Tear-off prevention element and tear-off prevention device, system comprising the tear-off prevention element, watercraft, method for securing with the tear-off prevention element

Abstract

The invention relates to a tear-off protection element (10) for securing a device (20) elastically mounted on a ship's hull (14) by means of at least one damper (22) in the event of a defect in the damper (22). The tear-off protection element (10) comprises a wire rope (38) with a first end section (30) and a second end section (32), wherein one of the end sections (30, 32), in particular the first end section (30), has a bolt opening (44) for receiving a bolt (46) and an elastomer component (42), wherein the elastomer component (42) is designed for the elastic connection or mounting of the bolt (46) on the wire rope (38). The invention further relates to a system (17), a watercraft (15) having one or more systems (17), and a method for securing a device (20) with a tear-off protection element (10).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a tear-off protection element and a tear-off protection device comprising the tear-off protection element for securing devices of a watercraft, in particular a ship, which are elastically mounted on the hull, e.g., with a damper or a vibration damper. In this sense, the tear-off protection element and the tear-off protection device generally serve to secure a device elastically mounted on a hull with at least one damper, particularly in the event of a defect in the damper.

[0002] The invention further relates to a system comprising a breakaway securing element and a device. Using the system, the device can be attached to the hull of a vessel, in particular to a watercraft. Furthermore, the invention relates to a watercraft having the system and a method for securing a device elastically mounted by a damper with the breakaway securing element.

[0003] The prior art discloses devices in ships that are attached to the hull with dampers for structure-borne sound isolation. Accordingly, these include, in particular—but not exclusively—devices that themselves generate vibrations, such as generators, motors, or the like; these can be connected to the hull via dampers.

[0004] Dampers are known, for example, from EP 3 214 399 B1, which describes an ammunition elevator for a military ship. In the resting position, the elevator is held on a shaft foundation by sound-absorbing rubber mats to reduce structure-borne noise between the elevator car and the ship's hull. DE 10 2019 120 986 A1 describes how a guide rail of such an elevator is mounted on the ship's hull via elastic bearing elements.

[0005] Dampers generally serve to decouple structure-borne noise from the ship's hull, which is caused by vibrations in a device. Structure-borne noise is sound that propagates through a solid body and, without decoupling, for example, from the ship's hull, leads to vibrations in the hull.

[0006] In addition, heavy systems (such as machinery or equipment in general) that could be subject to shock loads should be secured against displacement. Shock loads can occur on ships or other watercraft due to, among other things, heavy seas, as well as other unexpected, potentially hazardous situations.

[0007] In general, so-called "captive devices" in the sense of snap-in devices are known from other technical fields to secure loads against displacement (one example is the seat belt in a car); however, these are generally not or only partially practical for ship hulls or watercraft in general.

[0008] In addition, the aforementioned or other sound propagating in the ship's hull due to vibrations, loads, or shock loads can be perceived tactilely and thus be disruptive. Furthermore, sound propagating in the ship's hull can also lead to vibrations that result in airborne or waterborne sound being emitted, which becomes clearly audible, especially in the case of a large body such as a ship's hull. In any case, the propagation of structure-borne sound in the ship's hull is undesirable or even harmful or disruptive. Avoiding structure-borne sound can even be a prerequisite for meeting various requirements. For example, in the military sector, sonar detection of ships using passive sonar should be avoided wherever possible, although strong structure-borne sound can counteract this.

[0009] Therefore, dampers or vibration isolators are commonly used between oscillating, vibrating, or loaded or potentially loaded equipment and the ship's hull to secure the equipment to the hull. This particularly applies to heavy equipment such as machinery or equipment.

[0010] The hull refers to the basic structure of a ship, which includes, for example, the hull, frames, decks and superstructure.

[0011] According to the current state of the art, dampers are usually designed as dampers with an elastomer, such as rubber. Such a damper, also called a vibration damper, is arranged between two connecting elements, with the two connecting elements being connected to the ship's hull on one side and to the equipment on the other. A rubber element in the rubber damper prevents the transmission of structure-borne noise from one connecting element to the other.

[0012] However, such rubber elements are subject to aging and general fatigue, for example due to temperature fluctuations or stress. Accordingly, wear, damage, or even destruction of a damper, particularly destruction due to extraordinary events (such as a fire), can lead to the connection between the device and the ship's hull becoming loose. This can then cause the device to shift uncontrollably, for example due to a list of the ship. Therefore, the dampers typically feature locking elements consisting of a bolt encased in the rubber, which, through positive locking elements, essentially holds the device in position—even when the rubber component becomes fatigued.

[0013] With conventional dampers that feature integrated securing elements, there is also the problem that the securing elements, which are designed as bolts, can cause the bolts to shear off, especially when subjected to frequently recurring transverse forces. Furthermore, the maximum displacement capability of the bolt solution is subject to significant space limitations.

[0014] Such securing elements are therefore unreliable under prolonged stress. This can only be counteracted by a solid design of the bolts, which would then require an oversized damper to continue to provide the necessary structure-borne sound insulation.

[0015] It is desirable to have a measure that largely prevents structure-borne noise and that also applies in the event of a defective damper.

[0016] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device and a method that address the problems of the prior art. In particular, the uncontrolled displacement of devices elastically mounted on a ship's hull should be reliably prevented in the event of a defective damper. This should preferably be possible without having to oversize a damper. Preferably, an alternative to the prior art should be found.

[0017] To this end, the invention relates to a tear-off protection element according to claim 1.

[0018] The object relating to the device is achieved in a first aspect by a tear-off protection element according to claim 1, i.e., a tear-off protection element for securing a device elastically mounted on a ship's hull by means of at least one damper. The tear-off protection element engages reliably, particularly in the event of a defect in the damper. The tear-off protection element comprises: a wire rope having a first end section for articulated mounting on a hull connecting element connectable to the hull, and a second end section for articulated mounting on a device connecting element connectable to the device. One of the end sections, in particular the first end section, has a bolt aperture for receiving a bolt and an elastomer component. The elastomer component is designed to elastically mount the bolt on the wire rope.

[0019] Accordingly, the invention relates to a tear-off protection element for securing a device on a ship's hull, in particular on a watercraft such as a ship.

[0020] The device is attached to a ship's hull with at least one elastic mounting, such as a damper, also called a vibration damper or oscillation damper. The breakaway element serves to secure the device in the event of a failure of the damper's elastic mounting.

[0021] A hull refers to the parts of a watercraft that do not serve as fittings or equipment, but rather form the framework of the vessel. The term hull therefore includes the hull, frames, decks, and superstructure of a watercraft.

[0022] The break protection element comprises a wire rope with a first end section and a second end section. The first end section is configured to be pivotally mounted on a ship hull connection element. The ship hull connection element corresponds to a connection element connectable to a ship hull.

[0023] The second end section is configured to be pivotally mounted on a device connection element. The device connection element corresponds to a connection element configured to be connected to the device. The device is, for example, a machine element that generates vibrations or oscillations and preferably comprises an engine or a generator of the ship.

[0024] One of the two end sections, in particular the first end section, comprises a bolt opening for receiving a bolt. Accordingly, a bolt opening is provided through which a bolt can be passed. The bolt opening is thus configured for the passage of a bolt. Furthermore, the end section, in particular the first end section, comprises an elastomer component. The elastomer component is configured to elastically mount the bolt on the end section.

[0025] Accordingly, a wire rope is provided that can be connected to a hull connecting element on the one hand and to a facility connecting element on the other. The wire rope has a bolt opening at one end section for connection to the hull connecting element, i.e., an opening for receiving a bolt.

[0026] An elastomer component at the end section enables elastic mounting of the bolt on the wire rope. The mounting preferably corresponds to a radial mounting, so that the bolt and the end section are rotatably mounted relative to each other.

[0027] Vibrations generated by the device are thus decoupled from the ship's hull by the elastomer component, preventing the wire rope from forming a structure-borne sound bridge; this structure-borne sound bridge of the wire rope would create an undesirable bypass next to the damper. The concept of the invention thus prevents a structure-borne sound bridge from the wire rope to the ship's hull by means of the elastomer component.

[0028] The invention is based on the knowledge that a wire rope can be advantageously used as a breakaway safety element for securing a device in a watercraft. Wire ropes correspond in particular to laid or braided ropes, in which wires are twisted or braided, so that a wire rope can be bent without breaking. In the event of a defective damper, a device is thus held by the breakaway safety element according to the invention with the wire rope, whereby the wire rope is tensioned depending on the force exerted on the device.

[0029] Forces along the longitudinal direction of a wire rope subjected to tensile stress, which are exerted by the device, place the greatest load on the wire rope in this longitudinal direction, and it is precisely this longitudinal direction that is the most stable for wire ropes.

[0030] Therefore, no shear forces act on the wire rope, so that a very reliable, long-lasting securing is possible even when a ship is moving frequently and the equipment is therefore moved at will.

[0031] In particular, by selecting the appropriate length of the rope, in particular a wire rope, it is also possible to specify a limit to an operational shift, or to allow a shift of any size and direction, but not beyond that. In other words, according to a further development, the rope, in particular a wire rope, has a predetermined length which leaves the wire rope tension-free in a device that is mounted as intended with one or more dampers and secured with one or more tear-off protection elements. In particular, a length of the rope is also selected such that a limit to an operational shift, in particular also a direction thereof, is specified by means of the rope, which is otherwise tension-free in the above-mentioned manner.

[0032] During further training, it was particularly recognized that the "snap-in" of so-called "captive devices" is impractical, especially in the case of shock loads that may occur at sea or generally in a ship's hull. Rather, in this training, a "snap-in" safety feature is functionally ensured by determining the cable length. The breakaway safety feature implemented in this way can "softly absorb" loads, i.e., counteract "hard landing" and thus also the propagation of structure-borne noise. In particular, this can ensure that a military vessel cannot be located.

[0033] The thickness or diameter of the wire rope can also be easily adapted to the expected forces.

[0034] In an improved manner, all requirements for a breakaway protection system can be met, but with significant improvements to enable large-scale relocations without any problems. The concept proposed here is comparatively easy to scale to different sizes, with the aforementioned advantages, and is particularly flexible in terms of its placement at the facility to be secured.

[0035] Advantageous further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and specify in detail advantageous possibilities for realizing the concept explained above within the scope of the task and with regard to further advantages.

[0036] According to a first refinement, the bolt opening corresponds to an opening within the elastomer component. The bolt opening in the elastomer component thus serves to support or hold the bolt in contact with the elastomer. According to an alternative to this refinement, the bolt opening is formed with a sleeve that is clamped or pressed into the elastomer component. The sleeve is thus in contact with the bolt to support the bolt.

[0037] Forming the bolt opening with a sleeve enables wear on the elastomer component to be reduced when the wire end moves relative to the bolt, provided the bolt is rotatably mounted in the opening. Forming the opening directly within the elastomer component, so that the bolt is in contact with the elastomer of the elastomer component, is more advantageous than using a sleeve, as the sleeve and the manufacturing step for inserting the sleeve into the elastomer component can be omitted. Furthermore, it was recognized that the breakaway element is only used in the event of a defect in the device's damper to absorb forces, so that wear due to friction between the bolt and the elastomer is negligible when the damper is functioning correctly.

[0038] According to a further development, the first end section is formed with a first wire rope eye of the wire rope. Furthermore, the first end section comprises a thimble, which encompasses the bolt aperture and the elastomer component. The first end section is thus formed by a wire rope eye, which is formed, for example, by splicing the wire rope or by means of a clamp, and a thimble arranged in the wire rope eye. The thimble encompasses the bolt aperture and the elastomer component in order to form a connection to the hull connecting element via the bolt.

[0039] A stable end section for providing a connecting element that enables structure-borne sound insulation is thus created with minimal effort. A positive connection between the first end section and the hull insurance element can also be created. Even in the event of a fire, the connection can remain intact if the elastomer component is removed by the fire.

[0040] According to a further development, the thimble in the first wire rope eye comprises a metal element clamped into the first wire rope eye. The metal element encompasses the elastomer component. The elastomer component, in turn, is clamped into the metal element. This ensures a secure hold of the elastomer component in the wire rope eye. Furthermore, the metal element prevents crushing of the elastomer component by a tensile wire rope, thus reducing wear on the elastomer component.

[0041] According to a further development, the first end section and the second end section each comprise a bolt aperture for receiving a bolt at the respective end section. Both end sections thus enable a pivotal mounting of the breakaway securing element with the hull connecting element and the equipment connecting element.

[0042] According to a further development, the second end section is formed with a second wire rope eye of the wire rope. To form the second end section, for example, the wire rope is laid in a curve and connected by splicing or clamping to form the wire rope eye. The second end section also comprises a thimble. The thimble is clamped in the wire rope eye and corresponds to a metal element. The metal element comprises the bolt opening to accommodate the bolt in contact with the metal element. The bolt is thus preferably supported or connected in the second wire rope eye by the metal element of the thimble.

[0043] The thimble of the second end section is preferably a solid metal thimble. The invention is based on the recognition that only one of the end sections needs to be designed for structure-borne sound decoupling between the ship's hull and the equipment. A solid metal thimble is therefore sufficient in the second end section without providing an elastomer component in the second end section. The second end section can thus be elastomer-free. A connection between the second end section and the equipment connecting element can also be designed in this way with a positive fit. According to an alternative development, the second end section is designed identically to the first end section.

[0044] The object relating to the device is achieved in a second aspect by a tear-off device according to claim 7. The tear-off device has a tear-off device element according to the above-mentioned concept of the invention, wherein the tear-off device comprises a hull connecting element and the hull connecting element is designed to receive a bolt for connecting the first end section, in particular comprising the bolt.

[0045] According to this development, the tear-off protection element comprises the tear-off protection element, the hull connecting element, and preferably a bolt. The hull connecting element is configured to secure the bolt for connection to the first end section, in particular to form a positive connection. In particular, the hull connecting element is formed from a metal. The bolt is preferably also made of metal.

[0046] A stable securing of the device to the hull is thus possible by the hull connecting element, the bolt and the wire rope, since the bolt ensures a positive locking through the bolt opening, i.e. through the first wire rope eye, even if the elastomer component is damaged or destroyed, for example by a fire.

[0047] According to a further development, the hull connecting element corresponds to a bearing block that has at least one, preferably two, plain or rolling bearings for supporting the bolt. The bolt can then preferably be clamped in the elastomer component.

[0048] Alternatively, the bolt can be clamped in the bearing block so that the bolt is held firmly in the bearing block and the bolt is rotatably mounted in the bolt opening of the first end.

[0049] This enables a particularly high load-bearing capacity of the breakaway safety element, namely the wire rope. Forces always place a tensile load on the wire rope, as a pivoting bearing of the wire rope serves to align the end sections and the wire rope to the force.

[0050] According to a further development, the tear-off protection element comprises the device connection element. The device connection element is configured to secure a bolt for connecting the second end section. Preferably, the bolt is also part of the tear-off protection element.

[0051] According to a further development, the second connecting element corresponds to a bearing block and has at least one, preferably two, sliding or rolling bearings for supporting the bolt. The bolt is thus rotatably mounted in the bearing block. The bolt is then clamped in the thimble of the second end section. Alternatively, the bolt is clamped in the bearing block and mounted in a sliding-rotary bearing in the bolt opening of the thimble of the second end section. This enables complete alignment of the breakaway device to the forces exerted on the breakaway device.

[0052] The object relating to the device is achieved in a third aspect by a system according to claim 11, ie a system with at least two, in particular several, tear-off protection elements and / or at least two, in particular several, tear-off protection devices, and optionally bolts.

[0053] Preferably, the device can be secured by using a plurality of tear-off protection elements in the event of a failure of the dampers of the device, so that an operational displacement of the device by the tear-off protection elements in different directions is limited by corresponding arrangements of the tear-off protection elements.

[0054] According to a further development, the system comprises a device which is secured with the plurality of tear-off protection elements.

[0055] According to a further development of the system, the system comprises several dampers for attaching the device to the ship's hull. The dampers are preferably designed without a breakaway device, i.e., without a breakaway device element.

[0056] The invention also leads to a watercraft of claim 14, namely a watercraft with the system of the aforementioned type according to the invention, in particular according to one of the aforementioned developments, or a watercraft with a breakaway protection element and / or a breakaway protection of the aforementioned type according to the invention, in particular according to one of the aforementioned developments.

[0057] The problem concerning the method is solved by a method of claim 15.

[0058] The method is designed to secure a device elastically mounted on a ship's hull by means of a damper in the event of a defect in the damper with a tear-off protection element according to the invention and / or a tear-off protection device according to the invention.

[0059] The method comprises, in one step, providing a plurality of tear-off protection elements and / or tear-off protection devices; in particular according to one of the aforementioned developments.

[0060] The method comprises, in a further step, connecting hull connecting elements of the breakaway securing elements and / or the breakaway securing devices to a hull.

[0061] In a further step, the method comprises connecting device connecting elements of the breakaway securing elements and / or the breakaway securing devices to the device of the hull or generally of the watercraft.

[0062] Preferably, the lengths of the wire ropes of the breakaway safety elements are selected so that the wire ropes are tension-free as long as a device that is elastically mounted with dampers and secured with the breakaway safety elements is mounted for operation as intended, i.e. the dampers are functional.

[0063] Embodiments of the invention will now be described below with reference to the drawings in comparison to the prior art, some of which is also shown. These are not necessarily intended to represent the embodiments to scale; rather, where useful for explanation, the drawings are schematic and / or slightly distorted. With regard to additions to the teachings immediately apparent from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that many modifications and changes to the form and detail of an embodiment can be made without departing from the general idea of ​​the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the drawings and the claims can be essential for further developing the invention, both individually and in any combination.Furthermore, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings, and / or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. The general idea of ​​the invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiment shown and described below, or to an object that would be limited compared to the object claimed in the claims. For specified dimensioning ranges, values ​​within the stated limits are also intended to be disclosed as limit values ​​and can be used and claimed as desired.

[0064] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawing, which shows: Fig. 1 shows a device in a ship's hull secured with tear-off securing elements of a system designed according to the concept of the invention, Fig. 2 shows a tear-off securing element according to a first preferred embodiment in detail in a plan view, Fig. 3 shows the tear-off securing element according to Fig. 2 in a side view, Fig. 4 the steps of a method according to the concept of the invention for securing a device to a ship's hull.

[0065] Fig. 1 shows schematically several breakaway securing elements 10 designed according to the concept of the invention, each of which is fastened to a hull 14 of a watercraft 15 by means of a hull connecting element 12. The watercraft 15 is a ship 16 as a preferred embodiment. In this respect, Fig. 1 A preferred embodiment of a system 17 with at least two tear-off securing elements 10 designed according to the concept of the invention is shown - the plurality of tear-off securing elements 10 are also referred to below as a system 17 with multiple tear-off securing elements 10. Furthermore, device connecting elements 18 of the tear-off securing elements 10 are connected to a device 20 in order to secure the device 20.

[0066] The device 20 is elastically mounted on a floor 24 of the hull 14 by means of dampers 22. The dampers 22 can also be referred to as damping elements or rubber elements. The device 20 is, for example, a generator that can generate electrical energy using fuel. In the event that the dampers 22 are defective and can no longer hold the device 20 in position, the breakaway securing elements 10 serve to secure the device 20. A breakaway securing element 10 according to one embodiment is shown in Fig. 2 shown in a schematic side view.

[0067] Fig. 2 shows a tear-off protection element 10 with a first end section 30 and a second end section 32. The first end section 30 comprises a thimble 34 with a metal element 36, which is clamped in an eye 40 formed from a wire rope 38. An elastomer component 42 is clamped in the metal element 36, which has an elastomer 43 in which a bolt opening 44 is arranged. A bolt 46, shown in a sectional view, is passed through the bolt opening 44 and is mounted on a hull connecting element 12, which corresponds to a bearing block 49.

[0068] The wire rope 38 also forms a further eye 56 in the second end section 32. A solid thimble 58 is formed in the eye 56 as a one-piece metal element 60, wherein a bolt opening 62 is also provided in the metal element 60 for the passage of a bolt 64. The bolt 64 is held in a bearing block 67 designed as a device connecting element 18. The bearing blocks 49, 67 each have screw holes 68 for connection to the hull 14 on the one hand and to the device 20 on the other.

[0069] Fig. 3 shows the tear-off protection element 10 from a top view, wherein the bearing blocks 49, 67 can be seen here, in which the bolts 46, 64 are held, which run through the bolt openings 44, 62 of the first end section 30 and the second end section 32 on the wire rope 38.

[0070] Fig. 4shows the steps for securing a device 20. In step 70, several breakaway securing elements 10 are provided. These are provided as wire ropes 38, preferably steel ropes in this case. Particularly preferably, these are designed with an appropriately adjusted length so that they are not subjected to tensile stress during operational relocation (e.g., sea swell and shock).

[0071] In step 72, the breakaway securing elements 10 are connected to a hull 14 via their hull connecting element 12. In step 74, the device connecting elements of the breakaway securing elements 10 are connected to the device 20. The ends of the cable are mounted in an articulated manner and are fastened, on the one hand, to the device 20 to be secured, i.e., to a device connecting element 18 connectable to the device 20, and, on the other hand, to the "outside world," i.e., to a hull connecting element 12 (e.g., the support foundation) connectable to the hull 14. Furthermore, the articulated mounting of the steel cable is decoupled from structure-borne noise using elastomer elements in a high-quality manner, but in such a way that a positive locking is ensured even after a fire (destruction of all elastomer elements).

[0072] In this particularly preferred manner, the device 20 to be secured is connected using breakaway safety elements 10, in this case preferably the cables, in particular steel cables. The length of the wire rope 38 of each of the breakaway safety elements 10 is thus selected such that the wire ropes 38 are tensionless when the device is properly mounted with dampers 22 and secured with the breakaway safety elements.

[0073] In the particularly preferred manner explained above, one of the end sections 30, 32, in particular the first end section 30, has a bolt opening 44 for receiving a bolt 46 and an elastomer component 42. The elastomer component 42 is designed for elastically mounting the bolt 46 on the wire rope 38.

[0074] In this improved way, all requirements for a breakaway protection can be met, but with a significant improvement in the sense that large-scale relocations of operations are possible without any problems.

[0075] In particular, this can also be ensured within the framework of updated shock standards. In principle, this ensures a high load capacity and also ensures that it is essentially the same in all spatial directions; a breakaway safety element 10, particularly in the form of a rope, is always subjected to tensile loading.

[0076] The concept proposed here also makes high-quality structure-borne sound decoupling particularly advantageous.

[0077] The concept proposed here is comparatively easy to scale to different sizes with the advantages mentioned and is particularly flexible with regard to its arrangement on the facility to be secured. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0078] 10 Breakaway elements 12 Hull connecting element 14 Hull 15 Vessel 16 Vessel 17 System 18 Equipment connecting element 20 Equipment 22 Damper 24 Floor 30 First end section 32 Second end section 34 Thimble 36 Metal element 38 Wire rope 40 Eye 42 Elastomer component 43 Elastomer 44 Bolt opening 46 Bolt 49 Bearing bracket 56 Further eye 58 Solid thimble 60 One-piece metal element 62 Bolt opening 64 Bolt 67 Bearing bracket 68 Screw holes 70 Providing breakaway elements 72 Connecting hull connecting elements of the breakaway elements to the hull 74 Connecting equipment connecting elements of the breakaway elements to the equipment

Claims

1. Tear-off protection element (10) for securing a device (20) elastically mounted on a ship's hull (14) by means of at least one damper (22), in particular in the event of a defect in the damper (22), wherein the tear-off protection element (10) comprises: - a wire rope (38) with - a first end section (30) for articulated mounting on a hull connecting element (12) connectable to the ship's hull (14), and - a second end section (32) for articulated mounting on a device connecting element (18) connectable to the device (20), wherein one of the end sections (30, 32), in particular the first end section (30), has a bolt opening (44) for receiving a bolt (46) and an elastomer component (42), wherein the elastomer component (42) is designed for elastically mounting the bolt (46) on the wire rope (38).

2. Tear-off protection element (10) according to claim 1, wherein the bolt opening (44) in the first end portion (30) corresponds to an opening within the elastomer component (42) to receive the bolt (46) in contact with the elastomer (42) or the bolt opening (44) is formed by a sleeve which is clamped into the elastomer component (42) to receive the bolt (46) in contact with the sleeve.

3. Tear-off protection element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first end section (30) is formed with a first wire rope eye (40) of the wire rope (38) and a thimble (34) of the first end section (30) comprises the bolt opening (44) and the elastomer component (42).

4. Tear-off protection element (10) according to claim 3, wherein the thimble (34) comprises a metal element (36) clamped in the wire rope eye (40), into which the elastomer component (42) is clamped.

5. Tear-off protection element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein both end sections (30, 32) have a bolt opening (44) for receiving the bolt (46) at the corresponding end sections (30, 32).

6. Tear-off protection element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second end portion (32) is formed with a second wire rope eye (56) of the wire rope (38) and comprises a thimble (58), the thimble (58) comprising a metal element (60) clamped in the wire rope eye (56) and having the bolt opening (62) to receive the bolt (64) in contact with the metal element (60).

7. Tear-off device with the tear-off device element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tear-off device comprises a hull connecting element (12) and the hull connecting element (12) is designed to receive a bolt (46) for connecting the first end section (30), in particular comprising the bolt (46).

8. Tear-off device according to claim 7, wherein the hull connecting element (12) corresponds to a bearing block (49) and has two sliding or rolling bearings for supporting the bolt (46), wherein the bolt (46) is clamped in the elastomer component (42) or the sleeve arranged in the elastomer component (42) or the bolt (46) is clamped in the bearing block (49) and is mounted, preferably slidingly and rotary-mounted, in the bolt opening (44) of the first end section (30).

9. A breakaway device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the breakaway device comprises the device connecting element (18) and the device connecting element (18) is configured to secure a bolt (64) for connecting the second end portion (32).

10. Tear-off protection according to claim 9, wherein the device connecting element (18) corresponds to a bearing block (67) and has two sliding or rolling bearings for supporting the bolt (64) and the bolt (64) is clamped in the thimble (58) of the second end section (32) or the bolt (64) is clamped in the bearing block (67) and mounted, in particular sliding-rotary mounted, in the bolt opening (62).

11. System (17) with at least two tear-off protection elements (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6 and / or at least two tear-off protection devices according to one of claims 7 to 10 and, optionally, bolts (46).

12. System (17) according to claim 11 with a device (20), wherein the device (20) is connected by means of the device connecting elements (18) of the breakaway safety device and bolts (46), wherein the breakaway safety elements (10) are dimensioned such that the wire ropes (38) of the breakaway safety elements (10) are tension-free during an elastic mounting of the device with dampers.

13. System (17) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the system comprises a plurality of dampers (22) with which the device (20) can be fastened to the hull (14).

14. Watercraft (15) with one or more systems (17) according to one of claims 11 to 13.

15. A method for securing a device (20) elastically mounted with a damper with a tear-off protection element (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6 and / or a tear-off protection according to one of claims 7 to 10, comprising the steps: - providing (70) a plurality of tear-off protection elements (10) and / or tear-off protection devices, - connecting (72) hull connecting elements (12) of the tear-off protection elements (10) and / or the tear-off protection devices to a hull (14), and - connecting (74) device connecting elements (18) of the tear-off protection elements (10) to a device (20) of the hull (14), in particular of the watercraft (15).

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, in particular during provision (70) or connection (72, 74) or thereto or thereafter, the lengths of the wire rope (38) of each of the tear-off protection elements (10) are selected, in particular adjusted, such that - the wire ropes (38) are tensionless when the device is mounted as intended with dampers (22) and secured with the tear-off protection elements.

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