluation device is configured to evaluate the output signals. According to the invention, the evaluation device is configured to detect and evaluate the temporal behavior of the output signals of the individual sensors.The inventive design of the system for indirect wear detection on an energy chain enables advantageous and precise monitoring of the wear condition of the energy chain. In particular, it allows for advantageously cost-effective early detection of an impending breakage of the energy chain.

[0035] Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least two sensors be spaced apart from each other in the direction of travel and arranged and configured such that each sensor detects the presence of passing crossbars of the energy chain and outputs a corresponding signal. Preferably, the sensor arrangement comprises several sensors spaced apart from each other in the direction of travel and is arranged such that each sensor detects the presence of passing features, in particular crossbars as at least one feature of the energy chain, and outputs a corresponding signal.The sensor arrangement preferably comprises several, preferably at least two, and in particular at least three, sensors, which are preferably spaced apart from each other in the direction of travel of the energy chain, and preferably are at least partially and / or completely offset from each other in the direction of travel of the energy chain. Preferably, each sensor detects the presence of the at least one feature under consideration, for example, passing crossbars, of the energy chain. Preferably, each sensor outputs a signal corresponding to the detected presence or absence of this at least one feature, for example, the passing crossbar, of the energy chain. Advantageously, continuous detection of the at least one feature of the energy chain can be achieved over a long period.

[0036] Furthermore, it is proposed that the sensors be designed as electromagnetic, in particular as capacitive proximity sensors. Preferably, the sensors of the sensor arrangement are functionally identical and / or structurally identical.

[0037] The sensors in the sensor array can alternatively and / or additionally be designed as inductive proximity sensors, acoustic sensors, light barriers, in particular infrared light barriers, or the like. This allows for advantageously fast, and especially high-resolution, monitoring of the energy chain.

[0038] Furthermore, it is proposed that at least two sensors of the sensor arrangement be arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal (new) chain pitch and / or be arranged and configured to detect a feature that depends on the chain pitch. Preferably, at least two sensors are provided and / or two sensors are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal, in particular with respect to a new, chain pitch. Preferably, the sensor arrangement comprises at least two sensors which are offset from each other along the direction of travel, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the energy chain, at a distance corresponding to the nominal, in particular with respect to a new, chain pitch. Preferably, the system for indirect wear detection on the energy chain includes the energy chain itself.Preferably, the geometric centers of at least two sensors are arranged offset from each other along the direction of travel, particularly along the longitudinal axis of the energy chain, at a distance corresponding to the nominal chain pitch, especially with respect to a new chain. Two chain links can be detected simultaneously to advantageously monitor the distance between them.

[0039] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it is proposed that the sensor arrangement be stationary next to the fixed point in the direction of travel of the energy chain. Preferably, the sensor arrangement is stationary and connected to a support unit, in particular a rail unit, for the energy chain. Preferably, the sensor arrangement is stationary next to the fixed point for monitoring the upper run of the energy chain in the direction of travel of the energy chain. Typically, the stationary fixed point of the energy chain is located on the lower run of the energy chain. Preferably, the sensor arrangement is offset from the stationary fixed point in the direction of travel of the energy chain, in particular along the longitudinal axis of the energy chain.Preferably, the rail unit has at least two rails aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the energy chain, on which the energy chain is mounted and to which the sensor arrangement is mechanically connected, or with respect to which the sensor arrangement is stationary. Preferably, the stationary fixed point of the energy chain is connected to the rail unit offset from the sensor arrangement along the longitudinal axis of the rail unit. This allows for advantageous monitoring of the upper run during the movement of the energy chain.

[0040] Furthermore, it is proposed that the evaluation device determines the instantaneous speed of individual chain links from the temporal behavior of the output signals and / or that the evaluation device comprises three sensors, wherein two sensors of the sensor arrangement are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal chain pitch and a third sensor is provided for direction of travel detection. Preferably, the evaluation device detects and / or determines the temporal behavior of the output signals of the sensor arrangement, in particular of individual sensors, and / or detects, preferably determines, the instantaneous speed of individual chain links from the output signals. Preferably, the evaluation device determines the wear condition of a connection between two adjacent chain links from the distances, in particular in combination with the instantaneous speeds, of the two adjacent chain links.Preferably, a third sensor, particularly of the sensor arrangement, is configured to detect the direction of travel of the energy chain, which corresponds in particular to the current direction of travel. Preferably, a third sensor, particularly of the sensor arrangement, is configured to detect the direction of travel, in particular the current direction of travel of the energy chain, optionally directly and transmit it to the evaluation unit. Alternatively or additionally, the evaluation unit can be configured to determine the direction of travel, which corresponds in particular to the current direction of travel, of the energy chain from the output signals of the third sensor, optionally in conjunction with the output signals of one of the other two sensors. Alternatively or additionally, the current direction of travel or direction of movement, e.g.,forward into the extended position or back into the retracted position, of the moving section of the energy chain can also be determined by or on the basis of one or both of the aforementioned sensors.

[0041] It is advantageous to monitor the wear of an energy chain independently of speed, particularly at the chain links that are known to be most vulnerable, e.g., the first third of the chain length on the drive side. A design feature that is inherent to the chain and occurs multiple times in this first third is preferably considered for this purpose.

[0042] Furthermore, it is proposed that the evaluation unit analyzes the output signals of the sensor arrangement for deviations from a pre-stored behavior or reference values ​​of a new energy chain. Preferably, the evaluation unit comprises at least one storage module on which data corresponding to a new energy chain are stored, preferably pre-stored. This allows for advantageously rapid detection of malfunctions in the energy chain.

[0043] Furthermore, it is proposed that the evaluation device determines the distance between successive chain links by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic and, based on a recorded instantaneous velocity, preferably compares this distance with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for wear detection. Preferably, the evaluation device determines the normalized distance between successive chain links by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic and, based on a recorded instantaneous velocity, preferably. Preferably, the evaluation device compares each determined, and especially normalized, distance with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch to detect wear on the corresponding chain links. This allows for advantageously precise wear detection of an energy chain.

[0044] Furthermore, it is proposed that the evaluation unit outputs a maintenance recommendation based on the evaluation, particularly as a function of a currently recorded interval between periodic characteristics. The maintenance recommendation can be output, for example, to a higher-level computer. Preferably, the evaluation unit has an output module, which is, for example, connected to a higher-level system via data transmission and / or can be configured as an optical, acoustic, and / or haptic output module. The output module can also be configured, for example, for acoustic output. Preferably, the output module is configured at least partially as a display and / or partially as a loudspeaker. The maintenance recommendation can be output, for example, as an acoustic alarm tone. Additionally or alternatively, the maintenance recommendation can be configured as a visual alarm signal. Thus, it can be used, in particular, in addition to a data transmission message or...A message to a higher-level system may also include a beneficial visual and / or acoustic maintenance recommendation.

[0045] Furthermore, it is proposed that the sensor arrangement and the evaluation unit detect a plurality of consecutive chain links for section-by-section wear detection. Preferably, the sensor arrangement is designed to continuously or permanently monitor the energy chain during a process or during operation of the energy chain, in particular to continuously detect at least one characteristic of the chain links. Advantageously, continuous monitoring of the chain links can be achieved.

[0046] Furthermore, a method or process is proposed for indirect wear detection on the energy supply chain.

[0047] The method is based on a method for indirect wear detection on an energy chain, for guiding at least one conductor, such as a cable, hose or the like, between a stationary fixed point and a relatively movable carrier, wherein the energy chain is movable, forming a stationary lower run, a movable upper run and a deflection arc in between, and the energy chain is in particular designed and arranged with a sliding upper run, wherein a preferably stationary sensor arrangement is provided and an evaluation device is provided which is connected to the sensor arrangement via signal technology.

[0048] It is proposed that the sensor arrangement comprises at least two sensors, each arranged and configured such that the sensors generate corresponding output signals depending on at least one feature that occurs periodically during the operation of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, in particular repeatably according to the chain pitch of the energy chain. that in at least one process step, the sensor arrangement generates corresponding output signals depending on at least one such feature that occurs periodically or repeatedly during the process of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, in particular according to the chain pitch of the energy chain, which are evaluated by the evaluation device, and that the evaluation device records and evaluates the temporal behavior of the output signals of the individual sensors.

[0049] Preferably, in at least one process step, the sensor arrangement generates corresponding output signals depending on the at least one feature that occurs periodically during the movement (especially planned movement) of the energy chain relative to the sensor arrangement, particularly corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain, and which is detectable. These output signals are then evaluated by the evaluation unit. Preferably, in at least one process step, the sensor arrangement monitors the energy chain as it moves past the sensor arrangement. Preferably, in at least one process step, the sensor arrangement generates an output signal each time the at least one feature is detected at a chain link. Preferably, in at least one process step, at least each output signal is sent to the evaluation unit.Preferably, in at least one process step, a continuous output signal is sent to the evaluation device, which assumes a defined value depending on the presence of at least one feature and otherwise assumes a basic value.

[0050] Furthermore, it is proposed that the sensors be arranged at intervals in the direction of travel and that, in at least one process step, each sensor in the sensor arrangement detects the presence of passing crossbars, in particular as at least one feature of the energy chain, and outputs a corresponding signal. Advantageously, long-term, uninterrupted detection of at least one feature of the energy chain can be achieved.

[0051] Furthermore, it is proposed that capacitive proximity sensors be used as the sensors in the sensor arrangement in at least one process step. This enables advantageously fast, and in particular high-resolution, monitoring of the energy chain.

[0052] Furthermore, it is proposed that the at least two sensors of the sensor arrangement detect a feature that depends on the chain pitch. Preferably, a third sensor can be provided, the output signal of which is used, e.g., directly or indirectly, for driving direction detection.

[0053] Preferably, at least two sensors of the sensor arrangement are used in at least one process step, and / or two sensors of the sensor arrangement are used which are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal (new) chain pitch. Two chain links can be detected simultaneously in order to advantageously monitor the distance between the two chain links.

[0054] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the sensor arrangement be used which is stationary next to the fixed point in the direction of travel of the energy chain. Advantageous monitoring of the upper run can be achieved during the movement of the energy chain.

[0055] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the evaluation unit determines the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links from the temporal behavior of the output signals of individual sensors. Preferably, in at least one process step, the evaluation unit determines the temporal behavior of the output signals of the sensor arrangement, in particular of individual sensors, and / or determines the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links from the output signals. Preferably, in at least one process step, the evaluation unit determines the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links from the temporal behavior of the output signals, in particular of individual sensors, of the sensor arrangement.Preferably, in at least one process step, the evaluation unit determines the distances between individual chain links, particularly those normalized to speed, from the output signals, and especially from the temporal behavior of the output signals, particularly those of individual sensors, of the sensor arrangement. This enables advantageously fast, and especially high-resolution, monitoring of the energy chain.

[0056] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the evaluation unit analyzes the output signals of the sensor arrangement, particularly those of individual sensors, for deviations from a pre-stored behavior of a new energy chain. Preferably, in at least one process step, the evaluation unit compares at least one, preferably speed-normalized, distance between individual chain links with pre-stored distances of a new energy chain. This allows for advantageous speed-independent monitoring of the wear of an energy chain, particularly at the chain links that are known to be most susceptible to wear.

[0057] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the evaluation unit determines the distance between successive chain links by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic and based on a recorded instantaneous velocity, and preferably compares this distance with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for wear detection. This allows for advantageously rapid detection of malfunctions in the energy chain.

[0058] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, the evaluation unit issues a maintenance recommendation based on the evaluation, particularly as a function of a currently recorded interval between periodic characteristics. Advantageously, this maintenance recommendation can be visual and / or audible.

[0059] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one process step, a plurality of consecutive chain links are detected by means of a sensor arrangement and evaluation unit for section-by-section wear detection. Advantageously continuous monitoring of the chain links can be achieved. Further details and advantages of the individual aspects of the invention can be found, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the following explanation of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Features with corresponding or identical structure or function have corresponding reference numerals and are not described again if necessary. The following are shown: FIG.1 : a side view of an energy chain with a sliding upper run; FIG.2 :a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a system with a sensor arrangement with multiple sensors that detect the presence of passing crossbeams of the energy chain. FIG.3 : Schematic representation of a sensor arrangement for multiple sensors with a perforated grid for different chain types; FIG.4A-4D : show the temporal behavior of the individual sensors as the energy supply chain passes by; and FIG.5 : shows a schematic representation of a method according to the invention.

[0060] The FIG. 1-4 This demonstrates an implementation of the basic principle for determining wear, e.g., through increasing bolt-bore play in the joint connection of the chain links, by calculating the difference in distance between the opening webs or cross webs during tensile and compressive movements of the energy chain. The opening web distance corresponds to the time between the detection of two opening webs at the measured instantaneous velocity.

[0061] FIG.1 Figure 1 shows an energy chain 12 (hereinafter referred to as EFK). One end 13 of the EFK 12 is movable along a longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, in particular reciprocating, especially relative to at least one other end 17 of the EFK 12. A stationary fixed point 16 of the EFK 12 is arranged at one end 17 of the EFK 12. A driver 18 of the EFK 12 is arranged at the other end 13 of the EFK 12. The driver 18 forms one end 13 of the EFK 12. The EFK 12 is arranged such that, when the driver 18 of the EFK 12 moves, the EFK 12 forms at least three different sections 20, 22, 24, which in the example shown correspond to the lower run, the deflection loop, and the upper run.

[0062] One of the three sections 20, 22, 24 is a stationary lower run 21, which extends from the end 17, where the stationary fixed point 16 is located, of the EFK 12 to a deflection bend 23 and which is formed by a portion of the EFK 12 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12. The section 20 of the EFK 12, which forms the stationary lower run 21, is stationary only with respect to the end 17, where the stationary fixed point 16 is located. One of the three sections 20, 22, 24 is a movable upper run 25, which extends from the end 13, where the driver 18 is located, of the EFK 12 to the deflection bend 23 and which is formed by a portion of the EFK 12 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12. The upper trum 25 is slidably mounted on the lower trum 21.One of the three areas 20, 22, 24 is a deflection bend 23 arranged between the stationary lower run 21 and the movable upper run 25, which forms a 180° bend of the EFK 12.

[0063] However, the invention can also be readily applied to an EFK 12 with a movable lower section 21 and a stationary upper section 25.

[0064] The EFK 12 has a largely known structure for guiding one or more lines, such as cables, hoses, or the like. The EFK 12 comprises a plurality of chain links 26, which are articulated to one another transversely to the longitudinal axis 14. Only three chain links 26 are shown with a reference numeral as an example. The EFK 12 has a movable end 13 on which the driver 18 is located. The EFK 12 has a fixed chain end 25, which is rigidly flanged to a base 11 of an external support structure, which is usually stationary. In an active state, the driver 18 moves back and forth along the longitudinal axis 14, in particular to the left and right. FIG.1 , relative to the stationary fixed point 16. The driver 18 is, for example, a movable connection point in a machine that is to be supplied with energy, data, and / or media. The base 11 usually forms the fixed connection point. The driver 18 could alternatively also be vertically movable or travel along two axes. The EFK 12 forms a deflection arc 23, which moves in accordance with the driver's movement. The deflection arc 23 is defined, for example, by a deflection pulley, or more commonly by angle-limiting stops of the chain links 26.

[0065] FIG.2 Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a system, generally designated 10, for indirect wear detection on the EFK 12. The system 10 comprises as its main components: an EFK 12, an evaluation unit 30, and a sensor arrangement 28 mounted on the EFK 12. The arrangement of the three sensors 18, 18', 18" of the sensor arrangement 28 is shown in Figure 1. FIG.2 This is purely an example. The arrangement of the three sensors 18, 18', 18" of the sensor arrangement 28 is shown in more detail in FIG.3 described. The sensor arrangement 28 is connected to the evaluation unit 30 via signal technology.

[0066] FIG.2 Figure 1 shows in particular the system for indirect wear detection on the EFK 12. The EFK 12 is designed to guide at least one line 19, such as a cable, hose, or the like. The EFK 12 is designed to guide at least one line 19 between the stationary fixed point 16 and a relatively movable carrier 18. The EFK 12 is movable, forming a stationary lower run 21, a movable upper run 25, and a deflection bend 23 between them. The EFK 12 is designed and arranged on the sliding upper run 25 of the lower run.

[0067] System 10 comprises a stationary sensor arrangement 28 and an evaluation unit 30, which is connected to the sensor arrangement via a signal connection. The sensor arrangement is configured and configured to generate corresponding output signals, which the evaluation unit evaluates, depending on at least one characteristic that occurs periodically, particularly according to the chain pitch of the EFK 12, during the movement, in particular the movement, of the EFK 12 relative to the sensor arrangement. System 10 is designed for indirect wear detection on the chain links 26 of the EFK 12. The EFK 12 has, by way of example, more than twenty chain links 26, all of which are identical in design. System 10 is designed for the indirect wear detection of the EFK 12 between the stationary fixed point 16 of the EFK 12 and a relative movable driver 18 of the EFK 12.

[0068] System 10 includes sensor arrangement 28, which is stationary opposite EFK 12. System 10 includes evaluation unit 30. Evaluation unit 30 is connected to sensor arrangement 28 for signal transmission.

[0069] The sensor arrangement 28 transmits, for example, a continuous signal to the evaluation unit 30, for example in real time or as a periodic signal with a transmission frequency of at least 20 Hz. The sensor arrangement 28 is arranged and configured, depending on at least one feature 32 of the EFK 12, to generate corresponding output signals 34, which the evaluation unit 30 evaluates (see figure). Fig. 4A bis 4D ).

[0070] The sensor arrangement 28 is configured to generate corresponding output signals 34, depending on at least one feature of the EFK 12, and to send them to the evaluation unit 30. Feature 32 of the EFK 12 occurs periodically, particularly according to the chain pitch of the EFK 12, when the EFK 12 is moved relative to the sensor arrangement 28. Feature 32 of the EFK 12 is a feature 32 that occurs at each chain link 26 of the EFK 12, particularly at the same position on each chain link 26. Feature 32 of the EFK 12 can be detected periodically, particularly according to the chain pitch of the EFK 12, when the EFK 12 is moved relative to the sensor arrangement 28. For example, feature 32 of the EFK 12 is configured as a sub-element of each chain link 26. Feature 32 of the EFK 12 is exemplified here as a crossbar 36 on the chain links 26.The sensor arrangement 28 is configured to monitor the EFK 12, in particular feature 32 of the EFK 12, preferably of each chain link 26 of the EFK 12, during the movement of the EFK 12. The sensor arrangement 28 comprises three sensors 38, 39, 40, which are configured to detect feature 32 of the EFK 12 during the movement of the EFK 12. The sensors 38, 39, 40 are designed as capacitive proximity sensors. The sensors 38, 39, 40 of the sensor arrangement 28 are all functionally identical and of the same construction.

[0071] The evaluation unit 30 is designed to determine a distance 42 between two chain links 26 of the EFK 12 from the output signals 34 which the evaluation unit 30 receives from the sensor arrangement 28 (see Fig. 4A-4D The evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the instantaneous velocity of, for example, individual chain links 26 of the EFK 12 from the output signals 34 that the evaluation unit 30 receives from the sensor arrangement 28. The evaluation unit 30 is configured to normalize the determined distances 42 between each pair of chain links 26 using the determined instantaneous velocities of the chain links 26. The evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the wear condition of the EFK 12, in particular of the chain links of the EFK 12, from determined, and in particular normalized, distances 42 of the chain links 26 of the EFK 12. The evaluation unit 30 can additionally be configured to determine a change in the instantaneous velocity of the chain links 26 of the EFK 12 from the output signals 34 that the evaluation unit 30 receives from the sensor arrangement 28.D The evaluation device 30 can additionally be designed to determine a wear condition of the EFK 12, in particular of the chain links of the EFK 12, from determined changes in the instantaneous speed of the chain links 26 of the EFK 12.

[0072] The sensor arrangement 28 comprises several sensors 38, 39, 40 spaced apart from each other in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12, in particular along the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, and is arranged such that each of the sensors 38, 39, 40 detects the presence of passing crossbars 36, in particular as the at least one feature 32 of the EFK 12, and outputs a corresponding output signal 34.

[0073] The sensor arrangement 28 comprises three sensors 38, 39, 40, which are spaced apart from one another in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12, in particular along the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, in particular two of which are partially offset from one another in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12 and one of which is completely offset from the others in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12. The direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12 is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12.

[0074] Each of the sensors 38, 38, 40 detects the presence of the feature 32, for example, passing crossbeams 36, of the EFK 12. Each of the sensors 38, 38, 40 outputs a corresponding output signal 34 to the detected presence or absence of the feature 32, for example, the passing crossbeam 36, of the EFK 12 (see Fig. 4A-4D ).

[0075] At least two sensors 38, 39, 40 are provided and / or two sensors 38, 39, 40 are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal, in particular with regard to a new, chain pitch (see Fig. 3 , 4A-4D The sensor arrangement 28 comprises at least two sensors 38, 40, which are arranged offset from each other along the direction of travel 15, in particular along the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, at a distance 44 corresponding to the nominal chain pitch, in particular with respect to a new chain. Various connection interfaces are provided on the sensor arrangement for one of the three sensors 38, 39, 40, depending on the type of energy chain the sensor arrangement 28 is to monitor. The three sensors 38, 39, 40 are arranged offset from each other such that when the EFK moves over the sensor arrangement 28, one sensor always generates an output signal that differs from the base signal. Here, the base signal is represented by example as "0" and the output signal by "1". Here, the signal, in particular the output signal, of the sensors 38, 39, 40 is represented by example as binary.

[0076] System 10, for example, includes the EFK 12 for indirect wear detection on the EFK 12. The geometric centers of two sensors 38, 40 are arranged offset from each other along the direction of travel 15, in particular along the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, at a distance 44 corresponding to the nominal chain pitch, in particular with regard to a new chain (see figure). Fig. 4A-4D ).

[0077] The sensor arrangement 28 is stationary next to the fixed point 16 in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12. The sensor arrangement 28 is stationary connected to the support structure, in particular a rail unit 46 (see figure). Fig. 2 The sensor arrangement 28 is positioned next to the fixed point 16 for monitoring the upper run 25 of the EFK 12 in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12. The stationary fixed point 16 of the EFK 12 is located on the lower run 21 of the EFK 12. The sensor arrangement 28 is positioned offset from the stationary fixed point 16 in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12, particularly along the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12. The rail unit 46 has two rails aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the EFK 12, on which the EFK 12 is mounted and to which the sensor arrangement 28 is connected. The stationary fixed point 16 of the EFK 12 is connected to the rail unit 46, offset from the sensor arrangement 28 along a longitudinal axis 47 of the rail unit.

[0078] The evaluation device 30 is designed to detect, in particular determine, the temporal behavior of the output signals 34 of the sensor arrangement 28, in particular of individual sensors 38, 39, 40, and / or to detect, in particular determine, the instantaneous speed of individual chain links 26 from the output signals 34.

[0079] The evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the wear condition of a connection between two adjacent chain links 26 from the distances 42, particularly in combination with the instantaneous velocities. The evaluation unit 30 is configured to evaluate the output signals 34 of the sensor arrangement 28 for deviations from a pre-stored behavior of a new EFK 12. The evaluation unit 30 has a memory module on which data with reference values ​​corresponding to a new EFK 12 are stored, particularly pre-stored. The evaluation unit 30 is configured to determine the distance 42 between successive chain links 26 by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic 32 and, based on a respective instantaneous velocity, and preferably to compare this distance with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for wear detection.The evaluation unit 30 is designed to determine the normalized distance 42 between successive chain links 26 by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic 32 and, based on a recorded instantaneous velocity, the distance 42. The evaluation unit 30 is designed to compare each determined, and in particular normalized, distance 42 with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch to detect wear on the corresponding chain links 26.

[0080] The evaluation unit 30 is designed to issue a maintenance recommendation based on the evaluation, in particular on the currently recorded interval 42 between periodic characteristics 32. The evaluation unit 30 has an output module 48, which is designed as both an optical and acoustic output module 48. The output module 48 is partly designed as a display and partly as a loudspeaker. The maintenance recommendation is partly designed as an acoustic alarm tone. The maintenance recommendation is partly designed as a visual alarm signal.

[0081] The sensor arrangement 28 and the evaluation unit 30 are designed to detect a plurality of consecutive chain links 26 for section-by-section wear detection. The sensor arrangement 28 is designed to continuously monitor the EFK 12 during a process of the EFK 12, in particular to detect at least one feature 32 of the chain links 26.

[0082] FIG.5 schematically shows an exemplary sequence of procedure 50 for indirect wear detection on an EFK 12.

[0083] Procedure 50 has as its essential step a single continuous procedure step 52. For the sake of simplicity, the continuous procedure step 52, which simultaneously and repetitively or continuously repeats its steps, will below be explained as two separate sub-steps in an example sequence.

[0084] In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, the sensor arrangement 28 monitors the EFK 12 as it moves past the sensor arrangement 28. In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, the sensor arrangement 28 generates an output signal 34 each time the feature 32 is detected at a chain link 26. In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, each generated output signal is sent to the evaluation unit 30. In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, a continuous output signal 34 is sent to the evaluation unit 30, which assumes a defined value, for example "1", depending on the presence of the feature 32, and otherwise assumes a base value, for example "0". In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, capacitive proximity sensors are used as sensors 38, 39, 40 of the sensor arrangement 28.In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, the presence of passing crossbars 36, in particular as the feature 32, of the EFK 12 is detected by each sensor 38, 39, 40 of the sensor arrangement 28 and a corresponding output signal 34 is output. In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, at least two sensors 38, 39, 40 of the sensor arrangement 28 are used and / or two sensors 38, 39, 40 of the sensor arrangement 28 are used, which are arranged at a distance 44 corresponding to the nominal (new) chain pitch. In a process step, in particular a detection step 54, the sensor arrangement 28 is used which is arranged stationary next to the fixed point 16 in the direction of travel 15 of the EFK 12.

[0085] In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation device 30 detects the temporal behavior of the output signals 34 of the sensor arrangement 28, in particular of individual sensors 38, 39, 40, and / or the evaluation device 30 determines the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links 26 from the output signals 34. In a process step, in particular the evaluation step 56, the evaluation device 30 determines the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links 26 from the temporal behavior of the output signals 34, in particular of individual sensors 38, 39, 40, of the sensor arrangement 28.In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation device 30 determines the distances 42 of individual chain links 26 to one another, preferably speed-normalized, from the output signals 34, and in particular from the temporal behavior of the output signals 34, especially from individual sensors 38, 39, 40, of the sensor arrangement 28. In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation device 30 evaluates the output signals 34 of the sensor arrangement 28 for deviations from a pre-stored behavior of a new EFK 12. In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation device 30 compares at least one, preferably speed-normalized, distance 42 of individual chain links 26 to one another with pre-stored distances 44 of a new EFK 12.In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation unit 30 determines the distance 42 between successive chain links 26 by measuring time intervals between the acquisition of the periodic characteristic 32 and based on a recorded instantaneous velocity, and in particular compares this distance with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for the purpose of wear detection. In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, the evaluation unit 30 issues a maintenance recommendation depending on the evaluation, in particular as a function of a currently acquired distance 42 between periodic characteristics 42.

[0086] In a process step, in particular an evaluation step 56, a plurality of successive chain links 26 are detected by sensor arrangement 28 and evaluation device 30 for section-wise wear detection.

[0087] In a process step, in particular the continuous repetition step 52, the sensor arrangement 28 generates corresponding output signals depending on the at least one feature that occurs periodically during the process, in particular planned movement, of the EFK 12 relative to the sensor arrangement 28, in particular according to the chain pitch of the EFK 12, and is in particular detectable, which are evaluated by the evaluation device 30. Bezugszeichenliste

[0088] 10System 11Base 12Energy chain (EFK) 13End 14Longitudinal axis 15Travel direction 16Fixed point 17End 18Driver 20Area 21Lower run 22Area 23Deflection bend 24Area 25Upper run 26Chain link 28Sensor arrangement 30Evaluation device 32Feature 34Output signal 36Crossbar 38Sensor 39Sensor 40Sensor 42Distance 44Distance 46Rail unit 48Output module 50Procedure 52Duration 54Detection step 56Evaluation step

Claims

1. System (10) for indirect wear identification on an energy chain (12), for guiding at least one line (19), such as e.g. a cable, hose or the like, between a stationary fixed point (16) and a driver (18) mobile relative thereto, wherein the energy chain (12) is movable, forming a stationary lower run (21), a movable upper run (25) and, in between, a deflecting arc (23), and the energy chain (12) is in particular implemented and arranged with a sliding upper run (25), the system (10) comprising a sensor arrangement (28) preferably arranged stationary and an evaluation device (30), which is signal-connected to the sensor arrangement (28), characterized in that the sensor arrangement (28) comprises at least two sensors (38, 39, 40), which are in each case arranged and set up such that, depending on at least one feature which occurs or is detectable repeating periodically, in particular corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain (12), during movement of the energy chain (12) relative to the sensor arrangement (28), each of the sensors respectively detecting the presence of the at least one feature of the energy chain, the sensors (38, 39, 40) generate corresponding output signals (34), which the evaluation device (30) evaluates, and in that the evaluation device (30) is set up in order to detect and evaluate the temporal behaviour of the output signals (34) of the individual sensors (38, 39, 40).

2. System (10) according to claim 1, wherein the sensors (38, 39, 40) are spaced apart from each other in the movement direction (15), and arranged and set up such that each of the sensors (38, 39, 40) detects the presence of passing cross bars (36) of the energy chain (12) and outputs a corresponding output signal (34).

3. System (10) according to claim 2, wherein the sensors (38, 39, 40) are implemented as capacitive proximity sensors.

4. System (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein at least two sensors (38, 39, 40) of the sensor arrangement (28) are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal (like-new) chain pitch and / or are arranged and set up to detect a feature which is dependent on the chain pitch.

5. System (10) according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the sensor arrangement (28) is arranged stationary next to the fixed point in the movement direction (15) of the energy chain (12).

6. System (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein i) the evaluation device (30) detects the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links (26) from the temporal behaviour of the output signals (34); and / or wherein the evaluation device (30) comprises three sensors (38, 39, 40), wherein two sensors of the sensor arrangement (28) are arranged at a distance corresponding to the nominal chain pitch and a third sensor is provided for identifying the direction of travel; and / or ii) the evaluation device (30) evaluates the output signals (34) of the sensor arrangement (28) for deviations from a prestored behaviour of a like-new energy chain (12).

7. System (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the evaluation device (30) determines the distance (42) between successive chain links (26) by measuring time intervals between the periodic feature (32) being detected and with reference to an instantaneous velocity detected in each case and preferably compares this with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for the purpose of wear identification, in particular wherein the evaluation device (30) outputs a maintenance recommendation depending on the evaluation, in particular as a function of a currently detected distance between periodic features (32).

8. System (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein sensor arrangement (28) and evaluation device (30) detect a plurality of successive chain links (26) for wear identification in sections.

9. Process (50) for indirect wear identification on an energy chain (12), for guiding at least one line (19), such as e.g. a cable, hose or the like, between a stationary fixed point (16) and a driver (18) mobile relative thereto, wherein the energy chain (12) is movable, forming a stationary lower run (21), a movable upper run (25) and, in between, a deflecting arc (23), and the energy chain (12) is in particular implemented and arranged with a sliding upper run (25), wherein a sensor arrangement (28) preferably arranged stationary is provided and an evaluation device (30), which is signal-connected to the sensor arrangement (28), is provided, characterized in that the sensor arrangement (28) comprises at least two sensors (38, 39, 40), which are in each case arranged and set up such that, depending on at least one feature which occurs repeating periodically, in particular corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain (12), during movement of the energy chain (12) relative to the sensor arrangement (28), each of the sensors respectively detecting the presence of the at least one feature of the energy chain, the sensors (38, 39, 40) generate corresponding output signals (34), - in that in at least one process step, depending on at least one such feature (32) which occurs or is detectable repeating periodically, in particular corresponding to the chain pitch of the energy chain (12), during movement of the energy chain (32) relative to the sensor arrangement (28), corresponding output signals (34), which are evaluated by the evaluation device (30), are generated by the sensor arrangement (28) and - in that the evaluation device (30) detects and evaluates the temporal behaviour of the output signals (34) of the individual sensors (38, 39, 40).

10. Process (50) according to claim 9, wherein the sensors (38, 39, 40) are arranged spaced apart from each other in the movement direction (15) and in at least one process step the presence of passing cross bars (36) of the energy chain (12), in particular as the at least one feature (32), is detected by each sensor (38, 39, 40) of the sensor arrangement (28) and a corresponding output signal (34) is output.

11. Process (50) according to claim 10, wherein in at least one process step capacitive proximity sensors are used as the sensors (38, 39, 40) of the sensor arrangement (28).

12. Process (50) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein a) the at least two sensors (38, 39, 40) of the sensor arrangement (28) detect a feature which is dependent on the chain pitch and a third sensor is preferably provided, the output signal of which is utilized for identifying the direction of travel; and / or b) the sensor arrangement (28) is arranged stationary next to the fixed point (16) in the movement direction (15) of the energy chain (12).

13. Process (50) according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein c) in at least one process step the evaluation device (30) detects the instantaneous velocity of individual chain links (26) from the temporal behaviour of the output signals (34) of individual sensors (38, 39, 40); and / or d) in at least one process step the output signals (34) of the sensor arrangement (28), in particular of individual sensors (38, 39, 40), are evaluated for deviations from a prestored behaviour of a like-new energy chain (12) by the evaluation device (30).

14. Process (50) according to one of claims 9 to 13, wherein in at least one process step the distance (42) between successive chain links (26) is determined by the evaluation device (30) by measuring time intervals between the periodic feature (32) being detected and with reference to an instantaneous velocity detected in each case and is preferably compared with a predetermined, nominal chain pitch for the purpose of wear identification, in particular wherein in at least one process step a maintenance recommendation is output by the evaluation device (30) depending on the evaluation, in particular as a function of a currently detected distance (42) between periodic features.

15. Process (50) according to one of claims 9 to 14, wherein in at least one process step a plurality of successive chain links (26) are detected by sensor arrangement (28) and evaluation device (30) for wear identification in sections.